Coimisin na Scrduithe Stit

State Examinations Commission

LEAVING CERTIFICATE 2010







MARKING SCHEME






APPLIED MATHEMATICS





HIGHER LEVEL























Page 1





General Guidelines

1 Penalties of three types are applied to candidates' work as follows:

Slips - numerical slips S(-1)

Blunders - mathematical errors B(-3)

Misreading - if not serious M(-1)

Serious blunder or omission or misreading which oversimplifies:
- award the attempt mark only.

Attempt marks are awarded as follows: 5 (att 2).


2 The marking scheme shows one correct solution to each question.
In many cases there are other equally valid methods.

Page 2
1. (a) A car is travelling at a uniform speed of 14
1
s m

when the driver notices a
traffic light turning red 98 m ahead.

Find the minimum constant deceleration required to stop the car at the traffic
light,

(i) if the driver immediately applies the brake

(ii) if the driver hesitates for 1 second before applying the brake.



( )
( )
( )
2
2
2
2 2
2
2
1
2
2
2 2
s m 17 . 1 or
6
7
168
196
168 14 0
14 98 2 14 0
2
14
0 1 14
(ii)
s m 1
196 196
98 2 14 0
2 (i)

=
+ =
+ =
+ =
=
+ =
+ =
=
=
+ =
+ =
f
f
f
fs u v
s
s
ft ut s
f
f
f
fs u v






5




5



5






5
20
Page 3
1. (b) A particle passes P with speed 20
1
s m

and moves in a straight line to Q with
uniform acceleration.

In the first second of its motion after passing P it travels 25 m.

In the last 3 seconds of its motion before reaching Q it travels
20
13
of PQ .

Find the distance from P to Q.










( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( )
( ) ( )
m 300
6 5 6 20
2
0 620 180 65
25 30 5 160 60 5
25 30 5
160 60 5
4 5 4 20

25 30 5
1 5 1 20

10
5
1 1 20 25

2
2
2 2
20
7
2
20
7
2
2
2
2
1
2
2
20
7
2
2
1
2
1
2
2
1
2
2
1
=
+ =
=
= +
+ + = + +
+ + =
+ + =
+ + + =
+ =
+ + =
+ + + =
+ =
=
=
+ =
+ =
PQ
t
t t
t t t t
t t PQ
t t
t t PQ
ft ut s PQ
t t
t t PQ
ft ut s PY
f
f
f
ft ut s PX






5




5



5




5

5



5
30
P Q Y X
t=1
s=25
t=3
s= PQ
20
13

Page 4

2. (a) Two particles, A and B, start initially from points with position vectors
j i

14 6 and j i

2 3 respectively. The velocities of A and B are constant
and equal to j i

3 4 and j i

7 5 respectively.

(i) Find the velocity of B relative to A.

(ii) Show that the particles collide.




( )
South 75.58 East direction or
4 slope
4 3 or 12 3

2 3
14 6 (ii)
South 75.58 East direction or
4 slope or s m 17 magnitude
4

7 5
3 4 (i)
1
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
= =
=
=
=
=

j i j i
R R R
j i R
j i R
j i
V V V
j i V
j i V
B A AB
B
A
A B BA
B
A










The particles collide







5



5






5




5
20
Page 5
2 (b) When a motor-cyclist travels along a straight road from South to North at
a constant speed of 12.5
1
s m

the wind appears to her to come from a
direction North 45 East.

When she returns along the same road at the same constant speed, the wind
appears to come from a direction South 45 East.

Find the magnitude and direction of the velocity of the wind.



( )
( )
West direction
s m 2.5 1 magnitude
0 5 . 12
5 . 12
5 . 12 5 . 12 and
5 . 12

5 . 12 0
5 . 12

5 . 12 0
1
=
=
+ =
= =
= =
=
+ =
+ =
+ =
=
+ =
+ =
=
+ =

j i V
y x
y x y x
V V
j y i y
V V V
j y i y V
j i V
j x i x
V V V
j x i x V
j i V
W
W W
M WM W
WM
M
M WM W
WM
M
















5





5



5



5




5





5 30
Page 6
3. (a) In a room of height 6 m, a ball is
projected from a point P.

P is 1.1 m above the floor.

The velocity of projection is 2 8 . 9
1
s m


at an angle of 45 to the horizontal.

The ball strikes the ceiling at Q without first striking a wall.
Find the length of the straight line PQ.




m 96 . 10 or 5 9 . 4
9 . 4 8 . 9
8 . 9
. 45 cos 2 8 . 9
1
0 1 2
0 9 . 4 8 . 9 9 . 4
9 . 4 . 45 sin 2 8 . 9
2 2
2
2
2
2
1
=
+ =
=
=
=
= +
= +
=
PQ
t r
t
t t
t t
gt t
i

5



5





5




5
20
P
Q
1.1 m
6 m
2 8 . 9
Page 7
3 (b) A particle is projected up an inclined plane with initial speed 80
1
s m

.
The line of projection makes an angle of 30 with the inclined plane and the
plane is inclined at an angle u to the horizontal.
The plane of projection is vertical and contains the line of greatest slope.
The particle strikes the plane at an angle of
3
2
tan
1
.
Find (i) the value of u

(ii) the speed with which the particle strikes the plane.




( ) ( )
1
2
2
2
2
1
s m 52.9 or 7 20
40 3 20 speed
40
3 20 (ii)
4 . 23
4
3
tan
tan 80 3 40
40
3
2

tan
40

cos
80
cos 30 sin 80
tan 80 3 40

cos
80
sin 30 cos 80

cos
80

cos 30 sin 80 0
0 (i)

=
+ =
=
=
= =

=
=
|
|
.
|

\
|
=
=
|
|
.
|

\
|
=
=
=
=

v
v

v
v

g
g v

g
g v
g
t
.t g .t
r
j
i
i
j
j
i
j
u u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u

5



5





5










5


5





5
30
Page 8

4. (a) Two particles of masses 0.24 kg and 0.25 kg are
connected by a light inextensible string passing
over a small, smooth, fixed pulley.

The system is released from rest.

Find (i) the tension in the string

(ii) the speed of the two masses when the
0.25 kg mass has descended 1.6 m.






( )( )
1
2 2
s m 0.8
64 . 0
6 . 1 2 . 0 2 0
2 (ii)
N 4 . 2
2 . 0
49 . 0 01 . 0
24 . 0 24 . 0
25 . 0 .25 0 (i)

=
=
+ =
+ =
=
=
=
=
=
v
v
fs u v
T
f
f g
f g T
f T g









5





5






5
15
0.25 0.24
Page 9

4 (b) A smooth wedge of mass 4m and slope 45
rests on a smooth horizontal surface.

Particles of mass 2m and m are placed on
the smooth inclined face of the wedge.

The system is released from rest.


(i) Show, on separate diagrams, the forces acting on the wedge
and on the particles.

(ii) Find the acceleration of the wedge.


(i)











( )
( )
( ) ( )
2
s m 67 . 2 or
11
3
8 3 3
4
2
1
4 45 sin 45 sin 4
2
1
45 sin 45 cos
2
45 sin 2 45 cos 2 2 ) (

=
=
= +
= +
=
=
=
=
g
f
mf mf mg
mf mf mg mf mg
mf R S m
mf mg S
mf S mg m
mf mg R
mf R mg m ii





5










5



5




5







15
35
45
m
2m
4m
45
S
R
4mg
T
mg
2mg
S
R
Page 10
5. (a) A sphere, of mass m and speed u, impinges directly on a stationary sphere of
mass 3m.

The coefficient of restitution between the spheres is e.

(i) Find, in terms of u and e, the speed of each sphere after the collision.

(ii) If
4
1
= e , find the percentage loss in kinetic energy due to the collision.



( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( ) % 3 . 70 100
128
45
KE in loss Percentage
128
45
128
19
KE in Loss
128
19
or
512
76
16
5
3
16
3 after K.E.
before K.E.

16
5
and
16


4
1
) (

4
1


4
3 1


0 NEL
3 0 3 PCM ) (
2
2
1
2
2 2
2
2
1
2 2
2
2
1
2
2
1
2
2 2
1
2
1 2
1
2
2
1
2 1
2
1
2 1
2 1
= =
= =
=
|
.
|

\
|
+
|
.
|

\
|
=
+ =
=
= =
=
+
=

=
=
+ = +
mu
mu
mu mu
mu
mu mu
u
m
u
m
v m mv
mu
u
v
u
v
e ii
e u
v
e u
v
u e v v
mv mv ) m( u m i



25

5


5




5


















5




5
Page 11

(b) A smooth sphere, of mass m, moving with
velocity j i

2 6 + collides with a smooth
sphere, of mass km, moving with
velocity j i

4 2 + on a smooth
horizontal table.

After the collision the spheres move
in parallel directions.

The coefficient of restitution between the spheres is e.

(i) Find e in terms of k.
(ii) Prove that
3
1
> k .



( ) ( )
( )
( )

3
1
4 2 3
1
4k 2
k 3
1 (ii)
4k 2
k 3
4 2 6 2 3

1
4 2 6 2
1
2 4 6
2
4 2
equal are slopes directions parallel
1
2 4 6


1
4 2 6

2 6 NEL
2 6 PCM (i)
1 2
2 1
2
1
2 1
2 1
>
+ s +
s
+
+
s
+
+
=
+ = + +
+
+
=
+
+ +
=
=

+
+ +
=
+
+
=
=
+ = +
k
k k
e
e
ek k k e
k
ek k
k
k e
v v
v v
k
k e
v
k
ek k
v
e v v
kmv mv km m




5
5

















5



5



5
25
km m
4
2
2
6
Page 12

6. (a) A particle of mass m kg lies on the top of a
smooth sphere of radius 2 m.
The sphere is fixed on a horizontal
table at P.

The particle is slightly displaced and slides down
the sphere. The particle leaves the sphere at B and
strikes the table at Q.

Find (i) the speed of the particle at B

(ii) the speed of the particle on striking the table at Q.









( )
( ) ( )
( )
1
1
2
1
2
1 2
1
2
2
1
2
1 2
1
1
3
2
2
1
2
2
1
2
2
s m 8
3
4
2
3
4
cos 2 2
at energy Total at energy Total ) (
s m
3
4
cos
cos 2 2 cos 2
cos 2 2
cos 2 0

2
cos ) (

=
|
.
|

\
|
+ +
|
.
|

\
|
=
+ + =
=
=
=
=
=
= =
=
g v
mg
g
m mv
mg mv mv
B Q ii
g
v
mg g m
mg mv
g v R
mv
R mg i
o
o
o o
o
o
o





5




5


5




5

5
25
P Q
B
P Q

R
mg
Page 13
6 (b) A particle moves with simple harmonic motion of amplitude 0.75 m.
The period of the motion is 4 s.

Find (i) the maximum speed of the particle

(ii) the time taken by the particle to move from the position of
maximum speed to a position at which its speed is half its
maximum value.


( )
s.
3
2
s.
3
2
3
1
1 time
2
sin
4
3
8
3 3

3
1
2
cos
4
3
8
3 3
cos
8
3 3
4
3
2 16
3
16
3
) (
s m
8
3
4
3
2

2
4
2
4 Period ) (
2
2 2 2
2 2 2 2
max 2
1
1
max
= = =
|
.
|

\
|
= =
|
.
|

\
|
=
=
=
|
|
.
|

\
|

|
.
|

\
|
|
.
|

\
|
=
|
.
|

\
|
=
=
=
|
.
|

\
|
=
=
=
=
=

t
t t
t
t a x
x
x
x a v
v ii
a v
i
t
t
e
t t
e
t
t
t
e
t
e
e
t


25




5







5









5








5



5
Page 14
7. (a) One end of a uniform ladder, of weight W, rests
against a smooth vertical wall, and the other end rests on
rough horizontal ground. The coefficient of friction
between the ladder and the ground is .
The ladder makes an angle o with the horizontal and
is in a vertical plane which is perpendicular to the wall.

Show that a person of weight 3W can safely climb to
the top of the ladder if

o

tan 8
7
> .















( ) ( ) ( )
( )
( )
o

o
o
o o o

tan 8
7
2
7
tan 4
2
7
tan
cos 3 cos sin
: about moments
4
4 vertical
horizontal
2
2
1
2
2
1
1 2
=
=
=
+ =
=
=
=
W
W
W
R
W W R
c
W R
W R
R R





25
5

5






5



5




5
o

c
W
3W
R
1

R
2

R
1

o
Page 15

7. (b) Two uniform smooth spheres each of weight W
and radius 0.5 m, rest inside a hollow cylinder
of diameter 1.6 m.

The cylinder is fixed with its base horizontal.

(i) Show on separate diagrams the forces
acting on each sphere.

(ii) Find, in terms of W, the reaction
between the two spheres.

(iii) Find, in terms of W, the reaction between the
lower sphere and the base of the cylinder.




















in cos
5
4
5
3
= = u u s

W
W W
W R
W
R
W R
W R
2 R
R
sin R B Sphere (iii)
4
5
5
4
sin A Sphere (ii)
3
3
2 3
2
2
2
=
+ =
+ =
=
= |
.
|

\
|
=
u
u






5









5


5






5




5
1.6
0.5
0.5
0.6

1
A
B
R
2
R
4
W
W
R
1
R
2
R
3
25
Page 16

8. (a) Prove that the moment of inertia of a uniform circular disc, of mass m and
radius r, about an axis through its centre perpendicular to its plane is
2
2
1
r m .





{ }
{ }
2
2
1
4
0
4

0
3
2

4
M 2
4
M 2
M 2 disc the of inertia of moment
2 M element the of inertia of moment
2 M element of mass
area unit per mass M Let
r m
r
x
dx x
x xdx
xdx
r
r
=
=
(

=
=
=
=
=
}
t
t
t
t
t










5


5



5






5
20
Page 17
8. (b) An annulus is created when a central hole
of radius b is removed from a uniform
circular disc of radius a.

The mass of the annulus (shaded area) is M.


(i) Show that the moment of inertia of the annulus about an axis through
its centre and perpendicular to its plane is
( )
2
2 2
b a M +
.

(ii) The annulus rolls, from rest, down an incline of 30. Find its angular
velocity, in terms of g, a and b, when it has rolled a distance
2
a
.




( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
2 2
2
2
1
2
2 2
2
2
1
2
2
1
2
2
1
2
2
1
2 2
4 4
2 2
4
1


3
1
3
4 2 2
1
30 sin
2
PE in Loss KE in Gain (ii)
2
4
2
4
2
2 annulus of inertia of moment (i)
b a
ga
a
Mg a M
b a M
a
Mg a M I
Mgh Mv I
b a M
b a
b a
M
x
M
dx x M
a
b
a
b
+
=
|
.
|

\
|
= +
)
`

+
|
.
|

\
|
= +
= +
=
+
=

=
(

=
=
}
e
e e
e e
e
t
t
t
t



30

5




5


5





5


5







5
a
b
Page 18
9. (a) State the Principle of Archimedes.

A buoy in the form of a hollow spherical shell
of external radius 1 m and internal radius 0.8 m
floats in water with 61% of its volume immersed.

Find the density of the material of the shell.




Principle of Archimedes

( )
( ) ( )
3
3 3
3
m kg 1250
488 . 0
610
3
4
610
3
4
488 . 0
3
4
488 . 0
8 . 0
3
4
1
3
4
3
4
610
1
3
4
100
61
1000

= =
|
.
|

\
|
= |
.
|

\
|
=
|
.
|

\
|
=
)
`

=
=
|
.
|

\
|
=
)
`

|
.
|

\
|
=
=

t t
t
t t

t
t

g g
B W
g
g
Vg W
g
g
Vg B





5





5








5








5



5
25
1
0.8
Page 19
9 (b) A uniform rod, of length 1.5 m and
weight W, is freely hinged at a point P.

The rod is free to move about a
horizontal axis through P.
The other end of the rod is immersed
in water.

The point P is 0.5 m above the surface
of the water.

The rod is in equilibrium and is inclined at an angle of 60 to the vertical.

Find (i) the relative density of the rod

(ii) the reaction at the hinge in terms of W.



( )
( )
5
2
5
3
5
3
3
) (
9
5
3
3
5
3
1
and
60 sin
4
3
60 sin
4
5
: about moments
2
1
2
1
60 cos 5 . 1
part immersed of length ) (
3
1
W
R
W R
W
W R B
W
s
W
B ii
s
W
s
W
s
W
s
W
B
W B
P
x
x
x i
=
= +
= +
= =
=
=
= =
|
.
|

\
|
=
|
.
|

\
|
=
=
=



25






5



5


5




5










5
P
60 0.5 m
Page 20
10. (a) Solve the differential equation

2
xy x
dx
dy
y + =
given that y = 0 when x = 0.






( )
( )
( )
e y
e y
x y
C
x y
C x y
dx x dy
y
y
y
y x
dx
dy
xy x
dx
dy
y
x
x
1
1
2
1
1 ln
2
1
0
0 , 0
2
1
1 ln
2
1

1
1
2
2
2
2 2
2 2
2
2
2
=
= +
= +
=
= =
+ = +
=
+
+
=
+ =
} }









5



5




5







5
20
Page 21

10 (b) The acceleration of a cyclist freewheeling down a slight hill is

2 2
s m 0006 . 0 12 . 0

v

where the velocity v is in metres per second.

The cyclist starts from rest at the top of the hill.

Find (i) the speed of the cyclist after travelling 120 m down the hill

(ii) the time taken by the cyclist to travel the 120 m if his average
speed is 2.65
1
s m

.




( ) | |
( ) ( )
s 3 . 45
120
65 . 2
time
distance
speed average ) (
s m 18 . 5
155 . 1
0006 . 0 12 . 0
12 . 0
144 . 0
0006 . 0 12 . 0
12 . 0
ln
120
0006 . 0 12 . 0
12 . 0
ln
0012 . 0
1
120 12 . 0 ln
0012 . 0
1
0006 . 0 12 . 0 ln
0012 . 0
1
0006 . 0 12 . 0 ln
0012 . 0
1

0006 . 0 12 . 0
0006 . 0 12 . 0 ) (
1
144 . 0
2
2
2
2
120
0

0
2
120
0
2

0
2
=
=
=
=
= =

=
|
.
|

\
|

=
|
.
|

\
|

= +
=
(

} }
t
t
ii
v
e
v

v

v
v
x v
dx dv
v
v
v
dx
dv
v i
v
v











5


5

5




5




5






5
30
Page 22




Marcanna Breise as ucht freagairt tr Ghaeilge


Ba chir marcanna de rir an ghnthrta a bhronnadh ar iarrthir nach ngnthaonn nos m
n 75% diomln na marcanna don phipar. Ba chir freisin an marc bnais sin a shln
sos.

Dantar an cinneadh agus an romhaireacht faoin marc bnais i gcs gach pipir ar leithligh.

Is 5% an gnthrta agus is 300 iomln na marcanna don phipar. Mar sin, bain sid as
an ngnthrta 5% i gcs iarrthir a ghnthaonn 225 marc n nos l, e.g. 198 marc 5% =
99 bnas = 9 marc.

M ghnthaonn an t-iarrthir nos m n 225 marc, romhtar an bnas de rir na foirmle
[300 bunmharc] 15%, agus an marc bnais sin a shln sos. In ionad an romhaireacht
sin a dhanamh, is fidir sid a bhaint as an tbla thos.


Bunmharc Marc Bnais
226 11
227 233 10
234 240 9
241 246 8
247 253 7
254 260 6
261 266 5
267 273 4
274 280 3
281 286 2
287 293 1
294 300 0











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