2-1

2



6

2.1 -
6
2
3
()


3 8
( )
3
2 -

2-2

2.1.1

1
2

500
1000 / 3 4 / 250 500 1 2 3
2 1 31 - 42
8.2 - 11.5 3.0 - 4.7 (full laden
draft) (Beam to draft ratio)
2.754 3.0 4.2
2 - 1

.
.
2
5
6

()
35
37
40
42
36
38
31

()
8.5
9.0
10.0
12.5
11.5
11.5
11.5

()
3.1
3.5
3.0
3.5
4.7
4.5
4.3

( )
390.1
492.0
558.3
777.0
805.5
831.8
900.0

61/2546 26
2546
2



3
1 1 2
4
K. Waters, et. al., 2000, Shipping Trends Analysis, Department of
Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, United Stated Naval Academy

2-3
: ( )

-


1.0 3.7 2.0 4.0 14.4 8.9 0.35 1.65
0.82 0.3 58.6 7.8


5 - 10 5 8.5 12.5
140 180 2,000 4,000

2.1.2


1
( )


6
40.0
3.0

5.6

40.0
1.7
5.0

( )


6

2-4

2.1.3

- 7
2548 2555

18,000 90,000 / 36 155 /
8 38 / ( 2 - 2 2 4
)
2 - 2
(/)
..2548 ..2549 ..2550 ..2551 ..2552 ..2553 ..2554 ..2555
1
18,625
33,850
25,749
37,556
33,284
35,173
27,518
31,474
2
30,332
31,865
88,024
46,572
36,707
47,442
42,409
46,694
3
39,348
46,918
40,971
44,893
27,795
36,024
33,953
37,709
:
(
)
3 1
( ) 2 ( )
3 ( ) 15

2 - 3
..2548
1
36
2
59
3
76

(/)
..2549 ..2550 ..2551 ..2552 ..2553 ..2554 ..2555
65
47
69
59
61
49
51
59
155
84
66
79
71
72
86
73
77
47
61
55
60

2597/49 2597 22

2-5
:

(
)

2 - 4
(/)
..2548 ..2549 ..2550 ..2551 ..2552 ..2553 ..2554 ..2555
1
8
16
11
17
14
15
12
12
2
14
14
38
20
16
19
17
18
3
19
21
18
19
11
15
13
14
:


( 1 4 )

2.2
Waterway Guideline
2011 Rijkswaterstaat8 (Ministry of
Infrastructure and the Environment) 5

2.2.1
Rijkswaterstaat (Commercial vessel
(Recreation
vessel)

Rijkswaterstaat

( ) (:
http://www.rijkswaterstaat.nl/en/)

2-6

3
(Motor vessel) (Pushed convoy) (Couple unit)9
2
5
250

18,000

Rijkswaterstaat

2-7

2 - 5
CEMT
Class

0
I

Motor vessels
RWS
Characteristics of reference vessel
Class
Designation
Beam
Length Draught
(m)
(m)
(m)
M0 Other
M1

Peniche

5.05

38.5

2.5

II

M2

Kempenaar

6.6

50-55

2.6

III

M3

Hagenaar

7.2

55-70

2.6

M4

Dortmund Eems
(L O74)

8.2

6773

2.7

M5

Ext. Dormund
Eems (L>74 m)

8.2

80-85

2.7

M6

Rhine-Herne
Vessel
(L<= 86 m)

9.5

80-85

2.9

M7

Ext. Rhine-Herne
(L> 86 m)

9.5

105

3.0

IVa

IVb

Pushed convoys (Barges)

Characteristics of reference vessel
Comb.
Beam
Length
Draught
(m)
(m)
(m)

Classification
Cargo
Beam/
capacity
Length
1-250
B<=5.0
L<=38.0
251-400 B=5.015.10
L>=38.01

RWS
Class

401-650

B02

6.6

60-70

2.6

401-600

B03

7.5

80

2.6

601-800

B04

8.2

85

2.7

801-1250

9.5

85-105

3.0

12511800

B=5.116.70
L>=38.01
651-800 B=6.717.30 and
L38.01
801-1050 B=7.318.30
L=
38.0174.0
1051B=7.311250
8.30,
L86.01
1251B=8.311750
9.60 and
L=
38.0186.0
1751B=8.312050
9.60 and
L86.01

B01

BI

5.2

Europa I
pushed

55

1.9

Classification
Cargo
Beam/
capacity
Length

0-400

B<=5.2
L = all

RWS
Class

Coupled units (Convoys)

Characteristics of reference couple unit
Comb.
Beam
Length
Draught
(m)
(m)
(m)

Classification
Cargo
Beam/
capacity
Length

C1l

5.05

77-80

2.5

<=900

C1b

10.1

38.5

2.5

<=900

9.5

170-185

3.0

B<=5.1
L=all
B=9.6112.50
L <=80

Head
room incl.
spare

5.25
5.25

B=5.216.70 and
L=all
B=6.717.60 and
L=all
B=7.618.40 and
L=all

B=8.41
and L=all

C2l

Class IV+
Europa I
long

901-3350 B=5.19.60
L=all

7.0

2-8
CEMT
Class

Va

Motor vessels
RWS
Characteristics of reference vessel
Class
Designation
Beam
Length Draught
(m)
(m)
(m)
M8 Large Rhine
11.4
110
3.5
Vessel
(L <=111 m)
M9

Extended Large
Rhine Vessel
(L > 111 m)

11.4

135

3.5

Classification
Cargo
Beam/
capacity
Length
2051B=9.613300
11.50
L=38.01111.00
3301B=9.614000
11.50
L111.01

Vb

VIa

BII-1

Pushed convoys (Barges)

Characteristics of reference vessel
Comb.
Beam
Length
Draught
(m)
(m)
(m)
EuropaII
11.4
95-110
3.5

BIIa-1

EuropaIIa

11.4

92-110

4.0

24513200

BIIL-1

EuropaII
long

11.4

125-135

4.0

32013950

11.4

170-190

3.5-4.0

39517050

22.8

95-145

3.5-4.0

39517050

RWS
Class

BII-2I

M10

Ref. vessl
13.5*110 m

13.5

110

4.0

40014300

M11

Ref. vessel
14.2*135

14.20

135

4.0

43015600

M12

Rhinemax vessel

17.0

135

4.0

>=5601

B=11.5114.30, L
= 38.01111.00
B=11.5114.30, L
= 38.01111
B>=14.31
L> 38.01

BII-2b

2 barge
long
2 barge
wide

Classification
Cargo
Beam/
capacity
Length
1801B=9.612450
15.10
L<=111.0

VIb

BII-4

4 barges

22.8

185-195

3.5-4.0

705112000

VIc

BII-6I

6 barges
long

22.8

270

3.5-4.0

1200118000

VIIa

BII-6b

6 barge
wide

34.2

195

3.5-4.0

1200118000

B=9.6115.10
L<=111.0
B=9.6115.10
L<=111
B=9.6115.10
L=146.01
B=15.1124.00
L<=146

B=15.1124.00
L=146.01
-200
B=15.1124.00
L>=200.0
1
B>=24.01
L=all

RWS
Class

Coupled units (Convoys)

Characteristics of reference couple unit
Comb.
Beam
Length
Draught
(m)
(m)
(m)

Classification
Cargo
Beam/
capacity
Length

C3l

ClassVa+
Europa II
long

11.4

170-190

3.5-4.0

33517250

B=9.6112.6
L=80.01

C2b

ClassIV +
Europa I
wide

19.0

85-105

3.0

C3b

ClassVa+
Europa II
wide

22.8

95-110

3.5-4.0

33517250

B>19.1
L<=136

C4

ClassVa+
3EuropaII

22.8

185

3.5-4.0

>=7251

B>12.6
L>=136.0
1

901-3350 B=12.6119.1
L<=136

Head
room incl.
spare

9.1

7.0 only
for class
IV couple
unit
9.1

9.1

9.1

9.1

2-9

( 2,000

4,000
10)
(Motor Vessels)
III IVa (Push
convoy) RWS Class BII-1 RWS Class BII-2I

( 2 6)
(Towed convoy)
(Pushed convoy)
2,000 4,000 3 4
1 1 1





5.6
9.1
5.6 I Couple unit
900 400




(
)


10

2-10

2 - 6

4 barge convoy

()
2000-4000

()
8.5 12.5

()
140 - 180
()
3.0-4.2

()
5.6
:

RWS class BII-1

RWS class BIIa-1
RWS Class BIIL-1

Europa II pushed

Europa IIa pushed

Europa II long

2 barge pushed convoy

1800-2450
11.4
95-110
3.5
9.1

2451-3200
11.4
92-110
4.0
9.1

3201-3950
11.4
125-135
4.0
9.1

3951-7050
11.4
170-190
3.5-4.0
9.1

RWS Class BII-2I

2-11

2.2.2
Rijkswaterstaat (Waterway
profile)
30,000
/ 11 ( 2
7)
3
2 (Normal profile for two-lane traffic)
2 (Narrow profile for two-lane traffic)
(Single lane profile)
2 - 7 (waterway profile)

> 50,000

30,000 50,000

15,000 30,000

2
5,000 15,000

5
< 5,000

2
: Rijkswaterstaat, 2011, Waterway Guidelines 2011, Ministry of Infrastructure and Environment, The
Netherlands, 32

2
2 15,000 30,000
/ 12 ( 50 100 /) 2

11

10,000
/
12
30,000 Waterway
Guidelines 2011

2-12

2
5,000 /
5,000

15,000
/ 5


(traffic control service)




2

2
5,000 /

(traffic control service) (passing
places)

2.1.3 8 38 / 14 22 / ( 5,000
8,200 / ) 2

2-13

2.2.3 -

Rijkswaterstaat

( - ) 1 10
1% 10
Rijkswaterstaat
24
10

24

10
-
1% 10

Rijkswaterstaat

( - ) 1 10
1% 10
Rijkswaterstaat
24
10

24
10
-
1% 10

2.2.4

Rijkswaterstaat 1.4

1.3

2-14

2-1
(1)
(Navigation lane) 1 2
(2)
(Safety
lane)
(3)
(bank lane)

2 - 1
: Rijkswaterstaat, 2011, Waterway Guidelines 2011,
Ministry of Infrastructure and Environment, The Netherlands, 38

(Simulation)
Rijkswaterstaat 3 ( 2 - 8 2 - 2)
(Wd) 2

(Wt) 4
3 2

2-15

(Light ship)
( w) Rijkswaterstaat 5%
10%
Rijkswaterstaat

2 - 9

2-16

2 - 8

(Wd))
(Wt)

2.B
4B

2.B
3B

B
2B
: Rijkswaterstaat, 2011, Waterway Guidelines 2011, Ministry of Infrastructure and Environment, The
Netherlands, 39

2 - 2
: Rijkswaterstaat, 2011, Waterway Guidelines 2011,
Ministry of Infrastructure and Environment, The Netherlands, 39

2-17

2 - 9

()

()
Wt
Wd

()

I
3.1-3.5
20.4
10.2
2
4
II
3.5-3.6
26.4
13.2
3
6
III
3.5-3.8
32.8
16.4
4
8
IV
3.9-4.2
38.0
19.0
5
11
Va
4.9
46.0
22.8
5
11
Vb
5.6
46.0
22.8
9
18

I
2.9-3.3
15.3
10.2
3
5
II
3.3-3.4
19.8
13.2
4
7
III
3.3-3.5
24.6
16.4
5
10
IV
3.6-3.9
28.5
19.0
7
15
Va
4.6
34.0
22.8
7
15
Vb
5.2
34.0
22.8
12
24

I
2.9-3.3
10.2
5.1
II
3.3-3.4
13.2
6.6
III
3.3-3.5
16.4
8.2

IV
3.6-3.9
19.0
9.5
Va
4.6
22.8
11.4
Vb
5.2
22.8
11.4
: Wd , Wt
: Rijkswaterstaat, 2011, Waterway Guidelines 2011, Ministry of Infrastructure and Environment, The
Netherlands, 40

2.2.5

Rijkswaterstaat 6
4

2-18

Rijkswaterstaat
( ) 30
(2.1)
(2.2)

2 - 10 2 - 11
(Sight
distance)
Rijkswaterstaat
( 2-3)

B1 C1 .

L2
R

(2.1)

B1 B 2 C1 C 2 .

L2
R

(2.2)

C1 C 2

2 - 10

C1
C2


I to IV
0.25
0.50
Va
0.25
0.50
Vb
0.20
0.40
: Rijkswaterstaat, 2011, Waterway Guidelines 2011, Ministry of Infrastructure and Environment, The
Netherlands, 47

2-19

2 - 11

(.)

B1 (.)

B 2 (.)

4.L
6.L
8.L
4.L
6.L
8.L
I
39
2.5
1.5
1.0
5.0
3.5
2.5
II
55
3.5
2.5
1.5
7.0
4.5
3.5
III
85
5.5
3.5
2.5
10.5
7.0
5.5
IV
105
6.5
4.5
3.5
13.0
8.5
6.5
Va
110
7.0
5.0
3.5
14.0
9.0
7.0
Vb
185
9.5
6.0
4.5
18.5
12.5
9.5
: Rijkswaterstaat, 2011, Waterway Guidelines 2011, Ministry of Infrastructure and Environment, The
Netherlands, 47-48

2 - 3
: Rijkswaterstaat, 2011, Waterway Guidelines 2011,
Ministry of Infrastructure and Environment, The Netherlands, 47

2-20

( )
20

30
Rijkswaterstaat

/30 ( / 30 ) 20
10
Rijkswaterstaat 10
2 - 4 Rijkswaterstaat
1: 20 (PC: Point of
curvature)
(PT:
Point
of
tangent)

1.5

Rijkswaterstaat (Line of sight) 600
5 ( ) 2.5
( 2-5)

2 - 4
: Rijkswaterstaat, 2011, Waterway Guidelines 2011,
Ministry of Infrastructure and Environment, The Netherlands, 48

2-21

2 - 5
: Rijkswaterstaat, 2011, Waterway Guidelines 2011,
Ministry of Infrastructure and Environment, The Netherlands, 49

2.3
2.3.1





2 1213
2 - 714

13

Das, Das, B. M., Principles of Foundation Engineering 5th edition, Thomson/Brookscloe, Table 2.9, p.114
14
Wikipedia, Soil Resistivity, [Available online], http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_resistivity, access 12/07/29

2-22

Department of Defense 5

15
2 - 12

(.)

500 - 1500
,
0 - 100

200 500

1500 - 4000

1500 - 2500

> 5000
: Das, B. M., Principles of Foundation Engineering 5th edition, Thomson/Brookscloe, 2.9 114

2 - 6

15

US Department of Defense, 1987, Military Handbook Grounding, Bonding, and Shielding for Electronic
Equipments and Facilities Volume II (MIL-HDBK-419A), Washington DC, p.1-4

2-23

Wenner four point method

Schlumberger method

ASTM G57-06 (2012) Standard
Test Method for Field Measurement of Soil Resistivity Using the Wenner Four-Electrode Method
( 2-716)
(Probe) 2 C1,
C2
P1
P2

4
10 17

2 - 7 Wenner four point method

.

2.3
2.4

16

US Department of Defense, 1987, Military Handbook Grounding, Bonding, and Shielding for
Electronic Equipments and Facilities Volume II (MIL-HDBK-419A), Washington DC, p.1-3
17

10

2-24

8


2 - 9
V
I

(2.3)

2dR

(2.4)

2d

I
V

(.)
()
( )
()
)

(.m)

(m)

2 - 8

2-25

2 - 9

2.3.2


(Sieve analysis)
(Undisturbed sample)
1 (SPT) (Shear
strength) (Internal friction angle)
2 - 10 (Rotary
M a c h i n e w i t h H y d r a u l i c F e e d H e a d ) ( P o r t a b l e D e r r i c k )
(Wash Boring) 4"
3" (Casing) Bentonite slurry

(Undisturbed Sample) ASTM D-1587

1.50 3" 75 .
(Visual Classification)

2-26

(Disturbed Sample) 1.50
Standard Penetration Test (SPT) ASTM D-1586 140
30" (Split Spoon Sample) 2"
6 " 3
6
SPT-N"



SPT-N 50 / 3

( c a s i n g )

1



Atterberg's Limit
1 - 2
ASTM D-423, 424
Sieve Analysis
1 - 2
ASTM D-422
Natural Water Content
Unit Weight
Unconfined Compression Test
ASTM D-2186

2-27

2 - 10

2-28

2.3.3
(Dispersive soil)
(disperse)
18
Double Hydrometer
ASTM D4221 Pinhole Test ASTM D4647
Double hydrometer ASTM D4221
Hydrometer Test 2 ( 2 11)
2
(Flocculent)19
5

0-33%
(Moderately
dispersive
soil)
(Highly
dispersive
soil)
33-66%
66%

2
12
Double Hydrometer

2 - 11 Double Hydrometer
18

19
Sodium hexametaphosphate 40 /

2-29

Percent Dispersive = A (100)

B

2 - 12 Double Hydrometer
: US Department of Interior Bureau of Reclamation, 1991,
Characteristics and Problems of Dispersive Clay Soils, Denver, p.7

Pinhole
Test
ASTM
D4647

1

( 2

13)

( 2 13)
50 . 5 1.0 1.4 /

(Dark)
2.0

D1 10
(Moderately dark) 1.5
2 D2 1.5
ND4

2-30

2 - 13 Pinhole Test
: ASTM Committee D18, 2006, ASTM D 4647-06 Standard Test Method for
Identificaion and Classification of Dispersive Clay Soils by the Pinhole Test, p.834

2 - 13 Pinhole Test

(.)

()

(mL/s)

D1
D2

50
50

5
10

1.0-1.4
1.0-1.4

ND4

50

10

0.8-1.0

ND3

180
380
1020
1020

5
5
5
5

1.4-2.7
1.8-3.2
>3.0
<=3.0

ND2
ND1

Dark
Very dark
Moderately
Dark
Dark
Slightly dark
Moderately
Dark
Barely visible
Slightly dark
Clear
Perfectly clear

(.)
2.0

>1.5
1.5

1.5

Barely visible
<1.5
Barely visible to
1.0
Clear
ASTM D4647 Standard test Method for Identification and Classification of Dispersive Clay Soils by the
Pinhole Test 9

2-31

2.4
2.4.1
95%

2 14 2 - 16

2-32

2 - 14
Location
Amphoe

No.

At or Near

Changwat

Wat Sing

Chai Nat

Wat Phikun Ngam

(Ban Tha Hat)
Khai Chira Prawat

Mueang

Nakhon Sawan

Ban Bang Phutsa

Mueang

Sing Buri

Memorial Bridge

Thon Buri

Bangkok

Wat Kao Chang

Phrom Buri

Sing Buri

Ban Cham Rang

Wat Sing

Chai Nat

Ban Bang Kaeo

Mueang

Ang Thong

Ban Bang Kaeo

Mueang

Ang Thong

Wat Phruan (Ban

Bang Krachang)

Mueang

Chai Nat

Latitude N
Longitude E
15o- 16' - 17"
100o- 03' - 44"
15o- 40' - 15"
100o- 06' - 45"
14o- 53' - 44"
100o- 24' - 14"
13o- 44' - 15"
100o- 29' - 55"
14o- 45' - 52"
100o- 26' - 59"
15o- 13' - 12"
100o- 05' - 30"
14o- 35' - 05"
100o- 27' - 12"
14o- 35' - 05"
100o- 27' - 12"
15o- 10' - 00"
100o- 08' - 44"

Code
C.1
C.2

Water Level
Type of
Period
Gage
V
1905-1959

Discharge
Data
1950-1955

V
A
V

1914-1965
1966-Cont'd
1950-Cont'd

1956-Cont'd

C.6

1914-1949
1950-Cont'd
1914-1948
1955-1956
1928-1964

C.5

V
A
V

C.7

1930-1970

1931-1970

C.7A

V
A
V

1971-1976
1977-Cont'd
1938-1956

1976-1996

C.3
C.4

C.8

2-33
Location
Amphoe

No.

At or Near

10

Wat Borommathat

Mueang

Chai Nat

11

Mueang

Sing Buri

12

Wat Phrom
Sakhon
Wat Sawang Arom

Mueang

Sing Buri

13

R.I.D. Bangkok

Dusit

Bangkok

14

Wat Pho Ngam

(Ban Re Rai)
In Buri

Sanphaya

Chai Nat

In Buri

Sing Buri

16

Wat Chula Mani

(Ban Kum)

Bang Ban

Phra Nakhon
Si Ayutthaya

17

Ban Tha Nam Oi

Phayuha Khiri

Nakhon Sawan

18

Phayuha Khiri

Phayuha Khiri

Nakhon Sawan

15

Changwat

Latitude N
Longitude E
15o- 09' - 45"
100o- 09' - 28"
14o- 52' - 57"
100o- 24' - 40"
14o- 52' - 11"
100o- 24' - 40"
13o- 47' - 14"
100o- 30' - 56"
15o- 09' - 57"
100o- 11' - 32"
15o- 00' - 30"
100o- 19' - 50"
14o- 25' - 35"
100o- 29' - 11"

Code

15o- 25' - 11"

100o- 08' - 22"
15o- 27' - 14"
100o- 08' - 17"

C.9

Water Level
Type of
Period
Gage
V
1941-1957

C.10

C.11

C.12
C.13

Discharge
Data
1942-1947
1955-1956
1942-1956

1941-1948
1955-1956
1942-1947
1955-1956
1942-Cont'd

V
A
V

1947-1970
1971-Cont'd
1950-1968

1947-Cont'd

1950-1973
1974-1977
1978-1988
1956-1971

1950-1972
1976-1977

C.16

V
A
V
V

C.17

1956-1959
1992-Cont'd

C.14
C.15

1950-1968

2-34

No.

At or Near

Location
Amphoe

Changwat

Latitude N
Longitude E
19
Ban Thai Muang
Mueang
Chai Nat
15o- 10' - 10"
100o- 07' - 46"
20
Ban Bang Cha
Krok Phra
Nakhon Sawan
15o- 32' - 54"
100o- 05' - 09"
100o- 44' - 06"
23
R.I.D. Pak Kret
Pak Kret
Nonthaburi
13o- 53' - 47"
100o- 29' - 39"
24
Phra Ram VI Bridge
Bang Kruai
Nonthaburi
13o- 48' - 45"
100o- 30' - 53"
28
Ban Khaek
Bang Sai
Phra Nakhon
14o- 11' - 33"
Si Ayutthaya
100o- 30' - 23"
99o- 32' - 22"
30
Ban Prok
Mueang
Pathum Thani
14o- 01' - 12"
100o- 32' - 22"
33
Ban Pom
Mueang
Phra Nakhon Si
14o- 20' - 19"
Ayutthaya
100o- 32' - 56"
34
Ban Pom
Bang Ban
Phra Nakhon Si
14o- 22' - 08"
Ayutthaya
100o- 31' - 53"
: ; :

Code
C.18

Water Level
Type of
Period
Gage
V
1956-1959

Discharge
Data
-

C.19

1957-1968

C.22

1953-1961
1962-Cont'd
1959-1968

C.23

V
A
V

C.29

1979-1982

C.31

A
V

1986-Cont'd
1984-1997

C.34

1992-1997

C.35

1997-Cont'd

2-35

2 - 15
Location
No.

At or Near

Amphoe

Water Level
Changwat

Approx.

Code

Lat.N-Long.E
1
2
3
4

Phrae
Pa Maet
Wat Si Suphan
Phatthana Phak

Mueang
Mueang
Mueang
Mueang

Period

Gage

Phrae

18o-08' - 35"

Phrae

100o- 08' - 08"

18o- 08' - 33"

Y.1A

Phrae

100o- 07' - 48"

18o- 08' - 33"

Phrae

100o- 07' - 41"

18o-07' - 59"

Y.1

Data
1930-1944

1955-1956

1949-1955
-

Y.1B

1972-1980

1972-1978

Y.1C

1979-1980

1979-Cont'd

1981-Cont'd

100 -07' - 39"

Discharge

1930-1971

Nua 8 Bridge

Type of

(Ban Nam Khong)

5

Ban Wang Din

Song

Phrae

18o- 31' - 13"

100o- 09' - 47"

Y.2

1942-1953

1943-1953

Sawankhalok

Sawankhalok

Sukhothai

17o- 18' - 43"

99o- 49' - 55"

Y.3

1950-1959
1964-1967

Sawankhalok

Sawankhalok

Sukhothai

17o- 18' - 29"

Y.3A

1967-Cont'd

1967-Cont'd

Y.4

1950-Cont'd

1950-1960
1962-1980

99 - 49' - 43"
8

Talat Thani

Mueang

Sukhothai

17o- 00' - 18"

99o- 49' - 31"

1990-Cont'd

2-36
Location
No.
9

10
11
12

At or Near
Pho Thale

Ban Kaeng Luang

Ban Wat Noi
Ban Pak Klang

Amphoe
Pho Thale

Si Satchanalai
Si Satchanalai
Long

Water Level
Changwat
Phichit

Approx.
Lat.N-Long.E

Code

Type of
Gage

Period

Discharge
Data

16o- 05' - 35"

100o- 15' - 48"

Y.5

1951-1956
1967-1969

1967-1969
1991-1998

Y.6

A
V

1973-Cont'd
1952-1957

1952-Cont'd

1958-Cont'd
1953-1998

Sukhothai

17o- 26' - 03"

Sukhothai

99o- 47' - 32"

17o- 25' - 53"

Y.7

A
V

Phrae

99o- 47' - 40"

18o- 03' - 00"

Y.8

1954-1997

99 - 48' - 53"
15
16
17

Ban Nun
Ban Pak Ngao
Ban Pak Ngao

Song
Song
Song

Phrae

18o- 28' - 40"

Y.11

1949-1960

1949-1960

Phrae

100o- 09' - 30"

18o- 35' - 50"

Y.12

1955-1961

Phrae

100o- 09' - 13"

18o- 35' - 41"

Y.12A

1958-1961

Y.14

1964-Cont'd

1964-Cont'd

Y.15

1967-Cont'd

1967-1969

100o- 09' - 07"

20

Ban Don Rabiang

Si Satchanalai

Sukhothai

17o- 35' - 42"

o

21

Ban Kong

Kong Krailat

Sukhothai

99 - 43' - 08"
16o- 55' - 47"
99o- 57' - 41"

2-37
Location
No.

At or Near

Amphoe

Water Level
Changwat

Approx.
Lat.N-Long.E

Code

Type of
Gage

Period

Discharge
Data

22

Bang Rakam

Bang Rakam

Phitsanulok

16o- 45' - 35"

100o- 07' - 40"

Y.16

1967-Cont'd

1967-1969
1995-Cont'd

23

Sam Ngam

Sam Ngam

Phichit

16o- 30' - 50"

100o- 12' - 40"

Y.17

1967-Cont'd

1967-1980
1990-Cont'd

26

Ban Ngao Sak

Song

Phrae

18o- 35' - 03"

100o- 09' - 17"

Y.20

V
A

1971-1971
1972-Cont'd

1972-Cont'd

37

Highway Bridge
(Ban Thung Nong)

Chiang Muan

Phayao

18o- 57' - 27"

100o- 16' - 08"

Y.31

V
A

1983-1995
1996-Cont'd

1996-Cont'd

39

Ban Khlong Tan (1)

Si Samrong

Sukhothai

17o- 10' - 05"

Y.33

1990-Cont'd

1990-Cont'd

Y.37

1999-Cont'd

1999-Cont'd

99 - 51' - 52"
42

Ban Mai Klang

44
45

17o- 53' - 41"

99o- 36' - 27"

Wang Chin

Phrae

Thung Saliam

Sukhothai

Y.39

1999-Cont'd

Pho Thale

Phichit

Y.40

1999-Cont'd

1999-Cont'd

:
:

2-38

2 - 16
No.
At or Near

27
73
2
1
22
21
44
15
29
11
12
18
19
20
31
3
4
5
34

Code

Location
Ban Mon
Ban Pha Khwang
Ban Tha Chang

Amphoe
Thung Chang
Mueang
Mueang

Changwat
Nan
Nan
Nan

Latitude

Longitude

19o- 24' - 34"

100o- 52' - 05"

19 - 00' - 31"
o

18 - 47' - 00"
o

Water Level
Gage type

Period

Discharge
data

N.17

1964-1969

1964-1988

N.64

1994-Cont'd

1994-Cont'd

N.1A

1954-1963

1954-1962

100 - 47' - 18"

100 - 47' - 22"

Forestry Office

Mueang

Nan

18 - 46' - 23"

100 - 46' - 51"

N.1

1922-1956

1922-1953

Highway Bridge

Wiang Sa

Nan

18o- 33' - 12"

100o- 46' - 08"

N.13A

1987-1998

1987-Cont'd

Ban San

Wiang Sa

Nan

18o- 32' - 06"

100o- 46' - 06"

N.13

1959-1962

1959-1974

Kaeng Sarang

Wiang Sa

Nan

18o- 24' - 19"

100o- 51' - 05"

N.35

1966-1991

1966-1991

Kaeng U Luang

Tha Pla

Uttaradit

18o- 02' - 03"

100o- 34' - 38"

N.9

1952-1957

1952-1957

Ban Hat Li

Tha Pla

Uttaradit

17o- 50' - 55"

100o- 29' - 14"

Tha Pla
Tha Pla

Tha Pla
Tha Pla

Uttaradit
Uttaradit

17 - 47' - 59"
o

17 - 47' - 50"
o

N.21

1961-1962

N.6

1951-1958

N.6A

1954-1970

1954-1970

100 - 32' - 18"

100 - 31' - 56"

Kaeng Phasom
Ban Pak Pat

Tha Pla
Tha Pla

Uttaradit
Uttaradit

17 - 45' - 28"
17o- 44' - 12"

100 - 34' - 00"

100o- 33' - 27"

N.11
N.12

V
V

1955-1968
1955-1957

Ban Hat Phai

Ban Phra Fang

Tha Pla
Mueang

Uttaradit
Uttaradit

17o- 44' - 10"

17o- 38' - 16"

100o- 32' - 28"

100o- 14' - 02"

N.12A
N.23

V
V

1966-1967
1963-1997

1966-Cont'd
1964-1981

Tha It
Tha It

Mueang
Mueang

Uttaradit
Uttaradit

17o- 37' - 16"

17o- 36' - 58"

100o- 06' - 20"

100o- 06' - 07"

N.2
N.2A

V
A

1933-1962
1962-1974

1932-1961
1962-1974

Ban Mon Mai

Tron

Mueang
Tron

Uttaradit
Uttaradit

17o- 36' - 30"

17o- 29' - 00"

100o- 06' - 08"

100o- 06' - 58"

N.2B
N.26

A
V

1973-1992
1965-1997

1975-1981
1965-1987

2-39
No.
At or Near

6
69
8
7
36
35
10
9
13
16
17
14
24
23
46
76
77
78
82
83

Code

Location
Amphoe

Changwat

Latitude

Longitude

Water Level
Gage type

Period

Discharge
data

Ban Hat Song

Ban Hat Song

Tron
Tron

Uttaradit
Uttaradit

17o- 24' - 50"

17o- 24' - 50"

100o- 07' - 50"

100o- 07' - 50"

N.3
N.60

V
V

1944-1946
1986-1992

1986-Cont'd

Phichai School

Phichai

Uttaradit

17o- 16' - 58"

101o- 04' - 53"

N.4A

1973-1989

1974-1982

Ban Wang

Phichai

Uttaradit

17 - 16' - 20"

100 - 04' - 52"

N.4

1946-1947

1946-1947

Phrom Phiram

Phrom Phiram

Phitsanulok

17o- 01' - 54"

100o- 11' - 05"

N.27A

1980-1985

1980-Cont'd

Phrom Phiram

Phrom Phiram

Phitsanulok

17o- 01' - 37"

100o- 12' - 12"

N.27

1965-1989

1965-1979

Muang

Mueang

Phitsanulok

16o- 49' - 15"

100o- 15' - 49"

N.5A

1963-Cont'd

1966-Cont'd

Ban Wat Chan

Mueang

Phitsanulok

16o- 48' - 35"

100o- 15' - 37"

N.5

1922-1928

1950-1965

Phichit

Mueang

Phichit

16o- 26' - 31"

100o- 21' - 11"

Taphan Hin

Taphan Hin

Phichit

16 - 13' - 03"
o

N.7

1934-Cont'd

1944-1949

N.10

1954-1972

1954-1973

100 - 25' - 26"

Taphan Hin
Bang Mun Nak

Taphan Hin
Bang Mun Nak

Phichit
Phichit

16 - 12' - 42"
16o- 01' - 50"

100 - 25' - 01"

100o- 22' - 53"

N.10A
N.8

A
V

1971-Cont'd
1951-Cont'd

1978-1984
1951-1980

Wat Luang Pho

Chum Saeng

Chum Saeng
Chum Saeng

Nakhon Sawan
Nakhon Sawan

15o- 53' - 56"

15o- 53' - 41"

100o- 18' - 34"

100o- 18' - 44"

N.14A
N.14

V
V

1971-1971
1954-1970

1978-1981
1954-1970

Ban Thap Krit

-

Chum Saeng
Chum Saeng

Nakhon Sawan
Nakhon Sawan

15o- 45' - 19"

100o- 15' - 35"

N.37
N.67

V
V

1967-Cont'd
1997-1998

1967-1981
1997-Cont'd

Ban Tha Trakean

Mueang

Phitsanulok

N.68

1999-Cont'd

1999-Cont'd

Ban Na Thung Yai

Nakhon Thai

Phitsanulok

N.69

1999-Cont'd

1999-Cont'd

Ban Nong Mae Na

Bang Krathum

Khao Kho
Bang Krathum

Phetchabun
Phitsanulok

N.73
N.74

V
V

1999-Cont'd
1999-Cont'd

: ; : latitude

2-40

2.4.2
(Rating
curve)

( )

(Gage
height)

(Flow
rate)


2 14
30

25

H (m)

20

y = 8.9385x0.1257
R = 0.9706

15
10
5
0
0

500

1000

1500
Q (m3/s)

2000

2500

3000

2 - 14

2.4.3


(Particle
stability)

( )
(Channel stability)

2-41

(River
flow
kinematics)
(Conservation of mass) (Equation of motion)
(Sediment transport) 20
(River flow kinematics)

dvx
dv y

dvz

v x
v
v
v
dt x dx x dy x dz
t
x
y
z
v y
t

dt

v y
x

dx

v y
y

dy

v y
z

dz

v z
v
v
v
dt z dx z dy z dz
t
x
y
z

ax
ay
az

dvx v x
v
v
v

vx x v y x vz x
dt
t
x
y
z
dv y
dt

v y
t

vx

v y
x

vy

v y
y

vz

v y
z

dvz v z
v
v
v

vx z v y z vz z
dt
t
x
y
z

(Conservation of mass)
m

m v x m v y m v z 0
t
x
y
z

(Sediment transport)
G 1g
d* d s
2

20

2
0
u*

s d s G 1gd s

Pierre Y. J., River Mechanics, Cambridge University Press, 2002

2-42

/
Cv qtx qty qtz

0
t
x
y
z
zi
TEi Qtxi

t 1 p0 Wx

iRIC (International River

Interface
Cooperative)
version
2.1
64
bits
(river flow and riverbed variation)
MD_SWMS USGS (U.S. Geological Survey)
RIC-Nays Foundation of Hokkaido River Disaster Prevention Research Center

2.5

427/2546
5
2546
21 430/2554 7 2554

2546

1 4

15

( )
15

21

430/2554 7 2554

2-43

2.6

(1)
(2)
(3)

(Slope Stability) (Sheet Pile

Wall) (Scouring Protection) (4)

2.6.1
3
3





2 15 3

2.6.2
-


-
( )

2-44

2-45

()

()

2 - 15

()

2-46

3




2 ( )
1 1.00







2 - 17
0.42 0.33 0.25

2 - 17

1

1

2

2
1
2

1
1
1

4
3
5
12

0.33
0.25
0.42
1.00

2-47

2.6.3




( 2 1 6)
(un-drain)
(drain) (partial drain)

(unknown
variables)

Ordinary Method Simplified Bishop
Method Spencer Method

2-48

1.5
1.3

1.5
1.3
KU Slope Version 2.1
.. STB2010 Arnold Verruijt,
Delft University of Technology

2 - 16

2.6.4

22
(Soil mechanics)
(Active
pressure) (Ka)
(Passive
pressure)
22

5 (Cantilever)

2-49

(Kp)
(free earth method)
( fix
earth
method)



( 2 - 17)
(Kp) Braja M. Das
2 - 18


Fleming23
1:
3

( 2 - 19)

23

Fleming W.G.K. et al, Piling Engineering 2nd edition, Johnson Wiley & Sons, Inc. 1992, p. 235 - 236

2-50

()Free earth method

()Fixed earth method

2 - 17

2 - 18
24

24

Das B. M., Principles of Foundaton Engineeirng 5th edition, Thomson Brooks/Cole, 2004, p. 412

2-51

H/2

2 - 19

( 2 - 20)25

25

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, EM 1110-2-2504 Engineering and Design: Design of Sheet Pile Walls,
Washington, DC, 1994, p. 4-5 4-7

2-52
(strip load)

(line load)

(ramp load)

(triangular load)

2 - 20

2-53

Rowe26
RM



M des M max R M

M m ax

Free earth method

RM

( 2 - 21)27

H 4 EI

H
E

()
(/ )
( 4)

S n 1.25 c p v

pv

26

( )

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, EM 1110-2-2504 Engineering and Design: Design of Sheet Pile Walls,
Washington, DC, 1994, p.6-4
27
Azizi F. 50% RM )clean sand (
25% )dense or medium silty sand)
(Azizi Fethi, Applied Analyses in Geotechnics, E & FN Spon, London,
2000, p.612-613)

2-54

2 - 21




2 - 2 2
(H1)
(H2) (active side)
(passive side)
(seepage)

Azizi28
(Cantilever)

(Anchorage
sheet
pile)

28

Azizi Fethi, Applied Analyses in Geotechnics, E & FN Spon, London, 2000

2-55

SPW2006
Arnold Verruijt, Delft Univerity of Technology

2 - 22 29

2.6.5

30

29

Ken Plenins et al., Piling Engineer 3rd edition, Taylor & Francis, Newyork, 2009, p.233
30
Kaytech Engineered Fabrics (http://www.kaytech.co.za)

2-56

1) 3
( 2 23)

2 - 23
1
( ) (Nondispersive soil) (O95W) 150 300
(Dispersive soil) 10 15

( -
)

O95H < d90

O95H < 10*d50
O95H > 80

10 15

2-57

2
100 250
O95W < d50
3
3 d85 > 2.0



2
2) ( 2 24)

10

3)
- (Woven) % (POA: percentage
open area) 5%
- (Nonwoven)
60%
4)
5)

2 - 18 2 19

Soil Permeability, Ks (m/s)

2-58

2 - 24
2 - 18

2
2
2

100 .15 30 .

100 .15 30 .

I
X

II III IV V VI VII

X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X

2-59

2 - 19

CBR
Dart Test
Tensile strength

I
175
1.0
32
7

N
kN
mm
kN/m

II
225
1.5
28
9

III
IV
V
275 325 425
2.0
2.5
3.0
24
20
16
11
13
19

VI
525
4.0
14
25

VII
725
6.0
10
40

ASTM D4533-85
SABS 0221-88
CPA-1991
SABS 0221-88

2.65
(Stability
Factor)
1.231
32
D50 0.00594

Va3
0.5
avg

K 11.5

K1 1 sin 2 / sin 2

0.5

D 50
Va

d avg

31

()
(/)
()

30
U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration, Design of Riprap Revetment, Virginia,
1989, P.30
32

2-60

2.65

(Specific
Gravity
factor)
(Stability factor)

C sg

2.12

S s

1.5

C sg
S s

SF
C sf

1.2

1.5

C sf

SF

( 2 - 20)

2-61

2 - 20

( 30)
1.0-1.2

( 10
1.3 1.6
30)
( 10)
1.6 2.0
(0.3 0.6 )
(High turbulent flow)

: U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration, Design of Riprap Revetment,
Virginia, 1989

Hudson
D50

0.75H
cot1 / 3

(Interlock)
2 - 21
85% (
100, 50 15 )
2 - 21

()
()
1.5 D50 1.7D50
3.0 W50 5.0 W50
100
1.2 D50 1.4D50
2.0 W50 2.75 W50
85
1.0 D50 1.15D50
1.0 W50 1.5 W50
50
0.4 D50 0.6D50
0.1 W50 0.2 W50
15
: U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration, Design of Riprap Revetment,
Virginia, 1989, p.36

2-62

(D100) 1.5
0.3
50%
15 30

2.6.6



0421.5/ 144 22 2556

0421.5/3836 5 2555

2556

(http://www.price.moc.go.th/price/struct/index_new.asp)
. ()
(http://hq-srvtst-s08.pttplc.com/internet_test/TH/news-energy-fact-oilprice-outbound.aspx)