Paper 1 Section B Question-Answer Book B

B 2013DSE
CHEM
HONG KONG EXAMINATIONS AND ASSESSMENT AUTHORITY
HONG KONG DIPLOMA OF SECONDARY EDUCATION EXAMINATION 2013
CHEMISTRY PAPER 1
SECTION B: Question-Answer Book B
This paper must be answered in English
INSTRUCTIONS FOR SECTION B
(1) After the announcement of the start of the
examination, you should first write your Candidate
Number in the space provided on Page 1 and stick
barcode labels in the spaces provided on Pages 1,
3,5,7 and 9.
(2) Refer to the general instructions on the cover of
the Question Paper for Section A.
(3) This section consists of TO parts, Parts I and II.
(4)
Answer ALL questions in both Parts I and II. Write
your answers in the spaces provided in this
Question-Answer Book. Do not write in the
margins. Answers written in the margins will not
be marked.
(5) An asterisk (*) has been put next to the questions
where one mark will be awarded for effective
communication.
(6) Supplementary answer sheets will be provided on
request. Write your candidate number, mark the
question number box and stick a barcode label on
each sheet, and fasten them with string INSIDE
this Question-Answer Book.
(7)
No extra time will be given to candidates for
sticking on the barcode labels or filling in the
question number boxes after the 'Time is up'
announcement.
1Wl
Hong Kong Examinations and Assessment Authority
All Rights Reserved 2013
2013-DSE-CHEM lB-l 1
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PART I
Answer ALL questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided.
1. Water is the most abundant compound on the Earth's surface. It is very important to life on Earth.
(a) Draw the electron diagram for a water molecule, showing electrons in the outermost shells only.
(1 mark)
(b) Nearly 98% of the water on Earth is sea water, which is not ft for human consumption.
Te diagram below shows the set-up used in a simple distillation experiment for obtaining water
fom sea water.
water out
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heat
water
(i) Outline the underlying principle of this simple distillation experiment.
(ii) Insoluble solid S was placed into the fask before heating. Why?
(3 marks)
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
2013-DSE-CHEM 13-2 2
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l. (c) Explain, fom molecular level, why the density of ice is lower than that of water.
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Both BF3 and N3 exist as simple molecules.
(a) For each of these molecules, draw its three-dimensional structure.
(2 marks)
(b)
For each of these molecules, explain whether or not it is polar.
(2 marks)
(c) reacts with N3 to give F3BJ13. Describe the bond formation between BF3 and N3.
(2 marks)
2013-DSE-CHEM lB- 4
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Compound W contains carbon, hydrogen and oxygen only. The relative molecular mass of W is 88.0.
Complete combustion of 1.32 g ofW gives 2.64 g of carbon dioxide and 1.08 g of water.
(a) Deduce the molecular formula ofW.
(Relative atomic masses: H = 1.0, C = 12.0,0 16.0)
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(b) Given that W has only one fnctional goup, draw TWO possible structures ofW.
(2 marks)
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2013-DSE-CHEM IB-5 5
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4. The structure of a dibasic acid with chemical formula H2CZ04 is shown below:
COOR
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(a) Give the systematic name of this dibasic acid.
(l mak)
(b) A student expected a 0.0500 mol dm-3 standard H2Cz04(aq) to have a pH of 1.0. However, the
pH of the solution, when measured with a calibrated pH meter, was found to be greater than 1.
Explain this observation with the aid of a chemical equation.
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(c) available in school laboratories. However, standad NaOH(aq)
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SoUd sodium hydroxide is
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(d) In a titration experiment, 25.00 cm3 of a 0.0500 mol dm-3 standard H2CZ04(aq) and a few drops of
phenolphthalein indicator were placed in a conical flask. NaOH(aq) of unknown concentration
was then added fom a burette into the flask. 17.20 cm3 of the NaOH(aq) was required to reach
the titration end point.
(i) State the colour change at the titration end point.
20 13-DSE-CHEM 1 B- 6
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4. (d) (ii) From the titration results, calculate the concentration of the NaOH(aq), in mol dm-3,
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(3 marks)
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(e) The following were considered as INAPPROPRIATE practices when carrying out the experiment
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in (d), For each of them, explai why it would lead to inaccurate titration results:
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rinsing the conical flask with the standard H2C204(aq) before transfering 25.00 cm3 of '
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(ii) carrying out the titation with the filter fnnel remained on top of the burete afer using
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(2 marks)
2013-DSE-CHEM 1B-7 7
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5. The following experiment was carried out to determine the enthalpy change of solution of ammonium
nitrate:
A certain volume of water was placed in an expanded polystyrene cup. The temperature of the water in
the cup was measured with a thermometer at half-minute intervals. Right at the third minute, 2.0 g of
NH4N03(s) was added to the cup. The solution in the cup was then stirred thoroughly and its temperature
was measured for an additional
7
minutes.
The recordings of temperature are shown in the graph below:
Addition of
NH4N03(s)
2
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21
20
10.0
time! minute
(a) (i) From the graph, estimate the greatest temperature dop of the solution in the cup.
(ii) The mass of the NH4N03(aq) obtained was found to be 21.8 g. Calculate the enthalpy
change of solution of am onium nitrate, in kJ mor
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, under the experimental conditions.
(Assume that the heat capacity of the expanded polystyrene cup is negligible, and the
specifc heat capacity of the NH4N03(aq) obtained is 4.3 J g-I K"I.)
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(b) Suggest ON way of keeping NtI4N03(s) dry during storage.
Briefly describe how polypropene can be produced fom naphtha .
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(4 marks)
(1 mark)
(4 marks)
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7. Therite reactions broadly refer to exothermic oxidation-reduction reactions between a metal powder and
a metal oxide. One example is the reaction of fmely divided iron(lII) oxide with aluminium powder. This
reaction results in a very high temperature, and is commonly used in the welding of rail tracks for trains.
At this very high temperature, the molten iron formed joins the rail tracks together.
(a) (i) Complete and balance the chemical equation for the following thermite reaction.
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(ii) Sketch a labelled enthalpy level diagram for this reaction.
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(2 marks)
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(b) Copper powder CANOT be used to replace aluminium powder in carrying out the thermite
reaction with iron(III) oxide. Explain why.
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(c) The extraction of iron from its ores also involves the reduction of iron oxides.

(i) Suggest why aluminium is NOT used as the reducing agent in iron extraction.

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(ii) Suggest ONE reducing agent commonly used in iron extraction.
(2 marks)
Answers writen in the margins will not be marked.
2013DSECHEM 18-10 10
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8. Both caesium (Cs) and sodium (Na) are elements in Group I of the Periodic Table. Caesium reacts with
chlorine to form caesium chloride.
(a) Write the chemical equation for the reaction of caesium with chlorine.
(l mark)
(b) Solid caesium chloride has a giant ionic structure.
(i) Draw a diagram to show the structure of caesium chloride.
(ii) Explain why solid caesium chloride is brittle.
(3 marks)
(c) Predict, with ON reason, whether sodium or caesium is more reactive towards chlorine.
(1 mark)
2013-DSE-CHEM IB-ll
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9, The diagram below shows the set-up used in an investigation on the electrolysis of concentrated potassium
iodide solution:
carbon electrode B
carbon electrode A
petri dish
concentated KI(aq) with a few
drops of universal indicator
(a) State and explain the expected observation around carbon electrode A during the electrolysis,
(2 marks)
(b) The solution near carbon electrode B gradually tured blue,
(i) Explain this observation,
(ii) Would there be any change i observation if carbon electrode B is replaced by a copper
electrode in the investigation? Explain,
(3 marks)
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10. The diagram below shows the structure of a hydrogen-oxygen fel cell using concentrated potassium
hydroxide solution as te electrolyte.
porous nickel electrode D
unreacted Hz(g)
and water vapour

concentrated KOH( aq)
(a) An oxygen cylinder can be used to provide oxygen for the above fel cell. From the hazard
warning labels show below, circle the label that should be displayed on the oxygen cylinder.
(l mark)
(b) Write the half equation for the change occurring at each of the following electrodes when this
fel cell is producing a current.
electrode D
electrode E
(2 marks)
(c) Some people have the view that cars powered by hydrogen-oxygen fel cells are more
environmentally fiendly than those powered by petrol.
Comment on this view f'om each of the following aspects:
(i) source of fel
(ii) the car emissions
(2 marks)
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PART II
Answer ALL questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided.
11. Safet airbags are important devices installed in vehicles. During a serious ca crash, the chemicals in the
airbag immediately react to release a large amount of gas. An airbag hence infates instantly, protecting
the passenger. The main chemicals in safety airbags are sodium azide (NaN3) and potassium nitate
(KN03) The equations below show the reactions involved when an airbag is infated:
.
2NaNls) 2Na(s) + 3N2(g)
10Na(s) + 2KN03(s) K20(s) + 5Na20(S) + N2(g)
(a) Explain why the NaN3(s) and KN03(s) used in the airbags are in the form of fine powder.
(1 mark)
(b) An airbag contains 100.0 g of NaN3(s) and 200.0 g of KN03(s). Calculate the theoretical volume,
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measured at room temperature and pressure, of the gas produced when the bag is infated.
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(Formula masses: NaN3 65.0, KN03 = 101.1;
molar volume of gas at room temperature and pressure = 24 dm
3
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(c) The main fnction of NaN3(s) is to produce N2(g) for infating the airbags. Suggest why it is
necessary to include KN03(s) in the airbags.
(l mark)
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Sodium azide is a toxic chemical. Thus any NaN3 waste remained during the manufacture of
safety airbags needs special treatment before disposal. The treatment involves frst dissolving
NaN3 in water, and then reacting the solution formed with excess nitrous acid, HN02(aq). The
graph below shows the variation of the concentration of N aN3(aq) in the reaction mixture with
time in one such process:
0.010
0.005
0
10 20
30
0
time / s
(i) Calculate the average rate of consumption of NaN3(aq) in the frst 10 seconds.
(ii)
Suggest how the instantaneous rate of consumption of NaN3(aq) at the 10th second can
be determined fom the graph.
(2 marks)
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20l3DSECHEM lB-15
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12. At 250C, the equilibrium constant Kc for the following reaction is 25 mor
1
dm
3

PCh(g) + Clz(g) PC15(g)
A 10.0 dm
}
sealed container, which is maintained at 250C, initially contains 0.50 mol of PCb(g),
0.20 mol of Cb(g) and 0.40 mol ofPCls(g).
(a) For this system under the initial conditions, calculate its reaction quotient. Predict and explain,
under te initial conditions, whether the forward reaction rate or the backward reaction rate would
be greater.
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(b) Calculate the concentration of Clz(g) when the system attains equilibrium at 250C.
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2013-DSE-CHEM 1B-16 16
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12. (c)
0.10 mol of Ch(g) is added to the equilibrium mixture in (b). Sketch, in the graph below, the
variation of the concentration of Clz(g) with time until a new equilibrium is attained. (Assume
that the temperature of the system remains at 250C throughout the whole process.)
/ s
addition of 0.10 mol ofCh(g)
(l mark)
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*13. Lithium, beryllium, carbon (graphite) and nitrogen are elements of the second period of the Periodic
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< Table. Arrange them in increasing order of melting point, and explain the order in terms of structure and
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14. An unsaturated fat F is a component of a vegetable oil. The structure ofF is shown below:
(a) State the reagents needed for converting F to a saturated fat.
(1 mark)
(b) Vegetable oils can be used to make soap.
(i) Write the chemical equation involved for the formation of soap fom F.
(ii) In the presence of a acid, the soap formed in (i) can react with methanol to
compound G, which can be used as a biodiesel. Draw the stucture ofG.
(2 marks)
(
c) Wit reference to their relative molecular masses and physical properties, explain why G can be
used as a fel for cars, but F cannot.
(2 marks)
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X y
Z
(a) Suggest a chemical test to distinguish between X and Y.
(2 marks)
(b) Suggest what reagent R might be,
15. Consider the conversions of organic compounds shown below:
dehydrating agent
CH3CH2COCHzCH3 CH3CH2CH(OH)CH2CH3 ' a mixture of alkenes
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Z contains two alkenes with the same structral formula. Draw the respective
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structures of these two alkenes, and state their isomeric relationship.
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d) The alkenes in (c) can react with HCI to form an optically active chloroalkane. Write the
structural formula of this chloroalkane.
(1 mark)
END OF SECTION B
END OF PAPER
2013DSE-CHEM lB-19
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GROUP
atomic number
PERIODIC TABLE
Im
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3
Li
6.9
Na
4
Be
9.0
--------
12
Mg
relative atomic mass
III
5
B
10.8
13
AI
IV
6
C
12.0
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14
Si
V VI VII
7 8 9
N 0 F
14.0 16.0 19.0
------
16 17
P S CI
o
He
4.0
10
Ne
20.2
Ar
23.0 24.3 27.0 28.1 31.0 32.1 40.0
26 28 33 20 21 22 23 24 29 30 31 32 36
K Ca Sc V
39.1 40.1 45.0 50.9
Co Cr Mn Fe Ni Cn
58.9 58.7 63.5 52.0 54.9 55.8
Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
65.4 69.7 72.6 74.9 79.0 79.9 83.8
------ -.
38 40 41 42 47 46 48 50 5] 52 53
Mo Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Tc Ru Ril Pd Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xc
85.5 87.6 , 88.9 91.2 92.9 95.9 102.9 106.4 (98) 107.9 112.4 114.8 131.3 118.7 121.8 127.6 126.9
N
55 56 72 74 76 78 80 81 82 83 84 86
o I
Cs Ba La Hf Ta W Os Ir Re Pt Au TI Pb Bi Po At Rn
190.2 132.9 137.3 138.9 178.5 180.9 183.9 192.2 186.2 195.1 197.0 200.6 204.4 207.2 209.0 (209) (210)
88 89
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104 105
Fr Ra Ac Rf Db
(223) (226) (227) (261) (262)
* 58 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
Pr Ce Nd Pm Sm Eo Gd Tb Dy
140.1 140.9 144.2 (145) 150.4 152.0 157.3 158.9 162.5
Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
164.9 167.3 168.9 173.0 175.0
90 91 92 94 96 ** 98 99 100 101 102 103
Th Pa U Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
232.0 1) 238.0 (244) (243) (247) (247) (257) (258) (259) (260)
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