CHV 2O Confederation

Resources: Confederation Video COSA 7 - page 31

By the ear y 1!"#$s the co onies of British %orth A&erica faced so&e crucia decisions' (he pro) e&s created )y the e*ua y di+ided seats in the ,egis ature of the co ony of the united Canadas -.# for Canada /est0 .# for Canada 1ast2 ed to repeated dead oc3s and e4pensi+e e ections0 5ith +ery itt e )eing acco&p ished and the *ua ity of go+ern&ent suffering as a resu t' %e5 techno ogy -the rai road2 offered a chance for de+e op&ent0 )ut the costs of )ui ding a rai road for any one co ony 5ere si&p y too great' (rade )et5een the co onies 5as discouraged )y the duties paid 5hen crossing inter-co onia )orders' 6ina y0 there 5as an apparent &enace to the south' (he 7nited States 5as fighting a ci+i 5ar )et5een the %orth and South' A though Britain 5as officia y neutra 0 they supp ied the South 5ith &any of their ar&s and &unitions0 5hich angered the %orth' 8any of the co onists0 especia y those 5ho direct y )ordered the 7S0 5orried a)out the poor defenses in p ace shou d the A&ericans ta3e their anger to5ards Britain out on British %orth A&erica' A suggested so ution to &any of these pro) e&s 5ou d )e to 9oin together - to unite as one country - Confederation: ;n 1!"< the representati+es of the fi+e eastern British co onies -Canada -1ast and /est20 %o+a Scotia0 %e5 Bruns5ic30 =rince 1d5ard ;s and0 and %e5found and2 of &et at Char otteto5n to ho d discussions on Confederation' A su)se*uent &eeting 5as he d ater that year at >ue)ec' =1; and %e5found and 5ithdre5 fro& the discussions0 )ut the others 5ent for5ard0 and on 8arch 2? th0 1!"7 the British go+ern&ent passed the British %orth A&erica Act' On @u y 1st0 1!"7 the ne5 Ao&inion of Canada ca&e into )eing' Time line of Confederation: 1!"# - 1!". -Repeated tie +otes in the Canadian =ar ia&ent eads to po itica dead oc3 and &any e4pensi+e e ections 1!"1 - 1!". - 7'S' Ci+i /ar - &any A&ericans are angered )y British support for Southern re)e s' British co onies in %orth A&erica are concerned )ecause of the threat posed )y the A&ericans' 1!"< - Char otteto5n conference discusses confederation for defence0 rai road construction0 and trade a&ongst the co onies of British %orth A&erica 1!"" - 6enians -;rish nationa ists fro& the 7'S'2 attac3 Canada /est' ActC 1!"7 - @u y 1st - Confederation of Ontario0 >ue)ec0 %e5 Bruns5ic3 and %o+a Scotia 1!"? - Otta5a arranges dea to )uy %orth5est (erritories fro& Hudson Bay Co' 5ithout consu ting the nati+e peop e or 8etis' ,ouis Rie sets up a =ro+isiona Do+ern&ent' 1!7# - Red Ri+er Resistance ed )y ,ouis Rie unti guarantees of 8etis rights and co&pensation are gi+en )y Otta5a' (he ne5 pro+ince of 8anito)a 9oins Confederation 1!71 - British Co u&)ia 9oins Confederation0 ured )y the pro&ise of a trans-continenta rai road 1!73 - =rince 1d5ard ;s and 9oins Confederation after Otta5a pro&ises to )ui d an is and rai road0 and Otta5a ta3es o+er its de)t 1!?! - (he Eu3on (erritory is created fro& part of the %orth5est (erritories fo o5ing a rapid inf u4 of peop e during the F ondi3e go d rush 1?#. - (he ne5 pro+inces of Sas3atche5an and A )erta are for&ed fro& part of the %orth5est (erritories >ue)ec Conference co&p etes negotiations a)out Confederation' ,ondon Conference gi+es appro+a to the BBritish %orth A&erica

1?<? - %e5found and and ,a)rador 9oin confederation after Otta5a pro&ises to he p 5ith their econo&y and de)t 1??? - (he ne5 territory of %una+ut is for&ed fro& the eastern part of the %orth5est (erritories 12 7sing the &ap in the at as co&p ete the ta) e )y indicating 5hat year each of the fo o5ing pro+inces or territories 9oined confederation: =ro+ince G (erritory Ontario >ue)ec %e5 Bruns5ic3 %o+a Scotia %orth5est (erritories 8anito)a British Co u&)ia 22 /hat is a federal stateH -/hat is a confederacyH2 /hat sorts of issues does the federa go+ern&ent oo3 afterH /hat sorts of issues do the pro+incia go+ern&ents oo3 afterH 32 /hy 5as Sir @ohn A' 8acdona dIs idea of a Bunitary go+ern&entC -a sing e e+e of go+ern&ent oo3ing after e+erything2 not practica H /hat characteristics of CanadaIs geography and cu ture 5ou d &a3e it difficu tH <2 Ho5 did the 7S ci+i 5ar inf uence our syste& of go+ern&entH -/hy is there a c ear separation of po5ers in Canada0 and 5hich e+e of go+ern&ent gets the Bresidua po5ersC 5hen they ariseH2 .2 Canada is a constitutiona &onarchy' As a resu t0 5ho is our head of stateH /ho represents her in CanadaH Eear =ro+ince G (erritory =rince 1d5ard ;s and Eu3on (erritory A )erta Sas3atche5an %e5found and %una+ut Eear

/hat sorts of po5ers does the &onarch and G or her representati+e rea y ha+eH "2 Ho5 ha+e changes in popu ation0 ethnic &a3e up0 and techno ogy inf uenced the po5ers of our go+ern&entH -6or e4a&p e0 the te ephone hadnIt e+en )een in+ented at the ti&e of Confederation - as a ne5 for& of techno ogy it ca&e under the 9urisdiction of the 6edera Do+ern&ent2