Aqueous Waste (Feed) Properties PF = 30 atm

pressure of feed stream volumetric flow rate of feed stream concentration of waste in feed stream osmotic pressure of feed stream

QF = 2.60E+01 m /hr 7.22E-03 m3/s CF = pF = 0.035 1.57 kmol/m3 atm

Hollow Fibre Reverse Osmosis (HFRO) Module Properties (if known) A= D2M/(K) = = ro = L= Ls = Sm = DPshell = 5.57E-08 1.82E-08 1.00E-03 4.20E-05 0.75 0.075 180 0.4 m/(atms) m/s kg/m/s m m m m
2

membrane permeability salt flux constant permeate viscosity outer radius of fibres inner radius of fibres fibre length seal length membrane area per module shell-side pressure drop per module

ri = 2.10E-05 m

atm

q = 1.03E+00 h = 7.50E-01 g = 6.94E-01 Membrane Transport Properties*: Ag = 3.87E-08 m/(atms) adjusted membrane permeability D2M/(K) = 1.82E-08 m/s salt flux constant

*If the transport properties are known for experimental measurements, enter them into the cells directly, if the other module properties are unknown. Other Process Specifications qF = 4.50E-04 m3/module/s n1 = 16 modules Pp = 1 atm vol. flow per module (same for all stages) no. of parallel modules in stage 1 permeate pressure

Purified Water Recovery Summary Flow Rate Summary Stage 1 = 2.97E-03 m3/s Stage 2 = 1.87E-03 m3/s Stage 3 = 1.10E-03 m3/s Total = 5.95E-03 m3/s 21.4 % recovery = 82.3 m /hr %
3

Concentration Summary Stage 1 = 8.34E-04 kmol/m3 Stage 2 = 1.05E-03 kmol/m3 Stage 3 = 1.07E-03 kmol/m3 Average = 9.44E-04 kmol/m3

Stage 1 Calculations

QF, PF, CF

Stage 1 16 modules

QR1, CR1, PR1

QP1, CP1, PP

The following calculations are made for 1 module (assumed to be identical for all 16) PR1 = DP1 = CR1 = 29.6 28.8 0.060 atm atm kmol/m3 reject pressure from stage 1 pressure drop across membrane for stage 1 reject waste concentration average solute concentration water flux in stage 1 water vol. flow per module

CS1 = 0.0473096 kmol/m3 Nwater1 = 1.03E-06 m3/m2s qP1 = 1.86E-04 m3/s

Assuming highly rejecting membranes, the approximate mass balance is used qF * CF = 1.58E-05 kmol/s (qF - qP1) * CR1 = 1.57E-05 kmol/s Mass balance = 1.618E-27 qR1 = 2.64E-04 m3/s QR1 = 4.23E-03 m /s Approximation check: qP1*CP1 << qF*CF Nsolute1 = 8.61E-10 kmol/m2s solute flux in stage 1 CP1 = 8.34E-04 kmol/m3 solute concentration in permeate stream qP1 * CP1 = 1.55E-07 kmol/s qF * CF = 1.58E-05 kmol/s solute flow in permeate stream per module solute flow in feed stream per module
3

solute flow in feed stream solute flow in reject stream

reject vol. flow per module total reject vol. flow

Stage 2 Calculations

QR1, CR1, PR1

Stage 2 n2 modules

QR2, CR2, PR2

QP2, CP2, PP

The following calculations are made for 1 module (assumed to be identical for all) PR1 = PR2 = DP2 = n2 = CR2 = 29.6 29.2 28.4 10 0.060 atm atm atm modules
3 3

feed pressure to stage 2 reject pressure from stage 2 pressure drop across membrane for stage 2 no. of parallel modules used in stage 2 feed flow rate to stage 2 per module reject waste concentration average solute concentration water flux in stage 2 water vol. flow per module

qR1' = 4.23E-04 m3/s kmol/m CS2 = 0.059693 kmol/m Nwater2 = 1.04E-06 m3/m2s qP2 = 1.87E-04 m /s
3

Assuming highly rejecting membranes, the approximate mass balance is used qR1' * CR1 = 2.52E-05 kmol/s (qR1 - qP2) * CR2 = 2.52E-05 kmol/s Mass balance = 0 reject vol. flow per module total reject vol. flow solute flow in feed stream per module solute flow in reject stream per module

qR2 = 2.36E-04 m3/s QR2 = 2.36E-03 m /s Approximation check: qP2*CP2 << qR1*CR1
3

Nsolute2 = 1.09E-09 kmol/m2s solute flux in stage 2 CP2 = 1.05E-03 kmol/m3 solute concentration in stage 2 permeate stream qP2 * CP2 = 1.96E-07 kmol/s qR1 * CR1 = 2.52E-05 kmol/s solute flow in stage 2 permeate stream per module solute flow in stage 2 feed stream per module

Stage 3 Calculations

QR2, CR2, PR2

Stage 3 n3 modules

QR3, CR3, PR3

QP3, CP3, PP

The following calculations are made for 1 module (assumed to be identical for all) PR2 = PR3 = DP3 = n3 = CR3 = 29.2 28.8 28 6 0.060 atm atm atm modules
3 3

feed pressure to stage 3 reject pressure from stage 3 pressure drop across membrane for stage 2 no. of parallel modules used in stage 3 feed flow rate to stage 3 per module reject waste concentration average solute concentration water flux in stage 2 water vol. flow per module

qR2' = 3.93E-04 m3/s kmol/m CS3 = 0.059844 kmol/m Nwater3 = 1.02E-06 m3/m2s qP3 = 1.84E-04 m /s
3

Assuming highly rejecting membranes, the approximate mass balance is used qR1 * CR1 = 2.35E-05 kmol/s (qR1 - qP2) * CR2 = 2.35E-05 kmol/s Mass balance = 1.4E-12 reject vol. flow per module total reject vol. flow solute flow in feed stream solute flow in reject stream

qR3 = 2.09E-04 m3/s QR3 = 1.25E-03 m /s Approximation check: qR3*CR3 << qR2*CR2
3

Nsolute3 = 1.09E-09 kmol/m2s solute flux in stage 3 CP3 = 1.07E-03 kmol/m3 solute concentration in stage 3 permeate stream qP3 * CP3 = 1.96E-07 kmol/s qR2' * CR2 = 2.35E-05 kmol/s solute flow in stage 3 permeate stream per module solute flow in stage 3 feed stream per module