PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Predisposing factor >female >59 y/o >genetics Etiology >carcinogens >BRCA1, BRCA2 Precipitating factor >stress >lifestyle

Build up of carcinogens and other toxins within the body disruption of the regulatory factors of DNA uncontrolled cell proliferation/ neoplasia anaplasia/ inability of the cell to undergo differentiation hyperplasia/ increase number of cell and mass tumor growth at the epithelial lining of the breast increase size of neoplastic growth to at least 2cm in diameter

disruption in the S phase of cell growth cycle uptake of thymidide during DNA synthesis increase size of neoplastic growth uptake of ATP by cancer cells

compression and pressure on the nerve ending pain

deprivation of normal cells from energy

decrease number of normal cells

A
stimulation of T-lymphocytes activation of cytotoxic T-cells macrophage internalizes and processes antigen leaves antigen fragments on the surface of the cancer cells attraction of antigen with class I protein stimulation of helper T-cells class II protein and antigen binds with cytotoxic T-cells aided by helper T-cells kills the infected/ cancer cells neoplastic cell death dead cancer cells collect at the axillary nodules increase fluid and debris in the nodule axillary nodule increase in size anemia palpable axillary nodule cerebral death migration to bone disruption of RBC production

B
cancer cells undergo cellular division daughter cells flow to the lymphatic system activation of T-lymphocytes migration of cytotoxic cells to kill cancer cells daughter cells migrate to axillary nodules neoplastic growth neoplastic new growth pressure on pain receptors pain multiple noeplastic new growth increase pressure within the affected part elevation of affected part radical left mastectomy decreased risk of multi systemic metastasis increased pain sensation daughter cells attach to ductal epithelium of other parts of the breast migration of cancer cells

nipple retraction

migration to brain disruption of normal cerebral function

migration to lungs disruption of respiratory function alveolar collapse

death