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Force: a push or pull, it is a vector quantity that requires both magnitude and direction.
Some subscripts used;
= force of gravity
Free body diagram (FBD): drawing in which only the object being analyzed is drawn, with
arrows showing all the forces acting on the object.
– One object
– Draw object as point (centre of mass)
– Convenient co-ordinate system
– Forces drawn as arrows (vectors) proportionality
– Cannot show kinematics
Newton’s first law: a body will continue in its initial state or rest or motion, with uniform
velocity, unless acted upon by an external unbalanced force
Newton’s second law: if a body undergoing uniform motion is acted upon by an external
unbalanced force, it will experience an acceleration proportional to the force and inversely
proportional to its mass. Bigger push more acceleration, larger object less
acceleration
F = ma
Newton’s third law: for every action force on a body, there exists an equal and opposite
reaction force on another body (action/reaction).
Force uses Newton’s (N): 1N = (1kg/m) / (s2)
Friction: a contract reaction force, it depends on the two surfaces in contact and is measured
using a coefficient of friction, µ, so that...
There are two types of friction: static friction and kinetic friction (e.g. moving). Static friction
can increase to maximum value and then once the subject starts moving, kinetic friction takes
over.
µ static > µ kinetic