Honors Chemistry

Name: Elise Chan Period:3 Date: Nov 4th, 2013

U n i t 3 : C h e m i c a l R e a c t i o n s

Single Replacement Reactions Lab

Purpose: The purpose of this activity is to determine which metals are most reactive and to create an order from most reactive to least reactive. Complete 2 of the reactions from the single replacement lab (1 rxn that did occur and 1 rxn that did not occur) Explain why it did or did not occur, and for the one that did occur answer #6-8 from the lab sheet.

Part II: Reactions with Acids Materials: Metals: Copper Magnesium Zinc Silver Lead Calcium

Solution: hydrochloric acid

Procedures: 1. Determine where H+ should be placed on an activity series by comparing the relative amount of bubbling when added to metals. 2. Create a data table and record your results. Metal + Hydrochloric Acid Copper Silver Lead Zinc Magnesium Reaction Result No Rxn No Rxn No Rxn No Rxn Bubbling/ fizzing; no change in color and remained transparent

Result: Silver did not react with Hydrochloric acid, which can be confirmed when referring back to the Activity Series table for elements, which indicates that silver is less reactive than hydrogen. Therefore solid silver will not react in liquids containing hydrogen. Magnesium did react with hydrochloric acid to bubble, because a single replacement reaction took place and hydrogen was isolated and released as a pure gas. Discussion Questions -For reaction between Hydrochloric acid and Magnesium metal: 6. Write net ionic equations for all the reactions that occurred (highlighting the ones that were supposed to occur that you may not have observed) Net Ionic Equation: Mg2+ + Cl- 2MgCl2 7. For each of the reactions, determine which substances has been oxidized and which one has been reduced as well as which is the oxidizing agent and which is the reducing agent. Oxidized: Magnesium lost 2 electrons Reduced: Hydrogen gained 1 electron Magnesium is the reducing agent, Hydrogen is the oxidizing agent 8. A metal was found in the lab that was missing its labeling tape. In order to determine the identity of the metal several reactions were performed. When the metal was placed in hydrochloric acid, it bubbled. No reaction was noticed when placed in a solution of calcium nitrate. A reaction was observed when placed

in a solution of zinc chloride. What could the metal possibly be? What further test could you run to determine the identity of the metal? The metal is magnesium; it reacts in the presence of hydrogen and zinc, because it reacted in the hydrochloric acid as well as the zinc chloride solution, but does not react with nitrate in a solution of calcium nitrate. We can test to see if it is magnesium by combining it with a solution containing sodium, and a separate mixture of magnesium and a solution containing aluminum; if the magnesium reacts with the solution containing aluminum and does not react with sodium, then the metal is most likely magnesium. Conclusion: This single replacement lab demonstrates how different types of metals react with solutions (hydrochloric acid in particular) differently depending on their element reactivity. I discovered different traits of reactions, namely fizzing in a solution when gas is produced and released.