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VIVA LA DIFFERENCE!
The boy hated the movies .
This is an Independent Clause because it contains a subject and a verb.
The boy is the subject + hated is the verb.
You know hated is the verb because it is a conjugated word from the infinitive verb To Hate (hated is past tense). Its got that ed ending (a sign of the past tense).
You know the boy is the subject because boy is a noun (you know that because it is preceded by the a noun indicator) you know boy is the subject because it is a noun to the left of a verb. And as Step #4 tells you a noun placed in front of a the verb becomes the subject of the verb.
Continuing
Since the boy hated the movies
This is a Dependent Clause because it contains a subject and a verb plus that one extra word SINCE, which is a subordinating conjunction.
Adding the subordinating conjunction takes away from the importance of the sentence. It makes it a less important idea dependent in other words -upon more information.
Example . . .
- Independent Clause The student bought the teacher dinner. - Independent Clause with Pronoun She asked for a dollar for a soda. Dependent Clause Since weasels make such glorious pets, Dependent Clause with Pronoun After they threw-up,