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Prepared by:

Andrew Carl Obaa Mathew Isaac Ramirez Kryss Roneil Saldaa William Tila Marie Angela Peniel Que Leodilyn Joy Razon Shiela May Ricafranca Angela Denise Robles Judieann Tasi

We have taken efforts in this project. However, it would not have been possible without the kind support and help of many individuals. We would like to extend our sincere thanks to all of them. We would like to thank Mrs. Marissa Tadeja, who had given us so much information in making this project. To Almighty God, who gave us wisdom and

We also wanted to thank our families who inspired, encouraged and fully supported us in every trial that came our way. Also, we thank them for giving us not just financial, but moral and spiritual support. To our group mates who willingly helped us gather the necessary data and information needed for this compilation, we thank you.

To use d-limonene as an ingredient to make an insect repellent to avoid diseases coming from insects and help the community reduce the number of insects swarming in the city. By using an organic substance coming from citrus fruits like oranges, lemons, mandarin, lime, grapefruits

Also, this experiment will give us ideas that can make this product more beneficial to the people that are living in rigid areas mostly in riverbanks. As a non-toxic substance to humans, it will not harm them or give any disturbing odor but instead it will bring fragrance to our homes and the community.

Background of the Study: This study examines on how dlimonene from citrus fruits like orange, lemon, mandarin, lime, and grapefruit can be used as an insect repellant. Dlimonene is also considered to have fairly low toxicity. It is obtained as a byproduct of citrus juice industry. It is the major component of the oil extracted from the rinds of citrus fruits.

When citrus fruits are juiced, the oil is extracted out of the rind. The juice is separated from the oil and is distilled to recover certain flavor and fragrance compounds. After the juicing process, the peels are taken to a steam extractor. When the steam is condensed, a layer of oil fills on the surface of the condensed water. Pure d-limonene is lighter than water, and is usually colorless.

The product has a boiling range of 310352 F and is considered as a combustible liquid. It is also not soluble in water (unless a surfactant is added). Adding water to d-limonene raises the flash point. Thus, making the products. As a water dilutable and rinsable solution, dlimonene must first be combined with a surfactant. These products are mostly used in household and institutional settings in place of caustic and other

Both pre-diluted solutions of d-limonene / surfactant and concentrated solutions which need to be diluted before use can be made. D-Limonene is a much safer product for use than most other solvents. It is much less toxic than mineral spirits. D-Limonene is also non-caustic and nonreactive to metal surfaces. It has been classified as a slight skin irritant, but it is not carcinogenic or mutagenic. It is biodegradable, but due to its low flash point, it must be treated as hazardous

It does not contain any ozone depleting chemicals but is currently regulated as a VOC. D-Limonene has a zero net global warming potential and is an environmentally preferable product (EPP) used as is or as part of an EPP formulation. D-limonene's safety record and effectiveness make it an excellent replacement for a number of other industrial solvents that may have problems with toxicity, flammability and waste disposal.

Because it is extracted from naturally occurring sources (citrus fruit peels), it is use as a cleaning solvent does not result in the release into the environment of any more materials than would occur naturally. Using naturally derived solvents as cleaning agents is the ultimate in source reduction. D-limonene is extremely safe and more effective than most cleaning solutions. It is a very versatile chemical which can be used for a wide variety of applications.

Statement of the Problem: Insects may be among the smallest creatures on the earth, but they pose one of the biggest problems for home owners. Many insects or pests have only become a problem because of the direct actions on humans. Modifying these actions can often substantially reduce the problem. The classification of an insect as a pest is a subjective one, based on its potential damage to human purposes or natural

Pest insects can: damage or kill agricultural crops, ornamental plants, or native plants in situ; consume and/or damage harvested food; cause illness or unproductively in agricultural animals (ie: cattle); and vector human diseases or cause pain.

Significance of the Study: This study would help us to lessen the insect problems that we have been experiencing at home. This could also accommodate us in avoiding diseases coming from insects. D-Limonene can be an inert wetting agent in oil-based pesticides. At the same time, we can use the d-limonene as a replacement for commercial insecticides. In addition, this product is eco-friendly.

For, it does not contain any cfcs (chlorofluorocarbons) making it not harmful to the environment and also, to decrease global warming. D-limonene is also considered as very safe and effective than other insecticides. It is cheap because we can easily obtain this from citrus fruits. The pleasant citrus aroma of d-limonene can be incorporated to any households. D-limonene is biodegradable, but due to its low flash point, it must be treated as hazardous waste for disposal.

Scope and Delimitation:


This study limits on most people who needed this most. Its main purpose is to help people get rid of their pest problems by spraying it throughout their homes where these insects are found. At the same time, they only spend a little amount of money in order to create this product. The contents in this product are ecofriendly and biodegradable.

Hypothesis:
D-limonene is an effective alternative mosquito repellant for people sensitive to the Deet based bug spray. It can be obtained by juicing or extracting out of the fruit itself. By doing so, you will get a colorless substance from the extracted fruit. Furthermore, it will give us a fragrant odor that is pleasant to their senses. This product is also non-toxic. Therefore, making it eco-friendly. This spray is safe for all members of the family 6 months and

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