Spur gears

Objectives
Forces generated by the gear teeth shape. Forces applied to the shaft and to bearings

Force analysis in spur gears

First, it is important to introduce the pitch line speed of gears , which is defined as:

The linear velocity of a point on the pitch circle of the gear

V =dn where V : pitch line velocity, mm/s d : gear dia , mm n: gear speed, rev/s

Force Analysis

Solve example 13-7

4

Force Analysis

Tangential component Wt = Ft32

Applied torque T = d/2 * Wt Power H=T*

Transmitted load (SI) Wt = 60 000 H / dn Wt: kN : kW D: mm N: rpm

7

10

Helical Gears

Helical Gears

Fig. 13.37

Wb

Force analysis
W r = W . sin n W t = W . cos n . cos W a = W . cos n . sin

Wt is usually given and the other forces are desired:

W r = W t . tan t W a = W t . tan Wt W= cos n cos

Worm gears

Objectives
Forces generated by the gear . teeth shape. Forces applied to the shaft and to bearings

Pitch diameter dG = NG pt/ Lead L = px Nw Lead angle tan = L / dw

Without friction

W x = W . cos n . sin W y = W . sin n W z = W . cos n . cos

With friction

W x = W .(cos n . sin + f . cos ) W y = W . sin n W z = W .(cos n . cos f . sin )

Sliding speed

See example in text book

Straight Bevel Gear

Bevel gears are useful when the direction of a shaft's rotation needs to be changed. They are usually mounted on shafts that are 90 degrees apart, but can be designed to work at other angles as well. The teeth on bevel gears can be straight, spiral or hypoid. Straight bevel gear teeth actually have the same problem as straight spur gear teeth -- as each tooth engages, it impacts the corresponding tooth all at once.

Straight Bevel Gear

http://auto.howstuffworks.com/differential2.htm

Straight Bevel Gear Geometry and Nomenclature

Pitch diameters are (measured) calculated at back of gear Pitch angles: tan = (tan )-1 = Np/NG Cone Distance: A0 = (1/2)(dp2+ dG2)1/2 = (1/2P)(Np2+ NG2)1/2 Gear Ratio = NG/Np = tan See Table 13.3 for tooth proportions

Bevel Gear- Force Analysis

Pinion

T Wt = rav
dp F sin rav = 2
rav
F

(F/2) sin

Wr = Wt tan cos Wa = Wt tan sin

Bevel Gear- Force Analysis

Wtp = WtG Wap = WrG Wrp = WaG

Bevel Gear- Force Analysis-Ex-13-7