Lesson 9.

Chapter 9 : Rational Exponents & Roots

Standards: 2.0 Students understand and use such operations taking a root, and raising to a fractional power. They understand and use the rules of exponents. 12.0 Students simplify fractions with polynomials in the numerator and denominator by factoring both and reducing them to the lowest terms.

Lesson 9.5: Multiplication & Division of Radical Expressions

Objectives:
Within the learning period, I will be able to 1. Multiply expressions containing radicals. 2. Rationalize a denominator containing two terms.

If

a and b are real numbers, then a b a b

Examples:
7 7
5 2
49 7

10

6 3 18 9 2 10 x 2 x
2

3 2
2

20 x 4 5x

2x 5

MULTIPLICATION PROPERTY OF SQUARE ROOTS

For any numbers a 0 and b 0,

a b a b
Ex:

5 6 30
6 2 3

Multiplying Radicals
1. Multiply terms outside the radical together. 2. Multiply terms inside the radical together. 3. Simplify.

12 5 3 5 36 5 6 30

6 5 8 6 40 6 4 10
6 2 10 12 10

Multiplying Radicals
You can multiply using distributive property and FOIL.

3 (7 3 ) 7 3 3

2 (5 8) 5 2 16 5 2 4
(6 2 )(6 2) 36 6 2 6 2 2

36 2 34

More Examples:
7

7 3

7 7 7 3
7 21

49 21

5x

x 3 5

5x 3 25x x 5 3 5 x
2

x 5 15 x

x 5

x 3

x2 3x 5x 15

x 2 3x 5 x 15

Multiply: You try.

5(2 5) 2 5 5

(2

5) (2
2

5 )( 2

5)

4 2 5 2 5 5
9 4 5
(5 7 )(5 7 ) 25 7 18

More Practice:

36

3 6

9 6 3 6 3 36 3 36

33
5x 4

5x 4
2

5x 4

25x 4 5x 4 5x 16
5 x 8 5 x 16

Using the Conjugate to Simplify

Expression Conjugate Product

(2 (10

5) 2)

(2 (10

5) 2)

4 5 1 100 2 98 10 36 26

( 10 6 )

( 10 6 )

The radical goes away every time

DIVISION PROPERTY OF SQUARE ROOTS

For any numbers a 0 and b > 0,

a b
Ex:

a b

3 3 3 4 2 4

RATIONALIZING THE DENOMINATOR*

*Means to get rid of an irrational number in the denominator of a fraction To Rationalize the Denominator of a fraction, multiple the numerator and denominator by a radical that will create a perfect square under the radical of the denominator.

3 2

2 2

3 2 2 2

3 2

3 2 2 4

Dividing to Simplify Radicals

No radicals in the denominator allowed Denominators must be rationalized.

Multiply by

1in the form of

2 3 2 3 3 3 3 15 5 5 5
15 5 1 5
3

3 5

Dividing to Simplify Radicals

Multiply by

in the form of

conjugate conjugate

2 5 3
5

5 3 5 3
1

10 2 3 25 3

10 2 3 11 22

5 3 11

Simplify: You try.

6 2

3 2

5 5 5
4 2 3
84 3

Summary:
To ADD and SUBTRACT COMBINE LIKE TERMS

To MULTIPLY

Outside NUMBERS x NUMBERS Inside NUMBERS x NUMBERS DISTRIBUTE and FOIL

To DIVIDE

Rationalize denominator using Use conjugate

ALWAYS SIMPLIFY AT THE END IF YOU CAN

Individual Practice/Homework Problem Set 9.5, TB pp. 569-570 Multiples of 4 (4, 8, , 100) + 104,106, 108, 110