ABEL

ABEL
( )

( ).
,
,

. ,

,
.
.

,
( ).

(1 )

,
, , 3.2.2.8
8 [1].
,
Duhamel
Simpson [2].
,
: ) EC8 [1] )
. ,
EC8
[1] ,

.

 ABEL

1 :

2 :
EC8

dt
(%)


(g m/s2 cm/s2)
(1 2)
(0.16g 0.24g 0.36g)
(A B )
q

1 :

,
,
,
.
(2 )

FEMA 440 [3, 4] ,
.
,


( ).

1 : FEMA 440 [3]

 ABEL

,
. ,
, ,
, ,
( EC8),
Poisson
(

).



(m)

(m)
(m)
(kN/m2)
( EC8)
Vs (m/s)
Poisson v

( )

(m)
(m)
(m)
(m)
(m)
(m)

2 :
FEMA 440 [3]

FEMA 440,


, (
,
),
.

 ABEL

1:
, ,

W (b l q)
l : . ,
b : . ,

2:

( )

q : .
F
F

3:

l3w,i t
(
)
i 1 12
lw : ,
N

4:

t: ,
:

5:

....
cm = 9.5(fck+8)(1/3)
(2.5.2, .2.3)

6:


7:

M,p

M,n
M ,2

M,1

8:

i,p
0

,
M,p M,1
EI

,.,
dx,

N.

:= ......

1.

 ABEL

9:

:

N. (N. N. )

...... .............

1. (1. N. )

10:
:
(TC 40, . 8-20)

(w i i ) / g

11:
S=1 (TC 40, .
8-23)
12: :
(TC 40, . 8-27)
13:

PF

i 1
N

(w i i ) / g
2

i 1

Fi PF i S w i
N

i 1

i 1

Tfix 2 ( w i i2 ) / (g Fi i )

V Sd(Tfix ) ( W n)
g
Sd(Tfix ): ,
W: ,
n:

3 : FEMA 440

1:
,
,

2:

( )

W (b l q)
l : . ,
b : . ,
q : .
F

3:

F
F

l3w,i t
(
)
i 1 12
lw : ,
N

4:

t: ,
:

 ABEL

5:

N

K
i 1

6:

(FEMA 356, , 4.4 / C 40, . 10.2&3)

((1 0.21

Di

Bi

) (1 1.6 (

i 1

d
d
d
(1 1.4 ( i )0.6 (1.5 3.7 ( i )1.9 ( i ) 0.6 ))
Li
Li
Di

G: , : Poisson,
B: ,
L: ,
d: ,
D: ,
: ( )

8:

9:

M,p

M,2

M,n

M ,1

,..,
l

10:

Di di (Bi L i )
)
Bi L2i

G: , : Poisson,
B: ,
L: ,
d: ,
D: ,
: ( )
G Bi3
L i 2.4
(

(0.47

(
) 0.034))
N
1 v
Bi

Kx
7:

(FEMA 356, . 4.4 / C 40, . 10.2&3)

....
cm = 9.5(fck+8)(1/3)
(2.5.2, .2.3)
G Bi
L
(
(3.4 ( i )0.65 1.2))
2v
Bi

i,p
0

M,p M,1
EI

dx,

N.

:= ......

1.
6

 ABEL

11:


12:

x0

hN.

, : , = ......
h
1.

V
x

x0

, : ,x = ...
x
0

13:

N. hN. x 0

= ,p +, + ,x = ...... + ...... + ...

1. h1. x 0

14:

N. (N. N. )

...... .............
(

1. 1. N. )

15:

(TC 40, . 8-20)

(w i i ) / g

16:
S=1
(TC 40, . 8-23)
17:
(TC 40, . 8-27)
18:

PF

i 1
N

(w i i ) / g
2

i 1

Fi PF i S w i
N

i 1

i 1

Tel 2 ( w i i2 ) / (g Fi i )

V Sd(Tel ) ( W n)
g
Sd(Tel ): ,
W: ,
n:

4 : FEMA 440

, ,
,
,

.

 ABEL

[1] CEN. Eurocode 8: Design of structures for earthquake resistance. Part 1: General rules,
seismic actions and rules for buildings. Final Draft prEN 1998. European Committee for
Standardization. Brussels, 2003.
[2] . . : . .
. 1999.
[3] FEMA 440. Improvement of nonlinear static seismic analysis procedures. ATC 55 project,
Redwood City, California, 2005.
[4] Sextos AG, Katsanos EI. Knowledge-based expert system for considering soil- structure
interaction effects in the design for R/C buildings. In: Proceedings of the 1st International
Conference of Computational Methods in Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering.
Rethymnon, Greece, 2007.