MANUAL ON SPECIAL ENERGY METER,

DATA PROCESSING & COMPUTATION

NORTH EASTERN REGIONAL LOAD DESPATCH CENTRE

POWERGRID CORPORATION OF INDIA LIMITED SHILLONG

MANUAL ON SPECIAL ENERGY METER, DATA PROCESSING & COMPUTATION

June 2008
Commercial & Operation Services Department

NORTH EASTERN REGIONAL LOAD DESPATCH CENTRE

POWERGRID CORPORATION OF INDIA LIMITED SHILLONG

CONTENTS

Page No. Foreword ..... 1 Section-1: Special Energy Meter & Data Collecting Device 1.1 Special Energy Meter (SEM) 3 1.2 Data Collecting Device (DCD) . 6 Section-2: Regulatory Requirements of Meters & SEMs in NER 2.1 Metering Philosophy of CEA . 7 2.2 Regulatory Requirements of SEMs ..... 8 2.3 Philosophy for Installation of SEMs in NER .. 9 2.4 Utility wise Meters in NER 9 2.5 Constituent wise Metering Arrangement .... 10 2.6 Master Database of SEMs in NER . 22 Section-3: Meter Data Collection & Transmittal to RLDC 3.1 Data Collection from Meters .. 26 The RS-485 Scheme ........ 33 3.2 Data Collection Locations in NER . 36 3.3 Automating Meter Data Collection/Transmission ... 37 Section-4: Data Processing & Computation 4.1 Receipt of SEM Data at RLDC ... 38 4.2 Softwares for Data Viewing / Conversion to TEXT File 38 4.3 Appending Text Files .. 55 4.4 Processing of SEM Data/Computation of Net Injection & Drawal 58 4.5 Finally Implemented Schedule ..... 67 4.6 Sending Data to RPC .... 69 4.7 UI Computation .... 71 4.8 Post Processing & Data Archival .... 76 Annexures Annexure-1: Write-up on RS-485, RS-232 Standards . 79 Annexure-2: VINCOM software for L&T meters Deficiencies 85

Foreword
Special Energy Meter (SEM) with Data Collection device (DCD) was conceptualized and designed by POWERGRID in the beginning of 1990s to take care of metering requirements of bulk power tariff structure (post rationalization) in India in line with ECC recommendations which paved way for ABT (Availability Based Tariff) implementation in India. SEM/DCD was, therefore a special metering package, aimed at fulfilling metering needs of ABT era. North Eastern Region has the distinction of being the first region in the country to get SEMs installed during 1994-95, followed by Southern and Eastern Regions in the same year. As per IEGC provisions, CTU (POWERGRID) is responsible for installation as well as maintenance/testing of SEMs in ISTS. RLDCs validate and process the meter readings received from various locations for computation of REA. In case of any discrepancy/problem related to meter/accessories, RLDCs take up with respective RTS for rectification. In nutshell, metering activities are very streamlined and carried out in a specific time frame; (a) Meter/DCD Commissioning, Maintenance, Testing CTU/RTS of POWERGRID (b) Weekly Data Collection/Transmittal to RLDC Metering Locations (CTU, State, ISGS) (c) Data Processing, Validation, Computation, Accounting, Metering Philosophy, Identification of Metering Locations RLDC A metering manual cannot be complete unless all the above three activities are fully documented. A maiden attempt has been made by NERLDC to bring out a comprehensive manual on Special Energy Meter, Data Processing & Computation by compiling all the relevant aspects of metering. The manual unfolds with detailed description of SEM/DCD in Section-1 followed by the regulatory requirements with details of meter location in the region in Section-2. Section-3 covers in great length, data collection from meters and transmittal to RLDC with special emphasis on future road map to automate the system. Finally, data checking, data validation, computation and data archival, which are exclusive functions of RLDC, have been detailed in Section-4. Quite a large number of pictures and screen-shots have been used to enable any person, even not conversant with the subject, to also understand the entire chain of activity with effortless ease. Other meter related activities like maintenance, troubleshooting, time synchronization and testing etc have not been included to restrict the volume of the present manual. Section-4 on Data Processing and Computation would undergo revision/modification once we switch over from the existing DOS based software to ORACLE based common software (developed by WRLDC).

This manual would not have been in place without active co-operation and support from POWERGRID, NERTS as certain metering activities are exclusively carried out by them. We acknowledge the value addition by Sh. Ajoy Patir, AGM(O&M), Sh. Samiran Das (Dy. Mgr) and Sh. Abhijit Choudhury of T&C Department, Shillong, Sh. M. K. Baruah (CM) and Ms. Binita Sharma (AE) of Misa S/S. The manual has been drafted and designed at NERLDC by Sh. M. Hussain (Mgr), Sh. S. K. Saha (Dy. Mgr) and Ms. Pinki Debnath (AE) under the supervision of Sh. R. Sutradhar, CM. Sh. S.K.Soonee, our ED(SO) is the inspiration behind this endeavor. His vision and guidance during 2nd metering and settlement meet held on 3rd & 4th March08 has paved way for compilation of the manual. First version of this manual is being released now. Revisions would be carried out by NERLDC as and when need arises.

SECTION 1
SPECIAL ENERGY METERS & DATA COLLECTING DEVICE

1.1

Special Energy Meter (SEM)

LCD Display

Optical Port Scroll Buttons

R Phase PT Lead

Y Phase PT Lead

B Phase PT Lead

Neutral Lead

RS-485 TB

R Phase CT Lead

Y Phase CT Lead

B Phase CT Lead

1.1.1 SEM Concept SEM is an Application specific Microprocessor base solid state energy meter. This together with a data collecting device (DCD) and a local Computer forms a powerful system of metering and data logging. This type of metering and data logging gives a unique method for measurement of all relevant electrical quantities. Taking help of the support software on a PC enables the user to process metered data and the data can also be viewed in a tabular format. 1.1.2 General Description of SEM Static Accuracy class of 0.2S as per IEC 62053 standard Working voltage of 63.5V 3

Secondary current rating of 1A (A-type) and 5A(B-type) Working range (-5 to 60 decC) Real time clock (RTC) accuracy 30 sec/month Extended temperature LCD for display Rechargeable Ni-Cd battery with a push button on front panel to operate during power failure Off line data collection possible for 6-7 hrs during power off condition Surface mounted, light in weight (<2.5kg) Mounting can be done on a flat surface, one hole on top and two holes at the bottom

1.1.3 Data Recording Format Data recorded by the meters are normally not Windows readable. Therefore, data downloaded from the meters have to be first converted to Windows readable form, usually a text file, for computation and analysis. This is explained in detail in Section-4. Conversion software is required for this purpose which is proprietary to the meter supplier. All data of last 10 full days plus the most recent complete 15 min block data up to the time of collection is available. Last ten (10) full days data remains in non-volatile memory of meter and is available on collection of data. 1.1.4 Measurement Principle a) Wh Measurement The active energy (Wh) measurements are carried out on 3-phase, 4-wire principle with an accuracy as per class 0.2S of IEC-687/IEC-62053-22. The meter computes the net active energy (Wh) in each successive 15-minutes block and stores it in its non-volatile memory along with plus/ minus sign. The 15-minute Wh shall have a +ve sign when there is a net Wh export and a ve sign when there is a net Wh import. Cumulative Wh reading at each midnight shall be stored in the meters memory along with plus/ minus sign. The meter shall store all data in its memories for a period of ten (10) days. The data older than ten (10) days shall get erased automatically. b) VARh Measurement The meter shall also compute the reactive power (VAR) on a 3-phase 4wire principle with an accuracy as per class 0.2S of IEC-687/IEC-62053-23. There shall be two reactive energy registers, one for the period when average RMS voltage is above 103% and the other for the period the voltage is below 97%. The registers will move forward when there is VARh export and will move backward when there is VARh import. c) Average Frequency The meter shall count the number of cycles in VT output during each successive 15-minute block and divide the same by 900 (15*60=900) to arrive at the average frequency. The average frequency is stored in meters memory in 2digit code neglecting decimals. In case the average frequency is less than 49.0Hz, it is recorded as 00 and in case it is 51.0Hz or higher it is recorded as 99. The actual frequency corresponding to two consecutive codes differ by 0.02Hz.

1.1.5

Operating Section of the Meter

a) Analog Section: High precision Current transformer and voltage transformer step down input currents and voltages which are fed to an Analog to Digital converter. b) Digital Section: A powerful microprocessor controls the Analog and Digital sections. Analog to Digital converters are fed from high precision instrument transformers. The Digital samples from Analog to Digital converter are used to process the metering data. The sampling rate is 3000 samples per second which gives the meter an exceptional accuracy and results. c) Power supply Section: A switch mode power supply (SMPs) unit supplies power to the meters internal circuit. 1.1.6 Display Parameters Special Energy Meters have the facility to display the following parameters: Display Parameter: 1. Meter identification code 2. Date (day, date, month, year) 3. Time (hour, min, sec) 4. Cumulative Wh reading 5. Reactive Power 6. Average freq. of previous block 7. Net Wh transmittal-previous block 8. Average % voltage 9. Voltage high VArh register reading 10. Voltage low VArh register reading 11. Real time indication 12. Low battery indication Indication A d t c Pr F E U H L Display format NP1234A dd-mm-yy hh:mm:ss xxxx.x Wh xxx:x VAr xx:xx xx:xx xx:xx xxxx:x VArh xxxx:x VArh rtC Fit Low Bat

1.1.7 Meter parts and overall dimension of the meter

187+/- 2 mm 15 mm

325+/- 2 mm

77 mm 154 mm
Mounting Holes

262 mm

6 mm CUTOUT 25 mm 150 mm

Standardization of meter dimension along with positioning of mounting holes is extremely important. This would enable easy replacement of a meter of any make with another without re-commissioning activity like drilling in panel, searching appropriate space for positioning of meter etc. Dimension of L&T make SEM as shown above is to be standardized as size of the SEM. This has been decided in second meeting of metering and settlement group of RLDCs held at New Delhi on 3rd & 4th March, 2008

1.2

Data Collecting Device (DCD)

LCD Display Status LEDs 9-Pin Connector

Power ON / OFF
45 key membrane keypad

Battery Charging Socket D-Cable RJ-11 Port Data Cable

a) DCD is a small hand held terminal having 2MB FLASH RAM memory, capable of communicating with SEM as well as Computer. Both communications require suitable software to be present at either end. DCD is normally battery operated (9-volt), comprising of a key-pad, LCD display and a communication slot. It is used for tapping data stored in a meters memory and transferring it to a Computer. Each DCD is supplied with two sets of communication cables. i) Data Cable: RJ-11 (telephone jack) or round 9-pin male connector (Dcable) at one end for connecting with DCD and 9-pin female connector at other end for connecting either with optical cable or PC. ii) Optical Cable: A cable with optical head at one end for coupling with SEM optical port and 9-pin male connector at other end for connection with data cable.

**************
6

SECTION 2
REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS OF METERS & SEMs IN NER

2.1

Metering Philosopy of CEA (vide notification dated 17.03.06)

2.1.1 Types of Meters a) Interface Meter: Interface Meter means a Meter, connected at the point of interconnection with inter-State Transmission system (ISTS) for the purpose of electricity accounting and billing. Meter shall be owned by CTU. b) Consumer meter: Consumer Meter means a Meter used for accounting and billing of electricity supplied to the consumer. Meter shall be owned by licensee. c) Energy accounting meter: Energy Accounting and Audit Meter means Meter used for accounting of electricity to various segments of electrical system. Meter shall be owned by Generating Company or licensee All interface meters, consumer meters and energy accounting and audit meter shall be of static type. Note : Our focus is on SEMs which are interface meters. 2.1.2 Meter Standards All interface meter, consumer meters, energy accounting and audit meters shall: Comply with the relevant standards of Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS). If BIS Standards are not available for a particular equipment or material, the relevant British Standards (BS), International Electro-technical Commission (IEC) Standards, or any other equivalent Standards shall be followed. Provided that whenever an International Standard or IEC Standard is followed, necessary corrections of modifications shall be made for nominal system frequency, nominal system voltage, ambient temperature, humidity and other conditions prevailing in India before actual adaption of the said Standard. 2.1.3 Accuracy Class of Meters Every meter shall meet the following requirements of accuracy class as specified in the standards. Interface Meter . 0.2S Consumer meters Upto 650 Volts .. 1.0S Above 650 Volts & upto 33kV . 0.5S Above 33kV .. 0.2S Energy accounting and audit meters .... 0.2S Accuracy of meters in Generation and Transmission system will be of 0.2S class.

2.1.4 Testing of Meters Meters shall be tested at site at least once in five years or whenever the accuracy is suspected or the readings are inconsistent with the readings of the other meters. The testing must be carried out through National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories (NABL) or any accredited test laboratory and recalibrated if required at manufactures works. The test must be carried out without removing the CTs and VTs connection 2.1.5 Location of Meters Location Generating Station Main Meter On all outgoing feeders At one end of the line between the S/Ss of the same licensee and at the both ends of the line between S/Ss of two different licensees. Meters at both ends shall be considered as main meter. HV side of ICT Check Meter On all outgoing feeders Standby Meter HV side of GT HV side of Station Aux. Transformers There shall be no separate standby meter.Meter installed at other ends of the lines in case two different licensees shall work as standby meter. LV side of ICT

Transmission System

----

ICT

-----

2.2

Regulatory Requirements of SEMs (IEGC April2006 issue)

The following requirements are clearly stated in IEGC as regards SEMs: a) The Special Energy Meters shall be static type, composite meters, installed circuit-wise, as self-contained device for measurement of Active and Reactive energy and certain other parameters. b) The meters shall store the data in their memories for a period of ten (10) days. The data older than 10-days shall get erased automatically. c) The Active energy measurement shall be carried out on a 3-phase, 4-wire principle with an accuracy as per class 0.2S of IEC-687/IEC-62053-22. d) The VAR and reactive energy measurement shall be on 3-phase, 4-wire principle with an accuracy as per class 0.2S of IEC-62053-23. There shall be two reactive energy registers, one for the period when average RMS voltage is above 103% and the other for the period when the voltage is below 97%. e) The 15-minute Wh shall have a +ve sign when there is a net Wh export from S/S busbars, and a ve sign when there is a net Wh import. f) The three line-to-neutral voltages shall be continuously monitored, and in case these falls below 70%, the condition shall be suitably indicated and recorded.

g) The meters shall be totally sealed and tamper-proof, with no possibility of any adjustment at site except for a restricted clock correction. h) Full testing for accuracy for every meter shall be carried out by the CTU at accredited laboratory once in every five (5) years. i) The current a voltage transformers to which the above special energy meters are connected shall have measurement accuracy class of 0.5 or better.

2.3

Philosophy for Installation of SEMs in NER

(A) Main meters a) On all outgoing EHV feeders emanating from an ISGS b) On all identified inlet points of a state connected by EHV feeders. (B) Back up meters a) b) c) d) On EHV side of all GTs and STs at an ISGS. On one side of each CTU line connected between two CTU S/Ss On one side of each ICT connected between two EHV buses in CTU S/Ss. At CTU end of all EHV lines connected to State inlet points.

Philosophy adopted in NER before issue of CEA Metering Regulation, however, fulfils CEA metering philosophy.

2.4

Utility wise Meters in NER

Sl. No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

Utilities AGBPP (NEEPCO) AGTPP (NEEPCO) DOYANG (NEEPCO) KHANDONG (NEEPCO) KOPILI (NEEPCO) KOPILI-II (NEEPCO) RANGANADI (NEEPCO) LOKTAK (NHPC) Arunachal Pradesh Assam Manipur Meghalaya Mizoram Nagaland Tripura POWERGRID TOTAL

No. of Locations 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 14 3 4 2 3 5 15 56

Secure Make A-Type B-Type 9 13 7 2 8 1 17 3 5 7 5 5 6 1 25 110 4

L&T Make 15 8 11 1 4 48 87

Total 15 9 8 13 7 2 11 8 2 24 5 7 5 5 7 73 201

2.5 Contituent wise Metering Arrangement

The metering arrangements for the constituents of NER are shown below:

AR. PRADESH interconnection with Grid

AR-07 KT-14 RN-11
C E N T R A L S E C T O R

A S S

AS-48 Rupai Namsai

A R. P Bokajan R A D E S H
AR-05

Deomali AR-06 Ziro

Ranganadi AS-55 AS-54

AS-49

Balipara Khupi ICT

A M

Lekhapani

Jairampur

AR-01
Nirjuli TRF-I

AR-02

LEGEND Main Meter Back Up Meter 33KV Line 132KV Line 220KV State 132KV State Naharlagun

Nirjuli TRF-II

Nirjuli AR-03 Tapping RN-01

Ranganadi

Following main and back up meters are used for calculating Ar. Pradesh state drawal. Location ID of AP SEM is denoted as AR-XX (where XX is ID no. of meters).

MAIN METERS
LOC ID AR-01 AR-02 AR-05 AR-06 KT-14 AS-54 AS-48 AS-49 Feeder Name Nirjuli Transformer Incomer-I Nirjuli Transformer Incomer-II 132 KV Naharlagun Feeder 132 KV Ziro Ranganadi Feeder 132 KV Deomali Kathalguri Balipara Khupi ICT 33 KV Rupai Namsai 33 KV Lekhapani Jairampur

BACK UP METERS
LOC ID * * (AR-03)+(RN-01) RN-11 AR-07 AS-55 ** **

* Using net bus of Nirjuli(PG) substation. ** No back up for SEMs at 33 KV feeders, average reading of previous period taken in case of non-availbility of meter reading. Fictitious meters are physically non-existent and are introduced for convenience of computation. For Net Drawal of Ar. Pradesh, one fictitious meter AR-51 is used.
(AR-51) = -(AR-01) - (AR-02) - (AR-05) - (AR-06) + (KT-14) + (AS-54) + (AS-48) + (AS-49)

In fictitious meter, ( - ) is used if SEM is installed at inlet/injection point end. ( + ) is used if SEM is installed at the other end. 10

ASEB interconnection with Grid

T R I P U R A

AS-15 TR-06 DNagar AS-08 DCherra

Bokajan

AS-31 Salakati AS-30 Salakati AS-38 Misa AS-39 Misa AS-42 Balipara KT-01 Kathalguri AS-37 Misa NG-08 Dimapur AS- 22

BTPS-II AS-16

C E N T R A L

BTPS-I AS-17 Samaguri-I AS-18 Samaguri-II AS-19 Samaguri AS-03 Mariani AS-04 Mariani AS-05 Mariani AS-07

Namsai A P
Rupai

AS-48 Rupai AS-49

Jairampur Nmora

LPani AS-46 Ggaon AS-47 Mariani AS-12 Bokajan AS-52 Mariani AS-02 Kahelipara AS-01 Kahelipara AS-09 SSujai AS-50 SSujai AS-06

N A G A L A N D

Chanki NG-03 Dimapur NG-12 MChang ME-04

S E C T O R

Bpur(ASEB) BPur(PG) MN-06 AS-10 PPool AS-13 Gohpur AS-53 Jiribam AG-04 Nirjuli KT-15 Kathalguri AS-11 AS-14
Umrangsoo Consumption

M E G H A L A Y A

Umtru-II ME-03 Umtru-I ME-07 Stage-IV Ckt-I ME-05 Stage-IV Ckt-II ME-01 Lumshong

Tinsukia

Haflong Consumption

KK-20 33KV Damsite(NEEPCo) LEGEND Main Meter Back Up Meter 33KV Line 132KV Line 220KV Line 220KV State

11

Following main and back up meters are used for calculating Assam state drawal. Location ID of Assam meters is denoted as AS-XX (where XX is ID no. of meters).

MAIN METERS
LOC ID AS-01 AS-02 AS-03 AS-04 AS-05 AS-06 AS-07 AS-08 AS-09 AS-10 AS-11 AS-12 AS-13 AS-14 AS-15 AS-16 AS-17 AS-18 AS-19 AS-20 AS-46 AS-47 AS-48 AS-49 AS-50 AS-52 KK-20 KT-15

BACK UP METERS
Feeder Name LOC ID 132 KV Kahelipara Umtru Feeder-I ME-03 132 KV Kahelipara of Umtru Feeder-II ME-04 220 KV Mariani Kathalguri KT-01 220 KV Mariani Misa AS-37 132 KV Mariani Dimapur NG-08 132 KV Badarpur Lumshong ME-01 132 KV Badarpur (ASEB) Badarpur (PG) AS-22 132 KV Dullavcherra Dharmanagar TR-06 132 KV Sarusujai Stage-IV feeder-I ME-07 132 KV Pailapool Jiribam MN-06 132 KV Haflong Consumption (ZZ-07)-(MN-08) 132 KV Bokajan Dimapur NG-03 132 KV Gohpur Nirjuli AG-04 132 KV Umrangsoo Consumption (KK-10)-(KK-09) 220 KV BTPS Salakati-II AS-31 220 KV BTPS Salakati-I AS-30 220 KV Samaguri Misa-I AS-38 220 KV Samaguri Misa-II AS-39 220 KV Samaguri Balipara-I AS-42 Samaguri Balipara-II AS-43 33 KV Gorgaon Naginimora Feeder * 33 KV Mariani Chanki Feeder * 33 KV Rupai Namsai Feeder * 33 KV Lekhapani Jairampur Feeder * 132 KV Sarusujai Stage-IV feeder-II ME-05 132 KV Mariani Mokokchang NG-12 33 KV Damsite feeder (NEEPCO) # 220 KV Tinsukia Kathalguri AS-53

* No back up for SEMs at 33 KV feeders, average reading of previous period taken in case of non-availbility of meter reading. # Back up for this feeder is determined from the operational configuration at the 33 KV level. For Net Drawal of Assam, two fictitious meters AS-51 & AS-61 are used. Assam Drawal = (AS-51) + (AS-61) (AS-51) = - (AS-01) - (AS-02) - (AS-03) - (AS-04) - (AS-05) - (AS-06) - (AS-07) - (AS-08) - (AS-09) - (AS-10) + (AS-11) - (AS-12) - (AS-13) +(AS-14) - (AS-15) - (AS-16) - (AS-17) - (AS-18) + (AS-42) - (AS-52) (AS-61) = - (AS-46)*1.0309 - (AS-47)*1.0309 - (AS-48)*1.0309 - (AS-49)*1.0309 + (KK-20) + (KT-15) - (AS-50) In case of 33 KV feeders a factor of 1.0309 is used at the sending end (ASEB) presuming 4% loss is being incurred by ASEB for wheeling of power through these feeders (As mutually agreed).

12

Manipur interconnection with Grid

N A G A L A N D

MN-01 Kohima NG-02 MN-03 Karong

MN-05 Imphal

Bokajan

LEGEND Main Meter Back Up Meter 132KV Line

M A N I P U R

Ybam

MN-02 NKong

LO-04 Loktak

C E N T R A L S E C T O R

MN-04
Jiribam Consumption

Following main and back up meters are used for calculating Manipur state drawal. Location ID of Manipur meters is denoted as MN-XX (where XX is ID no. of meters).

MAIN METERS
LOC ID MN-01 MN-02 MN-03 MN-04

BACK UP METERS
Feeder Name 132 KV Yurembam Imphal (PG) 132 KV Ningthoukhong Loktak 132 KV Karong Kohima Jiribam Consumption LOC ID MN-05 LO-04 NG-02 *

* Using net bus of Jiribam substation. For Net Drawal of Manipur, one fictitious meter MN-51 is used. MN-51 = - (MN-01) + (LO-04) - (MN-03) + (MN-04)

MEGHALAYA interconnection with Grid

AS-02 ME-04 Umtru-II ME-03 Umtru-I ME-07 Stage-IV ME-05 Stage-IV ME-01 Lumshong

A S S A M

Kahelipara AS-01 Kahelipara AS-09 SSujai AS-50 SSujai AS-06 Badarpur Ckt-I Ckt-II

M E G H Bokajan A L A Y A

ME-02 Ckt-I KHLT(PG) KHLT(MeSEB) ME-06

ME-08 Ckt-II KHLT(PG) KHLT(MeSEB) ME-09

C T U

LEGEND Main Meter Back Up Meter 132KV Line

13

Following main and back up meters are used for calculating Meghalaya state drawal. Location ID of Meghalaya meters is denoted as ME-XX (where XX is ID no. of meters).

MAIN METERS
LOC ID ME-01 ME-02 ME-03 ME-04 ME-08 ME-07 ME-05

BACK UP METERS
Feeder Name 132 KV Lumshong Badarpur 132 KV Khleriat(MeSEB) Khleriat (PG)-I 132 KV Umtru Kahelipara Feeder-I 132 KV Umtru Kahelipara Feeder-II 132 KV Khleriat(MeSEB) Khleriat (PG)-II 132 KV Stage-IV Sarusujai Feeder-I 132 KV Stage-IV Sarusujai Feeder-II LOC ID AS-06 ME-06 AS-01 AS-02 ME-09 AS-09 AS-50

For Net Drawal of Meghalaya, one fictitious meter ME-51 is used. (ME-51) = - (ME-01) - (ME-02) - (ME-03) - (ME-04) - (ME-05) - (ME-07) - (ME-08)

Mizoram interconnection with Grid

Zemabawk Aizawl(PG) MZ-01 Bairabi MZ-03 Badarpur(PG) AS-23

M I Z O R A M

C E N T R A L S E C T O R

Kolasib

Bawktlang MZ-07 Main Meter Back Up Meter Generator 132KV Line MZ-08 Aizawl (PG)

Following main and back up meters are used for calculating Mizoram state drawal. Location ID of Mizoram meters is denoted as MZ-XX (where XX is ID no. of meters).

MAIN METERS
LOC ID MZ-01 MZ-03 MZ-07

BACK UP METERS
Feeder Name 132 KV Aizawl (PG) Zemabawk Feeder 132 KV Bairabi Kolasib Feeder 132 KV Kolasib Bawktlang Feeder LOC ID * ** **

* Using net bus of Aizawl(PG) substation ** Cumulative Flow in these two feeders can be computed from AS-23 (Badarpur(PG) end of Kolasib) and MZ-08 (Aizawl(PG) end of Kolasib) For Net Drawal of of Mizoram, one fictitious meter MZ-51 is used. MZ-51 = + (MZ-01) + (MZ-03) + (MZ-07) 14

Nagaland interconnection with Grid

AS-46 A S S A M M a n i p u r Ggaon AS-47 Mariani AS-12 Bokajan AS-52 Mariani NG-03 Dimapur NG-12 MChang Nmora NG-11 Chanki NG- 01 DPur(PG) Dpur(Nag)
C E N T R A L

MN-03 Karong

NG-02 Kohima

N A Bokajan G A L A N D

NG-03 Dimapur

AS-12 Bokajan

NG-05 MChang

DY-04 Doyang

S E C T O R

LEGEND Main Meter Back Up Meter 132KV Line Following main and back up meters are used for calculating Nagaland state drawal. Location ID of Nagaland meters is denoted as NG-XX (where XX is ID no. of meters).

MAIN METERS
LOC ID NG-02 NG-03 NG-05 NG-11 NG-12 AS-46 AS-47 Feeder Name

BACK UP METERS
LOC ID MN-03 AS-12 DY-04 NG-01 AS-52 * * 132 KV Kohima Karong 132 KV Dimapur Bokajan 132 KV MChang Doyang 132 KV Dimapur (State) Dimapur(PG) 132 KV MChang Mariani 33 KV Naginimora Gorgaon 33 KV Chanki Mariani

* Joint meter readings are considered in case of non-availability of main meter readings pertaining to LT feeders. For Net Drawal of Nagaland, one fictitious meter NG-51 is used. NG-51= - (NG-11) - (NG-03) + (NG-02) + (NG-12) + (NG-05) + (AS-46) + (AS-47)

15

Tripura interconnection with Grid

A S S A M

AS-08 DCherra LEGEND Main Meter 132KV Line

TR-06 DNagar

T R I Bokajan P U R A

Ckt-I AG-01 AGTPP Agartala TR-02 Agartala TR-03 PK Bari

Ckt-II AG-02

TR-01

AGTPP TR-04 Kumarghat TR-05

Kumarghat ICT

C E N T R A L S E C T O R

Following main and back up meters are used for calculating Tripura state drawal. Location ID of Tripura meters is denoted as TR-XX (where XX is ID no. of meters).

MAIN METERS

BACK UP METERS
LOC ID AG-01 AG-02 TR-04 * AS-08

LOC ID Feeder Name TR-01 132 KV Agartala AGTPP Feeder-I TR-02 132 KV Agartala AGTPP Feeder-II TR-03 132 KV P K Bari Kumarghat TR-05 Kumarghat Comsumption TR-06 132 KV Dharmanagar Dullavcherra * Using net bus of Kumarghat(PG) substation. For Net drawal of Tripura, one fictitious meter TR-51 is used. (TR-51) = - (TR-06) - (TR-01) - (TR-02) - (TR-03) + (TR-05)

ER - NER interconnection
Bongaigaon Ckt-I Ckt-II Ckt-I Ckt-II Binaguri ER-01 Binaguri ER-02 Birpara ER-03 Birpara ER-04 Gelephu LEGEND Main Meter Back Up Meter 400 KV Line 220KV Line 132KV Line 16 ER-05 AS-25 Bongaigaon AS-26 Salakati

N E R

AS-33 Salakati AS-34 Salakati AS-32

Following main and back up meters are used for calculating Eastern Regional drawal. Location ID of Eastern Region meters is denoted as ER-XX (where XX is ID no. of meters).

MAIN METERS
LOC ID AS-25 AS-26 AS-32 AS-33 AS-34

BACK UP METERS
Feeder Name 400KV Bongaigaon Binaguri Feeder-I 400KV Bongaigaon Binaguri Feeder-II 132KV Salakati Gelephu Feeder 220KV Salakati Birpara Feeder-I 220KV Salakati Birpara Feeder-II LOC ID ER-01 ER-02 ER-05 ER-03 ER-04

For Net Drawal of Eastern Region, one fictitious meter ER-51 is used. ER-51 = - (AS-33) - (AS-34) - (AS-32) - (AS-25) - (AS-26)

DOYANG Interconnection with Grid

N A G A L A N D

MChang NG-05 Kohima NG-04 Dimapur Ckt-I Ckt-II LEGEND

Doyang DY-04 Doyang DY-03 Doyang DY-01 Doyang DY-02

C T U

ZZ-13 Dimapur ZZ-14

D O Y A N G

Main Meter Back Up Meter Future Line 132KV Line

Following main and back up meters are used for calculating Doyang injection. Location ID of Doyang meters is denoted as DY-XX (where XX is ID no. of meters).

MAIN METERS
LOC ID DY-01 DY-02 DY-03 DY-04

BACK UP METERS
Feeder Name 132 KV Doyang Dimapur Feeder-I 132 KV Doyang Dimapur Feeder-II 132 KV Doyang Kohima Feeder (Future) 132 KV Doyang Mokokchang LOC ID ZZ-13 ZZ-14 NG-04 NG-05

For Net injection of Doyang, one fictitious meter DY-71 is used. DY-71 = +(DY-01) +(DY-02) +(DY-03) +(DY-04) 17

KHANDONG & KOPILI-II Interconnection with Grid

Haflong Khandong KK-01 Khandong KK-02 Khandong KK-03 KK-12 Kdong GT

C T U
A S S A M

ZZ-07 Khlieriat ZZ-15 Khlieriat ZZ-16 Umrangsoo AS-14 KK-09 Kdong AUX KK-20

Ckt-I

Ckt-II KK-10

K H A N D O N G & K O P I L I -II

KK-11

Dam site Feeder(NEEPCO) KK-19 Kopili-II Stn. TRF.

K O P I L I

KK-17 KK-18 Kopili-II GT Khandong KK-04 LEGEND Main Meter Back Up Meter 33KV Line 132KV Line 220KV Line

Kopili

KK-08

Following main and back up meters are used for calculating Khandong and Kopili-II injection. Location ID of Khandong and Kopili-II meters is denoted as KD-XX (where XX is ID no. of meters).

MAIN METERS
LOC ID KK-01 KK-02 KK-03 KK-04 KK-20 AS-14 KK-19 KK-17

BACK UP METERS
Feeder Name 132 KV Khandong Haflong Feeder 132 KV Khandong Khlieriat Feeder-I 132 KV Khandong Khlieriat Feeder-II 220/132 KV Khandong Kopili 33 KV Damsite NEEPCO Umrangsoo Consumption Kopili Stage-II Station Transformer Kopili Stage-II GT-2 LOC ID ZZ-07 ZZ-15 ZZ-16 KK-08

For Net injection of Khandong, one fictitious meter KD-71 is used.

KD-71 = +(KK-01)+ (KK-02) + (KK-03) + (KK-04) + (KK-20) + (AS-14) - (KK-17) +(KK-19)

Net injection of Kopili-II is the summation of (KK-17) & (KK-19). Kopili-II injection = + (KK-17) - (KK-19) 18

KOPILI Interconnection with Grid

C T U
K D O N G

Misa ZZ-10 Misa ZZ-11 Misa ZZ-12

Khandong

Ckt-I

Kopili KK-05

K O P I L I

Ckt-II Ckt-III

Kopili KK-06 Kopili KK-07 Kopili

KK-04

LEGEND Main Meter Back Up Meter 132 KV Line 220 KV Line

KK-08

Following main and back up meters are used for calculating Kopili injection. Location ID of Kopili meters is denoted as KK-XX (where XX is ID no. of meters).

MAIN METERS
LOC ID KK-05 KK-06 KK-07 KK-08 Feeder Name 220 KV Kopili Misa Feeder-I 220 KV Kopili Misa Feeder-II 220 KV Kopili Misa Feeder-III 220/132 KV Kopili Khandong

BACK UP METERS
LOC ID ZZ-10 ZZ-11 ZZ-12 KK-04

For Net injection of Kopili, one fictitious meter KP-71 is used.

KP-71 = + (KK-05) + (KK-06) + (KK-07) + (KK-08)

KATHALGURI Interconnection with Grid

A S S A M Mariani AS-03 Tinsukia AS-53 Misa ZZ-09 Deomali Kathalguri KT-01 Kathalguri KT-15 Kathalguri KT-02 Kathalguri LEGEND Main Meter Back Up Meter 220 KV Line 19 KT-14

C T U
A P

AR-07

K A T H A L G U R I

Following main and back up meters are used for calculating Kathalguri injection. Location ID of Kathalguri meters is denoted as KT-XX (where XX is ID no. of meters).

MAIN METERS
LOC ID KT-01 KT-02 KT-14 KT-15

BACK UP METERS
Feeder Name 220 KV Kathalguri Mariani Feeder 220 KV Kathalguri Misa Feeder 220 KV Kathalguri Deomali Feeder 220 KV Kathalguri Tinsukia Feeder LOC ID AS-03 ZZ-09 AR-07 AS-53

For Net injection of Kathalguri, one fictitious meter KT-71 is used. KT-71 = + (KT-01) + (KT-02) + (KT-14) + (KT-15)

LOKTAK Interconnection with Grid

C T U
M A N I P U R

Imphal ZZ-19 Jiribam ZZ-06 Jiribam ZZ-05 NKong MN-02 LEGEND Main Meter Back Up Meter 132 KV Line Faulty Line

Loktak LO-03 Loktak LO-02 Loktak LO-01 Loktak LO-04

L O K T A K

Ckt-II Ckt-I

Following main and back up meters are used for calculating Loktak injection. Location ID of Loktak meters is denoted as LO-XX (where XX is ID no. of meters).

MAIN METERS
LOC ID LO-01 LO-02 LO-03 LO-04 Feeder Name

BACK UP METERS
LOC ID ZZ-05 ZZ-06 ZZ-19 MN-02 132 KV Loktak Jiribam Feeder-I 132 KV Loktak Jiribam Feeder-II 132 KV Loktak Imphal Feeder 132 KV Loktak Ningthoukhong

For Net injection of Loktak, one fictitious meter LO-71 is used. LO-71 = + (LO-01) + (LO-02) + (LO-03) + (LO-04) 20

R C NAGAR Interconnection with Grid

C T U
T R I P U R A

Kumarghat TR-11

RC Nagar AG-03

R C N A G A R

Agartala TR-01 Agartala TR-02

Ckt-I

RC Nagar AG-01

Ckt-II LEGEND Main Meter Back Up Meter 132KV Line

RC Nagar AG-02

Following main and back up meters are used for calculating R C Nagar injection. Location ID of R C Nagar meters is denoted as AG-XX (where XX is ID no. of meters).

MAIN METERS
LOC ID AG-01 AG-02 AG-03 Feeder Name

BACK UP METERS
LOC ID TR-01 TR-02 TR-11 132 KV R C Nagar Agartala Feeder-I 132 KV R C Nagar Agartala Feeder-II 132 KV R C Nagar Kumarghat Feeder

For Net injection of RC Nagar, one fictitious meter AG-71 is used. AG-71 = + (AG-01) + (AG-02) + (AG-03)

RANGANADI Interconnection with Grid

A P
Ziro AR-06 AR-05 Naharlagun Nirjuli AR-03 Balipara AS-44 Balipara AS-45 Ckt-I Ckt-II LEGEND Main Meter Back Up Meter 400 KV Line 132KV Line Ranganadi RN-11 R A N Ranganadi RN-01 Ranganadi RN-02 Ranganadi RN-03 G A N A D I

C T U

21

Following main and back up meters are used for calculating Ranganadi injection. Location ID of Ranganadi meters is denoted as RN-XX (where XX is ID no. of meters).

MAIN METERS
LOC ID RN-01 RN-02 RN-03 RN-11

BACK UP METERS
Feeder Name 132 KV Ranganadi Nirjuli Feeder 400 KV Ranganadi Balipara Feeder-I 400 KV Ranganadi Balipara Feeder-II 132 KV Ranganadi Ziro Feeder LOC ID AR-03 + AR-05 AS-44 AS-45 AR-06

For Net injection of Ranganadi, one fictitious meter RN-71 is used. RN-71 = + (RN-01) + (RN-02) + (RN-03) + (RN-11)

2.6

Master Database of SEMs in NER

Meter No. NP-0360-A NP-0319-A NP-0357-A NP-0379-A NP-0822-A NP-0309-A NP-0866-A NP-0863-A NP-0846-A NP-0368-A NP-0301-A NP-2503-A NP-6034-A NP-5781-A NP-0347-A NP-0850-A NP-5797-A NP-5796-A NP-5795-A FUTURE NP-0000-A NP-0847-A NP-0294-A NP-0862-A NP-5313-A NP-5318-A NP-5312-A NP-5311-A NP-5316-A NP-5314-A NP-5315-A NP-5305-A NP-5304-A NP-5303-A NP-5299-A NP-5291-A NP-5298-A NP-5294-A NP-5290-A NP-5296-A NP-5309-A C.T. Ratio 0400 0400 0800 0800 0400 0400 0600 0200 0400 0400 0050 0300 0400 0200 0800 0800 0800 0500 0400 0300 0600 0600 0300 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 0800 0800 0300 0800 0800 1000 1000 0800 0500 0500 1200 1000 P.T. Ratio 1200.0000 1200.0000 2000.0000 2000.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 0600.0000 1200.0000 0300.0000 2000.0000 2000.0000 2000.0000 2000.0000 2000.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 3636.3636 3636.3636 3636.3636 3636.3636 3636.3636 2000.0000 2000.0000 1200.0000 2000.0000 2000.0000 3636.3636 3636.3636 2000.0000 2000.0000 2000.0000 2000.0000 3636.3636 Place of installation of SEM KAHELIPARA END OF UMTRU-1 FDR KAHELIPARA END OF UMTRU-2 FDR MARIANI END OF KATHALGURI FDR MARIANI END OF MISA FDR MARIANI END OF DIMAPUR FDR BADARPUR END OF LUMSHONG FDR BADARPUR(ASEB)END OF BDP(PG)FDR DULLAVCHERRA END OF D'NGAR FDR S'SAJAI END OF 132kV STG-4 FDR-1 PAILAPOOL END OF JIRIBAM FDR HAFLONG CONSUMPTION BOKAJAN END OF DIMAPUR FEEDER GOHPUR END OF 132KV NIRJULI FDR UMRANGSOO CONSUMPTION BTPS END OF SALAKATI FDR-2 BTPS END OF SALAKATI FDR-1 SAMAGURI END OF MISA-1 FDR SAMAGURI END OF MISA-2 FDR SAMAGURI END OF BALIPARA-1 FDR SAMAGURI END OF BALIPARA-2 FDR BDP(PG)END OF JIRIBAM FEEDER BDP(PG) END OF BDP(ASEB) FEEDER BDP(PG) END OF KOLASIB FDR BADARPUR(PG)END OF KHLRT FEEDER BONG END OF BINAGURI-1 FEEDER BONG END OF BINAGURI-2 FEEDER BONG 400/220kV ICT(HV SIDE) BONG END OF BLP-1 FEEDER BONG END OF BLP-2 FEEDER SALAKATI END OF BTPS-1 FDR SALAKATI END OF BTPS-2 FDR SALAKATI END OF BHUTAN FEEDER SALAKATI END OF BIRPARA-1 FDR SALAKATI END OF BIRPARA-2 FDR MISA END OF BALIPARA-1 FDR MISA END OF BALIPARA-2 FDR MISA END OF MARIANI FDR MISA END OF SMG-1 FDR MISA END OF SMG-2 FDR MISA 400/220KV ICT(LV SIDE) BALIPARA 400/220KV ICT

Location ID AS-01 AS-02 AS-03 AS-04 AS-05 AS-06 AS-07 AS-08 AS-09 AS-10 AS-11 AS-12 AS-13 AS-14 AS-15 AS-16 AS-17 AS-18 AS-19 AS-20 AS-21 AS-22 AS-23 AS-24 AS-25 AS-26 AS-27 AS-28 AS-29 AS-30 AS-31 AS-32 AS-33 AS-34 AS-35 AS-36 AS-37 AS-38 AS-39 AS-40 AS-41

22

Location ID AS-42 AS-43 AS-44 AS-45 AS-46 AS-47 AS-48 AS-49 AS-50 AS-52 AS-53 AS-54 AS-55 MN-01 MN-02 MN-03 MN-04 MN-05 MN-06 MN-07 MN-08 ZZ-01 ZZ-02 ZZ-05 ZZ-06 ZZ-07 ZZ-09 ZZ-10 ZZ-11 ZZ-12 ZZ-13 ZZ-14 ZZ-15 ZZ-16 ZZ-17 ZZ-18 ZZ-19 ZZ-20 ZZ-21 ZZ-22 ZZ-23 ZZ-24 ZZ-25 ZZ-26 ZZ-27 ER-01 ER-02 ER-03 ER-04 ER-05 ER-06 ER-07 WR-01 ME-01 ME-02 ME-03 ME-04 ME-05 ME-06 ME-07 ME-08 ME-09

Meter No. NP-5307-A FUTURE NP-5310-A NP-5308-A NP-4139-A NP-0306-B NP-0335-A NP-0639-B NP-0843-A NP-0358-A NP-0855-A NP-5283-A NP-5306-A NP-0299-A NP-0356-A NP-0334-A NP-0311-A NP-0806-A NP-0287-A NP-0000-A NP-0288-A NP-0338-A NP-0344-A NP-0000-A NP-0284-A NP-0303-A NP-6157-A NP-5293-A NP-5292-A NP-5295-A NP-5319-A NP-5284-A NP-0802-A NP-0803-A NP-5280-A NP-5281-A NP-0346-A NP-5301-A NP-5302-A NP-5300-A NP-5289-A NP-5282-A NP-5790-A NP-5285-A NP-5317-A NP-5884-A NP-5885-A NP-4144-A NP-2358-A NP-0364-A NP-0550-A NP-0518-A NP-2465-A NP-0821-A NP-0322-A NP-0312-A NP-0371-A NP-0842-A NP-0804-A NP-0807-A NP-0819-A NP-2506-A

C.T. Ratio 0800 1000 1000 0200 0040 0100 0010 0400 0400 0400 0800 0300 0400 0400 0400 0050 0300 0400 0400 0400 0400 0400 0300 0300 0400 0800 0500 0800 0800 0300 0300 0300 0600 1000 1000 0300 0500 0500 1000 0300 1200 1000 1000 1200 1000 1000 0800 0800 0300 0500 0500 1000 0400 0300 0400 0400 0400 0300 0400 0400 0300

P.T. Ratio 2000.0000 3636.3636 3636.3636 0300.0000 0300.0000 0300.0000 0300.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 2000.0000 2000.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 2000.0000 2000.0000 2000.0000 2000.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 3636.3636 3636.3636 1200.0000 2000.0000 2000.0000 3636.3636 2000.0000 2000.0000 3636.3636 3636.3636 2000.0000 3636.3636 3636.3636 2000.0000 2000.0000 1200.0000 3636.3636 3636.3636 3636.3636 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000

Place of installation of SEM BALIPARA END OF SAMAGURI FDR-1 BALIPARA END OF SAMAGURI FDR-2 BALIPARA END OF RANGANADI FDR-1 BALIPARA END OF RANGANADI FDR-2 GORGAON END OF 33KV NAGINIMORA MARIANI END OF 33KV CHANKI FDR RUPAI END OF 33KV NAMSAI FDR LEKHAPANI END OF 33KV JAIRAMPUR S'SAJAI END OF 132kV STG-4 FDR-2 MARIANI END OF 132KV MCHANG FDR TINSUKIA END OF 220KV KTG FDR BALIPARA-KHUPI 220/132KV(HV) ICT BALIPARA END OF 132kV KHUPI FDR YUREMBAM END OF IMPH PG FDR NINTHOUKHONG END OF LOKTAK FDR KARONG END OF KOHIMA FDR JIRIBAM (132/33KV TRF)CONSUMPTION IMPHAL PG END OF YUREMBAM FDR JIRIBAM END OF PLP FDR JIRIBAM END OF AIZAWL FDR JIRIBAM END OF HAFLONG FDR YUREMBAM END OF NKHONG FDR YUREMBAM END OF KARONG FDR JIRIBAM END OF LOKTAK-1 FDR JIRIBAM END OF LOKTAK-2 FDR HAFLONG END OF KHD FDR MISA END OF KATHALGURI FDR MISA END OF KOPILI-1 FDR MISA END OF KOPILI-2 FDR MISA END OF KOPILI-3 FDR DIMAPUR END OF DOYANG-1 FDR DIMAPUR END OF DOYANG-2 FDR KHLRT END OF KHANDONG-1 FDR KHLRT END OF KHANDONG-2 FDR BALIPARA END OF BONG-1 FDR BALIPARA END OF BONG-2 FDR IMPHAL PG END OF LOKTAK FDR MISA END OF DIM-1 FDR MISA END OF DIM-2 FDR MISA 400/220KV ICT(HV SIDE) DIMAPUR(HV SIDE) 220/132kV ICT BALIPARA 400/220KV(LV) ICT BALIPARA END OF MISA FDR-1 BALIPARA END OF MISA FDR-2 BONG 400/220KV(LV) ICT BINAGURI END OF BONG FDR-1 BINAGURI END OF BONG FDR-2 BIRPARA END OF SALAKATI-1 BIRPARA END OF SALAKATI-2 GELEPHU END OF SALAKATI FDR DURGAPUR FREQ BACKUP METER-1 DURGAPUR FREQ BACKUP METER-2 KORBA END OF KORBA-VINDYACHAL LUMSHNONG END OF BADARPUR FDR KHLT(MeSEB) END OF KHLT(PG) FDR-1 UMTRU END OF KAHELIPARA-1 UMTRU END OF KAHELIPARA-2 STAGE-IV END OF S'SUJAI FDR-2 KHLT(PG) END OF KHLT(MeSEB) FDR-1 STAGE-IV END OF S'SUJAI FDR-1 KHLT(MeSEB) END OF KHLT(PG) FDR-2 KHLT(PG) END OF KHLT(MeSEB) FDR-2

23

Location ID MZ-01 MZ-02 MZ-03 MZ-04 MZ-05 MZ-06 MZ-07 MZ-08 MZ-09 MZ-10 NG-01 NG-02 NG-03 NG-04 NG-05 NG-06 NG-07 NG-08 NG-09 NG-10 NG-11 NG-12 TR-01 TR-02 TR-03 TR-04 TR-05 TR-06 TR-07 TR-08 TR-09 TR-10 TR-11 TR-12 KK-01 KK-02 KK-03 KK-04 KK-05 KK-06 KK-07 KK-08 KK-09 KK-10 KK-11 KK-12 KK-13 KK-14 KK-15 KK-16 KK-17 KK-18 KK-19 KK-20 KT-01 KT-02 KT-03 KT-04 KT-05 KT-06 KT-07 KT-08

Meter No. NP-0867-A NP-0000-A NP-2505-A NP-2501-A NP-4134-A NP-4133-A NP-0445-A NP-0323-A NP-0293-A NP-0286-A NP-5288-A NP-0327-A NP-0337-A FUTURE NP-4208-A NP-5320-A NP-5321-A NP-5287-A NP-5323-A NP-5322-A NP-0348-A NP-0298-A NP-0302-A NP-0825-A NP-0869-A NP-0291-A NP-0369-A NP-0652-B NP-4137-A NP-4136-A NP-0000-A NP-0826-A NP-0280-A NP-4138-A NP-5780-A NP-5809-A NP-5774-A NP-5773-A NP-5811-A NP-5812-A NP-5799-A NP-5801-A NP-5783-A NP-5775-A NP-5779-A NP-6153-A NP-5802-A NP-5800-A NP-5798-A NP-5808-A NP-5810-A NP-6155-A NP-5776-A NP-6154-A NP-5785-A NP-5784-A NP-5804-A NP-5805-A NP-5806-A NP-5807-A NP-5818-A NP-5819-A

C.T. Ratio 0300 0060 0150 0075 0075 0025 0075 0600 0300 0400 0300 0250 0100 0100 0250 0250 0300 0600 0300 0400 0100 0400 0400 0400 0300 0025 0040 0075 0075 0300 0400 0600 0300 0300 0300 0600 0300 0500 0500 0500 0300 0025 0050 0150 0150 0200 0200 0200 0200 0200 0100 0025 0200 0800 0800 0150 0150 0150 0150 0150 0150

P.T. Ratio 1200.0000 0600.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 0600.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 0600.0000 1200.0000 2000.0000 2000.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 0600.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 2000.0000 2000.0000 2000.0000 1200.0000 0300.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 2000.0000 2000.0000 2000.0000 2000.0000 1200.0000 0300.0000 0300.0000 0300.0000 2000.0000 2000.0000 2000.0000 2000.0000 2000.0000 2000.0000 2000.0000 2000.0000

Place of installation of SEM AIZAWL END OF ZEMABAWK FDR VAIRENGTE END OF DCHERRA FDR BAIRABI END OF 132kV KOLASIB FDR HV SIDE OF 11/132kV TRF-1 HV SIDE OF 11/132kV TRF-2 HV SIDE OF 132/11kV TRF(BAIRABI) BWK END OF 132/66KV KOLASIB FDR AIZAWL(PG) END OF KOLASIB FDR AIZAWL(PG) END OF KUMARGHAT FDR AIZAWL(PG) END OF JIRIBAM FDR DIMAPUR(PG) END OF DPUR(NAG) FDR KOHIMA END OF KARONG FDR DIMAPUR END OF BOKAJAN FDR KOHIMA END OF DOYANG FDR MOKOKCHUNG END OF DOYANG FDR DIMAPUR END OF MISA-1 FDR DIMAPUR END OF MISA-2 FDR DIMAPUR END OF 132kV MARIANI FDR DIMAPUR(LV SIDE) 220/132kV ICT DIMAPUR END OF IMPHAL FEEDER DIMAPUR(S)END OF DIMAPUR(PG) FDR MCHUNG END OF 132kV MARIANI FDR AGARTALA END OF AGTPP-1 FDR AGARTALA END OF AGTPP-2 FDR P.K.BARI END OF K'GHAT(PG) FDR K'GHAT(PG) END OF P.K.BARI FDR K'GHAT 5MVA ICT DHARMANAGAR END OF DULLAV FDR ROKHIA GT-5 ROKHIA GT-6 K'GHAT END OF AZL FEEDER K'GHAT (PG)END OF BDR FEEDER K'GHAT END OF AGTPP FDR BARAMURA GT-4 KHANDONG END OF HAFLONG FDR KHANDONG END OF KHLRT FDR-1 KHANDONG END OF KHLRT FDR-2 KHANDONG END OF KOPILI FDR KOPILI END OF MISA-1 FDR KOPILI END OF MISA-2 FDR KOPILI END OF 220KV MISA-3 FDR KOPILI 220/132KV ICT KHANDONG 33KV STN TRF KHANDONG 132/33KV ICT KHANDONG GT-1 KHANDONG GT-2 KOPILI GT-1 KOPILI GT-2 KOPILI GT-3 KOPILI GT-4 KOPILI GT-2 OF STG-2 LV SIDE OF 132/33KV TRF KOPILI STG-2 33KV STN TRF 33KV DAMSITE FDR(NEEPCO) KATHALGURI END OF MARIANI FDR KATHALGURI END OF MISA FDR KATHALGURI GT-1 KATHALGURI GT-2 KATHALGURI GT-3 KATHALGURI GT-4 KATHALGURI GT-5 KATHALGURI GT-6

24

Location ID KT-09 KT-10 KT-11 KT-12 KT-13 KT-14 KT-15 AG-01 AG-02 AG-03 AG-04 AG-05 AG-06 AG-07 AG-08 AG-09 AR-01 AR-02 AR-03 AR-04 AR-05 AR-06 AR-07 DY-01 DY-02 DY-03 DY-04 DY-05 DY-06 DY-07 DY-08 LO-01 LO-02 LO-03 LO-04 LO-05 LO-06 LO-07 LO-08 RN-01 RN-02 RN-03 RN-04 RN-05 RN-06 RN-07 RN-08 RN-09 RN-10 RN-11

Meter No. NP-5820-A NP-5822-A NP-5823-A NP-5789-A NP-5791-A NP-5787-A NP-5786-A NP-0858-A NP-0851-A NP-0870-A NP-0859-A NP-0827-A NP-0830-A NP-0829-A NP-0857-A NP-0856-A NP-5825-A NP-5824-A NP-6031-A NP-5771-A NP-5793-A NP-4205-A NP-4206-A NP-5770-A NP-5794-A NP-5279-A NP-5772-A NP-5826-A NP-5768-A NP-5803-A NP-5827-A NP-0289-A NP-0329-A NP-0330-A NP-0331-A NP-0283-A NP-0304-A NP-0307-A NP-0375-A NP-5792-A NP-6033-A NP-5817-A NP-5277-A NP-5813-A NP-5814-A NP-5276-A NP-5815-A NP-5816-A NP-5275-A NP-5278-A

C.T. Ratio 0150 0150 0150 0050 0050 0400 0800 0300 0300 0600 0250 0250 0250 0250 0050 0050 0100 0100 0600 0300 0300 0150 0400 0300 0300 0300 0300 0025 0125 0125 0125 0400 0400 0400 0400 2500 2500 2500 0050 0500 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 0250 0250 1000 1000 0500

P.T. Ratio 2000.0000 2000.0000 2000.0000 2000.0000 2000.0000 2000.0000 2000.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 2000.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 0100.0000 0100.0000 0100.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 3636.3636 3636.3636 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000 1200.0000

Place of installation of SEM KATHALGURI GT-7 KATHALGURI GT-8 KATHALGURI GT-9 KATHALGURI STN TRF-1 KATHALGURI STN TRF-2 KTG END OF 220kV DEOMALI FDR KTG END OF 220kV TINSUKIA FDR AGTPP END OF AGARTALA-1 FDR AGTPP END OF AGARTALA-2 FDR AGTPP END OF K'GHAT FDR AGTPP GT-1 AGTPP GT-2 AGTPP GT-3 AGTPP GT-4 AGTPP STN TRF-1 AGTPP STN TRF-2 NIRJULI TRF INCOMER-1 NIRJULI TRF INCOMER-2 NRJ(PG) END OF 132kV RNG FDR NRJ(PG) END OF 132kV GOHPUR FDR NAHARLAGUN 132KV FDR ZIRO END OF 132KV RANGANADI FDR DEOMALI END OF 220KV KGURI FDR DOYANG END OF 132KV DPUR-1 FDR DOYANG END OF 132KV DPUR-2 FDR DOYANG END OF 132KV KOHIMA FDR DOYANG END OF 132KV MOKOK FDR DOYANG STN TRF DOYANG GT-1 DOYANG GT-2 DOYANG GT-3 LOKTAK END OF JIRIBAM-1 FDR LOKTAK END OF JIRIBAM-2 FDR LOKTAK END OF IMPHAL PG FDR LOKTAK END OF NKHONG FDR LOKTAK GT-3 LOKTAK GT-1 LOKTAK GT-2 LOKTAK STN TRF RANGANADI END OF NIRJULI FDR RANGANADI END OF 400KV BLP-1 RANGANADI END OF 400KV BLP-2 RANGANADI GT-1 RANGANADI GT-2 RANGANADI GT-3 RANGANADI STN.TFR-1 RANGANADI STN.TFR-2 RANGANADI 400/132KV AUTO TFR-1 RANGANADI 400/132KV AUTO TFR-2 RANGANADI END OF 132KV Zero FDR

***************

25

SECTION 3
DATA COLLECTION & TRANSMITTAL TO RLDC

3.1 Data Collection from Meters

The figure below shows a typical arrangement for collecting data from Special Energy Meters (SEM) using Data Collecting Device (DCD). The DCD is connected to the SEM through two interconnected cables: 1. Data cable 2. Optical cable

Special Energy Meter

Data Collecting Device (DCD)

Optical Cable

Data Cable 3.1.1 Data Collection from SEM through DCD DCD (Data Collecting Device) is used for collection of data from Special Energy Meters. Optical port of meter is the interface between SEM and DCD for data tapping from meter memory. Optical cord is used for coupling DCD to the optical port of SEM which is circular for L&T meters and rectangular in case of Secure make SEMs. Suitable software is provided with DCD to enable data collection from SEMs and dumping the same to PC. Optical port of SEM and DCD with connecting cords is shown in figure below.

Optical Port in SEM

DCD with connecting cords 26

There are two models of DCD: 1. The model with only numeric keys and control keys (17 keys) known as POS296 model (PSION) This model is already outdated and is not being discussed. 2. The model with full alphanumeric keys and control keys (45 keys) known as XP model (Analogic). All DCD related procedures discussed in this manual pertains to analogic DCD. For downloading data from SEM to DCD and subsequently dumping the same from DCD to PC following procedure is carried out: 3.1.1.1 Data tapping from Meter to DCD Step 1: Connect the AC to DC Adapter (9 Volt) to DCD / MRI (Meter Reading Instrument) Step 2: Connect the Data cable with DCD/MRI Data cables are of two types: 1. D-Type Cable: Having 9-pin connectors at both ends. (The round shaped male end being connected to DCD). 2. RJ-11 Cable: Having 9-pin female connector at one end and RJ-11 (Telephone jack) at other end (connected to DCD). Step 3: Connect 9-pin female connector of the data cable with 9-pin male connector of the optical cord. Step 4: Place the other end of Optical cord to the optical sensor/port of the SEM. Step 5: DCD is switched ON by Pressing POWER RESUME key for few seconds. Step 6: DCD will be powered up & following menu will appear in the DCD screen D : Collect Selected Data U : PC Communication P : Programming Mode O : Memory Status Check R : Accuracy Test Step 7: Press D for collecting data from SEM. DCD will display the following message While making connection with DCD Wait 27

While collecting data Receiving Preselected data ***** Bytes

After successful completion of data collection Data Collected ***** Bytes Received Press Enter

Step 8: To come back to main menu of DCD, press Enter. Step 9: Decouple the optical cord from the SEM optical port and disconnect optical cord from the data cable. Then DCD will be with data cable only for dumping of data from DCD to PC. 3.1.1.2 Data dumping from DCD to PC by Vincom software for L&T meters: Step 1: To connect DCD with local PC, plug in 9-pin female connector of the data cable to 9-pin serial port of the local PC. Step 2: The operations should be started from Computer. Step 3: Open Vincom with appropriate login ID and password. Step 4: Select Collect Data option in MRI and following screen will appear.

28

Step 5: Click on Collect Data option and following window will appear.

Step 6: Press U key in DCD for PC communication and following will appear in DCD display. While communicating PC with DCD Waiting for Data Request

screen

Step 7: Enter Collector Name and click on Collect button. Following screen will appear in Vincom software.

29

The data file will be saved in a sub-folder named Data in Vincom folder of the particular directory where the software (Vincom) is installed. Data will be saved in a file with the following naming format: yyyyMMddhhmmss.dat where, yyyy = Year, MM = Month, dd = Date, hh = Hour, mm = Minutes and ss = seconds For Example, if data is downloaded on 04/06/08 at 15:30:15Hrs, it will be stored as 20080604153015.dat Note: Automatic naming of data file while downloading without asking for user defined file name is creating operational/processing problems. Matter is being taken up with L&T for rectification. While downloading data from DCD to PC following screen will appear in DCD display Clearing DCD Step 8: After completion of Dumping, DCD will display Data Dumped ***** Bytes and Vincom will show the following screen:

Step 9: Press Enter key in DCD to go to the main menu and click on OK button in Vincom 30

Step 10: Click on Close button to exit from Vincom and click on Yes option at the confirmation prompt.

Step 11: To switch off the DCD press POWER RESUME key for few seconds until the barline on the DCD screen is completely erased. Otherwise, DCD goes to safe mode and battery is also drained progressively. 3.1.1.3 Data dumping from DCD to PC by Smartgrid software for SML meters Step 1: To connect DCD with local PC, plug in 9-pin female connector of the data cable to 9-pin serial port of the local PC. Step 2: The operations should be started from Computer. Step 3: Open Smartgrid with appropriate login id and password. Step 4: Select MRI Communication option in MRI and following screen will appear

31

Step 5: Click on MRI Communication option in Smartgrid and following window will appear on the screen.

Step 6: Press U key in DCD for PC communication and following screen will appear in DCD display: While communicating PC with DCD Waiting for Data Request Step 7: Click on Read MRI option and following window will appear on the screen:

32

Now click on Yes option for data dumping. The data file will be saved in a sub-folder named Data in Smartgrid folder of the particular directory where the software (Smartgrid) is installed. Data will be saved in a file with the following naming format: ddmmyyno.MRI where, dd = Date, mm = month, yy = Year and no = Two digit numeric code. For example, the first and third readings dumped to PC on 01/05/08 will be stored as 01050801.MRI and 01050803.MRI respectively. Note: Automatic naming of data file while downloading without asking for user defined file name is creating operational/processing problems. Earlier, in case of PSION type DCD, there used to be a prompt asking for user defined file name. While downloading data from DCD to PC following screen will appear in DCD display Clearing DCD Step 8: After completion of Dumping, DCD will display Data Dumped ***** Bytes Step 9: Press Enter key in DCD to go the main menu. Step 10: Click on Close button to exit from Smartgrid. Step 11: To switch off the DCD press POWER RESUME key for few seconds until the barline on the DCD screen is completely erased. Otherwise, DCD goes to safe mode and battery is also drained progressively. 3.1.1.4 Sending Data from Metering Locations to RLDC Step 1: Attach the appropriate *.MRI or *.dat file from sub-folder Data of Smartgrid or Vincom folder in an e-mail message. Step 2: e-mail the message to nerldc1@hotmail.com or nerldc1@sancharnet.in. 3.1.2 Data Collection from SEM through RS-485 Scheme RS-485 scheme facilitates automatic data downloading from all the meters in a location to a local PC. RS-485 standard is a balanced data transmission scheme with two wire connectivity (having ground). L&T make SEMs are RS-485 compatible having DATA (+), DATA (-) & GROUND terminals in its RS-485 terminal block. However, as RS-232 (serial binary data communication) is used in Computer serial ports, RS-485 to RS-232 converter is required for communication between a meter and PC. RS-232/9 pin serial port of PC is connected with RS-232 port of converter and RS-485 port of converter is connected with the RS-485 terminals of SEM. 33

The following connection diagram shows four meters connected in parallel to a PC using RS-485 scheme of data communication. A write up on RS-485 / RS-232 is enclosed as Annexure-I

Special Energy Meter

RS 232

D+ D-

Substation PC
RS 232 to RS 485 Converter

Terminal block of L&T make SEM showing CT, PT, RS-485 connectivity.
R Phase PT lead Y Phase PT lead Neutral lead B Phase PT lead RS485-Ground RS485-DATA(-)

RS485DATA(+)

R Phase CT lead

Y Phase CT lead

B Phase CT lead

3.1.2.1 Data Collection through RS-485 Ensure the connection arrangement of meters, converter and PC as shown in above figure. Step 1: Open the Vincom software with appropriate login ID and password. Step 2: Select Remote Meter and click on Scheduler. Scheduler is a template to collect metered data in a predefined manner. Normally, a scheduler contains all the meters connected to the local PC through converter. Scheduler is configured before hand by allocating unique Slave IDs to each meters and collection time. 34

Step 3: After clicking on Scheduler, a separate window will appear. Select appropriate scheduler templates & click on Start Scheduler option to initiate the data collection from meters.

Metered data will be collected in a sequence as defined in the scheduler. While collecting data from a meter, all fields against that particular meter will be displayed in blue colour on the scheduler screen. On successful data collection, the fields will turn green. Otherwise, the fields will turn from blue to red. Scheduler will temporarily skip the said meter and proceed with data collection from other meters in the list. Thereafter, scheduler will make repeated (pre-defined) attempts to collect data from the meters skipped earlier. However, if Scheduler fails to collect data of any meter even after 35

repeated attempts, it will stop. Generally it can happen if a particular meter is powered off; in such a case external 63.5V single phase supply is to be provided to the meter before running scheduler for data collection. The resultant *.DAT file will contain data of all the meters which could successfully communicate with the Scheduler. Step 4: All metered data will create a single *.DAT file and save in Vincom folder of local PC by default. Step 5: Close the window and exit from Vincom by Logging out. Step 6: Attach *.DAT file and e-mail it to nerldc1@hotmail.com or nerldc1@sancharnet.in.

3.2 Data Collection Locations in NER

Sl. No 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 Location Aizawl (PG) Jiribam Haflong Salakati Misa Kumarghat Dimapur Imphal (PG) Loktak Nirjuli Khliehriat(PG) Badarpur Balipara Kahelipara (ASEB) Jorhat NEEPCO Agartala Sumer-MeSEB Lumshnong Ziro Rupai Rokhia Baramura Gargaon Lekhapani Mokokchung Tinsukia Deomali Aizawl (Mizoram) Data collection from Aizawl (PG) Jiribam/Pailapool Haflong Salakati/Bgaon/Gelephu Misa/Samaguri Kghat/Dnagar/P.K.Bari Dimapur/Kohima /Bokajan Imphal(PG)/Imphal Loktak Nirjuli/Gohpur /Naharlagun KHLT(PG)/(MeSEB) Bpur/Pgram/Dcherra Balipara/ Khupi/Kimi Kahelipara/Sarusajai Kathalguri/Mariani DHEP/ RHEP/KHEP /AGBPP/AGTPP Agartala(79-Tilla) Umtru, Stage IV MeSEB Ziro Rupai Tripura Tripura ASEB Jairampur (AP) Nagaland ASEB Deomali (AP) Bairabi/ Bawktlang Nodal officer H.L. Siama (Mgr) Pranjal Gogoi (AE) A.B.K Singh(Mgr) Manish Barman (JE) H.Talukdar (DM) Arindam Sharma(DM) Ms. Binita Sarma (AE) H.R.Choudhury(Mgr) Abhilash Das (AE) D.Bramha ( Mgr ) Jitu Gohain (AE) Babul Roy (DM) B.B.Sharma(Sr.Mgr) Tasso Bida(DM) A.R.Choudhury (DM) Mridul Nath (AE) K.K.Medhi (CM) Dharmendra Kumar AE Jatin Baishya(Sr. Mgr) Ms. Lekha Bhuiya D. Pegu (Engr.) Arup Sharma (CM) Ms. Sampa Sen (Mgr) A. Kharpan (EE) A.R.Choudhury (DM) N.Kojen (CM) N.Bhattacharjee S.Bhowmic (Sr. Mgr) R.Singh (JE) Atomo Achumi N.Bhattacharjee H. Rajen Singh(CM) S. Das (SDO) Swama(JE) Contact No. 09436352277 09436352279 09435503495 09435712885 03673-236405 09435560899 09435539241 09435539234 09436463805 09436463804 09436602685 09436602686 0385-2436211 09436038547 09436227757 09436335257 09435567398 09435521525 09435711183 09435041494 09864025116 09435093639 09436304964 09436120263 09436117802 09436335257 09436227761 03759-241686 09435337189 09436057439 03759-241686 09436227760 09436362308 09436143077

36

3.3 Automating Meter data Collection / Transmission

Special Energy Meters were installed in NER during 1995-96. For past 12 years, data collection from meters through DCD as well as data transmission to RLDC from metering locations through internet is being carried out manually. Automating both the activities, i.e., data collection from the meter and data transmittal to RLDC would help in total elimination of manual intervention in the entire chain of activity. 3.3.1 Automatic Data collection Implementation of RS-485 scheme would enable automatic data collection from all meters in a location to the local PC. In NER, RS-485 is in place in 400/220KV Misa substation of POWERGRID. By end of 2008, the scheme will be implemented in all NER metering locations having more than two SEMs. 3.3.2 Automatic Data Transmission Meter data stored in PC at the metering locations can be automatically transmitted to RLDC using dedicated communication system like VSAT, OFC etc. A schematic of automatic data transmission system being implemented by ASEB is as below: Automatic Meter Data Transmission Schematic in Assam System of NER

Metering architecture of ASEB for Intra-State ABT Meter Meter

Data Data Concentrator Concentrator

Meter

Meter

Ethernet Switch

Wideband communication
Local Online Monitoring

SLDC

Local PC

In NER, the possibility of automatic data transmission utilising wideband communication network of ULDC or GSM network is being explored. As all POWERGRID substations are getting connected through WAN shortly, automatic data transmission from all POWERGRID locations could also be possible through WAN.

*************

37

SECTION 4
DATA PROCESSING & COMPUTATION

In this section all activities have been discussed in details, sequentially, starting with receipt of SEM data at NERLDC till sending processed meter data to NERPC for computation and issuance of weekly Unscheduled Interchange (UI) Account as well as Reactive Energy Account. Further, in the concluding part of this section, a brief on post processing activities and data archival has also been covered.

4.1 Receipt of SEM Data at RLDC

Meter data (.mri and .dat files) downloaded at various locations of NER are electronically sent to NERLDC through e-mail. First activity pertaining to meter data begins after receipt of these data at NERLDC preferably by Tuesday of every week. The data are viewed and checked to ensure that data of every meter under the jurisdiction of a particular location have been collected as per stipulated time frame. Initially, received meter data in binary format (*.mri in case of Secure Meters and *.dat in case of L&T Meters) is temporarily stored in a directory for viewing / checking. Following naming format is used in case of binary files: ddmmXXX.mri ddmmXXX.dat where, ddmm is date and month of collecting data XXX is three letter code for the location For example, data collected at Jiribam on 05-05-2008 (Monday) is named as 0505JBM.mri. As data is to be collected on every MONDAY, ddmm naming corresponding to Monday is done even if data is collected on Tuesday for some reason. All locations are naming the files accordingly before sending. In case of aberration, proper naming is given at NERLDC on receipt.

4.2 Softwares for Data Viewing / Conversion to TEXT File

Softwares for viewing of meter data and converting Binary files to text (NPC) files are supplied by Meter manufacturers. For Secure Meter: For L&T Meter: 4.2.1 Secure Meters Although both View1 and SMARTGRID Softwares can be used for viewing data and conversion of binary data to NPC format, generally viewing is done through View1, being more user friendly. Subsequently, SMARTGRID is used for conversion to NPC file. (a) View1 Software: View1 program requires that the program is present in the same location as the .mri files. In NER, *.mri files from various locations are downloaded to a particular folder named secure defined by the pathname D:\secure. View1 (DOS Based) SMARTGRID VINCOM

38

Step-1: To open double click on view1. This opens the utility view1 in a DOS window along with a small interactive message box - REVISION.

Step-2: At this interactive window press Y to continue.

39

Step-3: View1 program is menu based which can be accessed using navigation and Enter keys of the keyboard. To view the contents of a particular file select options File Pick using the navigation keys and press Enter.

Step-4: Using the navigation keys select the desired file from the displayed list and press Enter. The main menu screen is displayed next.

40

Step-5: At the main menu select View Mid night data and press Enter.

Step-6: The details of the selected file are now displayed on the screen. This display consists of the following relevant parameters Filename :0704AGT DCD No.: KDP004 Rec. No.:01 - mri file selected - serial no of the DCD used for data collection

- record number for the first meter data and can include additional records in chronological order depending on the number of meter data present in the file Meter Serial No.:NP0302A - meter corresponding to Rec. No. Date & Time: 8th Apr 2008 16:08hrs Security: GOOD Low Vol Flag :No Time Advanced:No Time Retarded:No Time Correction Count:0 - date and time of data collection - check result of data -GOOD or BAD - whether low voltage condition encountered Yes or No - whether time advance command executed Yes or No - whether time retard command executed Yes or No - No. of occasions on which time correction command was executed

On viewing a mri file through view1 the corresponding amr file is automatically generated in the same location, viz., D:\secure. 41

Step-7: Press Esc to go to main menu and select Quit Quit. A confirmation message will appear at the bottom of the DOS screen. Enter Y to exit the view1 program.

In case any meter data is missing the same is conveyed to the concerned person at the field accordingly for necessary action. 42

(b) SMARTGRID Software A folder named ddmmyy is created in D: drive and all mri files of the said date is transferred to this folder before creating NPC file. Subsequently, on conversion, NPC files corresponding to respective .mri files also reside in the same folder.

Step-1: Click on the Smartgrid icon on the desktop This will open the User Login window as shown below.

Step-2: Log on using appropriate Name and Password And then click the OK button to open Smartgrid.

43

Step-3: Click on MRI Communication from MRI of main menu. This will open a small window inside Smartgrid window. Ensure selection of following options MRI Type Analogic MRI Protocol Type SMART Protocol Step-4: Now click on Upload MRI button to open a small navigation window. Step-5: Select all the files (*.mri) at a time from the desired location using Ctrl + A keys to upload the selected files to Smartgrid. Then click on Open button.

Step-6: Acknowledge the message after successful upload of all selected mri files by clicking on OK button.

44

Step-7: Now close the MRI Communication window by clicking on the Close button to go back to the main menu.

Step-8: Click on Data on the main menu and then click on Convert in the sub-menu for conversion of the mri files to respective NPC files.

45

Step-9: This will open a small window called the ASCII conversion settings. Ensure the following options are selected, Text file type Make NPC File No. of characters in serial number First seven Then click on OK button to open a navigation window in the same location. Step-10: As in Step 5 select all files at a time from the desired location using Ctrl + A keys to create the NPC files of the selected files. Then click on Open button.

Step-11: Acknowledge [Files made successfully] message on completion of the NPC file creation by clicking on the OK button.

46

Step-12: Now click on Close button to go back to the main menu.

Step-13: Finally close the Smartgrid window. All mri and NPC files are stored in respective D:\ddmmyy folder. 4.2.2 L&T Meters Binary files of L&T meters are in ddmmXXX.dat format and are also stored in the location D:\ddmmyy as in case of Secure Meters. Here, VINCOM is used for conversion to NPC format. VINCOM Software Step-1: Click on the Vincom icon on the desktop Vincom.lnk This will open the Login window as shown below.

47

Step-2: Login using appropriate Name and Password This will open the menu driven Vincom user interface as shown below. Step-3:Click on Import from Data in main menu to open a small window within Vincom.

Step-4: Use Browse button to select the desired dat file and click on Open button. Unlike Smartgrid here only one file can be selected at a time.

48

Step-5: Now click on Import button.

Step-6: On successful import a message will appear. Thereupon one can repeat Steps 4 to 5 to import additional dat files. One can also close the import data window by clicking on Close button. 49

Step-7: Click on Conversion To Text option of main menu to convert the imported file to text file. This will open a small window named Convert To Text within the main window.

Step-8: Select the desired file based on the date and time of import of the concerned file which appears in the drop down list of the Select Date/Time entry field. This is often very tricky as one has to keep track of the particular file according to the date and time of import. To work around this issue a file is imported and converted to text file before proceeding with import of next file. 50

Step-9: Then Click on the browse folder button to open the folder/file navigation window. Select the location where the converted text file, i.e., npc file will be saved. The file name usually ddmmXXX.npc has to be keyed in the field provided for file name. Then click on open. By default the file is saved in Vincom folder. Moreover the program does not allow over writing a preexisting npc file. To work around this issue, it is ensured that npc file of same ddmm file does not exist.

51

Step-10: Now click on the Convert button to start the conversion process.

Step-11: On successful conversion acknowledge the message by clicking OK button.

Step-12: Next click on the Close button to exit the Conversion to Text window and go to the main menu. 52

Step-13: To close Vincom click on the close button of the main menu, this will ask for a confirmation to quit the application.

Step-14: Click on Yes to exit.

53

4.2.3 Structure of NPC File Now that *.NPC files for both Secure and L&T meters have been prepared, let us discuss the structure and contents of the .NPC file for better understanding of the basics before subsequent data processing. Each .mri/.dat file has its corresponding .NPC file. The general structure and organization of a typical .NPC file is reproduced below.

The line WEEK FROM 0000 HRS OF 07-04-08 TO 1238 HRS OF 16-04-08 implies that file contains data from 0000 Hrs of 7th Apr08 to 1230 Hrs of 16th Apr08, i.e., the last 15 min block data of 16th Apr08 at the time of data collection which is 1238 Hrs of 16th Apr08. The next line NP-0302-A following information 67124.5 44891.9 97902.9 07-04-08 contains

1. Meter Serial No (NP-0302-A) wherein NP stands for National Power Transmission Corporation the former name of Powergrid Corporation of India Limited followed by a 4-digit meter serial number and finally an alpha code (A or B) to indicate secondary CT current (A for 1 ampere and B for 5 ampere). 2. MidNight Net Wh (67124.5) - This is a cumulative register reading which indicates the initial Net active energy in Wh at the beginning of the day. This cumulative register records Net active energy in Wh on daily basis. 3. Reactive High Energy (44891.9) 4. Reactive Low Energy (97902.9) There are two cumulative registers which record the reactive energy (VARh) exchange on daily basis under high and low voltage conditions, i.e., when RMS voltage is >=103%Vn and when RMS volage is <97%Vn but >70%Vn Cumulative net Wh, net VARh for voltage high and voltage low condition at each midnight is recorded in 5 main digits and 1 decimal digit. These figures are always positive and cycles from 0 to 99999.9 in forward or backward direction depending on energy export or import. 54

5. Date (07-04-08) This indicates that the 6 Rows X 16 Columns arrangement of data pertains to this date. Next is the blockwise data arranged as 16 block data in each row and total 6 rows for complete 24 hours (96 time blocks of 15 min each) data with the following format:
StartingHour AvgFreq StatusIndication NetEnergy AvgFreq StatusIndication NetEnergy....

StartingHour indicates the time in hour at the beginning of each of the 6 rows. AvgFreq (average frequency) is recorded for every 15 min block as a 2-digit code ( 0 to 99) and is computed based on the no. of voltage cycles in one 15 min block divided by (15*60=900). Computation of average frequency is done only for the period during which the VT supply was available in the 15 min block under consideration. The frequency data is available for each successive 15 min block in encoded form as (Average frequency 49)*50 and neglecting decimals. When frequency is <=49 it is recorded as 0 and when the frequency is >=51 it is recorded as 99. The actual frequency corresponding to two consecutive codes differ by 0.02Hz. StatusIndication may be either * to indicate supply down or supply failure which might be momentary or might have lasted for several blocks Or rr to indicate time retardation undergone Or aa to indicate time advance undergone. Finally sum of net energies (96 blocks) is given at the end of last row of the day having complete 24 hours data. Advance/Retard RTC command : Using these commands, 6 consecutive 15 min time blocks are contracted/elongated by 10 seconds each (with the first 15 min block being the closest 15 min block from the time of keying in the RTC command). Moreover once advance/retard RTC command is given, a lock-out of seven days sets in which implies that the next RTC command can be given only after seven days of the earlier RTC command. This implies that only 1 min time correction can be executed over a week. There is aa or rr indication stamped against the corresponding 15 min time blocks for which advance or retard RTC was executed. A * indication implies power failure in the corresponding 15 min block or RMS voltage in any or all phases was <70%Vn for at least 3 secs. NetEnergy (active energy) is recorded by the meters in Wh for every 15 min based on the average active energy exchange for the time block considered. Net Wh data is available for each successive 15 min time block up to second decimal with plus/minus sign corresponding to energy export/import.

4.3 Appending Text Files

Now that there are multiple npc files, it is desirable, for better file management, that these files are combined into one single large file. For this an utility program APPEND is used which compiles all individual .NPC files into a regional .NPC file named ddmmSREA.NPC. The APPEND utility considers only those files which has the same ddmm prefix to the filenames as prompted while running APPEND. The appended file contains the complete meter data of the region for the relevant period in text form and is used in all subsequent processing. The APPEND program is required to be copied to the concerned ddmmyy folder as the program appends all the relevant files present in the folder in which the APPEND program is also resident. 55

Step-1: Double click on APPEND to open a DOS screen as shown below.

Step-2: Enter 2-digit figure for day, i.e., dd. Press Enter. Step-3: Enter 2-digit number for month, i.e., mm. Press Enter to start the append operation. The above illustration assumes appending files for 7th Apr 2008. 56

After completion, a message FILES are appended successfully appears.

Step-4: To exit the program, press Esc. The regional npc file (ddmmSREA.NPC) is now created in the ddmmyy folder.

57

4.4 Processing of SEM Data / Computation of Net Injection & Drawal

This section describes the procedures and steps involved in computation of drawals by the states, injection by ISGSs, TieLine exchange between NER and ER, etc to mention a few. Some additional files, called check files, are also created to facilitate troubleshooting, internal analysis and database creation. The resultant energy figures are further validated through an elaborate process of Data checking and validation to ensure that the UI and Reactive energy Accounts issued by RPC are accurate and acceptable to the stakeholders. 4.4.1 Computation of Drawal / Injection from meter data At present, a DOS based software developed by SRLDC named rea2006 is used for SEM data processing and computation. The executable file is kept in the location D:\SEMAZE1. The appended NPC file has to be copied in the same location for data processing. The appended text file ddmmSREA.NPC is used for meter data processing to calculate the actual figures pertaining to State Drawal and ISGS Generation and ERNER Tieline flow. Step-1: From the location D:\ddmmyy Copy the regional .NPC file, ddmmSREA.NPC to D:\SEMAZE1.

Step-2: Paste the file in D:\SEMAZE1 folder.

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The executable file rea2006 is also present in the same location, D:\SEMAZE1.

Step-3: Open rea2006 from D:\SEMAZE1 folder and follow the steps as given below: a) Click DATA CORRECTNESS under INIT option of main menu for checking the data formats. This option creates a new file named 59

ddmmSREA.CHK which can be used for checking the data structure if required. Key in the filename (ddmmSREA.NPC) when prompted and press Enter. b) Next click CREATE DATA BASE under INIT option of main menu for creating date wise Folders. As in Step(a), key in ddmmSREA.NPC at the cursor prompt and press Enter. c) Next click DATA NOT RECEIVED for viewing ddmmSREA.NRX file which lists the meters whose readings are not available in the particular ddmmSREA.NPC file processed. This helps to decide whether any back-up meters are to be used as main meter data is not available. Here too, as in the previous steps, ddmmSREA.NPC is required to be entered at the cursor prompt. Press Enter to continue. d) Next click on COMPUTE option of main menu and open COMPUTE ENERGY for preparing *.NPD and *.MWH files for all meters which gets stored in respective date wise folders in D:\SEMBASE. Here a listbox displaying all meters as per location ID and Meter No appears on the left halve of the screen. Press Ctrl + A to select all items of the listbox at a time and press Enter. This will open another listbox of dates on the right halve of the screen besides the first listbox. Select the dates for which data processing is to be performed. MASTER Frequency Meter: One Special Energy Meter is chosen as Master frequency meter and frequency code recorded by that meter is used for all calculations. At present one SEM at Korba in WR (NP-2645-A) is used as master frequency meter in NR-ER-NER-WR (NEW) Grid and data of this meter is sent to all RLDCs by WRLDC. Details of master frequency meter are stored in FRQMASTER.DAT file. If in any particular week/day, Korba meter (NP-2645-A) reading is erroneous or missing or incorrect then use Durgapur meter (NP-0550-A Or NP-0518-A) reading and in such case edit FRQMASTER.DAT file in D:\SEMAZE1 folder to take appropriate meter as the master frequency meter for capturing frequency data. e) Afterwards click COMPUTE FICTMTRS for calculating Constituents drawal /injection as per fictitious meter configurations and create *.MWH for all the fictitious meters which gets stored in respective date wise folder in D:\SEMBASE. As in the previous step, under this option also, a listbox displaying all predefined fictitious meters appears. Select all items on the listbox at a time using Ctrl+A and press Enter. This will open another listbox to the right of the earlier listbox. Select the desired dates as in previous step. Press Enter to continue. f) Finally go to ACCOUNT option of main menu and click MWH OUTPUT for calculating MWH drawal/injection for all configured *MWH.CFG files. These output files are stored in D:\SEMBASE\MWH as ddmmyy.XXX where XXX signifies the 3 character name of the beneficiary. 60

At this option, like earlier steps, select all items on the left listbox and the dates from the right listbox and press Enter to continue. Note: Dates selected in Steps (d), (e) and (f) must be identical and same. If any meter is replaced by its corresponding other end meter (or by some other combination of meters) as per MASTER.DAT, the same must be reflected in both *_MWH.CFG as well as FICTMTRS.CFG files of D:\SEMAZE1 folder. g) Next go to MVARH OUTPUT for calculating MVARH for all the configured *MVAR.CFG files which gets stored in D:\SEMBASE\Mvarh. From the listbox on the left select the items STATES and INTER and press Enter. This will open a second listbox to the right of the earlier listbox. Select the desired dates consistent with the dates selected in earlier steps and press Enter to continue. At any menu or options window, press Esc to come out from the active screen to the previous screen. h) To exit the rea2006 program, press Esc at the main menu window and enter Y when asked for confirmation. After successful completion of rea2006, a number of output files are created and stored in their respective locations as already mentioned above. Being text files, these output files are readily recognized by Windows operative system. The MWh output files are created one for each day with 96 rows of data against multiple columns (each column has a self explanatory heading). The MVARh output files created through Step 3(g) are however different in the sense that these files have seven rows of data each row depicting the cumulative VAR data for one day. All MWh & MVARh output files are stored in the folder D:\SEMBASE\MWH & D:\SEMBASE\MVARH respectively, as already mentioned earlier. Output MWh files pertaining to States Drawal, ISGSs Injection and ER-NER Tieline flow are created. These files are as follows: 1. ddmmyy.ARP 2. ddmmyy.ASM 3. ddmmyy.MAN 4. ddmmyy.MEG 5. ddmmyy.MIZ 6. ddmmyy.NAG 7. ddmmyy.TRI 8. ddmmyy.IDY 9. ddmmyy.IKD 10. ddmmyy.IKP 11. ddmmyy.IKT 12. ddmmyy.ILK 13. ddmmyy.IRC 14. ddmmyy.IRN 15. ddmmyy.ERI Feeder wise drawal of Arunachal Pradesh Feeder wise drawal of Assam Feeder wise drawal of Manipur Feeder wise drawal of Meghalaya Feeder wise drawal of Mizoram Feeder wise drawal of Nagaland Feeder wise drawal of Tripura Feeder wise injection of Doyang HEP Feeder wise injection of Khandong & Kopili-2 HEP Feeder wise injection of Kopili HEP Feeder wise injection of AGBPP, Kathalguri Feeder wise injection of Loktak HEP Feeder wise injection of AGTPP, R C Nagar Feeder wise injection of Ranganadi HEP Feeder wise energy exchange through ER-NER Tielines 61

In addition, one more MWh output file, ddmmyy.UI_, is also created which can be considered as NER Summary file and consists of columns for data pertaining to Drawal by each State, Total StateDrawal, Generation by every ISGS, Total NER Generation, Net ER-NER Tie line flow and Transmission loss. For example, if one executes rea2006 for 04-05-2008, then the output file 040508.IRC created for an ISGS Station AGTPP, R. C. Nagar showing its injection will have the following structure:

The file shows net injection through three outgoing EHV feeders and total injection in MWh during each 15 min. time block as well as total figure for the day against the relevant columns. Similarly, the output file 040508.TRI created for Tripura showing its drawal will have the following structure:

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Here it can be seen that the file shows net drawal through four EHV feeders and total drawal in MWh during each 15 min. time block as well as total figure for the day against the relevant columns. Likewise, other output files are also created. 4.4.2 Data checking and validation Before proceeding further it is very important to carry out data checking and validation. Through this process it can be established whether the SEMs are recording data correctly. This is done by manual check of few additional files called check files created through rea2006. These check files are all MWh output files and are stored in the folder D:\SEMBASE\MWH in the ddmmyy.XXX format. In case of any discrepancies observed, corrective action has to be taken, like say, intimation to concerned agency for replacement of meters, use of alternate meters for computation of energy in case main meter is showing incorrect data, etc. The check files are: 1. Net bus check of substations- ddmmyy.NSS This file contains the summary of the net bus of all important substations. In case net bus figure of one or more sub-station shows a wide variation than normal then net bus file pertaining to the individual station can be examined. The file extensions are appropriately coded to give an indication of the substation like NBG(Bongaigaon), NBP(Balipara), NMS(Misa) and so on. A typical file 040508.NSS for net bus check of substations for 04-05-2008 is reproduced below. This file has data arranged in 96 rows for every 15 min block of the day and columns indicate the net bus figure of the substation, say, Aizawl, Badarpur, etc.

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For better understanding and troubleshooting, a further detail of a particular substation is available in another file, say, 040508.NAZ pertaining to net bus of Aizawl substation. The file is reproduced below.

Similarly, details of other substations can be examined through their respective net bus check files. 2. Net bus check of generators- ddmmyy.NGN This file is a summary of the net bus of all ISGSs. In case any discrepancy is observed against one or more ISGS, the same is further investigated through the net bus file of the concerned ISGS say NLK(Loktak), NKT(Kathalguri) and so on. The file 040508.NGN for net bus check of ISGSs for 04-05-2008 is reproduced here.

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Further details of any particular ISGS, say, Kopili for 04-05-2008 is also available in the file 040508.NKP for examining the net bus details of Kopili. The file is reproduced herein.

The additional columns on the right which are not visible in the above screenshot have been reproduced below in continuation to the above for proper understanding.

3. End1-End2 (pair) check- ddmmyy.LL1, .LL2, .LL4, .LL5,, .LL9 These file are created to facilitate pair check of back to back meters connected across the transmission lines. The first two files LL1 and LL2 are summary files depicting the difference in readings of End1 SEM and End2 SEM 65

(computed loss) of important lines. The corresponding End1 and End2 meter readings along with the difference are present in other LL files from LL4 to LL9. The file 040508.LL2 is reproduced here showing 96 block data for 04-05-2008 pertaining to difference between End1 and End2 meter readings for the transmission lines as mentioned against respective column headings.

Now to examine the End1-End2 meter readings along with the difference for the line, say, 132KV Doyang-Dimapur I & II on 04-05-2008, we have to open the file 040508.LL7. The file is as reproduced below showing the 96 block data pertaining to 132KV Doyang-Dimapur-I and 132KV Doyang-Dimapur-II.

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Identification of any metering error can be done through the three broad categories of check files as explained. (a) Net Bus of Sub-Stations (b) Net bus of Generating Stations and (c) Pair check (End1 End2 of lines)

4.5 Finally Implemented Schedule

Though the schedules are prepared on day-ahead basis, i.e, one day before the day of operation, it is always expected that on the day of operation the schedule will undergo multiple revisions on account of various operational considerations. Finally, at the end of the days operation, the last revised schedule is in fact the final operational schedule for that day. This schedule is further reconciled (if required) with all the beneficiaries of the region and adjoining region, viz., ER to arrive at a dispute free schedule as regards ISGS injection, States Drawal and Inter-regional Tieline - technically referred to as Implemented Schedule. As described in the preceding section, all actual figures pertaining to Drawal, and Injection have been calculated from the meter data. Now in order to compute the unscheduled Interchange (UI) it is required that implemented schedules for the corresponding days are also available. The Schedule files are created, revised and stored in the Scheduling console kept in the Control Room of NERLDC. Meter data processing and UI computation are carried out on a different computer in Commercial department. The last revised finally implemented schedules of the relevant period are copied from Control Room PC to Commercial Department PC and further processed to achieve the following: (a) Renaming to a common format (ddmm-Final) (b) Extracting the data/information which are required for accounting purpose like - DC / MAC / Net Injection Schedule of ISGSs - Net Drawal Schedule of States - Net Schedule of Inter Regional Links

A number of customized routines (MACRO) have been developed to carry out the entire chain of activities from import of Finally Implemented Schedules to computation of UI. The MACROs are written in Visual Basic and executed on MS-Excel platform. These routines have been developed to minimize human errors normally encountered in repetitive type of activities. These macros are present in an excel file, E:/All_Macro wef ddmmyyyy.xls and are modified from time to time based on need.

For the purpose of submission of implemented schedules to RPC the following sequence of activities are carried out: Step-1: Copy the last revised schedule from Scheduling PC of Control Room (\\ia0co1\SCHEDULING and COMMERCIAL\SCHEDULE\sch yyyy\MMMyyyy) to nelcomml-1 PC (E:\C-Manipur\SCHEDULE\As implemented\Mmmyyyy\temp). 67

Now go to E:/C-Manipur/SCHEDULE/As implemented/Mmmyyyy/temp)

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Step-2:Rename the last revised schedule using RENAME LAST REVISED SCHEDULES (E:/ All_Macro wef ddmmyyyy.xls). This retains only ddmmdlysch portion for all the desired files selected through the macro.

Step-3: Using All_Macro wef 31032008 prepare Finally Implemented Schedules ddmm-Final. Use MACRO FOR PREPARATION OF FINAL SCHEDULE button & click on START button. Proceed as per instructions.

4.6 Sending Data to RPC

Data pertaining to SEM and schedules of the relevant week are required by NERPC in order to issue weekly bills for UI energy and Reactive energy. The data are compiled in a CD and has the following folders/contents: 1. Daily Schedule This folder contains daily final implemented schedule files ddmm-Final.xls 2. Constituents Drawal This folder contains daily (15 minute time block wise) computed drawal files of all the states of NER ddmm.XXX where XXX is a 3-character code of the state, like ASM for Assam, ARP for Arunachal Pradesh and so on. 3. ISGS_Injection This folder contains daily (15 minute time block wise) computed injection files of all the ISGSs of NER ddmm.YYY where YYY is a 3-character code of the generating station, like IDY for Doyang, IKT for Kathalguri and so on. 4. ER-NER Exchange This folder contains daily (15 minute time block wise) computed power flow files concerning ER-NER inter regional links ddmm.ERI. 5. SEM_Data This folder contains processed sem data (NPxxxxA.MWH / NPxxxxB.MWH files) arranged in date wise folders, regional NPC file (created by appending individual NPC files) which is a compilation of all meter data available at NERLDC for the period concerned, discrepancies file mentioning relevant deviations (if any) to be considered during computation and the MASTER.DAT file which is a detailed list of all SEMs (location IDs, meter no., CT / PT ratio and feeder where the meters are installed) in NER. The CD is self sufficient to independently carry out the necessary activities and prepare the relevant weekly accounts, viz., UI and Reactive energy accounts. 69

Step-1: Processed SEM data is required by NERPC for issuance of weekly UI energy bill and Reactive Energy Bill. Compile all relevant data for NERPC using MACRO FOR COMPILATION OF NEREB DATA of AllMacro sheet and proceed as per instruction. This creates a folder in D:\SEM_Scheduling_Data named Mmm_yy_Week_ddmm-ddmm.

Step-2: Edit discrepancies file in D:\SEM_Scheduling_Data\Mmm_yy_Week_ddmmddmm1\SEM_Data folder to intimate NERPC regarding any deviation adopted for UI computation for the particular week. Mention LT feeder assumptions to be considered.

Step-3: Burn the data onto a CD and send the same to NERPC. 70

4.7 UI Computation
The next activity involves computation of Unscheduled Interchange (UI) charges from actual metered data and implemented schedules for the period concerned. These data are already available to us through the procedures described in the earlier sections. UI energy is the deviation of actual energy, either drawl or injection, from the scheduled energy. Mathematically, this can be computed as UI Energy = Actual Energy Scheduled Energy. This UI energy is multiplied by the frequency dependant UI rate to calculate the UI charge. The UI rates are revised from time to time through CERC orders. The frequency dependant UI rate chart presently in force is reproduced below:

However, finally implemented schedules are in MS-Excel format and actual metered data are available as output files in text format through rea2006 utility program. Computation of UI requires that both the source files are in MS-Excel format. This is achieved through number of MACROs as explained in this section. Step-1: Copy finally implemented schedules from Mmmyyyy folder to D:\UI_GRAPH using the macro Copy Final Schedules to D:/UI_GRAPHS. Finally implemented schedules are used as reference data for UI calculation.

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Step-2: Next use MACRO FOR UI FILES option and proceed as per instruction to convert the text files ddmmyy.UI_ into excel files (ddmmUI.xls). The files thus created is available in D:/UI_GRAPH for the period selected ( 7 days) and data from these files are considered as actual data for UI calculation. Additional files for Var Data are also created and linked accordingly.

Step-3: First ensure Graph_ABT_01.11.03 file is correct as regards LT feeder data for Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland & Assam (Powergrid consumption).

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For this go to arpdat, asmdat & nagdat sheet of the base file Graph_ABT_01.11.03 available in the location D:\UI_GRAPH and check whether data approximations for LT feeders are consistent with corresponding meter data received for the relevant period and correctly accounted for UI calculation of Arunachal Pradesh, Assam and Nagaland. Incorporate changes (if any) in the LT meter approximations and save the file so that appropriate LT feeder data will be available in the base file. This data will then be used along with the actual and scheduled figures for UI computation.

Data used for approximation are taken from the LT feeder readings submitted by ASEB from time to time concerning Gorgaon, Lekhapani, Chanki and Rupai. The Graph_ABT_01.11.03.xls file is a linked MS Excel file which is updated with appropriate data - metered data (ddmmUI.xls) and scheduled data (ddmm-Final.xls) pertaining to a particular day. Thereupon corresponding UI energy and UI money is computed. This file is finally stored as ddmm.xls implying that all data in this file pertains to this particular day. For example the file 0405.xls contains data and UI calculations pertaining to 04-05-2008. All these activities of updating data, calculation of UI energy and money and saving the same as per ddmm.xls format is done by running MACRO FOR GRAPH FILES. These files are created in D:\UI_GRAPH. Step-4: Archiving of all files named ddmm.xls for the week concerned is done in D:\UI_GRAPH\Mmmyy\Mmmyy_graph folder.

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Similarly files named ddmmUI.xls and 2 nos. Var Files for the concerned week are archived in D:\UI_GRAPH\Mmmyy\Mmmyy_ui folder.

Step-5: For compilation of weekly UI data use MACRO FOR COPYING GRAPH FILES FOR UI_CALCULATION AND POWER_POSITION in the Utilities sheet to copy relevant ddmm.xls files to D:\ui_calculation folder. Copy the previous weekly UI file (weekly_ui_ddmmDDMM_yy.xls) and name it appropriately to indicate the period of UI data present in the file. Update the file with data from concerned ddmm.xls files. 74

Step-6: Copy the weekly UI file created through Step-5. The file consists of a sheet NER-SCH-ACT-SO. Edit the weekly UI file to retain only this sheet and rename the file as SCH_ACT_ddmmDDMM_yy.xls.

The following screen shot shows the weekly UI account file and the SCH_ACT file for the period 01-01-2008 to 07-01-2008.

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4.8 Post Processing & Data Archival

4.8.1 Post Processing Activities 1. Data to Corporate System Operation Department Abstract of weekly data pertaining to schedules and SEM reading are also required by various departments. In this context the file NER-SCH-ACT-SO is sent to SO department file by email. (e-mail ID: systemoperationd@rediffmail.com). 2. Estimated Loss for Scheduling Moreover, weekly transmission loss figure in percentage available in the worksheet week-loss of weekly_ui_ddmmDDMM_yy file is noted and corresponding entry of the same is made in the designated register book (LOSS) kept in Control Room. This is used as estimated transmission loss for scheduling in the following week.

3. Postings on Website (www.nerldc.org) Each RLDC maintains a website for public access of pertinent data. In this connection the following data are regularly uploaded on the website of NERLDC: 1. Weekly Schedule vs Actual Figures Weekly data regarding schedule vs actual for all the constituents are compiled and uploaded on the website. 76

2. Monthly Power Position Monthly data regarding Availability, Schedule and Actual concerning the ISGSs in the region are compiled after the end of every month and posted on the web for public viewing. 3. Monthly Frequency Profile Daily 15 min. time block frequency data for the complete month is compiled uploaded for public access. 4. Data to OS Department of NERLDC for Reports Operation Services (OS) department prepares various reports - weekly / monthly / quarterly and yearly, after compilation and analysis of data collected from various sources. In this context, commercial section provides requisite data related to drawal/injection - both scheduled and actual as well as scheduled bilateral transactions on monthly basis. 4.8.2 Data Archival All data pertaining to SEM reading are sent from various locations and are very vital from commercial viewpoint. So these data are systematically archived for future reference in case the need arises. All the *.MRI, *.AMR, *.NPC & *.DAT file are stored in respective D:\ddmmyy folder as indicated in Section 4.2. Also, all the raw data are stored in their particular location folders available in D:\NERLDC\Mmmyyyy.

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The screenshot shows the archived files pertaining to NEEPCO for May2008.

The following table shows the archival details of vital files pertaining to meter data: Archived files Raw meter data Text(.NPC) files
Net Injection/Drawal files

Main nelcomml-1 PC nelcomml-1 PC nelcomml-1 PC nelcomml-1 PC nelcomml-1 PC nelcomml-1 PC nelcomml-1 PC nelcomml-1 PC

Back-up 1st Stage nelcomml-4 PC nelcomml-4 PC nelcomml-4 PC nelcomml-4 PC nelcomml-4 PC nelcomml-4 PC nelcomml-4 PC nelcomml-4 PC

Back-up 2nd Stage CD CD CD CD CD CD CD CD

Implemented schedules Weekly account Monthly summary RPC data Daily UI_graph

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ANNEXURES

Annexure-1 Write-up on RS-232 and RS-485 Standards

RS-232 STANDARD RS-232 - serial binary data communication between a DTE (Data terminal equipment) and a DCE (Data Circuit-terminating Equipment). Used extensively in computer serial ports. ITU-T standard is V.24.

Voltage levels The standard specifies a maximum open-circuit voltage of 25 V, however signal levels of 5 V,10 V,12 V, and 15 V are all commonly seen. Logic one is defined as a negative voltage. Logic zero is positive voltage.

Slew Rate The slew rate, or how fast the signal changes between levels, is a vital specification which tends to limit the communication rate.

V O L T A G E

Time

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3-wire and 5-wire RS-232 A minimal 3-wire RS-232 connection consist only of transmit data, receive data and ground when the full facilities of RS-232 are not required. When only flow control is required, the RTS and CTS lines are added in a 5-wire version. LIMITATION OF RS-232 Single-ended signaling referred to a common signal ground limits the noise immunity and transmission distance. Multi-drop (connection between more than two devices) operation of an RS-232 compatible interface is not defined; while multi-drop "work-arounds" have been devised, they have limitations in speed and compatibility.

RS-485 STANDARD
The RS-485 standard is a balanced data-transmission scheme. ANSI TIA/EIA-485. Communication over long distances and noisy environments. OSI model physical layer electrical specification: *2-wire+Ground, *Half-duplex, *Multipoint Serial Connection.

Half-Duplex The standard specifies a differential form of signaling.

Full-Duplex

Waveform example RS-485 itself does not specify formatting of bytes, format of RS-232 is normally used.

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Noise in straight and twisted pair cables

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Differential Max number of drivers Max number of receivers Modes of operation Network topology Max distance (acc. standard) Max speed at 12 m Max speed at 1200 m Max slew rate Receiver input resistance Driver load impedance Receiver input sensitivity Receiver input range Max driver output voltage Min driver output voltage (with load)

RS-232 no 1 1 half or full duplex point-to-point 15 m 20 kbs (1 kbs) 30 V/s 3.7 k 3.7 k 3 V 15 V 25 V 5 V

RS-485 yes 32 32 half duplex multipoint 1200 m 35 Mbs 100 kbs n/a 12 k 54 200 mV 7.12 V 7.12 V 1.5 V

L&T Meter connected in Misa Control Room Panel showing

Meter Serial Number : NP-5301-A 3 phase 4 wire PT connection 3 phase CT connection RS-485 wiring

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Lead wires with Temporary Power supply

63.5 V supply leads from temporary Power supply arrangement

RS-485 TO RS-232 Converter

RS-232 PORT of PC

RS-485 TB

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Screen shot of a Scheduler presently used in Misa S/s

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Annexure-2 VINCOM Software for L&T Meters Deficiencies

Deficiencies / Limitations of VINCOM Software 1. While Dumping Data from DCD to PC (Refer page 29; Step 7 of manual) While dumping data from DCD to PC, software does not prompt for user-defined file name, rather it saves the file in its own format which is very long, inconvenient and not user friendly. Metering location(s) has to rename the files as per RLDC prescribed format (Refer page 38; Section-4 of manual). If it is not done at metering location(s), same has to be done at RLDC. All these can be avoided if software prompts for user-defined filename at the time of dumping data from DCD to PC. 2. While Converting to Text File at RLDC (a) Upload/Import Binary Files Meter data received at RLDC(s) in binary format is to be uploaded/imported to data processing software(s) (SMARTGRID for Secure and VINCOM for L&T). In case of SMARTGRID, all selected files can be uploaded/imported at a time with single keystroke (Refer page 44; Step 5 of manual), whereas in case of VINCOM, only one file can be uploaded at a time (Refer page 48; Step 4 of manual). This unnecessarily multiplies the action for uploading/importing files. (b) Conversion to Text (NPC) File Next step after upload/import of binary file is conversion to NPC file. In case of SMARTGRID, multiple files can be selected at a time based on filename and converted to NPC files (Refer page 46; Step 10 of manual). In case of VINCOM, only one file can be converted at a time, that too based on date and time of import of the binary file and not based on name of file. This creates twin problem, firstly limitation of single file selection and secondly selection based on date and time not filename (Refer page 50; Step 8 of manual). From the above, it can be said that, the system used in SMARTGRID for uploading binary file as well as conversion to text file is more convenient and user friendly in comparison to VINCOM. Therefore, VINCOM software would need some modifications in this regard.

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