Do An Be Chua Nuoc Tren Cao

VIN XY DNG CNG TRNH BIN
N B CHA
MC LC
CHNG 1 : GII THIU CHUNG ........................................................................4
1.1 Khi nim chung ................................................................................................4
1.2 phn loi b cha ..............................................................................................4
1.3 Tnh hnh xy dng b cha nc ta ............................................................6
CHNG 2 : C S THIT K...............................................................................7
2.1 Thng s thit k .................................................................................................7
2.2 Tiu chun v quy phm phc v cho vic thit k.........................................7
2.2.1 Tiu chun tnh ti trng: ..........................................................................7
2.2.2 Quy phm thit k thn b cha: ..............................................................7
2.2.3 Tiu chun vt liu cho thn bn...............................................................8
2.2.4 Tiu chun vt liu cho thp gia cng v hng ng...............................8
2.2.5 Tiu chun vt liu cho gi bn............................................................8
2.3. Cc loi vt liu dng trong thit k .................................................................8
2.3.1 Vt liu dng thit k thn b cha: ....................................................8
CHNG 3 : THIT K B CHA THEO QUY PHM....................................9
3.1 Tnh ton cc loi ti trng tc dng ln b cha............................................9
3.1.1 Ti trng gi: ................................................................................................9
3.1.1.1 Xc nh h s kh ng c :................................................................10
3.1.1.2 Tnh din tch chn gi hiu qu: .....................................................11
3.1.1.3 Ti trng gi tc dng ln b cha ...................................................11
3.1.2 Ti trng ca kt cu ph tr ...................................................................11
3.1.3 Ti trng do p lc thu tnh ca cht lng ............................................11
3.2 Tnh ton chiu dy thp thn b...................................................................13
3.2.1 Tnh ton chiu dy thn b chu p lc trong........................................13
3.2.2 Tnh ton chiu dy thnh b chu p lc ngoi .....................................16
3.2.3 Tnh ton chiu dy thnh b trong iu kin vn hnh ng sut nn 18
3.2.4 Tnh ton chiu dy thn b c xt n ti trng gi.............................19
3.2.5 Tnh ton chiu dy thn b trong iu kin th ti .............................20
3.2.6 Tnh ton trng lng bn thn b: ........................................................22
3.3 Thit k l m trn thnh b ( l ngi chui v hng ng ).........................22
NHM THC HIN : NHM 21
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3.3.1 La chn hnh dng l m trn thn b cha:......................................22

3.3.2 La chn kch thc ca cc l m:.......................................................22
3.3.3 Tnh khong cch cc l m: ...................................................................23
3.3.4
La chn gii php thit k l m :........................................................23
3.3.5 La chn vt liu cho thnh l m v gia cng: .................................24

3.3.6 Tnh chiu dy ca thnh l m : ............................................................25
3.3.7 Tnh ton gia cng ..................................................................................26
3.3.7.1 Yu cu v din tch gia cng , AR ..................................................27
3.3.7.2 Tnh ton kh nng t gia cng ca thnh b v thnh l m ....28
3.3.7.3 Gii hn khu vc gia cng : ...........................................................29
CHNG 4 THIT K KT CU B V H GING CHO KT CU
B..................................................................................................................................35
4.1 Thit k kt cu b.......................................................................................35
4.1.1 Tnh ton ti trng tc dng ln h kt cu b cha :......................35
4.1.2 T hp ti trng tc dng kt cu b cha: ......................................36
4.1.4 Thit k h thng ct b cha.............................................................36
4.1.4.1
La chn s tr cho b cha :....................................................36
4.1.4.2
Vt liu lm tr : .........................................................................36
4.1.4.3
Lin kt gia tr v b cha : .........................................................37
4.1.4.4
Lin kt gia cc tr vi nhau:..................................................37
4.1.4.5 Tnh ton cc c trng hnh hc ca ct : ................................37

4.1.4.6
Kim tra ti mt ct A-A ti u ct:.............................................38
4.1.4.7
Kim tra ti mt ct B-B chn ct :.............................................43
4.2 Tnh ton v thit k h thanh ging c tng chng ti trng ngang .48
4.2.1 Tnh ton lc ko thanh ging ................................................................49
4.2.8 Kim tra ng sut ko trong thanh ging : ...........................................50
4.2.8 Tnh ton cht ( cho chi tit 1 ) ...............................................................50
4.2.8 Tnh ton chi tit 1 ...................................................................................51
4.2.8 Tnh ton v kim tra tm ni thanh ging...........................................52
4.2.8
La chn tng : ..................................................................................53
4.2.7 Tnh ton tm m chn ct....................................................................53

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4.2.8 Tnh ton lin kt hn:.............................................................................55

CHNG 5 : THIT K MNG CHO B............................................................58
5.1 La chn phng n mng ............................................................................58
5.2 Xc nh ti trng ...........................................................................................58
5.3 La chn s b kch thc cc ......................................................................58
5.4
S liu a cht ..................................................................................................58
5.5 Xc nh su y i
.........................................................................60
5.6 Xc nh sc chu ti ca cc:........................................................................61

5.7 Xc nh s lng cc trong mng ................................................................63
5.8 Tnh s lng v b tr cc.............................................................................64
5.9 Tnh ton kim tra cc....................................................................................65
5.10 Kim tra i cc:.............................................................................................66
5.10.1 Kim tra cng trn tit din nghing iu kin m thng .....66
5.10.2 Tnh ton cng trn tit din thng ng tnh ct thp i .....67
CHNG 6 : THIT K BNG MY TNH........................................................69
6.1 Ti trng tc dng ln b ................................................................................69
6.1.1 Ti trng bn thn ca b cha..............................................................69
6.1.2 Ti trng ca LPG cha trong b cha :...............................................69
6.1.3 Ti trng nc khi th p lc :...............................................................69
6.1.5 p lc ca cht lng.................................................................................69
6.1.6 Ti trng gi tc dng ln thn b..........................................................69
6.2 T hp ti trng ...............................................................................................70
6.3 TNH TON TRN SAP 2000......................................................................71
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N B CHA
CHNG 1
GII THIU CHUNG
1.1.Khi nim chung
Cc cng trnh xy dng dng cha ng cc sn phm cht lng, cht kh,
cc vt liu dng ht, v d nh : sn phm du (xng, du ho, ), kh ho lng,
nc, axit, cn cng nghip, cc vt liu ht, . c gi l b cha. Cc b cha ny
c th c p lc thp, p lc thng, hay p lc cao .
Tu vo cng nng ca tng b, vo yu cu s dng cng nh cc yu cu v
kinh t, thi cng, ngi ta c cc loi hnh b thch hp. Vic phn loi b ch yu cn
c vo hnh dng v p lc ca n .
1.2 phn loi b cha
* Theo hnh dng ca b gm c :
-
B cha hnh tr ( tr ng, tr ngang hnh v ) .
B hnh cu, hnh git nc, (xem hnh v di) .
Hnh 1.1B cha tr ng .
Hnh 1.2 B cha tr ngang
.
B cha tr ng : Th tch cha c th rt khc nhau, t 100 n 20000 m3 (cha
xng ), thm ch ti 50 000 m3 ( cha du mazt, ). B tr ng c th dng mi c
ct chng hay khng c ct chng, c u im l n gin khi ch to v lp ghp,
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dung tch cha ln, kinh t. Nhng thng ch cha c cc cht lng hay kh c p
sut thng hoc khng cao lm .
B cha tr ngang : Cng c cc u im nh b cha tr ng nh n gin khi
ch to v lp ghp, c bit c th ch to ti nh my ri vn chuyn n cng trnh,
kh nng chu p lc cao, nhng th tch cha nh (50 500 m3 ), cha gas, xng, hi
ho lng ) .
Hnh 1.3 B cha cu .
Hnh 1.4 B cha hnh git nc .
B cha cu : Dng cha hi ho lng vi p sut d Pd = 0.25 1.8 MPa, chng

c u im l chu c p sut cao, gim tn tht mt mt do bay hi, ng sut u
theo cc phng, tuy nhin rt kh khn khi ch to, mc d vy do nhng u im
m khng b no snh c n vn c s dng mt cch rng ri trong thc t .
B cha hnh git nc : Ly hnh dng hp l theo sc cng mt ngoi ca git
nc, b cha hnh git nc dng cha xng c hi n hi cao Pd = 0.03 0.05
MPa, v c bn n cng c nhng u v nhc im nh b cha cu .
* Theo p d :
Do cht lng bay hi trong khng gian hi gia mt thong ca cht lng v mi
b m phn ra :
B cha p lc thp : khi p lc d Pd [ 0.002 MPa ( 0.02kG/cm2 ) v p lc chn
khng ( khi x ht cht lng ) Po [ 0.00025 MPa ( 0.0025 kG/cm2 ) .
B cha p lc cao : khi p lc d Pd/ 0.002 Mpa .
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* Ngoi ra cn c cch phn loi theo v tr trong khng gian : cao hn mt t (t

trn gi ta), trn mt t , ngm , na ngm di t hoc di nc .
Nh vy, b cha vi nhng u im ring ca n l nhng cng trnh xy
dng phc v c lc cho i sng kinh t x hi. Chng ngy cng hon thin p
ng ngy mt cao v yu cu s dng. Vic nghin cu, ng dng n, lm cho n
ngy cng pht huy vai tr ca mnh l rt cn thit p ng nhu cu ngy cng cao
ca nn kinh t hin i
1.3. Tnh hnh xy dng b cha nc ta
nc ta, b cha mi ch xut hin t cui th k XIX, u th k XX, ch yu
lc u phc v cho cng cuc khai thc thuc a ca Php. Trong sut mi thp k
tip theo do chin tranh, do cng nghip pht trin chm chp b cha t pht trin, ch
yu ch phc v cho xng du, qun s. Gn y cng vi s pht trin ca t nc,
hng lot d n, nh my ra i c nhu cu s dng b cha, i sng nhn dn ngy
mt nng cao nhu cu xng du, gas cng theo m tng vt. Nhu cu b cha tr
nn cp thit, b cha tr thnh cng trnh xy dng ph bin trong x hi. Tuy nhin
ch yu vn l cc b cha tr ng, chng ta thit k v thi cng nhng b cha
dung tch 25 000 m3 (Ct Li Thnh ph H Ch Minh ), nhng b cha di 10000
m3 c s dng mt cch ph bin nh Nh B, Cn Th, Hi Phng, Vng Tu,
H Ch Minh .cn b cha cu, hnh git nc gn nh phi mua ca nc ngoi
hay trong nc mi ch c thit k (b cha cu do trong nc thit k mi ch thi
cng trong TP H Ch Minh). Nhu cu xy dng b cha cu cha kh ho lng
cn rt cp bch. B cha nc ta vn cn nh v phn tn, xu hng xy dng cc
b cha c p lc cao hay cc b cha c dung tch ln ang pht trin .
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N B CHA
CHNG 2
C S THIT K
2.1. Thng s thit k
- Kiu b
: B cu bng thp t trn h tr .
- Kh nng cha
: 2500(T).
- Th tch b cha
:V=
- Bn knh trong ca b
: Ri=
- Trng lng ring ln nht ca LPG g
: 0,56 (T/m3).
2500
= 5511, 46(m3 ).
0,504.0,9
3
3 5511, 46
.
= 10,96 (m).
4
p
- Trng lng ring nh nht ca LPG gm : 0,504 (T/m3).

- p sut trong thit k PTK
: 1,6 (N/mm2).
- p sut ngoi thit k Potk
: 0,1 (N/mm2).
- Chiu dy n mn cho php bn trong i : 1,5(mm).

- Chiu dy n mn cho php bn ngoi o : 0,5(mm).
- Kim tra bng tin Rnghen
: Ton b chiu di ng hn 100%
- Sc cha ln nht ca b
: 90% th tch bnh
- Ni xy dng b
: Hi phng.
- p lc gi Wo
: 115 daN/ m2
2.2 Tiu chun v quy phm phc v cho vic thit k

2.2.1 Tiu chun tnh ti trng:
Tnh ti trng gi theo : Ti trng v tc ng TCVN 2737-1995.(TL[4])
2.2.2 Quy phm thit k thn b cha:
Thnh b c thit k theo quy phm : ASME section VIII DIVISION
2.(TL[1])
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2.2.3 Tiu chun vt liu cho thn bn

Tiu chun vt liu ASTM A516 Gr 70 (TL[2])
Tiu chun vt liu ASME section II part D (TL[3]).
2.2.4 Tiu chun vt liu cho thp gia cng v hng ng
Tnh ton theo tiu chun vt liu ASTM A516 Gr 70 (TL[2]).
2.2.5 Tiu chun vt liu cho gi bn
Tnh ton theo tiu chun vt liu API 5L (TL[5]).
2.3. Cc loi vt liu dng trong thit k
2.3.1 Vt liu dng thit k thn b cha:
Loi thp tm A516 Gr70, c cc c tnh k thut sau:
- Trng lng ring : g = 7,85 (T/m3).
- Gii hn chy thit k Sy = 260 Mpa = 260 ( N/mm2 )
- Gii hn bn thit k St = 485 Mpa = 485 ( N/mm2 )
- M un n hi : E= 2.1.105MPa= 2.1.105 (N/mm2)
Theo appendix 2 ( ASME section II part D ) , Tra bng Table 2 100 (a ) ta s ly :
- Gii hn chy thit k
- Gii hn bn thit k
2
2
S y = x 2 6 0 = 1 7 3, 3 3 ( N/mm2 )
3
3
1
1
S t = x 4 8 5 = 1 6 1, 6 ( N/mm2 )
3
3
Ly gi tr nh hn
Vy ta ly gi tr Sm = 161,6 ( N/mm2 ) tnh ton
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CHNG 3
THIT K B CHA THEO QUY PHM
3.1 Tnh ton cc loi ti trng tc dng ln b cha
3.1.1 Ti trng gi:
Ti trng gi c tnh theo tiu chun TCVN 2737-1995.
Gi tr tiu chun thnh phn tnh ca ti trng gi :
Wg= .Wo.k.c.As.
(3.1)
Trong :
-
Wg : Gi tr tiu chun thanh phn tnh ca ti trng gi
Wo : Gi tr ca p lc gi theo vng.
k : L h s tnh n s thay i ca p lc gi theo cao ly
theo bng 5 (TCVN 2737 95 )

-
c : H s kh ng ly theo bng 6 (TCVN 2737 95 )
As l din tch chn gi hiu qu ( m2 )

As = .(Ro.sin )2
Ro l ng knh ngoi ca b cha
H s tin cy ca ti trng gi ly bng 1,2.
Xc nh h s k :
Trng tm b c cao : h= Ri+ ao= 10,96+ 2=12,96 (m)
Trong :
-
Ri: Bn knh trong ca b cha, Ri = 10,96 (m).
a0: khong cch t ct 0.00 n y b cha, ao = 2(m).
Tra bng 5 ( TCVN 2737 -95 ) vi dng a hnh B ta c : k=1,05
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3.1.1.1 Xc nh h s kh ng c :
Do b cha c dng hinh cu nn tra bng 6, tng ng vi s 32, ta c
H s ry non Re= 0,88.d . Wo .k .g .105 = 0,88.2.10,96. 115.1,05.1, 2.105
Re= 232,2.105 > 4.105.
Vi d= 2.Ri l ng knh khi cu, (m).
Bng 3.1 -Bng ch dn h s kh ng ti mt s im ng vi gc b.
b()
15
30
45
60
75
ce
+1,0
+0,8
+0,4
-0,2
-0,8
-1,2
b()
90
105
120
135
150
175
180
ce
-1,25
-1,0
-0,6
-0,2
+0,2
+0,3
+0,4
Hnh dng gi tc dng ln mt na b cha
hng gi
H s kh ng mt n gi c = 0,8
H s kh ng mt ht gi c = 0,4
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N B CHA
3.1.1.2 Tnh din tch chn gi hiu qu:

Din tch chn gi hiu qu c tnh theo cng thc sau;
AS = p .( Ro .sin b ) 2 .
T bng 6, ta thy din tch chn gi hiu qu mt n gi tng ng vi

b=450
AS1= p .(10,96.sin 450 ) = 188,7 ( m2 )
2
Din tch ht gi hiu qu ng vi gc b=300

AS2= p .(10,96.sin 300 ) = 94,3 ( m2 )
2
3.1.1.3 Ti trng gi tc dng ln b cha

mt n gi Wg1 = 1,2.115.1,05.0,8.188,7 = 21874,1 ( daN ) =218741 ( N )
mt ht gi Wg2 = 1,2.115.1,05.0,4.94,3 = 5465,6 ( daN )=54656 ( N )
Vy tng ti trng gi :
Wg = Wg1 Wg2 = 164085 ( N )
Kt lun :
Ti trng gi tc dng ln b cha l Wg = 164085 ( N )
3.1.2 Ti trng ca kt cu ph tr
Cc loi kt cu ph tr nh : ng cng ngh, sn cng tc, cu thang ln
xung, hng ng , trong qua trnh bo dng cng nhn sa cha kim tra,... gy ra tc
dng ln b cha v tng ti trng cc kt cu ph tr l:
G3= 12 (T) =12000.9,81= 117720 (N).
3.1.3 Ti trng do p lc thu tnh ca cht lng
Tnh chiu cao h cht lng ( cht lng chim 90% th tch b ) :
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11
N B CHA

Vc = p .m 2 .( R VC =
Ta c phng trnh sau :
p m 2 ( Ri -
m
)
3
( 3.2 )
1
V
10
m
1 4
) = . p .R 3
3
10 3
Trong :
- a l khong cch t mt cht lng n tm b (m )
- Ri l bn knh trong ca b ( m )
- Vc l th tch phn chm cu khng cha cht lng
- V l th tch b cha
Gii phng trnh trn ta c nghim m = 4,29 (m )
Vy chiu cao ct cht lng l :
H = 2.R m = 2.10,96 4,29 = 17,63 (m )
p lc thy tnh c xc nh theo cng thc :
Pi =
g.h.9,81
( N/mm2 )
1000
( 3.3 )
Trong :
- l trng lng ring ca cht lng cha trong b (T/m3 )
- Pi l p sut thy tnh ng vi mc cht lng trong b (N/mm2 )
- h l chiu cao ct cht lng ( m)
Vi = 0,56 (T/m3 ) ta c bng kt qu sau :
Bng 3.2: Tnh p lc thu tnh v tng p lc ti cc im
im
tnh
( )
Mc cht
lng (m)
p lc
thy tnh
Pi(N/mm2)
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Tng p
PiTK(KN/m2)
lc
P(N/m2)
12
N B CHA
55o
0,383
0,002
1,6
1,602
90o
6,668
0,037
1,6
1,637
125o
12,953
0,071
1,6
1,671
180o
17,63
0,097
1,6
1,697
3.2 Tnh ton chiu dy thp thn b

3.2.1 Tnh ton chiu dy thn b chu p lc trong
Theo phn AD-202 (TL[1]), ta c cng thc tnh chiu dy b cha:
t=
0,5.P.R
+c.
S - 0, 25.P
(3.4)
Ti nhng im chu thm ng sut ko, ta c cng thc sau:

t=
0,5.P.R + F
+c.
S - 0, 25.P
(3.5)
Trong :
-
t: Chiu dy thnh b tnh ton (mm).
P: Tng p lc trong tnh ton ti im ang xt, (N/mm2)

P = Pi +Ptk
Ptk l p sut thit k trong b cha 1,6 ( N/mm2 )
Pi l p sut thy tnh ng vi mc cht lng trong b (N/mm2 )
F: Lc dc theo phng thng ng trong cc tm thp thnh b
c gi tr dng khi gy ko trong thnh v(N/mm).

-
R: Bn knh trong ca b cha khng tnh n n mn (mm).
S L ng sut gii hn m phn t v c th chu c

Tnh theo cng thc: S= k.Sm (N/mm2 )
k: H s c ly theo bng AD150.1(TL[1]).

k=1 ng vi t hp ti trng:p sut thit k, ti trng bn thn v
ti trng ph tr,p lc thu tnh.
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N B CHA
k=1,2 ng vi t hp trn v thm ti trng gi.

-
Sm l ng sut gii hn thit k vt liu , Sm= 161,66 (N/mm2).
c : Gi tr chiu dy n mn cho php, bao gm n mn bn trong
v bn ngoi. c=1,6+0,5=2,1(mm).
a). Tnh ton s b b dy thnh b ( ch tnh vi p lc trong tnh ton )
p dng cng trn ta c bng tnh chiu dy thn b ti 1 s im vi :
C =2,1 ( mm ) ; Ri = 10,96 ( m )
Ptk = 1,6 N/mm2
S=k.Sm=1.161,6 = 161,6 (N/mm2).
Ta c bng kt qu sau :
Bng 3.3: tnh s b chiu dy thnh b ti cc im
( )
im
tnh
Mc cht
p lc
lng (m)
thy tnh
Tng p
lc
P(N/m2)
t
( mm )
55o
0,384
0,002
1,602
56,544
90o
6,670
0,037
1,637
57,720
125o
12,956
0,071
1,671
58,897
180o
17,63
0,097
1,697
59,772
b). Tnh lc dc trong phn t v :

Gi s bit chiu dy thnh b cha l t= 60 ( mm ).
Ta thit lp c cng thc sau tnh lc dc trong phn t v :
F1=
2p .R 2 (1 - cosq ).t.g
2p .R.sin 2 q
( 3.6 )
F2=
w2
.
2.p .R.sin 2 q
( 3.7 )
F = F1 +F2
( 3.8 )
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N B CHA
Trong :
-
W1 l trng lng bn thn ca b
W2 l trng lng cc thit b ph tr
F1 l lc dc theo phng thng ng trong cc tm thp thnh b
sinh ra do trng lng bn than phn bn trn im tnh ton

-
F2 l lc dc theo phng thng ng trong cc tm thp thnh b
sinh ra do lc W2
-
Ra l bn knh trung bnh ca b cha Ra = Ri + t/2 ( mm )
Ri l bn knh trong ca b ( mm )
t l chiu dy thnh b ( mm )
l gc hp bi bn knh ti im ang xt v phng thng
ng
l khi lng ring ca thp l b ( T/m3 )
vi t = 60 (mm ) nn Ra = Ri + t/2 = 10960 + 60/2 = 10990 ( mm )
Bng 3.4: gi tr lc dc ti cc im xt.

F1
F2
im tnh
()
(N/mm)
(N/mm)
(N/mm)
55o
-32,895
-2,541
-35,436
90o
-51,763
-1,705
53,468
125o
32,895
0.000
32,895
180o
0.000
0.000
0.000
c) Tnh chiu dy thnh b ti cc im

p dng cng thc ( 3.6 ) i vi im A ,B
p dng cng thc ( 3.7 ) i vi im C
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N B CHA
Vi C = 2,1 (mm ) ; Ri = 10,96 ( m ) ; s= 161,66 ( N/mm2 )

Ta c bng kt qu sau :
Bng 3.5: gi tr chiu dy phn t v vi lc ko F
im
tnh
Tng p
( )
lc
( N/mm2 )
(N/mm
( mm )
55o
1,602
-35,436
56.544
90o
1,637
-53,468
57.720
125o
1,671
32,895
59.101
180o
1,697
0.000
59.772
3.2.2 Tnh ton chiu dy thnh b chu p lc ngoi

Theo phn AD-320 TL([2]) ta c trnh t cc bc tnh nh sau:
a). Cc bc tnh ton:
Bc 1: Gi thit 1 gi tr ca t v tnh bn knh ngoi ca b, tnh ton gi tr
h s A theo cng thc sau:
A=
0,125
.
Ro / t
Bc 2: S dng gi tri h s A trong bc 1 tra theo th chart in Subpart 3

of section II part D cho loi vt liu tnh ton. Xy ra hai trng hp:
A nm bn tri th th tnh tip theo bc 5.
A nm bn phi th th chuyn sang bc 3.
Bc 3: Di chuyn ng ging gi tr ca A theo phng ng ct vi ng
nhit ti mt im t im ny tip tc di chuyn sang phi theo phng ngang c
gi tr h s B.
Bc 4 : s dng gi tr ca B trong bc 3 tnh p lc ngoi ln nht cho php
Pa theo cng thc sau:
LP : 53CB1
16
N B CHA
Pa =
B
.
Ro / t
Bc 5 : Khi A nm bn tri, ta c th s dng cng thc sau tnh Pa:

Pa =
0,0625.E
.
2
Ro

t
Bc 6 : So snh g tr Pa trong bc 4 hoc 5 vi P

Nu Pa ln hn P thi tha mn cn ngc li th chn t khc v tnh li
Trong :
- A l h s dung tra th
- B l h s
- Pa l p sut ngoi ln nht cho php ( N/mm2 )
- P l p sut ngoi thit k ( N/mm2 )
- Ro l ng knh ngoi ca b ch
Ro = Ri + t
- Ri l bn knh trong ca b ( khng k chiu dy n mn )
- t l chiu dy thnh b ( mm )
- E l m un n hi ca vt liu E = 2,1.105 Mpa
b). Tnh ton kim tra:
gi s chn chiu dy thnh b l : t= 60 mm.
ng knh ngoi ca b cha l : Ro= 10960 +60=11020 (mm).
A=
0,125
.60 = 6,81.10-4
11020
Tra th chart in Subpart 3 of section II part D ta thy A nm bn tri th
LP : 53CB1
17
N B CHA
Gi tr p sut ngoi cho php ln nht l :

0,0625.2,1.105
Pa =
= 0,389 (N/mm2).
2
11020
60
Gi tr p sut ngoi thit k l : P= 0,1 (N/mm2).

Ta thy Pa = 0,389(N/mm2) > P = 0,1(N/mm2)
Kt lun : vy chiu dy thnh b t = 60 ( mm ) chu p sut ngoi thit k .
3.2.3 Tnh ton chiu dy thnh b trong iu kin vn hnh ng sut nn

Theo bng tnh im B l im chu ng sut nn dc trc ln nht. Cho nn ta
i kim tra chiu dy ti B trong iu kin vn hnh ng sut nn
Theo phn AD-340 (TL[1]) ta c cc bc tnh ton nh sau :
Gi thit chiu dy thn b l : t= 60 mm.
Bn knh ngoi ca b l: Ro= 10,96+0,060= 11,02 (m).
Bc 1: tnh h s A
A=
0,125
.t
Ro
Bc 2: T gi tr ca A ta tra theo chart in Subpart 3 of section II part D xy ra 2

trng hp
Nu A nm pha bn phi ca ng th ,Tra th c B
Nu A nm bn tri ca ng th th B c tnh theo cng thc :
B=
A.E
2
Bc 3: So snh gi tr ca B vi lc dc tnh ton ti C

Nu B > F th thnh dy chng li ng sut nn
Gi thit chiu dy thn b l : t= 60 mm.
LP : 53CB1
18
N B CHA
Bn knh ngoi ca b l: Ro= 10,96+0,060= 11,02 (m)

A=
H s A :
0,125
0,125
.t =
.0,06 = 6,81.10-4
Ro
11,020
Tra th chart in Subpart 3 of section II part D ta thy A nm bn tri th

nn:
B=
A.E 6,81.10-4.2,1.105
=
= 71,5 (N/mm )
2
2
Ta thy B = 71,5 > F = 53,468 (N/mm )

Vy thnh b chiu dy chng li ng sut nn.
3.2.4. Tnh ton chiu dy thn b c xt n ti trng gi
Tnh ng sut do gi gy ra thnh b ( ti im gia thnh b )
Tng ti trng gi tc dng ln b l :
Wg = 164085 (N )
M men gi tc dng ln b :
1
4R
Wg . O
2
3p
Mg =
ng sut do gi tc dng ln thnh b

Tg =
Mg
Wb
R 4
Vi Wb = 0,05.Ro . 1 - i
Ro
3
Trong :
- Wg l tng ti trng gi (N )
- Tg l ng sut trong phn t v ( N/m2 )
- Mg l m men do gi tc dng ln b ( N.m )
- Ro l bn knh ngoi ca b , Ro = 11,02 ( m )
- Ri l bn knh trong ca b , Ri = 10,96 ( m )
- Wb l m men chng un ca tit din b
LP : 53CB1
19
N B CHA
Thay s ta c :
R 4
10,96 4
3
3
i
Wb = 0,05.Ro . 1 - = 0,05.11,02 . 1 -
= 1,445 ( m )
11,02
R
o

3
1
4R 1
4.11,02
Wg . O = .164085.
= 38371,5 ( N.m)
2
3p 2
3p
Mg =
Tg =
Mg
Wb
38371,5
2
= 26546,84 ( N/m2 ) = 0,265 ( N/mm )
1, 445
Ta nhn thy ng sut do gi gy ra thnh b l khng ln . Do vy ta s ch tnh

kim tra dy ca thnh b ti im B khi lm vic trong iu kin chu nn
Gi tr lc nn do gi gy ra trong phn t v :
Fg =
Tg
t
0, 265
= 0,0044 ( N/mm)
60
Tng lc nn trong phn t v :

Ftt = Fg + F = 0,0044 + 53,468 = 53,47 ( N/mm )
Trong :
- Fg l gi tr lc do gi gy ra ( N /mm )
- F l lc dc do ti trng bn thn b v cc thit b ph tr (
N/mm )
- t l chiu dy thnh b ( mm )
Ta thy Ftt = 53,47 < B = 71,5 ( N/mm)
Kt lun : Thn b m bo chu lc vi chiu dy t=60mm.
3.2.5. Tnh ton chiu dy thn b trong iu kin th ti
Theo AD 151.1 ( TL(1) ), ta tnh chiu dy thnh b trong iu kin th p lc
nc
- Ly p sut th ti : Pt= 1,5.PiTK = 1,5.1,6 = 2,4(N/mm2).
- Gii hn bn cho php ca vt liu: S= 0,9.Sy = 0,9.260 = 234 (N/mm2).
- Chiu dy n mn cho php bn trong v bn ngoi: C =2,1 mm.
Tnh b dy thnh b theo cng thc (2.7 ).
LP : 53CB1
20
N B CHA
t=
0,5.P.R + F
+C .
S - 0,25.P
Trong :
-
P p lc tnh ton (N/mm2), P= Pt+Pi.
Pi: p lc thu tnh ti im kim tra, (N/mm2).

g n .h.9,81
(N/mm2 )
1000
Pi =
hi: Chiu cao ct cht lng t nh b cha n im tnh ton.
gn : Trng lng ring ca nc, gn= 1 (T/m3).
thay cc s liu vo ta c kt qua trong bng sau, vi F l lc ko.

Bng 3.6 : tnh chiu dy thn b trong iu kin th p lc.
im tnh
( )
p lc
p sut
Tng p
thy tnh
th ti
lc
F(N/mm)
t(mm)
Pi(N/mm2) Pt(N/mm2) P(N/mm2)

A
55o
0,046
2,40
2,446
-35,436
58,681
90o
0,108
2,40
2,508
53.468
61,21
125o
0,169
2,40
2,569
32,895
62,578
180o
0,215
2,40
2,615
0.000
63,513
Nhn xt : Ta thy b dy thnh b trong iu kin th p lc c gi tr ln hn

b dy trong trng hp cn li do vy ta s chn chiu dy thnh b nh sau :
Bng 3.7 : chiu dy thn b thit k m bo
Tn bn
V tr
t(mm).
Tm np
T im A tr ln
62
Tm xch o
Gia im A - B
64
Tm y
T im C tr xung
66
LP : 53CB1
21
N B CHA
62 mm
62 mm
64 mm
64 mm
66 mm
66 mm
3.2.6. Tnh ton trng lng bn thn b:

Trong lng bn thn b cha tnh theo cng thc sau:
G1=
4
.p .(( Ri + ttb )3 - Ri3 ).g
3
Trong :
+ ttb: Chiu dy trung bnh ca b cha, ttb= 64 mm.
+ Ri: Bn knh trong ca b cha, Ri= 10,96 ( m )
Thay s :
G1=
4
.p .((10,96 + 0,064)3 - 10,963 ).7,85 = 762,8 ( T )
3
3.3 Thit k l m trn thnh b ( l ngi chui v hng ng )

Tnh ton thit k l m trn thn b cha theo phn AD-5 TL([1])
3.3.1 La chn hnh dng l m trn thn b cha:
L c hai hnh dng ch yu l hnh elip v hnh trn. Tt nht l dng hnh
trn ( d tnh ton gia cng v kim tra ). Do vy ta chn hnh dng l ngi
chui v hng ng l dng hnh trn.
3.3.2 La chn kch thc ca cc l m:
LP : 53CB1
22
N B CHA
ng knh l m phi tho mn iu kin :
d
0,5.
D
Trong :
-
d: L ng knh trong ln nht ca l m ( mm )
D: L ng knh trong ca b cha ( mm )
3.3.3 Tnh khong cch cc l m:

Khong cch gia cc l m tnh t tm ca l m ny n tm ca l m kia
phi tho mn iu kin :
2
lc
l
+ l ri
2
3
Trong :
-
lc : Thnh phn khong cch theo phng chu vi ca b.
ll : Thnh phn khong cch theo phng dc b.
ri : Bn knh trong ca hai l m lin k nhau.
Do b cha c dng hnh cu nn thnh phn khong cch theo phng dc b

ll= 0. Suy ra cng thc trn c th vit li nh sau:
lc 2. ri .
3.3.4 La chn gii php thit k l m :

L m khng cn gia cng , phi tho mn yu cu sau:
d 0, 25. Rm .t .
Trong :
-
d : ng knh l m
t : Chiu dy trung bnh ca thn b cha , t = 64 ( mm )
LP : 53CB1
23
N B CHA
Rm: Bn knh thc ca b cha, Rm= 10960 +0,5.64 =
10992(mm).
Thay s ta c :
d 0, 25. 10992.64 = 209,68 (mm).
Nhn xt: Ta thy ng knh l m khng cn gia cng nh tnh ton trn l
qu nh, khng m bo ng knh cho l ngi chui. Do vy ta chn phng n
thit k l m c gia cng.
3.3.5 La chn vt liu cho thnh l m v gia cng:
a) La chn vt liu cho thnh l m:
Vt liu s dng cho vic ch to ming l phi tho mn iu kin sau:
ST
1,5
SY
Trong :
- ST: Gii hn bn ca vt liu ( N/mm2 )
- SY: Gii hn chy do ca vt liu ( N/mm2 )
Chn loi thp : A516 Gr70 c:
ST = 485(MPa) = 485(N/mm2).
SY = 260(MPa) = 260(N/mm2).
Xt t s :
S T 485
=
= 1,865. 1,5 tho mn iu kin.
S Y 260
kt lun: Chn loi vt liu A516 Gr70 dng ch to thnh l m.

b) La chn thp gia cng :
Vt liu gia cng phi tho mn cc iu kin sau:
- Cng thp gia cng phi ln hn 80% cng thp ch to b cha.
- Vt liu s dng tho mn iu kin sau:
(a r - a v ) .DT
0,0008.
LP : 53CB1
24
N B CHA
Trong :
-
aR: H s gin n v nhit danh ngha ca vt liu gia cng

nhit thit k.Tra bng TE-1,TE-2, TE-3 Subpart 2, ASME
section II part D.
aV : H s gin n v nhit danh ngha ca vt liu b di nhit

thit k. Tra bngTE-1,TE-2, TE-3 Subpart 2, ASME
section II part D.
DT : Nhit vn hnh bin thin trong khong t 21o C n

nhit thit k.
Ta thy phng n tt nht l chn thp gia cng cng vi loi thp ch to thnh b
Kt lun: Chn loi vt liu A516 Gr70 dng gia cng l m.
3.3.6 Tnh chiu dy ca thnh l m :
Chiu dy thnh l m c tnh ton nh chiu dy ca thn b cha. Tuy
nhin y thnh l m ch chu p lc trng
Cng thc tnh chiu dy thnh l m :
tm =
0,5.P.r
+c
( S - 0,25.P )
Trong :
- tm: chiu dy yu cu nh nht ca thnh hng ng, (mm).
- r : Bn knh trong ca l m, (mm).
- P : p sut trong ti v tr l m, ly trong iu kin th ti,
(KN/mm2).
- S : Gii hn chy do ca thp thnh l m, (KN/mm2).
- tn: l chiu dy thnh hng ng c la chn, (mm)
- C l chiu dy n mn cho php , C = 2,1 ( mm )
LP : 53CB1
25
N B CHA
3.3.7 Tnh ton gia cng

Bng 3.8 : Thng k kch thc l v chc nng ca chng
dn
Chi tit
c( in)
T1A, T1C
1,50
38,10
41,3
T1B
1,50
38,10
41,3
T2
3,00
76,20
79,4
T3
2,00
50,80
54
T4
1,50
38,10
41,3
lp my o p sut
T5A,T5B,T5C
6,00
152,40
155,6
Van gim p
T6
2,00
50,80
54
thao tc tay v d phng
T7
2,00
50,80
54
thao tc tay v d phng
M1
20,00
508,00
511,2
l ngi chui
ng mu
0,50
12,70
15,9
B1
8,00
203,20
206,4
Ly LPG
B2
8,00
203,20
206,4
Nhp LPG
B3
6,00
152,40
155,6
Hon lu hi
B4
4,00
101,60
104,8
Nhp li cht lng
B5
3,00
76,20
79,4
B6
1,50
38,10
41,3
lp my o p sut
B7
1,00
25,40
28,6
Lp my o nhit
B8
2,00
50,80
54
L thot nc
B9
3,00
76,20
79,4
M2
20,00
508,00
511,2
(mm)
dci(mm)
LP : 53CB1
chc nng
Dn hng cho my o
mc cht lng
lp my o mc cht
lng
lp my o servo
Lp my o nhit
cht lng
Hon lu hi t my
bm d phng
Ly mu pha trn l
ngi chui
L ngi chui pha di
26
N B CHA
Bng 3.9 : Bng tnh chiu dy ca thnh l m

Chi tit
dn (mm)
dci(mm)
Gc,
P (Mpa)
trn (mm)
tn (mm)
T1A, T1C
38,10
41,3
6,29
1,602
2,158
24
T1B
38,10
41,3
6,1
1,602
2,158
24
T2
76,20
79,4
7,18
1,602
2,217
32
T3
50,80
54
7,18
1,602
2,178
28
T4
38,10
41,3
7,18
1,602
2,158
24
T5A,T5B,T5C
152,40
155,6
7,18
1,602
2,335
44
T6
50,80
54
7,18
1,602
2,178
28
T7
50,80
54
7,18
1,602
2,178
28
M1
508,00
511,2
1,602
2,883
181
ng mu
12,70
15,9
1,602
2,119
12
B1
203,20
206,4
8,63
1,684
2,429
58
B2
203,20
206,4
8,63
1,684
2,429
58
B3
152,40
155,6
8,63
1,684
2,347
46
B4
101,60
104,8
8,63
1,684
2,264
36
B5
76,20
79,4
8,63
1,684
2,223
32
B6
38,10
41,3
8,63
1,684
2,161
24
B7
25,40
28,6
8,63
1,684
2,141
20
B8
50,80
54
1,684
2,182
26
B9
76,20
79,4
8,63
1,684
2,223
32
M2
508,00
511,2
8,63
1,684
2,923
136
3.3.7.1 Yu cu v din tch gia cng , AR

t .t S
AR = d ci .tr .F + 2. r n 1 - n
S
cosq
Do la chn vt liu thp gia cng cng cng thp thnh b cho nn :
Sn
=1
S
LP : 53CB1
27
N B CHA
AR = dci.tr.F
Trong :
- dci l ng knh trong ca l m c k n n mn (mm )
- tr l chiu dy yu cu nh nht ca b (mm).
- F l H s ph thuc hnh dng b . i vi b dng hnh cu th
h s F=1
d ci = d n + 2.1,6
- dn l ng knh trong ca l m (mm )
- tn l b dy danh ngha ca thnh l m ( mm )
- Sn l gii hn chy do ca thp thnh l m ( N/mm2 )
- l gc hp gia trc ca l m v phng vung gc vi thnh
b
3.3.7.2 Tnh ton kh nng t gia cng ca thnh b v thnh l m
Din tch gia cng gii hn , theo phng dc theo thnh b Aw
AW = 2.( LW - rci )( ts - tr ) -
2.ts .tn S n
1 -
cosq
S
Do thnh b v thnh l m s dng cng loi vt liu nn :

AW = 2. ( LW - rci )( ts - tr )
Din tch gia cng gii hn , theo phng php tuyn vi thnh b :
AW = 2.Ln ( tn - trn )
Sn
S
Do thnh b v thnh l m s dng cng loi vt liu nn :

AW = 2.Ln ( tn - trn )
Nu AW + An AR thnh b v thnh hng ng t gia cng

AW + An AR thnh b v thnh hng ng cn gia cng thm
LP : 53CB1
28
N B CHA
Trong :
-tr l b dy yu cu nh nht ca b ( mm )
- ts l b dy danh ngha ca thnh b ( mm )
- trn l b dy yu cu nh nht ca thnh l m ( mm )
- F l h s ph thuc vo hnh dng b .i vi b dng hnh cu
th h s F =1
- ri l bn knh trong ca l m , c k n n mn ( mm )
- Sn l gii hn chy do ca vt liu thp gia cng ( N/mm2 )
- S l gii hn chy do ca thp lm thnh b ( N/mm2 )
- l gc hp gia trc ca l m v phng vung gc vi thnh
b
- Lw l chiu di ng bin dc theo b mt b cha ca gia cng
( mm )
- Ln l chiu di ng bin dc theo phng php tuyn thnh b
ca gia cng ( mm )
3.3.7.3 Gii hn khu vc gia cng :
Chiu di ng bin dc theo b mt b cha ca gia cng : LW
Chiu di ng bin dc phi tha mn hai yu cu sau y
Yu cu 1 : Lw1
Ton b chiu di ng bin ca gia cng phi bng hoc ln hn hai gi tr
sau
Lw1 = 2r
Hoc Lw1 = r + ts + tn
Yu cu 2 : Lw2 : 2/3 chiu di ng bin ca gia cng phi bng hoc ln
hn hai gi tr sau:
LP : 53CB1
29
N B CHA
L 'w 2 =
3
r + 0,5 Rm .ts
2
L ''w 2 =
3
( r + t s + tn )
2
Ly gi tr Lw l gi tr nh hn trong hai gi tr Lw1 v Lw2

Trong :
- ts l b dy danh ngha ca thnh b ( mm )
- r l bn knh trong ca l m ( mm )
- Rm l bn knh trong ca b cha , Ri =10,96 (m )
- Ta l chiu dy trung bnh ca thnh b , ta = 62 (mm )
Chiu di ng bin dc theo phng php tuyn thnh b ca gia cng : Ln
Chiu di ng bin ca gia cng theo phng php tuyn vi thnh b phi tha
mn iu kin :
Thit k thnh l m c chiu di h 2,5tn + K
Do vy , gii hn ca gia cng phi bng hoc ln hn hai gi tr sau :
Ln1 = 0,5 rm .tn + K
Hoc Ln2 = 2,5tn

Trong :
- h l chiu di thnh l m ( mm )
- tn l chiu dy danh ngha ca thnh hng ng ( mm )
- ts l b dy thnh b ( mm )
- rm l bn knh thc ca l m ( mm )
rm = r + 0,5tn ( mm )
LP : 53CB1
30
N B CHA
- r l bn knh trong ca l m , r =
dn
( mm )
2
- h l chiu di thnh hng ng vi b dy tn ( mm )

- K l h s ph thuc bn knh cung trn chuyn tip gia thnh
b v thnh hng ng . Do thit k thnh hng ng vung gc vi
thnh b cho nn K = 0
Kt qu tnh ton cho trong cc bng sau :
Bng 3.10 : Bng tnh din tch gia cng yu cu AR
Chi
dn
dci
ts
tr
trn
tn
Ar
tit
in
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm2
T1A, T1C
1.50
38.10
41.30
60
44.79
2.158
24
1849.83
T1B
1.50
38.10
41.30
60
44.79
2.158
24
1849.83
T2
3.00
76.20
79.40
60
44.79
2.217
32
3556.33
T3
2.00
50.80
54.00
60
44.79
2.178
28
2418.66
T4
1.50
38.10
41.30
60
44.79
2.158
24
1849.83
T5A,T5B,T5C
6.00
152.40
155.60
60
44.79
2.335
44
6969.32
T6
2.00
50.80
54.00
60
44.79
2.178
28
2418.66
T7
2.00
50.80
54.00
60
44.79
2.178
28
2418.66
M1
20.00
508.00
511.20
60
44.79
2.883
181
22896.6
ng mu
0.50
12.70
15.90
60
44.79
2.119
12
712.161
B1
8.00
203.20
206.40
64
46.44
2.429
58
9585.22
B2
8.00
203.20
206.40
64
46.44
2.429
58
9585.22
B3
6.00
152.40
155.60
64
46.44
2.347
46
7226.06
B4
4.00
101.60
104.80
64
46.44
2.264
36
4866.91
B5
3.00
76.20
79.40
64
46.44 2.2236
32
3687.34
B6
1.50
38.10
41.30
64
46.44 2.1618
24
1917.97
B7
1.00
25.40
28.60
64
46.44 2.1412
20
1328.18
B8
2.00
50.80
54.00
64
46.44 2.1824
26
2507.76
B9
3.00
76.20
79.40
64
46.44 2.2235
32
3687.336
LP : 53CB1
31
N B CHA
M2
20.00
508.00
511.20
64
46.44 2.9239
136
23740.128
Bng 3.11 : Bng tnh chiu di LW theo b mt b cha

Chi
dn
dci
tit
in
mm
mm
L'w1
L''w1
1.50
38.10
41.30
38.1
103.05 567.527 154.575 103.05 2506.60
T1B
1.50
38.10
41.30
38.1
103.05 567.527 154.575 103.05 2506.60
T2
3.00
76.20
79.40
76.2
130.1
596.102
195.15
130.1
2749.96
T3
2.00
50.80
54.00
50.8
113.4
577.052
170.1
113.4
2628.28
T4
1.50
38.10
41.30
38.1
103.05 567.527 154.575 103.05 2506.60
6.00
152.40 155.60 152.4
180.2
653.252
270.3
180.2
3115.00
T6
2.00
50.80
54.00
50.8
113.4
577.052
170.1
113.4
2628.28
T7
2.00
50.80
54.00
50.8
113.4
577.052
170.1
113.4
2628.28
M1
20.00 508.00 511.20
508
495
919.952
742.5
508
7678.00
ng mu
0.50
12.70
12.7
78.35
548.477 117.525
78.35
2141.56
B1
8.00
203.20 206.40 203.2
223.6
709.027
335.4
223.6
4228.44
B2
8.00
203.20 206.40 203.2
223.6
709.027
335.4
223.6
4228.44
B3
6.00
152.40 155.60 152.4
186.2
670.927
279.3
186.2
3807.00
B4
4.00
101.60 104.80 101.6
150.8
632.827
226.2
150.8
3455.80
B5
3.00
76.20
79.40
76.2
134.1
613.777
201.15
134.1
3315.32
B6
1.50
38.10
41.30
38.1
107.05 585.202 160.575 107.05 3034.36
B7
1.00
25.40
28.60
25.4
96.7
575.677
145.05
96.7
2893.88
B8
2.00
50.80
54.00
50.8
115.4
594.727
173.1
115.4
3104.60
B9
3.00
76.20
79.40
76.2
134.1
613.777
201.15
134.1
3315.32
M2
20.00 508.00 511.20
508
454
937.627
681
508
8864.28
T1A,
T1C
T5A,T5B
T5C
15.90
Lw1
LP : 53CB1
Lw2 (mm)
L'w2
L''w2
Lw
AW
mm
mm2
32
N B CHA
Bng 3.12 Bng tnh chiu di Ln theo phng php tuyn

Chi
dn
dci
Ln1
Ln2
Ln
An
tit
in
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm2
1.50
38.10
41.30
13.649176
60
60
2620.946
T1B
1.50
38.10
41.30
13.649176
60
60
2620.946
T2
3.00
76.20
79.40
20.803846
80
80
4765.189
T3
2.00
50.80
54.00
16.607227
70
70
3615.027
T4
1.50
38.10
41.30
13.649176
60
60
2620.946
6.00
152.40 155.60 32.866396
110
110
9166.271
T6
2.00
50.80
54.00
16.607227
70
70
3615.027
T7
2.00
50.80
54.00
16.607227
70
70
3615.027
M1
20.00 508.00 511.20 124.85442 452.5
452.5
161195.2
T1A
T1C
T5A,T5B
T5C
ng mu
0.50
12.70
15.90
6.0868711
30
30
592.8243
B1
8.00
203.20 206.40 43.516663
145
145
16115.43
B2
8.00
203.20 206.40 43.516663
145
145
16115.43
B3
6.00
152.40 155.60 33.775731
115
115
10040.15
B4
4.00
101.60 104.80
24.88373
90
90
6072.339
B5
3.00
76.20
79.40
20.803846
80
80
4764.226
B6
1.50
38.10
41.30
13.649176
60
60
2620.585
B7
1.00
25.40
28.60
10.653638
50
50
1785.88
B8
2.00
50.80
54.00
15.798734
65
65
3096.289
B9
3.00
76.20
79.40
20.803846
80
80
4764.226
M2
20.00 508.00 511.20 104.63269
340
340
90491.74
LP : 53CB1
33
N B CHA
Bng 3.13: Bng kim tra kh nng t gia cng

Chi
dn
dci
Ar
Aw
An
Kt
tit
in
mm
mm
mm2
mm2
mm2
mm2
lun
T1A, T1C
1.50
38.10
41.30 1849.827 2506.61 2620.946
5127.554 c
T1B
1.50
38.10
41.30 1849.827 2506.61 2620.946
5127.554 c
T2
3.00
76.20
79.40 3556.326 2749.97 4765.189
7515.157 c
T3
2.00
50.80
54.00
2418.66 2628.29 3615.027
6243.315 c
T4
1.50
38.10
41.30 1849.827 2506.61 2620.946
5127.554 c
6.00 152.40 155.60 6969.324 3115.01 9166.270
12281.27 c
T6
2.00
50.80
54.00
2418.66 2628.29 3615.027
6243.315 c
T7
2.00
50.80
54.00
2418.66 2628.29 3615.027
6243.315 c
M1
20.00 508.00 511.2 22896.65 7678.01 161195.18 168873.1 c
T5A,T5B,T
5C
ng mu
0.50
12.70
15.90
712.161 2141.57
592.824
2734.392 c
B1
8.00 203.20 206.40 9585.216 4228.45 16115.426 20343.87 c
B2
8.00 203.20 206.40 9585.216 4228.45 16115.426 20343.87 c
B3
6.00 152.40 155.60 7226.064 3807.01 10040.150 13847.15 c
B4
4.00 101.60 104.80 4866.912 3455.81 6072.3392 9528.147 c
B5
3.00
76.20
79.40 3687.336 3315.33 4764.226
8079.554 c
B6
1.50
38.10
41.30 1917.972 3034.37 2620.584
5654.952 c
B7
1.00
25.40
28.60 1328.184 2893.89 1785.880
4679.768 c
B8
2.00
50.80
54.00
6200.897 c
B9
3.00
76.20
79.40 3687.336 3315.33 4764.22615 8079.554 c
M2
20.00 508.00 511.20 23740.13 8864.29 90491.740 99356.02 c
2507.76 3104.61 3096.289
Kt lun: vi b dy thnh l m v thnh b chn . Ti v tr cc l m , vt

liu lun m bo t gia cng . Do vy khng cn phi hn them cc tm gia
cng .
LP : 53CB1
34
N B CHA
CHNG 4
THIT K KT CU B V H GING CHO KT CU B
4.1Thit k kt cu b
4.1.1 Tnh ton ti trng tc dng ln h kt cu b cha :
Ti trng tc dng ln b cha s truyn xung t thng qua h thng kt cu
b cha. V vy ta c cc ti trng sau tc dng ln h kt cu b cha.
1) Ti trng gi :
Wg = 164085 ( N )
2) Ti trng ca LPG cha trong b cha :
Khi vn hnh , lng kh ha lng c th cha ti a trong b l 90% th tch b
v c trng lng :
W3= 2725000 ( N )
3) Ti trng bn thn ca b cha :
W1= 762,8 ( T ) = 7483068 ( N )
4) Ti trng ca cc thit b ph tr, sn cng tc :
G3= 12 ( T ) = 117720 ( N )
5) Ti trng khi th p lc :
Khi th p lc th th tch nc ng bng th tch ca b cha. V vy trng lng
ca nc c tnh theo cng thc sau :
W4= V.gn
Trong :
- V : Th tch ca b cha.
- gn : Trng lng ring ca nc, gn=10(KN/m3).
Thay s ta c : W4= 5511,46.1= 5511,46 ( T ) = 54067460 ( N )
LP : 53CB1
35
N B CHA
4.1.2. T hp ti trng tc dng kt cu b cha:

Theo phn AD 9 ( TL[ 1] ) tt c cc ti trng tc dng vo b cha u phi
ly vi gi tr ln nht, h s t hp ti trng l 1 i vi tt c cc ti trng, mi mt
t hp ti trng s tng ng vi mt trng thi lm vic ca b cha, trong qu trnh
vn hnh b cha c cc trng thi lm vic sau.
1) Trng thi th p lc nc
T hp ti trng = W1 + W2 + W4 + Wg
Trong :
-
W1 l ti trng bn thn ca b
W4 l ti trng bn thn ca nc khi th p lc b
Wg l ti trng gi
2) Trng thi lm vic bnh thng

T hp ti trng = W1 + W2 + W3 + Wg
Trong :
-
W3 l ti trng bn thn ca LPG cha trong b
Wg l ti trng gi
4.1.4 Thit k h thng ct b cha

4.1.4.1 La chn s tr cho b cha :
chn s lng tr cho b cha l : 8 tr
4.1.4.2 Vt liu lm tr :
Tr dng ng thp API 5L X65, c cc thng s sau :
LP : 53CB1
36
N B CHA
- ng knh ngoi
Do= 762 (mm).
- B dy thnh ng
to= 14,3 (mm).
- Cng gii hn chy do
SY= 448 (MPa).
- Cng gii hn bn
ST= 530 (MPa).
4.1.4.3 Lin kt gia tr v b cha :

Do v tr lin kt gia tr v b cha rt nhy cm, l ch rt nguy him cho b
cha cho nn ta chn lin kt y l lin kt hn.
4.1.4.4 Lin kt gia cc tr vi nhau:
Ta s dng h thng ging cho lin kt cc tr li vi nhau, gia hai tr s
c hai ging cho. ging cho s dng tng kh nng chu lc ca tr , tng tnh
chu lc ng u gia cc tr.
4.1.4.5 Tnh ton cc c trng hnh hc ca ct :
*
Din tch mt ct ngang :
p .( D 2 - ( D - 2.t
A=
4
Thay s vo ta c : A =
*
p . 7622 - ( 762 - 2.14,3)

4
) = 33590,25( mm ) .
2
M men qun tnh :

I=
Thay s vo ta c : I =
*
p . D 4 - ( D - 2.t
64
).
p . 7624 - ( 762 - 2.14,3)

64
) = 2,35.10 (mm ).
9
M men chng un :
W=
2.I
.
D
LP : 53CB1
37
N B CHA
2.2,35.109
Thay s vo ta c : W =
= 6,16.106 (mm3 ).
762
*
Bn knh qun tnh :

I
.
A
r=
Thay s vo ta c : r =
2,35.109
= 264,4( mm).
33590,25
4.1.4.6 Kim tra ti mt ct A-A ti u ct:

a ) Lc nn do tng ti trng thng ng tc dng ln mi ct :
Po =
W
N
Lc nn khi k n ti trng gi :
P g=
W 4.Wg .l
.
N
N .Do
Trong :
- Po l lc nn ti u ct sinh ra do tc dng ca ti trng thng
ng
- Pg l lc nn khi c thm tc dng ca gi
- W l tng ti trng thng ng tc dng ln ct
- N l ct b , N = 8
- Wg l ti trng gi , Wg = 164085 ( N )
- l l chiu di on ct lin kt vi b cha, l = 3000 (mm)
- Do l ng knh ngoi ca b , Do= 2.(10960 +66) = 22052 (mm)
* Trong trng hp th p lc
Tng ti trng thng ng :
W = W1 + W2 + W4 = 74830368 + 117720 + 54067460 = 61832333 ( N )
LP : 53CB1
38
N B CHA
Lc nn ti mt ct A A :
Po =
W 61832333
=
= 7708531 ( N )
N
8
P g=
W 4.Wg .l 61832333 4.164085.3000
= 7719692,3 ( N )
N
N .Do
8
8.22052
= 7697369,8 ( N )
* Trong trng hp hot ng bnh thng
W = W1 + W2 + W3 = 7247922 + 117720 + 2725000 = 35014873 ( N )
Lc nn ti mt ct A A :
Po =
W 35014873
=
= 4356348,5 ( N )
N
8
P g=
W 4.Wg .l 35014873 4.164085.3000
= 4367509,7 ( N )
N
N .Do
8
8.22052
= 4345187,3 ( N )
b ) M men lch tm u ct :
M=
S .R.Po .(1 - m )
.
E
Trong :
- Po l lc nn ti u ct sinh ra do tc dng ca cc ti trng
thng ng.
- R l bn knh ngoi ca b cha ti im B , R = 11026 (mm).
- l h s poission, m=0,3
- E l m un n hi ca thp , E=2,1.105 (MPa).
- S: ng sut trong phn t v ti im xch o ( im B )
LP : 53CB1
39
S=
N B CHA
0,5.P.R + F
+ 0,25.P.
ts
- P : p sut trong ca b cha, (N/mm2).

P=1,6 (N/mm2), trong trng thi vn hnh bnh thng.
P=2,4 (N/mm2), trong trng thi th p lc.
- ts : B dy thnh b cha ti im tnh ton, ts= 64(mm)
* Trong trng hp th p lc nc
ng sut trong phn t v ti im xch o
S=
0,5.2,4.11026 + 53,47
+ 0,25.2,4 = 208,14 ( N/mm2 )
64
M men lch tm :
M=
214,83.11026.7708531.(1 - 0,3)
= 58957039,6 ( N.mm )
2,1.105
* Trong trng thi hot ng bnh thng

S=
0,5.1,6.11026 + 53,47
+ 0,25.1,6 = 139,03 ( N/mm2 )
64
M men lch tm :
M=
143,51.11026.4356348,5.(1 - 0,3)
= 22256976,67 ( N.mm )
2,1.105
c )Kim tra kh nng chu nn

Theo tiu chun AISC, ng sut cho php ca ct tnh theo cng thc sau:
LP : 53CB1
40
N B CHA
( )
Kl
1 r .F
y
2.Cc2
.
Fa =
3
Kl
Kl
5 3.
r r
+
3
8.Cc
8.Cc3
( ) ( )
Trong :
- Fa l ng sut cho php dung cho ti trng tnh (N/mm2)
- K l h s chiu di tnh ton, k = 0,8
- l l chiu di thc ca ct, l=13026 (mm)
- Cc: H s k n s lm vic n hi do ca vt liu, tnh theo
cng thc:
0,5
12.p 2 .E
Cc =
.
F
y
- r : Bn knh qun tnh ca ct , r = 264,4(mm).

- E: M un n hi ca vt liu,E=2,1.105 (N/mm2).
- Fy: Cng gii hn chy ca vt liu, Fy=448 (N/mm2)
Thay s vo ta c :
12.p 2 .2,1.105
Cc =
448
0,5
= 235,62.
Kl 0,8.13026
=
= 39,4
r
264,4
Ta thy
Kl
= 39,4 < Cc = 235,62
r
LP : 53CB1
41
N B CHA
Vy cng thc trn c p dng

2
9369,6

264,97
1 -
* 448
2 * 235,62 2
Fa =
.
3
9369
,
6
9369
,
6
264,97
264,97
5 3
+ *
3 8
235,62
8 * 235,62 3
Fa = 255,51 (N/mm2)
ng sut nn mt ct A A l :
* Trong trng hp th ti :
sn =
Pg
A
M 7729692,2 58957039,6
=
+
= 239,39 ( N/mm2 )
6
6,16.10
Wc 33590,25
sn =
Pg
A
M 4367509,7 22256976,7
=
+
= 133,63 ( N/mm2 )
6
Wc
33590,25
6,16.10
Ta thy :
- Trong trng hp th ti Fa =255,51 > s n =239,39 ( N/mm2 )
- Trong trng hp vn hnh bnh thng Fa =255,51 > s n = 133,63 ( N/mm2 )
Kt lun :
Trong cc trng hp vn hnh ,ct b hon ton kh nng chu nn
d ) kim tra kh nng chu un
Theo ( TL [ 2 ] ) tiu chun AISC , kh nng chu un cho php ca ct l
Ta c :
F .D
448.762
Fb = 0,72 - 0,58 y o .Fy = 0,72 - 0,58

.448 = 293,02 ( N/mm2 )
5
E.t
2,1.10 .14,3
LP : 53CB1
42
N B CHA
ng sut do m men un ti mt ct A A l :
sb =
M 2.Wg .l 58957039,6 2.164085.3000

+
=
+
= 29,53 ( N/mm2 )
6
6
Wc N .Wb
6,16.10
8.6,16.10
sb =
M 2.Wg .l 22256976,7 2.164085.3000

+
=
+
= 23,58 ( N/mm2 )
6
6
Wc N .Wb
6,16.10
8.6,16.10
Ta thy :
- Trong trng hp th ti Fb = 293,02 > s b = 29,84 ( N/mm2 )
- Trong trng hp vn hnh bnh thng Fb = 293,02 > s b = 23,58 ( N/mm2 )
Kt lun :
Ti mt ct A A ( u ct ) , trong cc trng hp chu ti ct hon ton
kh nng chu lc
4.1.4.7 Kim tra ti mt ct B-B chn ct :
a ) Lc nn do tng ti trng thng ng tc dng ln mi ct :
Po =
W
N
Lc nn khi k n ti trng gi :
P g=
W 4.Wg .l
.
N
N .Do
Trong :
- Po l lc nn ti u ct sinh ra do tc dng ca ti trng thng
ng
- Pg l lc nn khi c them tc dng ca gi
- W l tng ti trng thng ng tc dng ln ct c tnh them trng
lng bn thn ca ct Wct
LP : 53CB1
43
N B CHA
Wct = A.l.7,85
Wct = 33590,25.10-6.13,026.7,85= 3,435 (T ) = 33694 ( N )
- N l ct b , N = 8
- Wg l ti trng gi , Wg = 164085 ( N )
- l l chiu di on ct lin kt vi b cha, l = 3000 (mm)
- Do l ng knh ngoi ca b , Do= 2.(10960 +66) = 22052 (mm)
* Trong trng hp th p lc
W = W1 +W2+ W4 + Wct = 7483068+117720+54067460 + 33694,8
= 61866028 ( N )
Lc nn ti mt ct B B :
Po =
W 61866028
=
= 7712742,8 ( N )
N
8
P g=
W 4.Wg .l 61866028 4.164085.3000
= 7723904,1 ( N )
N
N .Do
8
8.22052
= 7701581,6 ( N )

W = W1 + W2 + W3 + Wct = 74830682 + 117720 + 2725000+33694,8
= 35048568( N )
Lc nn ti mt ct B B :
Po =
W 35048568
=
= 4360560,3 ( N )
N
8
LP : 53CB1
44
N B CHA
P g=
W 4.Wg .l 35048568 4.164085.3000
= 4371721,6 ( N )
N
N .Do
8
8.22052
= 4349399,1( N )
b ) M men lch tm u ct :
M=
S .R.Po .(1 - m )
.
E
Trong :
- Po l lc nn ti u ct sinh ra do tc dng ca cc ti trng
thng ng.
- R l bn knh ngoi ca b cha ti im B , R = 11024 (mm).
- l h s poission, m=0,3
- E l m un n hi ca thp , E=2,1.105 (MPa).
- S: ng sut trong phn t v ti im xch o ( im B )
S=
0,5.P.R + F
+ 0,25.P.
ts
- P : p sut trong ca b cha, (N/mm2).

P=1,6 (N/mm2), trong trng thi vn hnh bnh thng.
P=2,4 (N/mm2), trong trng thi th p lc.
- ts : B dy thnh b cha ti im tnh ton, ts= 64(mm)
* Trong trng hp th p lc nc
S=
0,5.2,4.11024 + 53,47
+ 0,25.2,4 = 208,14 ( N/mm2 )
64
M men lch tm :
M=
208,14.11024.7712742.(1 - 0,3)
= 60886646,7 ( N.mm )
2,1.105
LP : 53CB1
45
N B CHA
* Trong trng thi hot ng bnh thng

S=
0,5.1,6.11024 + 53,47
+ 0,25.1,6 = 143,51 ( N/mm2 )
64
M men lch tm :
M=
143,51.11024.4360560,4.(1 - 0,3)
= 22995089 ( N.mm )
2,1.105
c )Kim tra kh nng chu nn

Theo tiu chun AISC, ng sut cho php ca ct tnh theo cng thc sau:
( )
Kl
1 r .F
y
2.Cc2
.
Fa =
3
Kl
Kl
5 3.
r r
+
3
8.Cc
8.Cc3
( ) ( )
Trong :
- Fa l ng sut cho php dung cho ti trng tnh (N/mm2)
- K l h s chiu di tnh ton, k = 0,8
- l l chiu di thc ca ct, l=13026 (mm)
- Cc: H s k n s lm vic n hi do ca vt liu, tnh theo
cng thc:
0,5
12.p 2 .E
Cc =
.
F
y
- r : Bn knh qun tnh ca ct , r = 264,4(mm).

- E: M un n hi ca vt liu,E=2,1.105 (N/mm2).
- Fy: Cng gii hn chy ca vt liu, Fy=448 (N/mm2)
LP : 53CB1
46
N B CHA
Thay s vo ta c :
12.p 2 .2,1.105
Cc =
448
0,5
= 235,62.
Kl 0,8.13024
=
= 39,4
r
264,4
Ta thy
Kl
= 39,4 < Cc = 235,62
r
Vy cng thc trn c p dng

2
9369,6

264,97
1 -
* 448
2 * 235,62 2
Fa =
.
3
9369,6
9369,6
264,97
264,97
5 3
+ *
3 8
235,62
8 * 235,62 3
Fa = 255,51 (N/mm2)
ng sut nn mt ct B B l :
sn =
Pg
A
M 7723904,1 60886646,7
=
+
= 239,82 ( N/mm2 )
6
Wc 33590,25
6,16.10
sn =
Pg
A
M 4371721,6 22995089
=
+
= 133,88 ( N/mm2 )
6
Wc 33590,25
6,16.10
Ta thy :
- Trong trng hp th ti Fa =255,51 > s n =239,82 ( N/mm2 )
- Trong trng hp vn hnh bnh thng Fa =255,51 > s n = 133,88 ( N/mm2 )
LP : 53CB1
47
N B CHA
Kt lun :
Trong cc trng hp vn hnh ,ct b hon ton kh nng chu nn
d ) kim tra kh nng chu un
Theo ( TL [ 2 ] ) tiu chun AISC , kh nng chu un cho php ca ct l
Ta c :
F .D
448.762
Fb = 0,72 - 0,58 y o .Fy = 0,72 - 0,58

.448 = 293,02 ( N/mm2 )
5
E.t
2,1.10 .14,3
ng sut do m men un ti mt ct A A l :
sb =
M 2.Wg .l 60886646,7 2.164085.13026

+
=
+
= 96,58 ( N/mm2 )
6
6
Wc N .Wb
6,16.10
8.6,16.10
sb =
M 2.Wg .l 22995089 2.164085.13026

+
=
+
= 90,43 ( N/mm2 )
6
6
Wc N .Wb
6,16.10
8.6,16.10
Ta thy :
- Trong trng hp th ti Fb = 293,01 > s b = 96,58 ( N/mm2 )
- Trong trng hp vn hnh bnh thng Fb = 293,02 > s b = 90,43 ( N/mm2 )
Kt lun :
Ti mt ct B B ( chn ct ) , trong cc trng hp chu ti ct hon ton
kh nng chu lc
4.2. Tnh ton v thit k h thanh ging c tng chng ti trng ngang
S dng thanh ging c ng knh 32 mm theo ASME B1.1 Bng 8
Din tch chu ko As = 625 mm2
Vt liu s dng theo tiu chun vt liu JIS G3101 SS400 c Fy = 235 Mpa
LP : 53CB1
48
N B CHA
4.2.1 Tnh ton lc ko thanh ging
Lc cng trong thanh ging c tnh theo cng thc sau:

T=
2.Wg C
. .
N B
Trong :
- T l lc cng trong thanh ging.
- Wg l ti trng ngang do gi, Wg = 164085 ( N )
- C l chiu di thanh ging, C = 11997 (mm).
- N l s lng ct b cha, N = 8
- B l khong cch gia hai ct lin tip, B = 8439 (mm).
Thay s vo ta c :
T=
2.164085.11997
= 58316,4 ( N ).
8.8439
LP : 53CB1
49
N B CHA
4.2.8 Kim tra ng sut ko trong thanh ging :
sk =
T
.
As
ng sut chu ko cho php ca thanh ging

Ft = 0,6.Fy = 0,6.235 = 141 (N/mm2 )
Thay s vo ta c :
sk =
58316,4
= 93,3( mm 2 )
625
Ta thy k = 93,3 < 141 ( N /mm2 )

Kt lun :
Thanh ging hon ton kh nng chu ko
4.2.8 Tnh ton cht ( cho chi tit 1 )
Theo tiu chun vt liu JIS G3101 SS400
ng knh cht c tnh theo cng thc sau :
0,5
T
D p = 0,8. .
t
p
Trong :
- Dp : ng knh cht, (mm).
- T : Lc ct gy ra ti cht do thanh ging, T = 58316,4( N ).
- tp : ng sut chu ct cho php :
t p = 0,4.Fy = 0,4.235 = 94 (MPa) = 94(N/mm2).

Thay s vo ta c:
58316,4
D p = 0,8.
94
0,5
= 19,93 ( mm ) .
ng knh thc ca cht:

LP : 53CB1
50
dp =
Dp
0,7
N B CHA
19,93
= 28,47 (mm).
0,7
Chn ng knh ca cht l : 32 mm.

4.2.8 Tnh ton chi tit 1
Theo tiu chun vt liu JIS G3101 SS400

Tnh ton chiu dy thp cho chi tit
tb =
T
d p .t b
Trong :
- tb : Chiu dy bn, (mm).
- dp :ng knh cht, (mm).
- tb : Kh nng chu ct, ly tb=0,9.Fy= 0,9.235= 211,5(N/mm2).
Thay s vo ta c:
tb =
58316,4
= 8,62 ( mm ) .
32.211,5
Chn chiu dy bn l : 10(mm).

Din tch chu ko ca bn khi tr i phn gim yu:
LP : 53CB1
51
N B CHA
32
Ab = 2.150 - .10 = 2680 ( mm 2 ) .

2
ng sut ko trong chi tit bn :
ss =
T 58316,4
=
= 21,76 ( N /mm2 )
As
2680
ng sut chu ct cho php

tpa= 0,4.Fy=0,4.235= 94(N/mm2).
So snh :
s s = 21,76 < t pa = 94 ( N /mm2 )
Kt lun :vi chiu dy tb=10mm, chi tit hon ton kh nng chi lc.
4.2.8 Tnh ton v kim tra tm ni thanh ging
Tiu chun vt liu JIS G3101 SS400

La chn s b chiu dy ca bn ni, tbn = 10(mm).
La chn s b chiu cao bn ni, hbn = 150 ( mm )
Din tch mt ct ngang ca bn ni :
Abn = (150 - 32 ) .10 = 1180 (mm2).
ng sut ko ti mt ct F-F l:
LP : 53CB1
52
s kb =
N B CHA
T
58316,4
=
= 49,42 ( N /mm2 )
Abn
1180
ng sut ko cho php ca bn ni:
[s ] = 0,6.F
bn
= 0,6.235 = 141 ( N /mm2 )
So snh :
s kb = 49,42 < [s bn ] = 141 ( N /mm2 )

Kt lun : vi kch thc chn bn ni m bo kh nng chu lc.
4.2.8 La chn tng :
Tng c la chn trn c s cc mu tng c ch to sn v phi
tha mn cc iu kin chu lc c kim tra
4.2.7 Tnh ton tm m chn ct
a ) Phn lc t mt tr b tng ln tm m chn ct
Q=
Pg
Ad
LP : 53CB1
53
N B CHA
Trong :
- Pg l lc nn ti chn ct ( N )
- Ad l din tch tm m ( mm2 )
Ad =
p .(db 2 - d c 2 ) p .(10702 - 7622 )

=
= 443165 ( mm2 )
4
4
Thay s :
* Trong iu kin th ti
Q=
Pg
Ad
7723904,1
= 17,43 ( N /mm2 )
443165
* Trong iu kin hot ng bnh thng

Q=
Pg
Ad
4371721,6
= 9,87 ( N /mm2 )
443165
b ) ng sut un ca tm
3.Q.L2
s= 2
t
Trong :
- s : ng sut ca tm m.
L=
db - d c 1070 - 762
=
= 154 ( mm ) .
2
2
- Chiu dy tm m : t=70 (mm).

- ng knh tm m : db = 1070 (mm )
Thay s vo ta c:
* Trong iu kin th p lc:
s =
3.17,43.1542
= 253,1 ( N /mm2 )
2
70

LP : 53CB1
54
N B CHA
3.9,87.1542
s=
= 142,44 ( N /mm2 )
2
70
c) ng sut cho php ca tm m:
* Trong iu kin th p lc:
Fb = 1,25.Fy = 1,25.235 = 293,75 ( N/mm2 )
Ta thy s = 253,1 < Fb = 293,75 ( N/mm2 )
Fb = 0,66.Fy = 0,66.235 = 155,1 ( N/mm2 )
Ta thy s = 142,44 < Fb = 155,1 ( N/mm2 )
Kt lun :
Vi b dy bn m t = 70 mm, bn m tha mn chu un trong cc iu kin
ti trng khc nhau
4.2.8 Tnh ton lin kt hn:
a ) Mi hn gia tm cht v ct
Ta c cng thc tnh ng sut ct ca mi hn:
T .sin 45o
tW =
.
lW .tW
Trong :
- lW : L chiu di ng hn, lW = 500(mm).
- tW : L chiu cao mi hn, tW=10(mm).
- T : Lc ct, T = 57879,23(N).
Thay s vo ta c:
tW =
58316,4.sin 45o
= 8,25 ( N/mm2 )
500.10
LP : 53CB1
55
N B CHA
ng sut cho php ca mi hn:
t a = 0,4.Fy = 0,4.235 = 94
Ta thy t w = 8,25 < t a = 94 ( N/mm2 )
Kt lun : Mi hn m bo chu lc
b ) mi hn gia b v u ct
Chiu di cung ng hn ca ct vi b l :
R -d
Lw = ar cos o
.Ro
R
o
Trong :
- Ro l bn knh ngoi ca b
Thay s :
R -d
11024 - 415
Lw = ar cos o
.Ro = ar cos
.11024 = 3035 ( mm )
R
11024
ng sut ct trong mi hn
tW =
P.sin 45o
lW .tW
Trong :
- P l lc nn u ct ,
- Lw l chiu di ng hn , Lw = 3035 ( mm )
- Tw l chiu cao ng hn , tw = 20 ( mm )
* Trong iu kin th p lc nc
P = 7719692,2 ( N )
tW =
P.sin 45o 7719692,2.sin 45o

=
= 89,9 ( Mpa )
lW .tW
3035.20

LP : 53CB1
56
N B CHA
P = 4367509,7 ( N )
P.sin 45o 4367509,7.sin 45o
tW =
=
= 50,8 ( Mpa )
lW .tW
3035.20
ng sut cho php :
t a = 0,4.Fy = 0,4.235 = 94 ( Mpa )

Ta thy :
Trong iu kin th p lc nc t w = 89,9( Mpa) < t a = 94( Mpa)
Trong iu kin vn hnh t w = 50,8( Mpa) < t a = 94( Mpa )
Kt lun :
Mi hn u ct tha mn bn , m bo kh nng chu lc
LP : 53CB1
57
N B CHA
CHNG 5
THIT K MNG CHO B
5.1 La chn phng n mng

Chn phng n mng cc
5.2 Xc nh ti trng
-
Trng lng bn thn ca b: P1 = 762,8T
Trng lng thit b
: P2 = 12 T
Trng lng kh ha lng
: P3 = 2777.77 T
Trng lng nc th ti
: P4 = 5511.5 T
Ti trng gi
: P5 = 16.7 T
Ti trng trn phi chia cho 8 tnh mng cho ct.

Lc x ngang ln i:
Qo =
Wg
N
16.7
= 2.1 (T)
8
Lc nn ln nht ln u cc ( Trong iu kin th p lc nc)

P = 787,4 (T)
M = 6,2 ( Tm)
5.3 La chn s b kch thc cc
Do cng trnh c ti trng ln d kin s dng loi cc c tit din: 0,45x0,45
L loi cc c sn BTCT
su d kin khong 40m, k t cao san nn t nhin. Cc gm 4 on, mi
on di 10m
5.4 S liu a cht
a cht ca cng trnh c m t nh sau:
LP : 53CB1
58
N B CHA
t lp bao gm: B tng dm

Ct ht th mu nu, kt cu ri rc
0.00
-1.50
Bn st mu xm xanh, xm en
ln hu c v s
- 14.5
St mu xm xanh, m vng
trng thi chy do
- 31.0
St pha mu xm xi mng xen kp

Cc ct mn
- 38.5
Ct ht va mu trng c. Trng
thi bo ho nc, kt cu cht
Bng 4.1 kt qu xuyn tiu chun SPT
Lp
___
su(m)
Gi tr Ni
Gi tr N
15.00 - 15.45
2.27
16.50 16.95
18.00 - 18.45
19.50 - 19.95
21.00 - 21.45
22.50 - 22.95
24.00 - 24.45
25.50 - 25.95
27.00 - 27.45
28.50 - 28.95
LP : 53CB1
59
N B CHA
30.00 - 30.45
31.50 - 31.95
33.00 - 33.45
34.50 - 34.95
36.00 - 36.45
37.50 - 37.95
39.00 - 39.45
40
40.50 - 40.95
35
42.00 - 42.45
34
43.50 - 43.95
38
45.00 - 45.45
37
4.2
36.8
5.5 Xc nh su y i
Kim tra lc x ngang ln i cc
iu kin kim tra lc x ngang ln i cc:
j
Q
hmd 0,7tg (45 - ).
2 g .Bd
Trong :
- hm : chiu su chn i, tnh t mt t
- : l gc ma st ca lp t th nht, ly = 0
- Q : tng lc x ngang ln i cc: Qo = 2.1 ( T)
-
: l trng lng ring ca lp t chn i, = 1.8 (T)
b : l b rng i hay ng knh i (i vi i trn)
Thay s ta c:
LP : 53CB1
60
N B CHA
j
Q
0
2,1
hmd 0,7tg (45 - ).
= 0,7tg (45 - ).
= 0.44 ( m)
2 g .Bd
2 1,8.3,8
KL: B qua lc x ngang do gi gy ra trong tnh ton mng, v khi t chn i
chu ton b lc x ngang
Vy ta chn s b hm= 1,5 ( m )
5.6 Xc nh sc chu ti ca cc:

V lp s 1 bao gm b tng dm,ct ht th mu nu,lp t ny phn b
rng khp trn ton b khu vc xy dng cng trnh v c b dy trung bnh l 1.5m.
Do b dy mng v l lp t p san nn nn tnh n nh km v vy khng c nhiu
ngha trong cng tc xy dng.
Cn c vo ti trng cng trnh v iu kin a cht ti ni xy dng cng
trnh ta d nh s h cc vo lp t s 5 l lp ct ht va mu trng c,trng thi
bo ha nc,kt cu cht, y l lp t tt. Chiu di d kin ban u ca cc l
40m ( bn on on, mi on 10m). Sau khi ng n su thit k s p v
u cc 0,6m ngm vo i cc
Sc chu ti ca cc theo iu kin a cht cng trnh c tnh theo
phng php dng kt qu th nghim xuyn (SPT) ca Meyerhof
Da vo kt qu xuyn tiu chun SPT ( Ni & Nn)
v
Sc chu ti ca cc theo t nn (theo kt qu th nghim SPT)
gm 2 thnh phn sau:

+ Qs : tng lc khng bn quanh cc
+ Qc : lc khng ti mi cc
a. Sc chu ti do ma st bn Qs
n
1
= ui .li .K 2 .N i
b. Sc chu ti ca mi cc Qc
Qc = K1.Nn.F
Trong :
-
ui : chu vi tit din cc
LP : 53CB1
61
N B CHA
li : chiu di cc trong lp t m cc xuyn qua
F : din tch chng mi mt ct cc
K1(kN/m2) : H s = 400 (cc ng), 120 ( cc nhi)
K2(kN/m2) : H s = 2 (cc ng), 1( cc nhi)
Ni,Nn : tr s SPT ca cc lp t ri dc theo thn v mi cc

Cn c vo s liu a cht cho thy rng lp t th 1 v lp t th 2 c gi tr
xuyn tiu chun l bng khng. Do 2 lp t ny b qua trong qu trnh tnh ton
sc chu ti ca cc. Cc d tnh c xuyn qua lp th 5 vi chiu di cc trong lp
5 phi
3.d_ Trong tnh ton ta chon chiu dy cc trong lp V l : 3 m
Ta c sc chu ti do ma st bn Qs ca cc c tnh nh sau:

Qs = 1 = ui .li .K 2 .N i
n
= (1,6.16,5.2.2,27+1,6.7,5.2.4,2+1,6.4.2.36,8)
= 119,8 + 100,8 + 471 = 691,6 (kN ) = 70,5 ( T )
i vi sc khng mi cc cn c vo kt qu SPT c tnh theo cng thc
Qc = K1.Nn.F
= 400.36.0,42 = 2304 ( KN) = 234,8 (T)
Kt qu tnh ton c th hin trong bng sau:
su
(m)
___
ui
li
Ni
___
Nn
Qs
Qc
(m2)
(kN)
(kN)
(m)
(m)
15,0
30,45
0,45x4
16,5
2,27
0,45x0,45
119,8
31,50
37,95
0,45x4
7,5
4,2
0,45x0,45
100,8
39,00
42,50
0,45x4
1,5
36,8
0,45x0,45
471
36
2304
Sau khi tnh c cc gi tr , sc chu ti cc s c tnh theo cng thc sau:

Pa =
Qs Qc
+
- Wcoc
2
3
LP : 53CB1
62
N B CHA
Trong :
- Pa l sc chu ti ca cc
- Wcoc l trng bn thn cc trong t
Wcoc = 42.0,4.0,4.2,5=16,4 (T )
Pa =
Qs Qc
70,5 234,8
+
- 16,4 = 97,2 (T)
+
- Wcoc =
2
3
2
3
v Sc chu ti ca cc theo vt liu

B tng cc : mc 300#, c Rn = 130 ( kG/cm2 )
Thp cc v i cc: thp AII, c Ra = 2800kG/cm2
Cc tit din 40x40 cm
Chn 816
Ta c:
=> Fa = 2.8.04= 16,08 cm2

Pvl = m.(Rn.Fb+Ra.Fa) = 1.(130.402 +2800.16,082) = 253,1 (T )
Trong :
-
Rn l cng chu nn ca b tng
Ra l cng chu nn ca thp
Fa l din tch ct thp trong cc
Fb l din tch ca b tng trong cc
Kt lun: Vy sc chu ti ca cc c chn: [P] = Min (Pa &PVL,P) = 97,2 (T)

5.7 Xc nh s lng cc trong mng
S lng cc trong mng (n) yu cu phi c tnh ton s b da trn tc
dng ca ti trng ln nht tc dng ln b. Trn c s phn tnh ton ti trng b c
ti trng ln nht khi kim tra thy lc.
Vic b tr cc trong mng phi c thc hin trn nguyn tc sau:
- Ph hp vi c im ti trng cng trnh

- Ti trng truyn ln ct khng vt qu sc chu ng cho php ca cc
- Khong cch gia cc cc
3d v
6d ( d l cnh hay ng knh cc)
LP : 53CB1
63
N B CHA
S lng cc s b c tnh theo cng thc sau:

N 787,4
n= =
8 ( cc )
[P]
97,2
Chn s lng cc n =9 ( cc )
5.8 Tnh s lng v b tr cc
Chn 9 cc v b tr kiu li nh hnh v:
Ti trng tnh ton ti y mng:

No = 787,4 (T)
Gd = 3,8.3,8.1,5.2=43,3 (T)
p lc tip xc di y mng
N M . y M .x
Pi = n x i n y i
n
y2
x2
i =1
Pmax,min =
i =1
787,4 + 43,3 6,2.1,5
9
6.1,52
LP : 53CB1
64
N B CHA
Pmax = 93( T )
Pmin = 91,6 ( T )
Vy tha mn iu kin :
Pmax= 93T < [P] = 97,2(T)
5.9 Tnh ton kim tra cc

- Khi vn chuyn:
q= n..F.1
a =0.207xl
a
12
1.85Tm
1,85Tm
Trong :
n- l h s ng
- khi lng ring ca cc
F- din tch tit din cc
V th q = n..F = 1,5.2,5.0,4.0.4 = 0, 6 T/m
a = 0,207.l = 0.207.12 = 2,484 m
M1 = 0,5.q.a2 = 0,5.0, 6.2,4842 = 1,85( Tm)
- Khi treo ln gi ba
b = 0,29.l = 0,29.12= 3,48 m
M2 = 0,5qb2 = 0,5.0, 6.3,482 = 4,42 ( Tm )
Ta thy M2> M1 nn ta ly M2 lm gi tr tnh ton
LP : 53CB1
65
N B CHA
b = 3,48m
11
4.42Tm
4.42Tm
Ly lp bo v ct thp cc l 4 cm, ho=40-4 = 36( cm )

Din tch ct thp l
Fa =
4,42
M2
=
= 4,87.10-4 (m2 ) =4,87 (cm2 )
0,9.Ra .h 0 0,9.28000.0,36
Vy Fa= 4,87 cm2 < 316 = 6,03( cm2 )

Kt lun: thp s dng m bo cho qu trnh thi cng cu
5.10 Kim tra i cc:
Tnh ton kim tra i cc di ct c coi l cng v lm vic nh bn cng
xn ngm ti mp ct tng chu lc tc dng l cc lc tp trung chn ct tng v
Pi cc u cc.
C th xy ra cc kh nng i b ph hoi l
Ph hoi theo tit din ng
Ph hoi theo tit din nghing
5.10.1 Kim tra cng trn tit din nghing iu kin m thng
a. Ct m thng i
Tha mn iu kin :Pt < Pcdt
Pcdt = [a1 (bc + c2 ) + a 2 (hc + c1 ) ] ho .Rk
2
( theo BTCT II )
h
h
Vi a1 = 1,5. 1 + 0 , a 2 = 1,5. 1 + 0
c1
c2
LP : 53CB1
66
N B CHA
bc, hc l kch thc ca ct

ho chiu cao lm vic ca i , ho = 1,1m
Pdt =0 do cc cc u nm trong thp m thng
Nn tha mn iu kin chc thng
b. Hng cc m thng i
Tha mn iu kin :Pt < Pcdt
Pdt = 3.Pmax =3.93 =279 ( T )
Ta c : b = 3,8 > bc +2.ho = 1,2 + 2.1,1 = 3,4 ( m )
Nn Pcdt = ( bc +h0 ).ho.Rk = ( 1,2 + 1,1 ). 1,1. 88 = 300 ( T )
Vy tha mn iu kin chc thng
5.10.2 Tnh ton cng trn tit din thng ng tnh ct thp i
Pi =
N 787,4 + 43,3
=
= 92,3 (T)
n
9
Pmax = 92 ( T )
- Xt theo mt ct 2-2 ta c
Mng = r1.(P3+P6+P9) =3. Pmax .0,5= 3.93.0,9 = 251,1Tm
LP : 53CB1
67
N B CHA
Chn H = 1200(mm), chn a =100(mm) => ho = 1100 (mm)

Din tch ct thp theo phng cnh L l:
Fa =
M ng
0,9.Ra .h 0
251,1
= 9,06.10-3 ( m2 )= 90,6 ( cm2 )
0,9.28000.1,1
T chn 3020 c din tch ct thp l Fa= 94,2 cm2, a =120 mm, l =3600 mm
Hm lng ct thp:
=
Fa
94,2
=
.100% =0,22%
b.ho 380.110
Hm lng ct thp tha mn >

-
= 0.1 %
Xt theo mt ct 1- 1 ta c :
Mng = (P1+P2+P3).r2 = 3.Pi.0,5 = 3. 92,3.0,9 =249,2Tm
Din tch ct thp yu cu theo phng cnh ngn l:

Fa =
M ng
0,9.Ra .h 0
249,2
= 8,99.10-3 ( m2 )= 89,9 ( cm2 )
0,9.28000.1,1
T chn 3020 c din tch ct thp l Fa= 94,2 cm2, a =120 mm, l =3600 mm
Hm lng ct thp
=
Fa
94,2
=
.100% =0,22%
b.ho 380.110
Hm lng ct thp tha mn >
= 0.1 %
LP : 53CB1
68
N B CHA
CHNG 6
THIT K BNG MY TNH
6.1 Ti trng tc dng ln b

6.1.1 Ti trng bn thn ca b cha
My t ng tnh
6.1.2 Ti trng ca LPG cha trong b cha :
Khi vn hnh , lng kh ha lng c th cha ti a trong b l 90% th tch b
vi = 0,56 T/m3
6.1.3 Ti trng nc khi th p lc :
Khi th p lc th th tch nc ng bng th tch ca b cha vi nc = 1T/m3
6.1.4 Ti trng ca cc thit b cng ngh
W = 12T
6.1.5 p lc ca cht lng
c tnh ton vi mc nc cao nht cha trong b h = 17,63 m
6.1.6 Ti trng gi tc dng ln thn b
Tnh ton ti trng gi theo tiu chun TCVN 2737-95 ta c
Gi tr tiu chun thnh phn tnh ca gi :
Wg = .Wo.k.c.As
Trong :
- Wg l gi tr tnh ton thnh phn tnh ca ti trng gi
- Wo l gi tr p lc gi trn 1m2
- k l h s tnh n s thay i ca p lc gi theo cao
- c l h s kh ng ly theo bng 6 (TCVN 2797-95)
- As l din tch chn gi hiu qu (m2)
LP : 53CB1
69
N B CHA
- Ro l bn knh ngoi ca b cha (m)

-
l h s tin cy ca ti trng gi, ly = 1.2
p lc gi l Wo= 115 daN/m2

v Xc nh h s K
Tra bng 5 (TCVN 2737-95)
v Xc nh h s c
Tra bng 6, cho b c dng hnh cu
Kt qu tnh ton ti trng gi theo 2737 -1995 ta c :
Fx = 10,78(T )
Fy = 10,96(T )
Tng ti trng gi tc dng ln b
Ti trng gi tnh theo quy phm l
F =
10,782 + 10,962 = 15,37(T )
F = 16,72(T )
Vy l tnh theo 2 cch l tng ng nhau.

6.2 T hp ti trng
T hp
Bn
LPG
thn
Nc
Thit b
Gi
th p
p lc
p lc
trong
ngoi
lc
Combo1
Combo2
Combo3
Combo4
Combo5
x
x
x
x
x
LP : 53CB1
x
x
70
N B CHA
6.3 TNH TON TRN SAP 2000
Hnh 6.1 S hnh hc b 2500 T
LP : 53CB1
71
N B CHA
Hnh 6.2 S11 combo1( S11 min =115,556N/mm2 ,S11 max =147,31 N/mm2 )
Hnh 6.3 S22 combo1( s11 min =33,96 N/mm2 ,s11 max = 279,57N/mm2 )
LP : 53CB1
72
N B CHA
Hnh 6.4 S12 combo1( S11 min = -17,714 N/mm2 , S11 max = 17,74 N/mm2
Hnh 6.5 ng sut ti u ct ( Smax = 207.87 N/mm2 )
LP : 53CB1
73
N B CHA
Hnh 6.6 phn lc chn ct

Kt qu ni lc tnh t phn mm Sap 2000
Combo1
Combo1
Pmax( T )
Mmax( Tm )
Pmax( T )
Mmax( Tm )
Quy phm
Sap2000
445,6
446,4
6,2
12,6
787,4
787
6,2
14
Kt lun : kt qu ni lc c tnh theo 2 phng php l tng ng nhau

v Kim tra bn thn b
Kt qu ng sut thnh b
bn thn b c kim tra theo cng thc sau:
Trong :
- s1, s2, t ln lt l cc ng sut php S11, S22 max v ng sut tip max S12
LP : 53CB1
74
N B CHA
- gc h s lm vic (gc = 1)
- R cng chy do ca thp b ( R = 260N/mm2 )
Kt qu ng sut thnh b
T hp
Combo1
S11max
S22max
S12max
2
R
2
( N/mm )
( N/mm )
( N/mm )
( N/mm )
( N/mm )
147,31
279,57
17,74
242,3
260
Kt lun
Tha
mn
Vy chiu dy thn b tnh theo quy phm c kim tra li bng phn mm
Sap2000, kt qu tnh ton theo quy phm v my tnh l tng ng nhau
LP : 53CB1
75
N B CHA
Ti liu tham kho

1. Tiu chn ASME section VIII DIVISION 2
2. Tiu chun vt liu ASME section II part D
3. Tiu chun vt liu ASTM A516 Gr 70
4. Tiu chun vt liu API 5L
5. TCVN 2737 -1995 Ti trng v tc ng - Tiu chun thit k
6. TCXD 205 -1998 Mng cc Tiu chun thit k
7. Kt cu b tng ct thp ( phn cu kin c bn ) PGS.TS Phan Quang Minh
LP : 53CB1
76

Do An Be Chua Nuoc Tren Cao

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VIN XY DNG CNG TRNH BIN

VIN XY DNG CNG TRNH BIN

3.3.1 La chn hnh dng l m trn thn b cha:......................................22

La chn gii php thit k l m :........................................................23

3.3.5 La chn vt liu cho thnh l m v gia cng: .................................24

La chn s tr cho b cha :....................................................36

Lin kt gia tr v b cha : .........................................................37

Lin kt gia cc tr vi nhau:..................................................37

4.1.4.5 Tnh ton cc c trng hnh hc ca ct : ................................37

Kim tra ti mt ct A-A ti u ct:.............................................38

Kim tra ti mt ct B-B chn ct :.............................................43

La chn tng : ..................................................................................53

4.2.7 Tnh ton tm m chn ct....................................................................53

VIN XY DNG CNG TRNH BIN

4.2.8 Tnh ton lin kt hn:.............................................................................55

S liu a cht ..................................................................................................58

5.6 Xc nh sc chu ti ca cc:........................................................................61

NHM THC HIN : NHM 21

VIN XY DNG CNG TRNH BIN

B cha hnh tr ( tr ng, tr ngang hnh v ) .

B hnh cu, hnh git nc, (xem hnh v di) .

Hnh 1.1B cha tr ng .

Hnh 1.2 B cha tr ngang

NHM THC HIN : NHM 21

VIN XY DNG CNG TRNH BIN

Hnh 1.3 B cha cu .

Hnh 1.4 B cha hnh git nc .

B cha cu : Dng cha hi ho lng vi p sut d Pd = 0.25 1.8 MPa, chng

NHM THC HIN : NHM 21

VIN XY DNG CNG TRNH BIN

* Ngoi ra cn c cch phn loi theo v tr trong khng gian : cao hn mt t (t

NHM THC HIN : NHM 21

VIN XY DNG CNG TRNH BIN

: B cu bng thp t trn h tr .

- Trng lng ring ln nht ca LPG g

- Trng lng ring nh nht ca LPG gm : 0,504 (T/m3).

- p sut ngoi thit k Potk

- Chiu dy n mn cho php bn trong i : 1,5(mm).

: Ton b chiu di ng hn 100%

: 90% th tch bnh

2.2 Tiu chun v quy phm phc v cho vic thit k

VIN XY DNG CNG TRNH BIN

2.2.3 Tiu chun vt liu cho thn bn

NHM THC HIN : NHM 21

VIN XY DNG CNG TRNH BIN

Wg : Gi tr tiu chun thanh phn tnh ca ti trng gi

k : L h s tnh n s thay i ca p lc gi theo cao ly

theo bng 5 (TCVN 2737 95 )

c : H s kh ng ly theo bng 6 (TCVN 2737 95 )

As l din tch chn gi hiu qu ( m2 )

Ro l ng knh ngoi ca b cha

H s tin cy ca ti trng gi ly bng 1,2.

Ri: Bn knh trong ca b cha, Ri = 10,96 (m).

a0: khong cch t ct 0.00 n y b cha, ao = 2(m).

Tra bng 5 ( TCVN 2737 -95 ) vi dng a hnh B ta c : k=1,05

NHM THC HIN : NHM 21

VIN XY DNG CNG TRNH BIN

Hnh dng gi tc dng ln mt na b cha

NHM THC HIN : NHM 21

VIN XY DNG CNG TRNH BIN

3.1.1.2 Tnh din tch chn gi hiu qu:

T bng 6, ta thy din tch chn gi hiu qu mt n gi tng ng vi

Din tch ht gi hiu qu ng vi gc b=300