ANSELMUS BOTIUS DE BOODT

A ALCHYMIE

IVO PUR
Das mineralogis !e "er# Anselm$s Boe%i$s &e Boo&%s' &es Lei(ar)%es *aiser R$&ol+s II,' Gemmarum et lapidum hitoria -Hana$' ./012 ge!3r% )$ &en (e&e$%en&s%en 4issens !a+%li5 !en Ta%en &er r$&ol+inis !en 6ra, Im Ra!men seines 78anso8!is%is !en9 *on%e:%es is% es ein Bei%rag )$r anal;%is !en $n& e:a#%en Ri !%$ng &er Na%$r4issens !a+%en, Der A$%or ging an &ie Pro(lema%i# 8rin)i8iell sa !li !' &es#ri8%i< $n& ra%ional !eran, Ans%elle &er in%$i%i<en $n& =(er5 sinnli !en Er#enn%nis (e<or)$g%e er &ie Empirie $n& &as logische Erwgen, &ie a$+ &er s !olas5 %is !en In%er8re%a%ion Aris%o%eles> +$?%en, Dami% s%imm% a$ ! &er Beri !% =(er seine er+olglosen al !emis%is !en E:8erimen%e na ! &er S !ri+% &es +ran)3sis !en Al !emis%en Ni olas Barna$& Commentariolum in Aenigmaticum quoddam Epitaphium Bononiae studiorum -Le;&en' .@1A2 =(erein, De Boo&% soll%e in einem B$ ! a$s &em Na !lass seines Va%ers ein Transm$%a%ions8$l<er +in&en' mi% &em es i!m gel$ngen sei' (ei einem ge4issen Prager Bol&s !mie& C$e #sil(er in Bol& )$ <er4an&eln -o++en(ar .@DD2 $n& &es "ei%eren &as #$r)e Tra#%a% Cymbalum aureum, na ! &em er mi% &em Lan&es8ro(ierer Pa<el Briemiller a$s TEe(s#o -)4is !en .@DD $n& .@1F2 la(orier%e, Na ! &em Misser+olg &ieser Ar(ei%en soll%e &e Boo&% gegen=(er &er Trans5 m$%a%ionsal !emie 4ie&er einen reser<ier%en S%an&8$n#% eingenommen !a(en, "ie a$s seinem mineralogis !en "er#' &as eine Rei!e <on Anlei%$ngen )$r Hers%ell$ng <on Me&i#a5 men%en a$s E&els%einen en%!Gl%' !er<orge!%' 4ar er An!Gnger $n& *enner &er )ei%gen3ssis !en C!emia%rie' also &er Hers%ell$ng <on Ar)ne5 ien a$+ Br$n&lage &er Le!re <on Para els$s,

Me)i $Hen i' #%eEI 8Jso(ili $ &<ora IsaEe R$&ol+a II,' 8a%EI <K)namnL mIs%o lL#aEi a mi5 neralogo<i Anselm$ BoM%io<i &e Boo&%o<i -.@@05./FN2' OenP <;%<oEil < Pra)e s<L )Q#la&5 nI <R&e #L &Ilo Gemmarum et lapidum historia -Hana$' ./012.' 8rQ<em 8o<aPo<anL )a 8r<nI s;s%ema%i #o$ #lasi+i#a i &o8os$& )nQmK ! minerQlJ, PJ<o&nR <;s%$&o<al 8rQ<a' %Rm se <Sa# <e s<Lm )ralLm Pi<o%R ne<Rno<al' ne(oT OeO 8lnR )a$Oal; 8EIro&nI <R&;, Ua# &os<R&H$OI Oe!o ro)sQ!lQ al(a 8o&le 8EIro&; 8ro<e&enK ! male( ros%lin a Pi<oHi !JN' )a(K<al se #romR lL5 #aEs%<I a mineralogie %LP (o%ani#o$ a )oologiI, DQle se 8ro+ilo<al Oa#o er$&o<anK !$manis%a'
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ne(oT 8o smr%i Ua o(a T;8o%ia na8sal #omen5 %QEe #e %Ee%Im$ s<a)#$ S%ra&o<K ! a Sa&elero5 <K ! Symbola divina et humana3, a < 8o)&nIm o(&o(I s<L!o Pi<o%a i Oa#o a$%or nQ(oPens#L &$ !o<nI 8oe)ie, *romR %o!o mRl V)#K <)%a! # !$&(R a #om8ono<al 8ro lo$%n$, De Boo&% se naro&il se ro#$ .@@0 < Br$g5 gQ ! <e <K)namnL #a%oli #L aris%o#ra%i #L ro5 &inR, Ue!o o%e Anselm &e Boo&% -.@.15.@DA2 (;l o( !o&nI#em a &lo$!ole%Km Hlenem mRs%5 s#L ra&;, Ue!o s;n )aHal s%$&o<a% na $ni<er)i%R < Lo<ani ro#$ .@// a #olem ro#$ .@AF o&eSel 8o#raHo<a% <e s%$&iI ! 8rQ< na $ni<er)i%$ < Orleans$' #&e' Oa# se 8Ee&8o#lQ&Q' i )a<rSil s<Q s%$&ia i<ilnI!o a #anoni #L!o 8rQ<a, Po%L <e&la Oe!o es%a &o Pa&o<; -.@A/2 a o &<a ro#; 8o)&ROi se na<ra I &o Br$gg' #&e )aHInQ 8ra o5 <a% Oa#o mRs%s#K VEe&nI#, Ni mLnR %L!oP ro#$ )Is#ali <e mRs%R mo #al<inis%L a Oa# Anselm' %a# i Oe!o o%e ' m$seli o&eOI% )e s8rQ<; mRs%a, AnselmJ< o%e se &o nI 8o )mRnR mo ens#K ! 8omRrJ ro#$ .@DW na<ra I' a<Sa# Oe!o s;n OiP !le&Q s<L $8la%nRnI Oin&e, W Me)i lL%; .@AD a .@DF' #&; 8Ei !Q)I &o Pra!; na 8o)<QnI Vi5 lLma ) RoPm(er#a@' m$selo &oOI% < &e Boo&5 %o<K ! )QOme ! # <K)namnL )mRnR orien%a eX %LP <Sa# l)e $<aPo<a% o %om' Pe se %e8r<e %e!&; mo!l; o%e<EenR 8roOe<i% &e Boo&%o<; oso(nI as8ira e a in#lina e # lL#aEs%<I a 8EIro&nIm <R&Qm, To%o o(&o(I (;lo (e)8o !;(; <;8lnR5 no &alSI peregrinatio academica, Oa# os%a%nR &o#a)$Oe i +a#%' Pe se <e s<Lm !la<nIm minera5 logi #Lm &Ile !lQsI # sla<nLm$ lL#aEi' +iloso+o5 <i a %eologo<i T!omas$ Eras%o<i -.@NF5.@DF2 Oa#o #e s<Lm$ 78re e8%oro<i9, Ten 8Ee&nQSel < le%e ! .@@D5.@D0 < Hei&el(erg$' ni mLnR &e Boo&%J< ima%ri#$laHnI )Q8is se na %amnI $ni<er)i%R ne&o !o<al, YJs%Q<Q %e&; o%Q)#o$' #&e se s Eras%em se%#al a Oa#Q (;la 8o<a!a Oe5 Oi ! #on%a#%J' ni mLnR (lI)#os% &e Boo&%o<a a Eras%o<a #ri%i #L!o 8EIs%$8$ # 8ara elsiQns#L al !;mii Oe < %om%o smRr$ signi+i#an%nI, Ro#$ .@D/ o& !Q)I &e Boo&% ) Pra!; o8R% s%$&o<a% &o Pa&o<;' %en%o#rQ% lL#aEs%<IX )a8sal se < )QEI a OiP )a ro# )Is#al &o#%ors#K %i%$l' oP l)e <;5 s<R%li% 8o$)e %Im' Pe (;lo a# e8%o<Qno Oe!o &EI5 <ROSI s%$&i$m, Y Pa&o<; se <ra I &o Pra!; a )a nR#oli# mQlo mRsI J Oe ro#$ .@DD Omeno<Qn

&<ornIm lL#aEemZ ho medico cum privilegio e!ercendi pro!im "r #$ Anselmus de Boodt$% * %om$%o ro#$ se s neO<R%SI 8ra<&R8o&o(nos%I <QPe i )8rQ<a o &e Boo&%o<R al !;mis%i #L e:8erimen%a i -<i) nIPe2, V %L%o +$n# i 8Jso(I $ &<ora ./ le%' OeP (;l; (e)8o !;(; <;8lnRn; mineralogi #Kmi a lL#aEs#o5+ arma#ologi #Kmi <K)#$m;' neP Oe ., le&na ./0W Omeno<Qn oso(5

&ituln' list prvn'ho vyd(n' de Boodtova mineralogic)*ho d'la + ro)u ,%-.

nIm lL#aEem R$&ol+a II, s mRsIHnIm 8la%em W0 +lorLnJ a <Ksa&o$' )eOe #romR <;PQ&QnI )8roS5 %Rn &ennI sl$P(;, AI ) %L%o o#olnos%i Oe )EeOmL' Pe si OeO IsaE enil 8Ee&e<SIm Oa#o mineraloga, *&;P (;lo Oe!o mineralogi #L &Ilo o 8R% le% 8o)&ROi <;&Qno' )a8la%il IsaE a$%oro<i .000 +lorLnJ,D Po IsaEo<R smr%i ro#$ ./.N &e Boo&% )Js%al OeS%R &<R lL%a < Pra)e' a 8a# se &e+ini%i<nR <rQ%il &o ro&nK ! Br$gg, De Boo&%o<o !la<nI <R&e #L &Ilo' ro)sQ!lL Gemmarum et lapidum historia ) ro#$ ./01' Oe ro)&Rleno &o &<o$ nes%eOnR ro)sQ!lK ! #ni!Z Pr<nI ) ni !' ro)sa!em menSI a <)ni#em s neO5 <R%SI 8ra<&R8o&o(nos%I 8o)&ROSI' Oe <Rno<Qna

%eore%i #Km )Qsa&Qm a$%oro<; mineralogie' )a%Im o &r$!Q 8EinQSI so$8is /WA minerQlJ -<He%nR +osIliI2' $<Q&ROI I OeOi ! loPis#a' mor5 +ologi #L !ara#%eris%i#; a < ne8osle&nI Ea&R i <li< na Hlo<R#a a lL#aEs#L <;$Pi%I, De Boo&% Oa#o 8r<nI s%$&$Oe o8%i #L <las%nos%i minerQlJ a s<Km )8Jso(em i an%i i8$Oe S%enono<$ #r;s5 %alogra+ii a Mersenno<$ #or8$s#$lQrnI %eorii' nach(+' s8oOi%os% me)i !$s%o%o$ a <Q!o$' &e5 m; s%i+i#$Oe <)ni# +osIliI' )a(K<Q se %eoriI (are< a 8EinQSI i %e !ni #o$ S#Ql$ %<r&os%i, 1 Ve s<L #ni)e se snaPI )a !;%i% a 8re)en%o<a% &osa<a&nI mineralogi #L nQ)or;' 8roHeP 8EinQSI i mno!o V&aOJ o )Q)raHnK ! <las%nos%e ! &ra!K ! #a5 menJ' legen& o OeOi ! 8J<o&$ a <;$Pi%I' a %o neOen ) Plinio<; /istoria naturalis, ale i ) &o5 (o<L !erme%i #L li%era%$r;' )<lQS%R ) 8rosl$lL!o a <e s<L &o(R <eli e <li<nL!o &Ila Biam(a%%is%; &ella Por%; 0agiae naturalis 1ibri 2iginti -8r<5 nI <;&QnI Nea8ol .@@W2, Ue %Ee(a )&Jra)ni%' Pe &e Boo&% se s%a<I # %Rm%o )8rQ<Qm s#e8%i #; a < 8rin i8$ o&mI%a<R' a +a#%' Pe $ ni ! nenI 8o#aP&L 8Ei&Qno nega%i<nI <;OQ&EenI' <;8lK<Q 8o$)e ) %o!o' Pe &e Boo&% ne I%il 8o%Ee($ ne$s%Qle o8a#o<a% s<Q %eore%i #Q s%ano<is#a' #%erQ < 8r<nI #ni)e <;s<R%lil <elmi )Ee%elnR a 8o%L OeS%R nR#oli#rQ% )o8a#o<al,.0 Pro <)ni# &Ila (;lo %LP (e)8o !;(; mimoEQ&nR &JlePi%L' PeOe 8o&8oro<al IsaE R$&ol+ II, a $moPnil &e Boo&%o<i s%$&o<a% minerQl; < Oe!o #$ns%#o5 moEe' )a oP &e Boo&% <e s<L #ni)e <;Oa&E$Oe IsaEi nR#oli#rQ% s<o$ <&RHnos%, V rQm i 78anso+i #L!o9 #on%e:%$ r$&ol+In5 s#L <R&; a #$l%$r; se &e Boo&%o<o &Ilo 8ro+il$5 Oe Oa#o 8EIs8R<e# # anal;%i #Lm$ a e:a#%nIm$ smRr$ %e!&eOSI 8EIro&o<R&;, A$%or se < nRm snaPI 8Eis%$8o<a% # 8ro(lema%i e minerQlJ < )Qsa&R <R nR' &es#ri8%i<nR a )&rPenli<R ra ionQlnR, NamIs%o in%$i%i<nI!o' na&sm;slo5 <L!o 8o)nQnI' %;8i #L!o 8ro no<o8la%[ns#o$ renesanHnI magii' &e Boo&% Oe&no)naHnR 8re5 +er$Oe em8irii a logi #L $<aPo<QnI <; !Q)eOI I )e s !olas%i #L in%er8re%a e Aris%o%elo<a 8oOe%I 8EIro&;, V 8rin i8$ o&mI%Q %eorii analogie ma#ro#osm$ a mi#ro#osm$' s8ol$ s <li<em !<R)& na 8o)ems#K 7s$(l$nQrnI9 s<R%, To OeO (e)8o !;(; <elmi <)&al$Oe OinKm <K)namnKm 8ro%agonis%Jm r$&ol+Ins#L 8EIro&o<R&;' a %o Oa#
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na8EI#la& Os<al&$ Crollo<i -#ol, .@/05./012 o(; 8Ee&s%a<i%eli 8ara elsiQns#L!o lL#aEs%<I' 8e<nR s8oOenL!o s %eoriI signa%$r ..' %a# i Uo5 !annes$ *e8lero<i -.@A.5./F02' OeOP si e s &e Boo&%em s8oOo<ala e:a#%nos% a 8EIsnR ra ionQl5 nI 8EIs%$8 # 8EIro&R' ale na s%ranR &r$!L se o&

#e Boodt3v portr*t od Aegidia Sadelera + 4eho d'la Gemmarum et lapidum historia 5,%-.6

mo&ernI !emie,.N V &e Boo&%o<R 8EI8a&R O&e 0 )aOIma<o$ +ase%$ < rJ)noro&os%i 8os%oOJ' OeP (;l; < in%ele#%$QlnIm 8ros%Ee&I R$&ol+o<a &<o ra )a$OImQn; # !erme%i #Km' al !;mis%i #Km a magi #Km na$#Qm, Ta%o rJ)noro&os% )8R% nR <r!Q )aOIma<L s<R%lo i na IsaEe o(; OeOi ! me enQSe, Do ro#$ .@DD' #&; se &e Boo&% <rQ%il )e s%$&ia lL#aEs%<I < Pa&o<R &o Pra!; a (;l 8EiOa% )a &<ornI!o lL#aEe' s8a&Q s neO<R%SI 8ra<&R8o5 &o(nos%I $&Qlos%' #%ero$ Oa#o 8r<nI $<e&l <e s<Lm &Ile Commentariolum in Aenigmaticum quoddam Epitaphium Bononiae studiorum$$$ -Lei&en .@1A2 +ran o$)s#K al !;mis%a a #al5 <Ins#K a#%i<is%a Ni olas Barna$& -.@FD 5 8Ee& ./0A2.F' OenP 8o(K<al < &e<a&esQ%K ! le%e ! ./, s%ole%I < Pra)e a (;l )&e < #on%a#%$ s $Hen i .me enQSi' )a(K<aOI Imi se al !;miI.WX o& nR!o Oi 8o%L 5 <R%Sino$ <e )#rQ enL 8o&o(R 5 8Ee<)ala Ea&a &alSI ! a$%orJ.@, U&e o $&Qlos%' #%erQ Oe 8ro 8o !o8enI &e Boo&%o<a <)%a!$ # al !;mii ) ela )Qsa&nI' a 8ro%oPe o(sa!$Oe nR#oli# )aOIma<K ! a &o8os$& ne8$(li#o<anK ! reQliI' <)%a!$OI I ! se # %e!&eOSIm$ <R&e #Lm$ a Eemeslni #Lm$ Pi<o%$ < Pra)e' o i%$Oi Oi in e!tenso$ Barna$& < V<o&$ s<L!o 8oOe&nQnI' #%erL Oe elL <Rno <Qno <K#la&$ enigma%i #L!o nQ8is$ )e s%arL!o mramoro<L!o nQ!ro(#$' 8EemI%Q neOen o Vlo)e o&!alo<QnI s#r;%L!o < al !;mis%i #L e:ege)i' ale %a#L o &Jsle& I !' OeP mJPe mI% nQ!o&nL nale)enI +iloso+i #L!o #amene' ne(oTi %a#o<K%o &ar nem$sI (K% 5 neOen 8o&le Oe!o nQ)or$ 5 (e) BoPI!o 8Eis8RnI nQlePi%R )!o&no enZ NR#&; se s%Q<Q' Pe Oso$ %a#o<L 8o#la&; <;#o8Qn; a %aOnR s%EePen;' a Pe Oe 8a# nenale)ne ani %en' #&o Oe Oi ! !o&en' a 8ro%o' Oe5li OiP 8o#la& <;#o8Qn' 8Ee5 ne !Q<Q se &alSI s%aros% na Bo!$ &Qr i, Pama%$Oi si' Pe nR o 8o&o(nL!o se 8Ei!o&ilo ne&lo$!o 8Ee&%Im' neP Osem se <rQ%il ) *ra#o<a &o Pra!;' #&e Osem 8EiOal 8o &o($ Oe&no!o a 8Jl ro#$ 8o5 !os%ins%<I $ <elmi %RnL!o a $HenL!o m$Pe' Sle !%i e Ta&eQSe HQO#a' &o#%ora lL#aEs%<I a sla<nL!o ma%ema%i#a, B;l Osem 8o)<Qn <elmi sla<nKm a <RHnL 8a5 mQ%#; !o&nKm 8anem VilLmem ) RoPm5

nR!o )Qsa&nR liSil < 8oOe%I #osmologie' )aloPe5 nLm na 8;%!agoreOs#; !Q8anL !armonii, Ya )<lQS%nI 8EI8a& &e Boo&%o<a <)%a!$ # 8anso+i #Km -a < SirSIm slo<a sm;sl$ !er5 me%i #Km2 i&eOIm l)e 8o<aPo<a% Oe!o <)%a! # al !;mii, Ua# $#a)$Oe &e Boo&%o<o &Ilo' Oe!o a$%or mRl o al !;mii 8ra#%i #L )nalos%i' ni mLnR Oe!o 8os%oO # nI (;l <elmi s8e i+i #K a o&8o<I&al &o(o<L &i+eren ia i al !;mie na nR#oli# smRrJ' #%erL se na&Qle <;<IOel; o&liS5 nR 5 8Ee&e<SIm se o& %ra&iHnI %ransm$%aHnI al !;mie &I#; Para elso<$ <#la&$ o&&Rlila Oa#o samos%a%nQ a <ni%EnR &Qle &i+eren o<anQ <R%e< ia%ro !emie Hi !;mia%rie' %e&; al !;mis5 %i #Q <Kro(a lL#J' ) nIP se 8os%$8nR <;<in$la
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(er#a' %e!&eOSIm mIs%o&rPI Im *rQlo<5 s%<I Hes#L!o./' a(; ! se o(; lL#aE s%aral o Oe!o )&ra<I' a STas%nKm EI)enIm os$&$ Osem nara)il na (elgi #L!o &o#%ora lL5 #aEs%<I Anselma &e Boo&%' s nImP Osem na<Q)al <elmi V)#L 8EQ%els%<I' OeP mi 8Ei5 nQSelo ra&os% i $Pi%e#, *&;P %en%o &o(rK m$P )aEI&il' a(; (;la 8Ei<e)ena ) Belgie &o Pra!; <eli#Q s(Ir#a #ni!' OiP mRl 8o s<Lm )emEelLm o% i' <Siml si Oe&nL #ni!;' #%ero$ Osem 8a# %a#L <i&Rl, B;la se8sQna na (eranI #JPi a OeOI %i%$l )nRl 7Yla%K im5 (Ql9, *&;P Oi &o#%or !%Rl 8o%Q!no$% 8er5 gameno<o$ #JPI -(;la %o%iP !rQnRna )lo5 menKmi &es#ami2' <;\al neO8r<e #o$se# )lomenL &es#; a $8ros%Ee& OeO 8Ee#<a8ila 8rQ)&nQ s#$lina 8o%aPenQ 8ergamenem, U<ni%E (;l Oa#Ksi 8a8Iro<K s<i%e#' < nRmP (;l enigma%i #o$ +ormo$ <;lIHen 8ro es <Kro(; #amene +iloso+J -os%a%nR nenale)l (;s ani Oe&no!o Hlo<R#a' #%erK (; OeO 8o8i5 so<al o%e<EenKm )8Jso(em2 a s8ol$ s nIm %am o(Oe<il i Her<enK 8rQSe# o <Q)e Oe&5 no!o grQn$, Na %o &o#%or Anselm$s' #%erK (;l aP &o %L &o(; neOos%EeOSIm ne8EI%elem +iloso+ie #o<J' $&Rlal 8o&le nQ<o&$ %L%o #ni!; )#o$S#$ a 8olo<in$ 8rQS#$ <loPil &o o!nR s8ol$ se r%$%I, *&;P $)Eel' Oa# se r%$T 8romRnila <e sl$n e ])la%o^' OeP se 8o&o(alo %om$ 8Eiro)enLm$' neO8r<e )a!oEel' 8a# )%$!l a !las m$ $<Q)l < !r&le -8Ee&Q<Qm %o' o Osem sl;Sel ) Oe!o Vs%2, Po%L se seSel s Ois%Km )nQmKm )la%nI#em' )nalKm %o!o%o $mRnI' a 8oPQ&al !o' a(; OeO na$Hil &es%ilo<a%,.A Ya %o m$ slI(il' Pe 8o#$& ($&e !%I%' $#QPe m$ %ransm$%a i r%$%i < o8ra<&o<L sl$n e -&o#%or An5 selm$s %o%iP $ !o<Q<al OeS%R 8olo<in$ ono!o grQn$ Her<enL!o 8rQS#$2, *&;P se %a#%o &oml$<ili' ro)&Rlil on$ )(K<a5 OI I 8olo<i i na &<R HQs%i a Oe&n$ 8Ee&al )la%nI#o<i, Ten %a#L )#$sil onen 8o#$s' <loPil 8o&le 8ra<i&el $mRnI r%$T &o o!nR a $<i&Rl' Oa# se )mRnila <e sl$n e, Po5 <aPo<al <Sa# )a Ois%L' Pe (;l &o#%orem o#lamQn' 8ros%Ee&ni %<Im )la%a' %aOnR <loPenL!o &o %;glI#$,.D YaSel %e&; )a &o#%orem' a %en%o &o(rK m$P' a(; )(a<il

)la%nI#a 8o !;(' m$ &al 5 ne8ro)Ira<R 5 )(;%e# ono!o 8rQS#$ a sQm se $ !Klil (R!em 8roOe# e' OiP )no<$ 8o&ni#al onen )la%nI#' na ) ela OinL mIs%o, *&;P )la%nI# $<i&Rl' Pe se 8o 8roOe# i o8R% )mRnila r%$T < His%L sl$n e' 8a&l na %<QE' <)&Q<al Bo!$ &I#; a <;8roSo<al si &o#%oro<o o&8$S%RnI, Po%om OeO na$Hil' Oa# s8ag;ri #; )a!EI5 <a% ]&es%ilo<a%^, Do#%or se 8a# 8o#o$Sel o onen 8ro es 8o&le li%er; -#%erQ )a(IOI2' a #&;P 8a# s8ol$ s Pa<lem Briemillerem' <r !nIm 8r$(IEem #o<J 8o<REenKm IsaE5 s#Km maOes%Q%em' marnR )#o$Sel %en%o 8ro es 8o&le mno!a OinK ! #ni!' $8$s%il o& sl$n e'.1 <)&al se <Se ! !emi #K ! na&ROI a )aHal se <Rno<a% nRHem$ OinLm$, Na#one elK 8os%$8 -#%erK se aP na nR5 #oli# <KOime# neliSI o& 8os%$8$ 8ra I' OeP 8o8sal _erneli$sN0 <e s<L #ni)e o s#r;%K ! 8EIHinQ ! <R I2 8Ee&al mnR a OQ OeO s BoPI 8omo I )<eEeO\$Oi a 8Eene !Q<Qm 8EI)ni +iloso+J' s8ol$ s &alSImi %e:%; o(sa!$OI I5 mi o(&o(nL a mnR <elmi &ra!L !emi #L 8os%$8;, N. De Boo&%J< o%e )emEel < ro e .@DA' %e&; 8rQ5 <R < &o(R' #&; Oe!o s;n &o#onHo<al s<Q s%$&ia < Pa&o<R' a (;lo (; 8o !o8i%elnL' Pe <;Ei)o<QnI &R&i %<I se $Oal o ro# 8o)&ROi' %O, ro#$ .@DD 8o nQ<ra%$ &o Pra!;, PrQ<R %e!&; (;l %LP 8EiOa% )a &<ors#L!o lL#aEe, Co se %KHe &<o$ 8os%a<' s nimiP mRl &e Boo&% s8ol$8ra o<a%' Barna$& (o!$Pel ne$<Q&I )la%nI#a' o& nR!oP &e Boo&% PQ&al 8o$HenI o )8Jso(e ! &es%ila e' OmLnem' ni mLnR o(e nR mJPeme EI i' Pe %en%o &r$! )Q5 Om$ a )nalos%I nem$sel (K% $ )mInRnL EemeslnL 8ro+ese neo(<;#lK, V)%a!; me)i Eemesl; )8ra5 o<Q<aOI Imi <)Q nL #o<; a al !;miI maOI <eli e &lo$!o$ %ra&i i a 8ro<Q)eOI elL &ROin; al !;mie o& 8rosl$lL!o Le;&ens#L!o 8a8;r$ ) F, s%ole%I aP &o .A, a .D, s%ole%I, S8oleHnL 8ole 8Ee&s%a<o<ala %e !nologi #Q (Q)e me%al$rgi #L' res8, %ransm$5 %aHnI al !;mie Oa#o 8rQ e s #o<;' )aloPenQ na OeOi ! HiS%RnI a )$Sle !To<QnI, _ran o$)s#K al5 !;mis%a Denis Ya !aire EI#Q <e s<Lm 7puscule tres e!cellent de la vray philosophie naturelle des m*tau! ) ro#$ .@/AZ 7Po%L' o Osem )aHal na<S%R<o<a% rJ)nL EemeslnI#; Oa#o )la%nI#;'
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slL<aHe' s#lQEe Hi <Kro( e 8e I' sl;Sel Osem o& ni ! o %oli#a &alSI !' Pe nemin$l mRsI ' a(; ! se nese)nQmil s <I e neP s%o<#o$ !le&aHJ, Ue&ni 8o$PI<ali %in#%$r; #o<J # 8roOe# Im' OinI # e5 men%a Im' &alSI # &isol$ Im' #onO$n# Im ne(o # 8omalLm$ <aEenI9, UinL )8rQ<; o )la%nI I ! <Rn$OI I ! se al !;mii 8EinQSI Ben<en$%o Celli5 ni <e 2lastn'm 8ivotopise -.@@D5.@/N2' o s%ole%I 8o)&ROi 8a# Uo!ann _rie&ri ! Hel<e%i$s < &Ile 2itulus aureus ) ro#$ .//A, Samo &e Boo&%em )mi\o<anL &es%ilo<QnI 8Ee&s%a<o<alo Oe&en )e )Q#la&nI ! 8ra o<nI ! 8os%$8J <;$PI<anK ! < al !;mii, V `es#K ! )emI ! < ./, s%ole%I l)e &oloPi%' Pe )la%nI i se #romR s<L!o Eemes5 la <Rno<ali i OinKm a#%i<i%Qm'NN i&en%i+i#o<a% )mInRno$ 8os%a<$ <Sa# (o!$Pel nel)e,NF S%eOnR Oa#o $ )la%nI#a' nenI )QOem o al5 !;mii ni#%era# ne%;8i #K ani 8ro 8r$(IEe' $ #%erL!o m$sel <;8lK<a% OiP ) 8o<a!; Oe!o 8ro+ese' ne(oT OeOI s%RPeOnI nQ8lnI (;lo 5 <e&5 le )#o$mQnI o(sa!$ #o<J < r$&Q ! 5 sle&o<QnI #<ali%; min e, 9m'n)a o VHas%i )ems#L!o 8r$5 (IEeNW Pa<la Briemillera ) TEe(s#aN@ -a5.@1F2 na &e Boo&%o<K ! al !;mis%i #K ! 8o#$se ! Oe ennQ %Im' Pe logi #; &o8l\$Oe &osa<a&nI 8o)na%#; o %L%o 8os%a<R, BriemillerJ< )QOem o al !;mii Oe &oloPen OiP <e s(ornI#$ )<anLm `es#Q al !;mieN/' #on<ol$%$ r$#o8isJ' #%erK <las%nil a &o8l\o<al al !;mis%a Ba<or ml, Ro&o<s#K ) H$s%iEan,NA V r$#o8is$ Ro&o<s#K $<Q&I' Pe o& Pa<la Briemillera )Is#al Oa#o <)Q nL &esi&era%$m re e8% -78ro es92' )a nROP 8J<o&nR Ois%K Leo8ol& o& `ernL!o slona )a8la%il mimoEQ&no$ s$m$ /000 %olarJ,ND PEi8o5 me\me < %L%o so$<islos%i' Pe Pa<el Briemiller (;l 8a%rnR < 8EI($)ens#Lm <)%a!$ s a$%orem <;ni#aOI I!o Hes#L!o il$mino<anL!o al !;5 mis%i #L!o r$#o8is$ :osarium philosophorum UaroSem Briemillerem ) TEe(s#a' #%erK s<L &Ilo ro#$ .@AD <Rno<al VilLmo<i ) RoPm(er#a, N1 Ue 8EI)naHnL' Pe &e Boo&% se o!le&nR s8ol$8rQ e na al !;mis%i #Lm &Ile o(ra I 8rQ<R na )la%5 nI#a a 8r$(IEe' a ni#oli na OinL!o al !;mis%$ -na8EI#la& Barna$&a' s nImP (;l 5Oa# <;8lK<Q ) %e:%$ 5 < 8EQ%els#K ! <)%a)I !2' ne(oT $ o(o$ %R !%o 8ro+esI mo!l 8Ee&8o#lQ&a% )aOiS%Rn$ &J#la&no$ )nalos% &o(o<L!o )#o$SenI #o<J' #%erL (;lo %e !nologi #; ) ela &os%aH$OI I
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# ro)e)nQnI &ra!K ! #o<J o& o(;HeOnK !, Ue %o < 8lnL s!o&R s &Jra)em' #%erK &e Boo&% #la5 &e <e s<Lm mineralogi #Lm &Ile na o<REo<QnI 8o)na%#J es%o$ )#$Senos%i, Co se %KHe mIs%a' #&e &e Boo&% s8ol$ s Briemillerem 8ro<Q&Rl s<L al !;mis%i #L e:8erimen%;' Oe <I e neP 8ra<&R8o&o(nL' Pe OIm mo!la (K% samos%a%nQ #omora' 7#&e al !;mia (;la9' < Briemillero<R &nes OiP nee:is%$OI Im &omR U HernL!o orla na ro!$ *a8ro<; $li e 8ro%i #os%el$ s<, Valen%ina' #%erK )a#o$8il ro#$ .@/.,F0 In<e%QE 8o)Js%alos%i OasnR $#a)$Oe )naHnK 8oHe% #ni! s o&(orno$ %Lma%i#o$' OeP Briemiller <las%nil -al !;mie' 8r$(IEs%<I' me%al$rgie' min o<ni %<I2' (o!$Pel 8o8is 7#ni! in +olio ro)liHneO ! N0' in b$ar%o <esmRs .009' #%erL (;l; &e8ono<Qn; 8EImo < Oe!o al !;mis%i #L la(ora%oEi a (e)8o !;(; se # nI (e)8ros%Ee&nR %Lma%i #; <Q)al;' < in<en5 %QEi ne(;l )a)namenQn,F. L)e 8Ee&8o#lQ&a%' Pe 8rQ<R < %L%o la(ora%oEi se Briemiller s8ol$ s &e Boo&%em 8o#o$Seli o reali)a i al !;mis%i #L!o Vel#L!o DIla' ne(oT Oe ) ela ne8ra<&R8o&o(nL' Pe (; &e Boo&% &$8li i%nR <;na#lQ&al )naHnL +inanHnI 8ros%Ee&#; na <;($&o<QnI ne)(;%nL!o %e !ni #L!o )Q)emI 8ro OeOi ! s8oleHno$ 8rQ i' #&;P %o%o (;lo # &is8o)i i, De Boo&%J< 8o)&ROSI &Jra) na )#$Senos% a <eri+i#o<a%elnos% e:8erimen%QlnI ! 8o)na%#J OeOi ! o8a#o<QnIm Oe <elmi &o(Ee moPnL $<Ls% &o so$<islos%i s Oe!o 8o$HenIm ) neVs8R !$ < al !;mis%i #L la(ora i, Y e8is%emologie' OiP &e Boo&% ro)<Q&I < Gemmarum et lapidum historia, os%a%nR Oe&no)naHnR <;8lK<Q' Pe !Q8e 8EIro&$ i li&s#o$ )#$Senos% a OeOI 8rin i8; na )Q#la&R 8rin i8$ identity, )a%Im o 8rin i8 analogie, na nRmP Oe )aloPeno al !;mis%i #L m;SlenI' m$ )Js%Q<Q i)I a Oe 8ro nRO ne8EiOa%elnK, Os%a%nR 8o&le Barna$&o<; <K%#; < Oe!o %e:%$ (;lo 8rQ<R %o%o ne8o !o8enI 8EIHino$ Oe!o ne)&ar$ -7li%era )a(IOI' &$ ! oPi<$Oe92, Veli e <Kml$<nKm &o#la&em %o!o%o )Q#la&nI!o ro)8or$ me)i &e Boo&%o<Km ra ionalis%i #Km $<aPo<QnIm' )aloPenKm na tertium non datur a enigma%i #o5#r;8%ologi #Km m;SlenIm al !;mis%J' < Oe!oP rQm i se <K)nam; 8o$Pi5 %K ! s;m(olJ a s;m(oli)a I mRnil; 8o&le #on5 %e:%$' < nRmP (;l; 8o$Pi%;' Oe Oe!o rea# e na neOasnK 8o8is )8ra o<QnI a)(es%$' #%erK i%$Oe

) &Ila Biam(a%%is%; &ella Por%;Z 7Y8Jso( Oe!o %#anI Oe &nes )a8omen$%, Ba%%is%a ) Por%; <e s<L #ni)e o 8EIro&nI magii &Q<Q naOe<o' Pe %en%o )8Jso( )nQ' ale Oe!o slo<a Oso$ %a# o(s#$rnI' Pe 8o$)e %en' #&o Oe OiP s %Im%o )8Jso(em o(e)nQ5 men' mJPe m$ 8oro)$mR% -Oes%liPe <J(e O&e o <;s<R%lenI2, Pro%oPe !o<oEI %a#%oZ Ua# Osem <i&Rl < BenQ%#Q !' mno!o sla(K ! Pen )nQ )8Jso(' Oa# OeO Hesa% a %#Q%, Ue&n$ #;8ers#o$ Pen$ Osem <i&Rl' Oa# <;%<oEila <e s<Lm o(;&lI < 8e<nos%i <el#L (o!a%s%<I, To%o < so$HasnL &o(R ne)nQmL' a<Sa# neOle8SI' <eli e $Pi%eHnL a 8Ee#rQsnL %aOems%<I' Oe %Ee(a &Q% <e )nQmos%' %Ee(a i S8a%nLm$ lL#aEi, Po%$& Por%a, V; !lo$(Q se' Pe se m$ &os%alo milos%i' ale ne)&Q se < %om (K% PQ&nL %aOems%<I' ne(oT 8o$)e 8o$#a)$Oe na mIs%o' aniP (; o)EeOmil )8Jso(, L)e sna& %o%o na)<a% 8Ee&QnIm %aOems%<Ia -,,,2 C! e5li' a(;5 !om s#r)e o(;&lI < i%a&ele Hi S8a%nL!o lL#aEe ro)$mRli nR o OinL!o' Oe %o %a# o(s#$rnI' Pe ani s%o Oi&i8V (; %o%o %aOems%<I neo&!alilo,9FN De Boo&% )&e $#a)$Oe' na#oli# !o %a#o<K%o )8J5 so( <;Oa&Eo<QnI 8EImo &rQP&I' ni mLnR ) %e:%$ <;8lK<Q &ale#o <I e 5 )8Jso( s;m(oli #L!o <K#la&$' OeOP )a<r!$Oe' Oe na8ros%o %;8i #K 8ro al !;mis%i #Q 8oOe&nQnI' OeP (e)8o !;(; )nal, Sar#as%i #L Sle!n$%I &ella Por%; 8omo I 7s%a Oi&i8V9 l)e samo)EeOmR !Q8a% o(e nR' Oa#o o&<olQ<#$ na %e!&; &o(Ee )nQmL m;%ologi #L %Lma sla<nL!o l$S%i%ele !Q&an#;' 8Ei8omInanL < &o(o<L li%era%$Ee' ni mLnR nel)e <;lo$Hi%' Pe s<o$ #ri%i#o$ &ella Por%; <e s#$%eHnos%i mIEI na Barna$&a'FF Oe!oP Commentariolum 8Ei8omIna5 OI I &e Boo&%J< al !;mis%i #K e:#$r)' )aHInQ slo<;Z 7Po%L' o Osem nara)il na %en%o nQ8is ]na nQ!ro(#$^' #%erK Osem )#o$mal s8ol$ s mno!a OinKmi' &Qle Osem 8Q%ral' )&a nROa#K m$P na5 &anK oidipovs);m duchem ])<Kra)nRno IP^ se ne$Oal <;s<R%lenI %o!o%o %aOems%<I,9FW U<e&enK s8or me)i e8is%emologi #Kmi 8rin i8; i&en%i%; a analogie ne(;l < &anL &o(R ni#%era# <KOimeHnK, PrQ<R nao8a#' ) ela %;8i #; se < nRm )r a&lila <el#Q 8romRna' OeP )a8oHala < 8olo<inR ./, s%ole%I a #on%in$QlnR 8o#raHo<ala < .A, s%ole%I < #onglomerQ%$ na$#' OeP (;l; <e s%Ee&o<R#$ a ranLm no<o<R#$ s!r5 no<Qn; 8o& 8oOem al !;mie, VK !o&is#em %R !%o )mRn (;lo Para elso<o 8oOe%I al !;mie

o(; 8ros%Ee&#$ # <Kro(R lLHi<K ! 7ar#Qn9, Ta%o 8ara elso<s#Q al !;mie (;la %LP na)K<Q5 na s8ag;riI' Hili 7$mRnIm o&&Rlo<a% a s8oOo5 <a%9' a 8rQ<R ) nI' %e&; ) a8li#a e !emie na <Kro($ lLHi<' se <;<in$la mo&ernI !emie, F@ A<Sa# Oe %Ee(a 8Ei8omeno$% Oe&en 8ara&o:nI r;s, Para els$s si e )a<Q&Rl &o me&i In; Oa#o lLHi<a 8EeHiSTo<anL s$(s%an e' )Qro<e\ <Sa# ne8Ees%Q<al )&Jra)\o<a%' Pe OeOi ! VHine# ne5 <;8lK<Q ) 8Jso(enI %R !%o s$(s%an I samK !' ale ) OeOi ! s8oOenI s as%rQlnImi silami, YmInRnL 78EeHiSTo<QnI9 mRlo sm;sl a VHel 8o%$&' 8o#$& <e&lo es%o$ al !;mis%i #K ! o8era I # na<Q5 )QnI <)%a!$ s ne(es#Kmi silami' o)naHo<anKmi < oso(i%L Para elso<R %erminologii Oa#o 7As%5 r$m9,F/ LL#aEem 8a# ne(;l Hlo<R#' ale %o%o As%5 r$m samo' s%eOnR Oa#o ne(;lo lLHeno %Rlo' nK(rP Oe!o in!eren%nI 7mi#ro#osmi #L9 #<ali%;' %e&; Oe!o <)%a!; a <a)(; # ma#ro#osm$, Ni mLnR ia%ro !emie a(s%ra!o<ala o& as%rQlnI ! <a)e( la(ora%ornI ! o8era I a $Hinila ) ni ! His%R ma%eriQlnI mani8$la e' < ni !P 8oslL)e )a$5 Oalo <J&HI 8os%a<enI !le&is#o #<an%i%a%i<nI ! 8omRrJ reag$OI I ! lQ%e#,FA S%eOnLm$ 8os%$8$ a(s%ra# e (;la 8o&ro(ena i Para elso<a 7%er5 minologie9' 8EesnROi Oe!o er$8%i<nI Oa);#' 8lnK neologismJ a 7(ar(arismJ9, Para elso<i nQsle5 &o<nI i se snaPili )8EIs%$8ni% Oe!o &Ila 8omo I OeOi ! 8Ee#la&J &o la%in; a s;s%emi)a e OeOi ! s;m(oli#;' oP <;Vs%ilo aP <e <;%<QEenI s8e5 iQlnI ! slo<nI#J, To$ mRro$' OIP %a%o re&$# e s;m(olJ < 8oOm; 8J<o&nI sm;sl Para elso<; me&i In; )as%Eela' 8Eis8Rla # mo!$%nLm$ ro)5 <oOi +arma e$%i #L !emie, De Boo&%o<a 8EIro&nI +iloso+ie a OeOI <)%a! # %ransm$%aHnI al !;mii $#a)$OI' na#oli# rJ)5 noro&Q (;la S#Qla oso(nos%I' #%erL se < o#olI R$&ol+a II, <I e Hi mLnR &Jm;slnR a seri[)nR )a(K<al; al !;miI' res8, !emiI, V;8lK<Q ) %o5 !o Oe&en )Q#la&nI r;s 7<R&e #L!o me enQ%$9 R$&ol+a II,' #%erK )a%Im ne(;l nQlePi%R )!o&5 no en, R$&ol+J< <K(Rr 8Ei angaPmQ <R& J se $#a)$Oe Oa#o <eli e 8rom;SlenK a ra ionQlnI' a<Sa# 5 a %o Oe %Ee(a )&Jra)ni% 5 < in%en I ! &o(o<L!o m;SlenI, Nel)e si ne8o<Simno$%' Pe R$&ol+ <R& e 5 s %ro !o$ na&sQ)#; EeHeno 5 <;(Iral Hi 7s(Iral9 8o&o(nR Oa#o 8Ee&mR%; &o s<L #$ns%#omor;' #rQ% e EeHeno' mRl )QOem
49

8Ee&e<SIm o origin(ly$ lo m$ o 8os%iPenI e5 lL!o s8e#%ra in%ele#%$QlnI ! nQ)orJ' 8ro%o ona 8es%ros% a ro)liHnos% Oimi )as%Q<anK ! #on e85 I, UiP Eri ! Tr$n) si 8EesnR 8o<Siml' Pe IsaE se ne8o#o$Sel ($&o<a% na PraPs#Lm !ra&R osi na )8Jso( <R&e #L A#a&emie' ne(oT s $Hen i Oe&nal in&i<i&$QlnR a OeOi ! <)QOemnL #on%a#%; ne !Q<al 8o$)e na ni ! samo%nK !, FD Ten%o 8EI5 s%$8 ne(;l niHIm OinKm neP %o$!o$ 8o &osaPenI !armonie' OeP se reali)o<ala Oa# s(IrQnIm 8Ee&5 mR%J o(; 8roOe<J #om8le:nI!o BoPI!o EQ&$ <e <R e ! a < 8EIro&R' %a# i s!romaPco<QnIm a re i8o<QnIm ro)mani%K ! i&eOI !' ro&I I ! se <e <R&e #Lm (Q&QnI,F1

A PPENDId <icolai Barnaudi, a Crista Arnaudi #elphi= natis, >hilosophi ? 0edici, in Aenigmaticum quoddam epitaphium bononiae studiorum, ante multa secula marmoreo lapidi insculp= tum, cu4us verba pro!ime sequuntur$ @$$$A Commentariolum$ ],,,^ Solen% enim %ales %!esa$ri b$an&ob$e on+on&i' e lan $l$m asser<ari' b$o& <i: re8eria%$r' b$i eis &ign$s si%Z $n&e +i%' $% %!esa$ro on+$sso nego%i$m DEO &ona%ori ommi%%an%' $% a i5 &isse memini 8a$lo an%eb$am Cra o<ia Pragam re&irem' $(i a Clarissimo' sim$l e Do %issimo Viro' No(ili T!a&&eo Hage io' Me&i inae Do5 %ore' ma%!ema%i o ele(errimo' !os8i%io 8er sesb$iann$m e: e8%$s e a( Ill$s%rissimo' ae%erna memoria &igno' Domino B$ilielmo Ursino a Rosis' Regni Bo!emiae %$m %em8o5 ris 8rorege a& s$am <ale%$&inem %$en&am in me&i $m as i%$s' (ono +a%o' in <ir$m Belgam Me&i inae Do %orem' $i nomen es% Anselm$s a Boo&%' in&i i' $m b$o non 8ar<a in%er essi% mi!i +amiliari%as' $O$s e ami i%ia e%iam lae%or' e $%orX !i (on$s' $m 8aren%is s$i &emor%$i li(ror$m s$88elle %ilem non e:ig$am' e Bel5 gio Pragam a&<e!i $rasse%' in i&i% in li(ell$m' a me %an&em <is$m' in 8elle arie%ina ons ri85 %$m' $i %i%$l$s era% C;m(al$m a$re$m' !$n $m mem(rana o(%egere ogi%are% -eran% enim
50

b$i($s o(%ege(a%$r asseres on+ra %i2 e:em8%a a Do %ore asseris 8ar%i $la +ra %a' a88ar$i% in5 ogi%an%i <a $$s b$i&am e on a<$s in me&io lo $s' 8ergameno o(&$ %$s' in b$o e !ar%$la b$ae&am o(<ol$%a' in b$a la8i&is 8!iloso]5 8!o^r$m 8ro ess$s aenigma%i e -neb, enim <el $n$m re8erias' b$i a8er%o sermone rem &es ri5 (a%2 ons ri8%$s era%' sim$l e r$(en%is 8$l<is5 $li 8ar%i $la grani 8on&ere' re on&i%a, A& !ae D, Anselm$s' me%alli ae 8!iloso8!iae osor%$m %em8oris a errim$s' !o s8e %a $lo 8ermo%$s' $m 8eri $l$m' $% s ri8%o illo O$(e(a%$r s$8ra Mer $ri$m +e isse%' 8$l<is $li 8ar%em me&i5 Qni a& ignem in i8s$m onOi iens' <i&isse%b$e Mer $ri$m in solem na%i<o non &issimilem' e<asisse' e:arsi% 8rim$m' o(s%$8$i% %an&em' e si ma<is' <o: eO$s +a$ i($s !aesi% -a$&i%a ore eO$s re+ero2' ins$8er a$ri+a(r$m b$en&am' !$O$s ar%is s iol$m' si(i no%$m on<eni%' $%b$e e$m &es%illan&i ar%em &o ea%' roga%' <i5 issimb$e 8olli e%$r' i& +a ere si <eli% a$ri+a(er' sese ei os%ens$r$m %ransm$%a%ionis Mer $rii in solem <er$m s8e imen -asser<ara% enim Do %or Anselm$s r$(ei illi$s 8$l<erisgrani semissem2' $m si%' i8si$sb$e 8ar%em a$ri+a(ro %ra&i&i%' b$i $m 8eri $l$m +e isse%' e$m s ili e% in Mer $5 ri$m a& ignem' lege ar%is' 8roOi iens' <i&ere%b$e Mer $ri$m in solem <ers$m' ra%$s se a Do %ore b$em a$r$m in %igill$m lam im8os$isse +also re&e(a%' &el$s$m +$isse' a8$& &o %orem i8s$m oram onb$eri%$r, Hi ' inb$am' (on$s' ne b$i& a8$& a$ri+a(r$m !aerere% s r$8$li' relib$$m 8$l<eris' im8r$&ens' a$ri+a(ro %ra&i&i%' seb$e in ali$m re e8i% lo $m' in%erea &$m in no5 <$m Mer $ri$m 8roOe %ionem &en$o +a ere% a$ri+a(erZ b$i $m <i&isse%' 8roOe %ione !a +a %a' e !$n Mer $ri$m in solem 8$r$m <ers$m' 8ro i&i% in +a iem' Deo gra%ias agens' e a Do %ore <eniam e:oransZ b$em e%iam %an5 &em s8agiri am b$am alle(a% &o $i% a$%emZ Do %or <ero' %en%a%o 8os%ea a& li%%eram -b$ae o i&i%2 8ro ess$' e aliis 8erm$l%is' $m Pa$lo Brimmillero' Caesareae MaOes%a%is minerar$m in Bo!emia s$8remo e:amina%ore' +r$s%ra e:5 8er%is' a(Oe %o l;8eo' e omni !emi a s8e' anim$m alio a&&i:i% s$$m' mi!ib$e %an&em ill$m i8s$m 8ro ess$m' a _ernelii 8ro ess$' in s$o &e a(&i%is rer$m a$sis li(ro' 8a$ is

e: e8%is' non &issimilem %ra&i&i%' b$em ego' Deo (ene +a<en%e' s$(ne %am in 8!iloso8!or$m gra%iam' inb$e l$ em emi%%am' $na $m alib$o% aliis' !$ ill$ om8ara%is' mi!ib$e !arissimis !emi is 8ro essi($s,

/, Ha$s5' Ho+5 $n& S%aa%sar !i<' VI&e\' Rei !s%a:($ ! n, /0 -.@DD2' +ol, NWX i%$OI Maselis' Balis a MariOnissen -8o)n, N2' s, .A, A, Uarosla<a Ha$sen(laso<Q' #er /o Baiser :udol s CC$ -Pra!a N00N2' s, W0@, D, Vi) Maselis' Balis a MariOnissen -8o)n, N2' s, N., 1, I(i&em,

., CelK nQ)e< &Ila )nI Anselmi Boetiide Boodt Brugensis Belgae, :udolphi Secundi, Cmperatoris :omanorum, >ersonae 0edici, Gemmarum et lapidum historia, Dua non solum ortus, natura, vis et pretium, sed etiam mo dus quo e! iis, olea, salia, tinctura, essentiae, arcana et magisteria arte chymica con ici possint, ostenditur$ 7pus principibus, medicis, chymicis, physicis, ac liberaliori= bus ingeniis utilissimum$ NQsle&$OI &<R la%ins#Q <;&QnI -Le;&en ./F/ a ./WA2 8Ei8ra<il # <;&QnI le;&ens#K lL#aE A&riaan Toll' #%erK na )Q<Rr #aP&L #a8i%ol; &r$!L #ni!; 8Ei8oOil i&en%i+i#a i &e Boo&%o<K ! o&#a)J, V;&QnI ) ro #$ ./WA (;lo OeS%R ro)!oOnRno o &<R #ni!; 8oOe&nQ<aOI I 0 nR#%erK +osIliI !' OeP &e Boo&% &o s<L!o &Ila ne)aEa&il' a o la%ins#K 8Ee#la& T!eo+ras%o<a >o4edn(n' o )amenech -Peri li%![n2, _ran o$)s#K 8Ee#la& 8r<nI!o Tollo<a <;&QnI <;Sel < L;on$ ro#$ ./WW a ./W1 8o& nQ)<em 1e par aict 4oaillier ou histoire des pierreries ou sont amplement descrites leur naissance, iuste pri!, moyen de les cogno= istre, etse garder des contre aites, aculte+ medicinales et propriete+ curieuses$ N, Marie5C!ris%iane Maselis' Arno$% Balis a Roger H, Ma riOnissen' &he Album o Anselmus de Boodt 5,EE-=,%3F6G <atural /istory >ainting at the court o :udolph CC in >rague -Ramsen .1112' s, .W5NF, F, TEe%I s<a)e# )mInRnL!o &Ila' o(sa!$OI I im8res; i%al s#K ! #nIPa% a <lQ& J' se na)K<Q Symbola varia diverso= rum principumH (;l <;&Qn < Pra)e ro#$ ./0F a nR#&; (K<Q i%o<Qn Oa#o samos%a%nL &e Boo&%o<o &Ilo' 8Ees%oPe O&e o ne&Ilno$ so$HQs% el#$' #on i8o<anL!o Ua o8em a O%%a<i5 em S%ra&o$' < V)#L so$Hinnos%i s r;% em Aegi&iem Sa&e5 lerem, Vi) E, _$HI#o<Q' Einige Er4Gg$ngen )$m "er# &es Ua o8o $n& O%%a<io S%ra&a' 1eids Bunsthistorisch Uaar(oe# . -.1DN @:udol CC and /is CourtA6, s, FF15F@/X Ni ole%%e Mo$%' A Use+$l Ser<an% o+ Prin esZ T!e Ne%!erlan&is! H$manis% Ua o($s T;8o%i$s a% %!e Prag$e Im8erial Co$r% Aro$n& ./00' Acta Comeniana .F -.1112' s, NAf.1, W, Vi) Maselis' Balis a MariOnissen -8o)n, N2' s, .WgNFX Uo!annes5E, Hiller' Die Mineralogie Anselm$s Boe%i$s &e Boo&%' in Duellen und Studien +ur Geschichte der <aturwissenscha ten und der 0edi+in, Ban& D -Berlin .1WN2' s, W5.N, @, Eri ! Tr$n)' Iissenscha t und Bunst im Breise Baiser :udol CC$ ,EJ%=,%,F -Ne$m=ns%er .11N2' s, FD,

.0, Ten%o 8EIs%$8 < so(R s#rK<Q Oe&n$ moPnos% ne&oro )$mRnIZ `%enQE' #%erK &e Boo&%o<$ #ni!$ Oenom le%mo 8rolis%$Oe' mJPe na(K% &oOm$' Pe a$%orem i%o<anQ %<r)enI o magi #K ! silQ ! #amenJ Oso$ $<Q&Rna Oa#o <QPnR mInRnQ a 8la%nQ, O(Has 8ro%o &o !Q)I # misin%er8re%a i )Q#la&nI &e Boo&%o<; in%en e a #ni!a Oe $<Q&Rna Oa#o 8oOe&nQnI o magi #K ! silQ ! #amenJ, .., Os<al& Croll' Basilica chymica -_ran#+$r% ./012, O Oe!o 8Jso(enI < `e !Q ! na8osle&; Uarosla<a Ha$sen (laso<Q' Os4al& Croll an& !is Rela%ion %o %!e Bo!emian Lan&s' Acta Comeniana .@5./ -N00N2' s, ./15.DN, .N, Allen B, De($s' Ia%ro !emis%r; an& %!e C!emi al Re<ol$%ion' in Alchemy :evisited, e&, Y, R, ", M, <on Mar%els -Lei&en .1102' s, @.5//, .F, le !%i ) Da$8!inL' lL#aE a al !;mis%a, Naro&il se < Cres% ) 8ro%es%an%s#K ! ro&iHJ, Y Oe!o #ores8on&en e <;8lK<Q' Pe .@@1 na<S%I<il 8anRls#o' ./0. Ni)o)emIX ro#$ .@/A mRl )Is#a% &omo<s#L 8rQ<o < hene<R, Po& He%nKmi 8se$&on;m; 8$(li#o<al 8ro%es%an%s#L 8olemi#;' na8E, 1e :*veille=matin des Krancais et de leurs voisins, compos* par Eusebe >hiladelphe, Cosmopolite -E&im(o$rg ]Basela^' .@AF2, To%o &Ilo Oe <Rno<Qno angli #L #rQlo<nR AlP(R%R, Po& s<Km OmLnem 8$(li#o<al 8o$)e al !;mis%i #L s8is;, .W, Ua# &o#a)$OI )8rQ<; ) rJ)nK ! 8ramenJ' mIs%em' #&e se < Pra)e < 8osle&nI ! &ese%ile%I ! ./, s%ole%I mo!la se%#a% <R%Sina )QOem J o al !;mii' (;l &Jm Ta&eQSe HQO#a na O<o nLm %r!$, Y %R !%o )8rQ< n$%nR ne<;8lK<Q' Pe (; mRlo OI% o %ra&o<anL 78Ee)#$So<QnI9 al !;mis%J HQO#em' &ale#o s8ISe Slo o 8EQ%els#L a s8oleHens#L #on%a#%;' )aloPenL na s8oleHnR s&IlenK ! 8EIro&o<R&nK ! )QOme !, Vi) na8E, E$5 gene Oli<ier' Billes Peno% D$ Por%' mL&e in e% al !imis%e' Chrysopoeia @ -.11N5.11/2' s, @D/5@DA, .@, E4al& &e Hog!elan&e' /istoriae aliquot transmutationis metallicae -ColoniaeAgri88inae ./0W2X Mi !ael Maier' Sym bola aureae mensae duodecim nationum -_ran o+$r%i ./.A2' s, @@/' 8EI)naHnR $<Q&I &e Boo&%J< 8EI(R! < o&&Ile <Rno<a nLm 7Anon;mi Sarma%a9' %O, Mi !ael$ Sen&i<ogio<i' #%erK %a#%LP 8Jso(il < Pra)e a 8o!;(o<al se i < 8ros%Ee&I IsaEs#L!o &<ora, V mo&ernI li%era%$Ee neOo(sQ!leOi i%$Oe %$%o $&Qlos% Bernar& H$sson' &ransmutations alchimiques -Paris .1AW2' s, NWN5NWF' ni mLnR ani on Oi ne$<Q&I #om8le%nR a <;8o$S%I )Q<RreHno$ 8asQP o &e Boo&%o<R )#lamQnI ) al !;mie, @.

./, Ua# <;8lK<Q ) +orm$la e' %e:% (;l 8sQn 8o smr%i VilLma ) RoPm(er#a ro#$ .@1NX o se %KHe Oe!o )ems#L!o VEa&$' o& ro#$ .@A0 aP &o s<L smr%i (;l neO<;SSIm 8$r#ra(Im' %e&; s%Ql < Hele )ems#L <lQ&;' OeP se s%Q<ala <lQ&o$ mIs%o5 &rPi%els#o$ )a ne8EI%omnos%i 8ano<nI#a < )emi, .A, Nel)e <;lo$Hi%' Pe &e Boo&%o<; )nalos%i la(ora%ornI 8rQ e' Oa# <e sm;sl$ al !;mis%i #Lm' %a# i s8ag;ri #Lm -%e&; o se %KHe 8EI8ra<; lL#J2' (;l; aP &o %L%o )#$Senos%i %eore%i #LX ni mLnR ) Oe!o &Ila Gemmarum et lapidum historia, 8$(li#o<anL!o Oe&na&<a e% le% 8o neO8ra<&R8o &o(nROSIm &a%$ %L%o $&Qlos%i' 8ra#%i #Q )nalos% s8ag;rie <;s<I%Q 8omRrnR OasnR, .D, lo o Oe&en ) neOo(<;#leOSI ! al !;mis%i #K ! 8o&<o &J' 8Ei nRmP (;l 8o$Pi% %;glI# s &<oOi%Km &nem' < nRmP se s#rK<alo )la%o, .1, 7A(Oe %o l;8eo9 l)e %LP 8EeloPi% Oa#o 7)a!o&il S%I%9X 8o&le Barna$&a %e&; &e Boo&% $%e#l ) (oOe' ne(oli 7$8$s %il o& DIla Sl$n e9' Oa# (;la al !;mie %ra&iHnR na)K<Qna, Ve <;OQ&EenI mJPe (K% s#r;%a i narQP#a na &e Boo&%o<$ &e<I)$ Sumes stabile uno, #%ero$ 8ro<Q)el s;m(ol Sl$n e a )la%a < 8o&o(R sl$neHnI!o S%I%$, Po&le Barna$&a (; %a# &e Boo&% <las%nR o8$s%il s<L <las%nI #rL&o' res8, Oe!o &omnRlK eso%eri #K o(sa!, N0, Uoannes _erneli$s -Uean _ran ois _ernel2 -.W1A5.@@D2' ma%ema%i# a as%ronom' oso(nI lL#aE +ran o$)s#L!o #rQle Uin&Ei !a II, N., PoOe&nQnI Oe 8Ee%iS%Rno <e s(Ir e &heatrum chemicum, praecipuos selectorum auctorum &ractatus de Chemiae et 1apidis >hilosophici antiquitatae, III -Argen%ora%i .//12' s, AW@5AWA' o&#$& a$%or %o!o%o HlQn#$ a Ua#$( Hla<QHe# 8EeloPili i%o<ano$ 8asQP, La%ins#K originQl 8EeloPenL!o Vr;<#$ Oe i%o<Qn < 8EIlo)e %L%o s%a%i, NN, Yi#m$n& "in%er' Lemeslnictvo a 8ivnosti M2C$ vN)u v Oech(ch 5,EF%=,%F-6 -Pra!a .1012' s, W0@' $<Q&I 8EI#la& )la%nI#a Ma%VSe' #%erK 7 snaPil se o <e&leOSI &J !o& %Im' Pe sQm %Ee%I ses%a<il r, .@WN #onsor i$m na <aEenI sali%r$9, lo o <Kro($ sal8e%r$ -le&#$2' #%erK 8o$PI<ali 78ra !aEi9 8Ei <Kro(R s%EelnL!o 8ra !$, Yla%nI#' #%erK se )Qro<e\ <Rno<al al !;mii' (a &o#on e mRl 8ro ni )ane !a% )la%ni #L 8rQ e -UiEI# *!;mi#er2 Oe < Pra)e &oloPen < le%e ! .@1158o ./.0 -<i) Dana S%e!lI#o<Q' Ency)lopedie Pes)*ho +latnictv', stQ'= brnictv'a )lenotnictv' ]Pra!a N00F^' s, NN/2, NF, PEes%o (; ! !%Rl < %L%o so$<islos%i $8o)orni% na )aOIma<K i#onogra+i #K &e%ail' #%erK o&#a)$Oe na s8oOi%os% me)i )la%ni %<Im a &es%ila I, Na S8rangero<$ Epita u +latn')a 0i)ul(Re 0"llera 59mrtv;chvstal; Bristus s andNly6 ) le% .@1N51F -NQro&nI galerie < Pra)e2' na nRmP $mRle )8o&o(il ro&in$ s<L!o )esn$lL!o % !Qna -+ .@D/2' s8a%E$Oeme 8o& *ris%o<o$ le<o$ no!o$ s#lenRno$ #$lo<i%o$ nQ&o($' < nIP Oe <loPena li&s#Q le(#a' 8a%rnR al$)e na le(#$ A&amo<$' %ra&iHnR o<Sem )o(ra)o<ano$ na OinLm %Lma%$ *ris%o<K ! PaSiOI' na U#Ei5 @N

Po<QnI $ 8a%; #EIPe, V #on%e:%$ al !;mis%i #L s;m(oli#; O&e o caput mortuum, nRm, &oten)op , Oa# (;l o)naHo<Qn neo&8aEi%elnK 8o)Js%a%e# 8o &es%ila i ne(o s$(lima i -<i) AlchemieG 1e!i)on einer hermetischen Iissenscha t, e&, Priesner a _igala' M$n !en .11D' s, 1/2, S+Lri #Q nQ&o(a )Qro<e\ 8Ee&s%a<$Oe )emi' o(%oHeno$ !a&em' na nIP <Sa# o(<;#le mIs%o *ris%a Sla8e Nane(e<)a%Q Panna Marie, YEe%el5 no$ 8Ei8omIn#$ %o!o' Pe < rQm i #om8li#o<anL i#onogra+ie o(ra)$ O&e )Qro<e\ o &es%ilaHnI 8EIs%roO' mJPeme s8a%Eo<a% < %om' Pe s<r !nI HQs% &es%ilaHnI a8ara%$r; -#%ero$ malIE nemo!l na o(ra)e )o(ra)i%' ne(oT (; %Im ) <I e)naHnL s+L5 ri #L nQ&o(; $Hinil Oe&no)naHnK 8Ee&mR%2' %e&; OeOI !elmi i' OeP se <e <arian%R !la)enL <)&$ !em na)K<ala :osenhut, na)naHil < in%en I ! &o(o<L!o 7mas#o<anL!o s;m(olism$9 #lo(o$#em na !la<R )la%nI#o<; Pen; a rJPemi na !la<R neO5 mla&SI & er;, V rQm i naSe!o 8Q%rQnI o<Sem )la%nI# M=ller <)!le&em # &a%$ Vmr%I ne8Ei !Q)I < V<a!$, NW, Ni#oli IsaEs#L!o' Oa# $<Q&I Barna$&' ne(oT %a#o<K VEa& nee:is%o<al' ani #rQlo<s#L!o 8r$(IEe 5 %en%o VEa& )a s%Q<al Hans Har&er' < Ea&R o&(ornK ! o%Q)e# BriemillerJ< o&8Jr e -<i) 8o)n, N@2, N@, YQ#la&nI s%$&iI o %L%o 8os%a<R Oe 8rQ e An%onIna *os%lQna' VQ la<a Le&<in#; a UiEI!o PeS#a' Yems#K 8r$(IE Pa<el Briemiller ) TEe(s#aZ PEIs8R<e# # 8o)nQnI e#onomi #L a #$l%$rnI a#%i<i%; o(;<a%el 8raPs#K ! mRs% <e &r$!L 8olo<inR ./, s%ole%I' >ra8s); sborn') historic); .1 -.1D/2' s, .0F5.F1, N/, *ni!o<na NQro&nI!o m$)ea' sign, I B NN, NA, O%a#ar Ya !ar' 7 alchymii a Pes);ch alchymistech -Pra!a .1..2' s, .1A, ND, Vi) 8o)n, N/' +ol, WFN(, N1, NQro&nI #ni!o<na `R' sign, dII E AA, Vi) I<o P$rS' 7Rosari$m 8!iloso8!or$m9 UaroSe Briemillera ) TEe(s#a' in 7pus 0agnumG Bniha o sa)r(ln' geometrii, alchymii, magii, astrologii, )abale a ta4n;ch spolePnostech v Oes);ch +em'ch -Pra!a .11A2' s, AA5DA, F0, Vi) *os%lQn' Le&<in#a a PeSe# -8o)n, N@2' s, .0A, F., I(i&em' s, .FN5.F/, _a#%em Oe' Pe &<a e% #ni! <e +or mQ%$ in olio <Rno<anK ! al !;mii a <;&anK ! &o ro#$ .@1F Oe )naHnK 8oHe% a 8o OeOi ! %i%$le ! (; (;lo moPnL 8o&le %o!o%o <o&I%#a 8Q%ra%' ni mLnR ne<Ime' Oa#K me)i nimi mo!l (K% 8o&Il r$#o8isJ, FN, Vi) &e Boo&% -8o)n, .2' s, .10, FF, Ni#&e <e s<L #ni)e o minerQle ! si e &e Boo&% na Barna$&o<$ )8rQ<$ nereag$Oe' ale ani Oi ne<;<ra I, PEes%o l)e 8Ee&8o#lQ&a%' Pe %e:% )nal' ne(o s neO<R%SI 8ra<&R8o &o(nos%I mo!l )nQ% )8ra o<QnI %L%o 8EI!o&; E4al&em &e Hog!elan&em,

FW, Vi) &heatrum chemicum -8o)n, N.2' s, AW@, F@, Po& Para elso<Km OmLnem se &o !o<ala %LP Ea&a %ra#%Q%J' <)%a!$OI I ! se # %ra&iHnI %ransm$%aHnI al !;mii' O&e <Sa# <e <R%SinR 8EI8a&J o s8is; Para elso<; 8o$)e 8Ei8sanL, Vi) *arl S$&!o++' Bibliographia >aracelsicaG Be= sprechung der unter &heophrast von /ohenheims <amen ,EFJS,T.3 erschienenen #ruc)schri ten -Bra) .1@D2, F/, V %om%o #on%e:%$ Oe %Ee(a !Q8a% i la8i&QrnI &e+ini i al !;mie' #%ero$ 8o&Q<Q Mar%in R$lan& ml,Z 7Al !imia es% im8$ri se8ara%io a s$(s%an%ia 8$riore9 51e!icon Alchemiae ]_ran o+$r%i ./.N^' s, N/2, FA, Ue Ois%L' Pe o%Q)#a <a! a 8omRrJ !rQla &JlePi%o$ roli i <e s%Ee&o<R#L %ra&iHnI al !;mii o(; +ilia i al !;mie ara(s#L' ni mLnR (;la !Q8Qna < #on%e:%$ s;m(oli #K ! <)%a!J ne(es#K ! a 8o)ems#K ! sil' me)i nimiP (;lo %Ee(a &osQ!no$% ro<no<Q!;, FD, Vi)Tr$n) -8o)n, @2' s, .N5.F, F1, Ta%o s%aT Oe <K\a%e# ) ro)sQ!leOSI s%$&ie <Rno<anL <)%a!$ &e Boo&%o<a &Ila # 8anso+i #Km i&eOIm r$&ol+In s#L <R&; a #$l%$r;' #%erQ ($&e 8$(li#o<Qna < re<$e Acta Comeniana$