ALGORITHM & FLOWCHART

Prepared by Esther R. Cuaresma

ALGORITHM
It

is a procedure or a formula for solving a problem. It is a step-by-step procedure to solve a problem.

FLOWCHART
It

is a design aid used by problem analysts in the solution of computer related problems. It is a means of visually presenting the flow of data through an information processing system, the operations and the sequence in which they are performed. It is a graphical representation of an algorithm.

TYPES OF FLOWCHARTS

System Flowchart

Visually describes the operations performed in the data through all parts of a data processing system. The emphasis is on people, activities, documents and media. It describes data sources, their form and the stages through which they will be processed.
It is a pictorial representation of a procedure. It is used to indicate the flow and sequence of detailed steps in a procedure.

Program Flowchart

BASIC FLOWCHARTING SYMBOLS

TERMINAL

PREPARATION / INITIALIZATION

INPUT / OUTPUT

PROCESS

PRE-DEFINED PROCESS

DECISION BOX

DOCUMENTATION

CONNECTOR

ON-PAGE CONNECTOR

OFF-PAGE CONNECTOR

FLOWLINES

BASIC DATA CONTROL OF PROGRAM FLOWCHART STRUCTURES

1.

Sequence

Indicates that controls flows from one process box to another (straight forward).
This structure provides for a choice of one between two alternatives. If there are conditions in your problem.

2.

Selection (if-then-else)

3.

Repetition (Looping)

SEQUENCE STRUCTURE

SEQUENCE STRUCTURE
1.

2.

Write an algorithm and design a flowchart that will input the length and width of a rectangle. Find the Area and the Perimeter. Print the length, width, area and perimeter. Write an algorithm and design a flowchart that will input 3 quizzes of a student into a computer and find the average. Print the 3 quizzes and the average.

SEQUENCE STRUCTURE

Write an algorithm and design a flowchart that will input the Class standing and Midterm exam grades. Compute for the midterm grade of a student. The midterm grade is equal to 60% of the Class Standing and 40% of the Midterm Exam. Print the Class Standing, Midterm Exam and Midterm Grade.