Types of Tanks

FLOATING ROOF TANKS IFR EFR

CONE ROOF TANKS (CR)

DOME ROOF TANK

(a) Advantage of Floating Roof Tanks

CONE ROOF TANKS

FLOATING ROOF TANKS

MINIMIZING VAPOR SPACE: (a) ELIMINATES FILLING LOSS

CONE ROOF TANKS

FLOATING ROOF TANK

MINIMIZING VAPOR SPACE: (b) REDUCES BREATHING LOSS

CONE ROOF TANKS

FLOATING ROOF TANKS

MINIMIZING VAPOR SPACE: (c) PROVIDES EFFECTIVE FIRE PROTECTION AND LIGHTING SAFETY, IT ALSO INHIBITS ROOF AND SHELL CORROSION

(b) Type of Floating Roof

There are a variety of deck options that may be exercised depending on the service conditions of the stored product. Single Deck Pan Type Single Deck pontoon Type Double Deck

Selection of a specific type of roof and tank depends on the intended service conditions, such as the petroleum liquid being stored, its vapor pressure and corrosive nature, and the anticipated weather and loading conditions.

General Industry Trends in selection

Double deck floating roofs for large diameter tanks above 60 m dia. for crude oil service (to conserve lighter end products) or otherwise and very small diameter tanks less than 15m Single deck floating roof tanks for most intermediate range tank diameters Internal floating roof tanks for volatile, highly inflammable or value added Products based on economics of advantages vs costs On the aforesaid guidelines, a thumb rule classification of roof selection for various service conditions may be made. A final selection would require a more detailed investigation of process conditions during tank service and relative vapor loss advantages gained by the use of various deck options.

SINGLE DECK (PONTOON TYPE) EXTERNAL FLOATING ROOF TANKS Available in standard sizes from 15 91.5 m diameter Provides a cost effective solution, compared to the double deck, except in the larger and very small sizes Greater water carrying capacity while afloat Prone to weldseam fatigue cracking from extended exposure to high wind conditions Sufficient pontoon volume to keep deck afloat with any two pontoon compartments punctured Pontoon area varies from 35% on small diameter roofs to 20% on large diameter roofs Pontoon underside slopes upward toward centre of roof to hold temperature generated condensible vapors

SINGLE DECK EXTERNAL FLOATING ROOF TANKS (EFR)

Curb Angle

Roling ladder

(typ)

Rim

Shell

Deck Plate

Pontoon

Single Deck Pontoon Type Floating Roof Tank

DOUBLE DECK EXTERNAL FLOATING ROOF TANKS Available in standard sizes from 9 122 m diameter Most efficient solution, double deck provides good insulation over entire liquid surface, most stable and maintenance free option for larger sizes Limited water carrying capacity while afloat, water allowed to pass through deck Reduces impact of high winds on product, stable performance of deck under such conditions Emergency drains provided to accommodate 10 of rainfall in 24 hours Roof designed to float directly on product, and stay afloat with any two compartments punctured. Deck flexibility allows temperature generated condensible vapor to be contained under center of deck

DOUBLE DECK EXTERNAL FLOATING ROOF TANKS (FR)

DOUBLE DECK INTERNAL FLOATING ROOF TANKS (IFR) Provides additional protection against wind and rain Combines the all-weather performance of a cone roof tank with the evaporation saving and fire protection qualities of a floating roof tank Maximum protection against exposure or rim fires Floating roof simultaneously combats corrosion and product deterioration No drainage system required this eliminates maintenance of this item and floating roof may be operated to lower levels In lieu of pan type construction, special pontoon type decks can be provided for more positive floatation and increased stability. Shell/Roof vents provided for venting air-vapor mixture between the floating deck and fixed roof during product pump in

DOUBLE DECK INTERNAL FLOATING ROOF TANKS (IFR)

DOUBLE DECK EXTERNAL FLOATING ROOF TANK CENTER DRAIN PROFILE

DOUBLE DECK EXTERNAL FLOATING ROOF TANK REVERSE SLOPE PROFILE

Roof Drain

Pipe Support

Roof Drain

PARTS OF ADJUSTABLE / FIXED PIPE SUPPORT

DECK MANWAY
Deck manway is use to enter the tank bottom from top of deck by using internal ladder and also use as vent. during maintanance when tank is empty.

PONTOON MANWAY
Pontoon Manway is use during hydrotest of pontoon. Water is inlet from pontoon manway. Generally size of Pontoon Manway is 20 NB. Each compartment one & for big tank two required. Pontoon manway is use to excess in pontoon for welding of radial & circumferencial bulkhead to bottom deck also.

PARTS OF DECK MANWAY

PARTS OF PONTOON MANWAY

An Example of Deck Layout of Floating Roof Tank Size is 92m ID x 20M HT. EFR Tank for Crude Oil Storage

PARTS OF CONE ROOF TANKS

Lifting the Roof/Shell section of the tank.

The Roof and Top shell Section is Fit and being tacked from the Inside.

Dome Roof Knuckle Profile

Looking down on Knuckle