BITS Pilani - K.K.

Birla Goa Campus

BITS C386 Second Semester 2012-13 Intro to Quantum Information and Computation Problem Set 1 January 21, 2013

Due date: January 29, 2013 1. Consider a two-qubit system in the state | = |10 3 |11 .

(a) If the second qubit is measured in the computational basis {|0 , |1 }, what is the probability of getting bit 0? What is the state of the system after this measurement (if the second qubit was found to be 0)? [Normalize | before you begin!] (b) If instead, the second qubit of | is measured in the Hadamard basis {|+ , | }, what is the probability of observing a |+ ? (c) What is the resulting state after the above measurement? Express your answer in the computational basis. acts on a two-state system as follows: 2. An operator A |0 = |0 + (1 + ) |1 A A |1 = (1 ) |0 It acts on state | = 0.6 |0 + 0.8 |1 . in matrix form. (a) Express A (b) Find its eigenvalues and eigenvectors. hermitian? (c) Is A acts on | ? Is A a valid quantum gate? (d) What is state of the system after A 3. Show that eigenvalues of a unitary transformation have modulus 1 and eigenvectors belonging to distinct eigenvalues are orthogonal. 4. Suppose A and A are matrix representations of an operator A on a vector space V with respect to two dierent orthonormal basis, |vi and |wi . Then the elements of A and A are Aij = vi |A|vj and Aij = wi |A|wj . Characterize the relationship between A and A . 5. Consider a state | =
1 3

|0 +

2 3

|1

(a) Express this state in the basis of the eigenstates of y . (b) If observable y is measured, what possible values are obtained and with what probabilities? (c) Find the expectation value of y for this state. Also calculate its standard deviation (y ).