Earthing-Calculation - L & T

Client:
L&T, E&C DIVISION
ADDITIONAL PROCESS UNITS
OIL AND NATURAL GAS CORPORATION LIMITED SAIPEM TRIUNE ENGINEERING PVT. LTD.,NEW DELHI
PMC:
Contractor : Larsen & Toubro Limited,

E&C DIVISION, Mumbai
Doc. No. : 5015-LT-00-EL-04-CA-0008 Rev. : 00
EARTHING & LIGHTNING PROTECTION CALCULATION FOR INDOOR AREA OWNER UNIT L&T JOB NO. : OIL AND NATURAL GAS CORPORATION LIMITED, URAN : ADDITIONAL PROCESS UNITS : 5015
DOC. CATEGORY: DOCUMENT STATUS
I 1
REVIEW CODE
REVIEWED, NO COMMENTS.WORK TO PROCEED. REVIEWED AS COMMENTED. WORK SHALL PROCEED WITH FABRICATION / MANUFACTURING TAKING CARE AND INCORPORATING OWNER /PMC COMMENTS. MAJOR NON CONFORMANCE AND DEVIATIONS TO CONTRACT SPECIFICATIONS. RESUBMIT FOR REVIEW AFTER INCORPORATING COMMENTS. RETAINED FORINFORMATION / RECORDS.
1st
2nd
3rd 2
FINAL FOR CODE 1
AS BUILT
COMMENTS (IF ANY): 3 I
ONGC/PMC
DATE
REVIEWED BY
00
REV.
20-12-2010
DATE
Issued for Review

DESCRIPTION
KM
PREPARED BY
MJ/RH
CHECKED BY
NS/ AK
HOD PEM APPROVED BY
LARSEN & TOUBRO LIMITED E&C DIVISION
DOCUMENT NO.
PROJECT CUSTOMER
: Additional Process Units : ONGC, URAN
Earthing & Lightning Protection Calculation for Indoor Area
5015-LT-00-EL-04-CA-0008 REVISION PAGE : : 00 2 OF 27
CONTENTS
SECTION 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Scope Reference Documents Design Parameters Earthing Calculations Lightning Protection Calculations Attachments
PAGE 3 3 3 3 17 27
DOCUMENT NO.
PROJECT CUSTOMER
1)
SCOPE This document covers Earthing & Lightning Protection calculations for APU Sub-Station of Additional Process Units Project, ONGC URAN.
2)
REFERENCE DOCUMENTS Code of Practice for Earthing Code of Practice for Protection of buildings and allied structures against Lightning Electrical Design Basis Job Specification Electrical Standard Specification Installation for Earthing : : : : : : IS-3043 IS-2309 V002-00-50-50-DB-01, Rev.01 V002-00-50-50-SP-02-0 6-51-0084 Rev. 3 6-51-0099 Rev.5 7-51-0101 Rev.3 : Lightning Protection
Design Philosphy for Electrical Facilities Installation Standard for Earthing OISD-180 3) DESIGN PARAMETERS Main Earth Electrode Dimensions (In contact with earth) Depth of Laying of Main Grid
: :
65 mm dia, 3000 mm long GI pipe (As per Installation Standard for Earthing) 500 mm below ground (As per Standard Specification for Installation) Galvanized Iron Flat Strip (As per Electrical Design Basis) Earthing
Main Earth Grid Material
4) 4.1)
EARTHING CALCULATIONS EARTHING CALCULATIONS FOR APU SUBSTATION a) DESIGN BASIS The Earthing system is designed as per IS-3043, OISD & EILs guidelines as given in bid. The combine resistance of earthing system shall not exceed 1 in any case and shall be capable to dissipate the maximum fault current without exceeding permissible current density.
DOCUMENT NO.
PROJECT CUSTOMER
b) SIZING CALCULATION FOR MAIN EARTHING CONDUCTOR The cross-sectional area size of main earthing conductor is decided based on IS-3043 Clause No12.2.2.1 S = Where, S = I = k = T = S I T k S S = = = = (I x T)/k Cross sectional area (in mm ) r.m.s value of fault current of system (in A) factor from table 6 A of IS-3043 fault clearance time (in Secs) 1.3 x S (After considering 30% corrosion allowance) 50000 A (As per Job Specification Electrical) 1 Sec (As per Job Specification Electrical) 80
2
= 50000 x 1/80 = 625 mm2
After considering 30 % corrosion allowance S = 812.50 mm

2
Size of main earthing grid selected = 75 mm x 12 mm GI Strip (Single Run). (Which is more than Minimum size required for earthing grid (75 mm x10 mm GI Strip) as per Job Specification Electrical) c) CALCULATION OF PIPE ELECTRODE EARTH RESISTANCE: The resistance of a Pipe Electrode (Re) is calculated based on Amend No. 1 to IS-3043. Re = Where, Re = l d = = = Resistance of pipe electrode (in ) Length of pipe electrode (in cm) Diameter of pipe electrode (in cm) Resistivity of soil (in -M) (Since the resistivity variations are within 20 to 30 percent, the soil is considered uniform as per IS: 3043, Clause 36.5.1. So we have considered the average value of resistivity given in Electrical Resistivity Report (ERT-3). Please refer Annexure-1) (19.95+18.22+16.96+20.42)/4 18.90 -M (100 / 2l) x (loge 2l/d)
= =
DOCUMENT NO.
PROJECT CUSTOMER
Re =
(100 x 18.9 x loge(2 x 300/6.5)/2 x 3.14 x 300)
Re = 4.54 d) CALCULATION OF STRIP ELECTRODE EARTH RESISTANCE: The resistance of a Strip Electrode (Rs) is calculated based on Amend No. 1 to IS-3043. Rs = (100 / 2l) x (loge 4l /t)
Where, l t = = = Resistivity of soil (in -M) Length of strip (in cm) Width of strip (in cm) 22520 cm (Refer Annexure-2) (100 x 18.9 x loge (4 x 22520/7.5)/2 x 3.14 x 22520) 0.125
l = Rs = Rs =
e) CALCULATION OF EQUIVALENT EARTH RESISTANCE OF THE GRID Rt = (Re/n) || Rs Cumulative earth resistance because of pipe and strip electrodes (in ) Total number of pipe electrodes Resistance of single pipe electrode (in ) Resistance of strip electrode (in ) 26 (We have considered 26 no of earth pits for transformers neutral earthing) 1/ ((1/ Rs) + (n/ Re)) 1/ ((1/ 0.125) + (26/ 4.54)) 0.073
Where, Rt = n Re Rs n Rt Rt Rt = = = = = = =
f)
PERMISSIBLE CURRENT DENSITY Permissible current density is decided as per IS-3043 Clause No 10.3 i = (7.57 X 10 ) / t Duration of fault (in Seconds)
3
Where, t =
DOCUMENT NO.
PROJECT CUSTOMER i i i = = = =
Resistivity of soil (in -meter) Current density (in A/ M2 ) (7.57X10 )/ (18.9X1) 1741.27 A/ M2
3
g) PERMISSIBLE FAULT CURRENT Total length of G.I strip in contact with ground (L) Width of G.I strip (W) Height of G.I strip (H) Total area of strip electrode in contact with ground Total fault current, G.I Earth strip will dissipate = = = = = = = Total fault current, G.I Earth strip will dissipate Total area of Pipe Electrode in contact with ground = = = = = = = = = 225.2 M 0.075 M 0.012 M 2(W + H) x L 39.185 M2 39.185 x Current Density 39.185 x 1741.27 68.23 kA dl 3.1428 x 0.065 x 3 0.6128 M2 0.6128 x 0.95 0.5822 M2 0.5822 x 26 15.14 M2 15.14 x 1741.27
After Considering 5% reduction in the gross area of pipe Considering 26 no of Pipe Electrodes, the total area in contact with ground The total fault current which Pipe Electrodes will dissipate Hence the total fault current which Pipe Electrodes will dissipate
26.36 kA 68.23 + 26.36 94.59 kA
Therefore, the fault current, which 225.2 m G.I strip = and 26 nos. of Pipe Electrodes will dissipate without exceeding the current density = (Which is more than the specified fault level of 50kA)
CLEAN EARTH REQUIREMENT FOR DATA CONCENTRATOR/RTU PANEL a) CALCULATION OF PIPE ELECTRODE EARTH RESISTANCE: The resistance of a Pipe Electrode (Re) is calculated based on Amend No. 1 to IS-3043. Re = (100 / 2l) x (loge 2l/d)
DOCUMENT NO.
PROJECT CUSTOMER
Where, Re = l d = = = Resistance of pipe electrode (in ) Length of pipe electrode (in cm) Diameter of pipe electrode (in cm) Resistivity of soil (in -M) (100 x 18.9 x loge(2 x 300/6.5)/2 x 3.14 x 300)
Re =
Re = 4.54 b) CALCULATION OF EQUIVALENT EARTH RESISTANCE OF THE GRID Rt = (Re/n) Equivalent Earth Resistance (in ) Total number of pipe electrodes 2 (We have considered 2 no of earth pits for Clean earthing) 4.54/2 2.268
Where, Rt = n n Rt Rt = = = =
Since 5 ohm is adequate for clean earth. Achieved earth resistance value (Rt) is within permissible limits of 5 Ohm. The earthing system is meeting the requirement of earthing resistance less than 5 ohm. 4.2) EARTHING CALCULATIONS FOR DM PLANT SUBSTATION
a) DESIGN BASIS
The Earthing system is designed as per IS-3043, OISD & EILs guidelines as given in bid. The combine resistance of earthing system shall not exceed 1 in any case and shall be capable to dissipate the maximum fault current without exceeding permissible current density. b) SIZING CALCULATION FOR MAIN EARTHING CONDUCTOR The cross-sectional area size of main earthing conductor is decided based on IS-3043 Clause No12.2.2.1 S = Where, S = I = k = T = (I x T)/k Cross sectional area (in mm2) r.m.s value of fault current of system (in A) factor from table 6 A of IS-3043 fault clearance time (in Secs)
DOCUMENT NO.
PROJECT CUSTOMER
S I T k S S
= = = =
1.3 x S (After considering 30% corrosion allowance) 50000 A (As per Job Specification Electrical) 1 Sec (As per Job Specification Electrical) 80
= 50000 x 1/80 = 625 mm2

2
Size of main earthing grid selected = 75 mm x 12 mm GI Strip (Doub le Run). (Which is more than Minimum size required for earthing grid (75 mm x10 mm GI Strip) as per Job Specification Electrical) c) CALCULATION OF PIPE ELECTRODE EARTH RESISTANCE: The resistance of a Pipe Electrode (Re) is calculated based on Amend No. 1 to IS-3043. Re = Where, Re = l d = = = Resistance of pipe electrode (in ) Length of pipe electrode (in cm) Diameter of pipe electrode (in cm) Resistivity of soil (in -M) (Since the resistivity variations are within 20 to 30 percent, the soil is considered uniform as per IS: 3043, Clause 36.5.1. So we have considered the average value of resistivity given in Electrical Resistivity Report (ERT-7). Please refer Annexure-1) (18.54+14.77+15.71+17.28)/4 16.58 -M (100 x 16.58 x loge(2 x 300/6.5)/2 x 3.14 x 300) (100 / 2l) x (loge 2l/d)
= =
Re =
Re = 3.98 d) CALCULATION OF STRIP ELECTRODE EARTH RESISTANCE: The resistance of a Strip Electrode (Rs) is calculated based on Amend No. 1 to IS-3043. Rs = (100 / 2l) x (loge 4l /t) Where, = Resistivity of soil (in -M)
DOCUMENT NO.
PROJECT CUSTOMER l t = =
: Additional Process Units : ONGC, URAN Length of strip (in cm) Width of strip (in cm)
l = Rs = Rs =
7500 cm ( Refer Annexure-3 ) (100 x 16.58 x loge (4 x 7500/15.0)/2 x 3.14 x 7500) (Since we are using two runs of strip so width of strip is taken double) 0.267
e) CALCULATION OF EQUIVALENT EARTH RESISTANCE OF THE GRID Rt = (Re/n) || Rs Cumulative earth resistance because of pipe and strip electrodes (in ) Total number of pipe electrodes Resistance of single pipe electrode (in ) Resistance of strip electrode (in ) 8 (We have considered 8 no of earth pits for general purpose) 1/ ((1/ Rs) + (n/ Re)) 1/ ((1/ 0.267) + (8/ 3.98)) 0.174
f)
PERMISSIBLE CURRENT DENSITY Permissible current density is decided as per IS-3043 Clause No 10.3 i = (7.57 X 10 ) / t Duration of fault (in Seconds) Resistivity of soil (in -meter) Current density (in A/ M2 ) (7.57X103)/ (16.58X1) 1859.10 A/ M2
3
Where, t = = i = i i = =
g) PERMISSIBLE FAULT CURRENT Total length of G.I strip in contact with ground (L) Width of G.I strip (W) Height of G.I strip (H) = = = 75.0 M 0.075 M 0.012 M
DOCUMENT NO.
PROJECT CUSTOMER
Total area of strip electrode in contact with ground (Considering two runs of strip) Total fault current, G.I Earth strip will dissipate
= = = =
2((W x 2) + H) x L 24.3 M2 24.3 x Current Density 24.3 x 1859.10 45.18 kA dl 3.1428 x 0.065 x 3 0.6128 M2 0.6128 x 0.95 0.5822 M2 0.5822 x 8 4.66 M2 4.66 x 1859.10
Total fault current, G.I Earth strip will dissipate Total area of Pipe Electrode in contact with ground
= = = = = = = = =
After Considering 5% reduction in the gross area of pipe Considering 8 no of Pipe Electrodes, the total area in contact with ground The total fault current which Pipe Electrodes will dissipate Hence the total fault current which Pipe Electrodes will dissipate
8.66 kA 45.18 + 8.66 53. 84 kA
Therefore, the fault current, which 2 Runs of = 75.0 m G.I strip and 8 nos. of Pipe Electrodes will dissipate without exceeding the current density = (Which is more than the specified fault level of 50kA)
CLEAN EARTH REQUIREMENT FOR DATA CONCENTRATOR/RTU PANEL
a) CALCULATION OF PIPE ELECTRODE EARTH RESISTANCE: The resistance of a Pipe Electrode (Re) is calculated based on Amend No. 1 to IS-3043. Re Where, Re = l d = = = Resistance of pipe electrode (in ) Length of pipe electrode (in cm) Diameter of pipe electrode (in cm) Resistivity of soil (in -M) (100 x 16.58 x loge(2 x 300/6.5)/2 x 3.14 x 300) = (100 / 2l) x (loge 2l/d)
Re =
Re = 3.98
DOCUMENT NO.
PROJECT CUSTOMER
b) CALCULATION OF EQUIVALENT EARTH RESISTANCE OF THE GRID Rt = (Re/n) Equivalent Earth Resistance (in ) Total number of pipe electrodes 2 (We have considered 2 no of earth pits for Clean earthing) 3.98/2 1.989
Where, Rt = n n Rt Rt = = = =
Since 5 ohm is adequate for clean earth. Achieved earth resistance value (Rt) is within permissible limits of 5 Ohm. The earthing system is meeting the requirement of earthing resistance less than 5 ohm.
4.3)
EARTHING CALCULATIONS FOR CHEMICAL LAB
a) DESIGN BASIS
The Earthing system is designed as per IS-3043, OISD & EILs guidelines as given in bid. The combine resistance of earthing system shall not exceed 1 in any case and shall be capable to dissipate the maximum fault current without exceeding permissible current density. b) SIZING CALCULATION FOR MAIN EARTHING CONDUCTOR The cross-sectional area size of main earthing conductor is decided based on IS-3043 Clause No12.2.2.1 S = Where, S = I = k = T = S I T k S S = = = = (I x T)/k Cross sectional area (in mm ) r.m.s value of fault current of system (in A) factor from table 6 A of IS-3043 fault clearance time (in Secs) 1.3 x S (After considering 30% corrosion allowance) 50000 A (As per Job Specification Electrical) 1 Sec (As per Job Specification Electrical) 80
2
= 50000 x 1/80 = 625 mm2
DOCUMENT NO.
PROJECT CUSTOMER

2
Size of main earthing grid selected = 75 mm x 12 mm GI Strip (Single Run). (Which is more than Minimum size required for earthing grid (75 mm x10 mm GI Strip) as per Job Specification Electrical) c) CALCULATION OF PIPE ELECTRODE EARTH RESISTANCE: The resistance of a Pipe Electrode (Re) is calculated based on Amend No. 1 to IS-3043. Re = Where, Re = l d = = = Resistance of pipe electrode (in ) Length of pipe electrode (in cm) Diameter of pipe electrode (in cm) Resistivity of soil (in -M) (Since the resistivity variations are within 20 to 30 percent, the soil is considered uniform as per IS: 3043, Clause 36.5.1. So we have considered the average value of resistivity given in Electrical Resistivity Report (ERT-1). Please refer Annexure-1) (18.22+19.16+24.50+20.42)/4 20.575 -M (100 x 20.575 x loge(2 x 300/6.5)/2 x 3.14 x 300) (100 / 2l) x (loge 2l/d)
= =
Re =
Re = 4.94 d) CALCULATION OF STRIP ELECTRODE EARTH RESISTANCE: The resistance of a Strip Electrode (Rs) is calculated based on Amend No. 1 to IS-3043. Rs = (100 / 2l) x (loge 4l /t) Where, l t = = = Resistivity of soil (in -M) Length of strip (in cm) Width of strip (in cm) 15850 cm ( Refer Annexure-4 ) (100 x 20.575 x loge (4 x 15850/7.5)/2 x 3.14 x 15850) 0.187
l = Rs = Rs =
DOCUMENT NO.
PROJECT CUSTOMER
e) CALCULATION OF EQUIVALENT EARTH RESISTANCE OF THE GRID Rt = (Re/n) || Rs Cumulative earth resistance because of pipe and strip electrodes (in ) Total number of pipe electrodes Resistance of single pipe electrode (in ) Resistance of strip electrode (in ) 8 (We have considered 8 no of earth pits for general purpose) 1/ ((1/ Rs) + (n/ Re)) 1/ ((1/ 0.187) + (8/ 4.94)) 0.143
f)
PERMISSIBLE CURRENT DENSITY Permissible current density is decided as per IS-3043 Clause No 10.3 i = (7.57 X 10 ) / t Duration of fault (in Seconds) Resistivity of soil (in -meter) Current density (in A/ M2) (7.57X10 )/ (20.575X1) 1668.88 A/ M2
3 3
Where, t = = i = i i = =
g) PERMISSIBLE FAULT CURRENT Total length of G.I strip in contact with ground (L) Width of G.I strip (W) Height of G.I strip (H) Total area of strip electrode in contact with ground Total fault current, G.I Earth strip will dissipate = = = = = = = Total fault current, G.I Earth strip will dissipate Total area of Pipe Electrode in contact with ground = = = 158.5 M 0.075 M 0.012 M 2((W + H) x L 27.58 M2 27.58 x Current Density 27.58 x 1668.88 46.03 kA dl 3.1428 x 0.065 x 3
DOCUMENT NO.
PROJECT CUSTOMER
After Considering 5% reduction in the gross area of pipe Considering 8 no of Pipe Electrode, the total area in contact with ground The total fault current which Pipe Electrodes will dissipate Hence the total fault current which Pipe Electrodes will dissipate
= = = = = =
0.6128 M2 0.6128 x 0.95 0.5822 M2 0.5822 x 8 4.66 M2 4.66 x 1668.88
7.77 kA 46.03 + 7.77 53. 79 kA
Therefore, the fault current, which 158.5 m G.I strip = and 8 nos. of Pipe Electrodes will dissipate without exceeding the current density = (Which is more than the specified fault level of 50kA)
4.4)
EARTHING CALCULATIONS FOR CHEMICAL SHED
a) DESIGN BASIS
The Earthing system is designed as per IS-3043, OISD & EILs guidelines as given in bid. The combine resistance of earthing protection system shall not exceed 1 in any case and shall be capable to dissipate the maximum fault current without exceeding permissible current density.
b) SIZING CALCULATION FOR MAIN EARTHING CONDUCTOR The cross-sectional area size of main earthing conductor is decided based on IS-3043 Clause No12.2.2.1 S = Where, S = I = k = T = S I T k S S = = = = (I x T)/k Cross sectional area (in mm ) r.m.s value of fault current of system (in A) factor from table 6 A of IS-3043 fault clearance time (in Secs) 1.3 x S (After considering 30% corrosion allowance) 10000 A (Refer Annexure 11) 1 Sec (As per Job Specification Electrical) 80
2
= 10000 x 1/80 = 125 mm

2
After considering 30 % corrosion allowance
DOCUMENT NO.
PROJECT CUSTOMER S
= 162.50 mm2
Size of main earthing grid selected = 75 mm x 10 mm GI Strip (Single Run). (As per Job Specification Electrical) c) CALCULATION OF PIPE ELECTRODE EARTH RESISTANCE: The resistance of a Pipe Electrode (Re) is calculated based on Amend No. 1 to IS-3043. Re = Where, Re = l d = = = Resistance of pipe electrode (in ) Length of pipe electrode (in cm) Diameter of pipe electrode (in cm) Resistivity of soil (in -M) (Since the resistivity variations are within 20 to 30 percent, the soil is considered uniform as per IS: 3043, Clause 36.5.1. So we have considered the average value of resistivity given in Electrical Resistivity Report (ERT-1). Please refer Annexure-1) (18.22+19.16+24.50+20.42)/4 20.575 -M (100 x 20.575 x loge(2 x 300/6.5)/2 x 3.14 x 300) (100 / 2l) x (loge 2l/d)
= =
Re =
Re = 4.94 d) CALCULATION OF STRIP ELECTRODE EARTH RESISTANCE: The resistance of a Strip Electrode (Rs) is calculated based on Amend No. 1 to IS-3043. Rs = (100 / 2l) x (loge 4l /t) Where, l t = = = Resistivity of soil (in -M) Length of strip (in cm) Width of strip (in cm) 10005 cm (Refer Annexure-5) (100 x 20.575 x loge (4 x 10005/7.5)/2 x 3.14 x 10005) 0.281
l = Rs = Rs =
e) CALCULATION OF EQUIVALENT EARTH RESISTANCE OF THE GRID Rt = (Re/n) || Rs
DOCUMENT NO.
PROJECT CUSTOMER Where, Rt = n Re Rs n Rt Rt Rt = = = = = = =
Cumulative earth resistance because of pipe and strip electrodes (in ) Total number of pipe electrodes Resistance of single pipe electrode (in ) Resistance of strip electrode (in ) 6 (We have considered 6 no of earth pits for general purpose) 1/ ((1/ Rs) + (n/ Re)) 1/ ((1/ 0.281) + (6/ 4.94)) 0.209
f)
PERMISSIBLE CURRENT DENSITY Permissible current density is decided as per IS-3043 Clause No 10.3 i = (7.57 X 10 ) / t
3
Where, t = = i = i i = =
Duration of fault (in Seconds) Resistivity of soil (in -meter) Current density (in A/ M2 ) (7.57X10 )/ (20.575X1) 1668.88 A/ M2
3
g) PERMISSIBLE FAULT CURRENT Total length of G.I strip in contact with ground (L) Width of G.I strip (W) Height of G.I strip (H) Total area of strip electrode in contact with ground Total fault current, G.I Earth strip will dissipate = = = = = = = Total fault current, G.I Earth strip will dissipate Total area of Pipe Electrode in contact with ground = = = = = 100.05 M 0.075 M 0.010 M 2((W + H) x L 17.009 M2 17.009 x Current Density 17.009 x 1668.88 28.39 kA dl 3.1428 x 0.065 x 3 0.6128 M2 0.6128 x 0.95
After Considering 5% reduction in the gross area of pipe
DOCUMENT NO.
PROJECT CUSTOMER
Considering 6 no of Pipe Electrode, the total area in contact with ground The total fault current which Pipe Electrodes will dissipate Hence the total fault current which Pipe Electrodes will dissipate
= = = = =
0.5822 M2 0.5822 x 6 3.5 M2 3.5 x 1668.88 5.830 kA 28.39 + 5.830 34.215 kA
Therefore, the fault current, which 100.05 m G.I strip = and 6 nos. of Pipe Electrodes will dissipate without exceeding the current density = (Which is more than the specified fault level of 10kA) 4.5)
EARTHING CALCULATIONS FOR BOILER PACKAGE SUBSTATION Earthing calculations for Boiler Package Substation is on hold as Soil Resistivity Report is awaited. The same shall be issued with next revision.
5.0) 5.1)
LIGHTNING PROTECTION CALCULATIONS LIGHTNING PROTECTION CALCULATIONS FOR APU SUBSTATION
a. DESIGN BASIS Lightning protection is provided as per bid package requirement and IS 2309. GI strip of 20 X 3 mm conductor size shall be used for horizontal air termination & down conductors. Each down conductor shall be connected to a separate GI pipe electrode of 65 mm in dia and 3000 mm long in test pit. The desirable earth resistance value of lightning system shall be 5 ohm, but in no case it shall be more than 10 ohm (Ref Doc No. 6-51-0084, Clause No 7.3) OVERALL ASSESSMENT OF RISK: i) Effective collection area of the structure. As per IS-2309 clause no 8.1.2 effective collection area is determined by below mentioned formula. Ac = (L x B) + 2(L x H) + 2(B x H) + H2 Where, Ac = L = B = H = L B H = = = Effective collection area of structure (in M ) Length of building (in M) Breadth of building (in M) Height of building (in M) 76.925 M (Ref Annexure-6) 30 M (Ref Annexure-6) 9.2 M (Ref Annexure-6)
2
DOCUMENT NO.
PROJECT CUSTOMER Ac = Ac =
(76.925 x 30) + 2 x (76.925 x 9.2) + 2 x (30 x 9.2) + 3.1428 x 9.2 x 9.2 4541.18 M
2 2
ii) Numb er of flashes to ground per Km per year Number of flashes to ground per Km per year is calculated with the help of map listed on fig-1 in IS2309. (Ref Clause 8.1.2) Considering our site complex near to Mumb ai area, Ng is considered 1.1 iii) Weighting factors As per IS-2309 weighting factors for risk assessment is decided with the help of table-1 (Ref Clause 8.1.5) W = AxBxC xDxE Where, W = The overall multiplying Weighting factor A B C D E W W = = = = = = = 1.0 0.4 1.0 1.0 0.3 1.0 x 0.4 x 1.0 x 1.0 x 0.3 0.12
2
iv) Pro bability of b eing struck The probable number of strikes (risk) to the structure per year is calculated by below mentioned formula as per IS-2309 (Ref Clause 8.1.2) -6 P = Ac x Ng x W x 10 Where, P = Ac = Ng = W = P P = = Probability of being struck 2 Effective collection area of structure (in M ) 2 Number of flashes to ground per Km per year The overall multiplying Weighting factor 4541.18 x 1.1 x 0.12 x 10 5.995 x 10
-4 -6
The acceptable overall risk factor as per IS-2309 is 10-5 (Ref Clause 8.1.3), i.e. 1 in 100000 per year. For overall risk factor < 10-5 lightning protection is not required. However, for the same being >= 10-5 lightning protection shall be provided. 5.995 x 10 is greater than 10 i.e. 1 in 100000 per year, therefore lightning protection is required. b. CALCULATION FOR DOWN CONDUCTORS Total no of down conductors are calculated based on IS-2309 Clause No 12.2.3 i) Calculation based on total base area as per IS-2309 N = [(A-100) / 300] + 1
-4 -5
DOCUMENT NO.
PROJECT CUSTOMER
Where N = A = A = L = B = A = N = ii)
No of conductors required Base Area (in M2) (L x B) 76.925 M 30 M 2307.75 M2 8.4
Calculation based on perimeter as per IS-2309 N Where P P P N iii) = = = = Perimeter of base of the building (in M) 2(L+B) 213.85 M 7.13 = P/30
Conclusion = 8
The number of down conductors shall be at least 5.2) a)
LIGHTNING PROTECTION CALCULATIONS FOR DM PLANT DESIGN BASIS Lightning protection is provided as per bid package requirement and IS 2309. GI strip of 20 X 3 mm conductor size shall be used for horizontal air termination & down conductors. Each down conductor shall be connected to a separate GI pipe electrode of 65 mm in dia and 3000 mm long in test pit. The desirable earth resistance value of lightning system shall be 5 ohm, but in no case it shall be more than 10 ohm (Ref Doc No. 6-51-0084, Clause No 7.3) OVERALL ASSESSMENT OF RISK:
i)
Effective collection area of the structure. As per IS-2309 clause no 8.1.2 effective collection area is determined by below mentioned formula. Ac = (L x B) + 2(L x H) + 2(B x H) + H2 Where, Ac = L = B = H = L B H = = = Effective collection area of structure (in M ) Length of building (in M) Breadth of building (in M) Height of building (in M) 17.7 M (Ref Annexure-7) 15.7 M (Ref Annexure-7) 5.8 M (Ref Annexure-7) (17.7 x 15.7) + 2 x (17.7 x 5.8) + 2 x (15.7 x 5.8) + 3.1428 x 5.8 x 5.8
2
Ac =
DOCUMENT NO.
PROJECT CUSTOMER Ac =
: Additional Process Units : ONGC, URAN 771.1 M2
ii) Numb er of flashes to ground per Km per year 2 Number of flashes to ground per Km per year is calculated with the help of map listed on fig-1 in IS2309. (Ref Clause 8.1.2) Considering our site complex near to Mumb ai area, Ng is considered 1.1 iii) Weighting factors As per IS-2309 weighting factors for risk assessment is decided with the help of table-1 (Ref Clause 8.1.5) W = AxBxC xDxE Where, W = The overall multiplying Weighting factor A B C D E W W = = = = = = = 1.0 0.4 1.0 1.0 0.3 1.0 x 0.4 x 1.0 x 1.0 x 0.3 0.12
-4 -5 -6
The acceptable overall risk factor as per IS-2309 is 10 (Ref Clause 8.1.3), i.e. 1 in 100000 per year. -5 -5 For overall risk factor < 10 lightning protection is not required. However, for the same being >= 10 lightning protection shall be provided. 1.02 x 10 is greater than 10 i.e. 1 in 100000 per year, therefore lightning protection is required. b. CALCULATION FOR DOWN CONDUCTORS Total no of down conductors are calculated based on IS-2309 Clause No 12.2.3 i) Calculation based on total base area as per IS-2309 N = [(A-100) / 300] + 1
-4 -5
Where N =
No of conductors required
DOCUMENT NO.
PROJECT CUSTOMER A A L B A N ii) = = = = = =
: Additional Process Units : ONGC, URAN Base Area (in M2) (L x B) 17.7 M 15.7 M 277.89 M2 1.59
Calculation based on perimeter as per IS-2309 N Where P P P N iii) = = = = Perimeter of base of the building (in M) 2(L+B) 66.8 M 2.23 = P/30
Conclusion = 2
The number of down conductors shall be at least
5.3) a)
LIGHTNING PROTECTION CALCULATIONS FOR CHEMICAL LAB DESIGN BASIS Lightning protection is provided as per bid package requirement and IS 2309. GI strip of 20 X 3 mm conductor size shall be used for horizontal air termination & down conductors. Each down conductor shall be connected to a separate GI pipe electrode of 65 mm in dia and 3000 mm long in test pit. The desirable earth resistance value of lightning system shall be 5 ohm, but in no case it shall be more than 10 ohm (Ref Doc No. 6-51-0084, Clause No 7.3)
OVERALL ASSESSMENT OF RISK: i) Effective collection area of the structure. As per IS-2309 clause no 8.1.2 effective collection area is determined by below mentioned formula. 2 Ac = (L x B) + 2(L x H) + 2(B x H) + H + Additional Area due to Height of Chiller Room Where, Ac = L = B = H = L B H = = = Effective collection area of structure (in M 2) Length of building (in M) Breadth of building (in M) Height of building (in M) 54.375 M (Ref Annexure-8) 18.7 M (Ref Annexure-8) 8.7 M (Ref Annexure-8) (54.375 x 18.7) + 2 x (54.375 x 8.7) + 2 x (18.7 x 8.7) + 3.1428 x 8.7 x 8.7
Ac =
DOCUMENT NO.
PROJECT CUSTOMER Ac =
: Additional Process Units : ONGC, URAN 2526.2 M2
Height of Chilling Tower = 13.850 M (Ref Annexure-8) Length of Chilling Tower = 16 M (Ref Annexure-8) Additional Area Due to Chilling Tower = (13.850-8.7) x 16 Additional Area Due to Chilling Tower = 82.4 So Net Effective Collection Area of Structure = 2526.2 + 82.4 So Net Effective Collection Area of Structure (Ac) = 2608.6 M ii) Numb er of flashes to ground per Km per year 2 Number of flashes to ground per Km per year is calculated with the help of map listed on fig-1 in IS2309. (Ref Clause 8.1.2) Considering our site complex near to Mumbai area, Ng is considered 1.1 iii) Weighting factors As per IS-2309 weighting factors for risk assessment is decided with the help of table-1 (Ref Clause 8.1.5) W = AxBxC xDxE Where, W = The overall multiplying Weighting factor A B C D E W W = = = = = = = 1.0 0.4 1.0 1.0 0.3 1.0 x 0.4 x 1.0 x 1.0 x 0.3 0.12
2
iv) Pro bability of b eing struck The probable number of strikes (risk) to the structure per year is calculated by below mentioned formula as per IS-2309 (Ref Clause 8.1.2) -6 P = Ac x Ng x W x 10 Where, P = Ac = Ng = W = P P = = Probability of being struck 2 Effective collection area of structure (in M ) Number of flashes to ground per Km2 per year The overall multiplying Weighting factor 2608.6 x 1.1 x 0.12 x 10 3.443 x 10
-4 -5 -6
The acceptable overall risk factor as per IS-2309 is 10 (Ref Clause 8.1.3), i.e. 1 in 100000 per year. For overall risk factor < 10-5 lightning protection is not required. However, for the same being >= 10-5 lightning protection shall be provided. 3.443 x 10 is greater than 10 i.e. 1 in 100000 per year, therefore lightning protection is required.
-4 -5
DOCUMENT NO.
PROJECT CUSTOMER
b. CALCULATION FOR DOWN CONDUCTORS Total no of down conductors are calculated based on IS-2309 Clause No 12.2.3 i) Calculation based on total base area as per IS-2309 N = [(A-100) / 300] + 1
Where N = A = A = L = B = A = N = ii)
No of conductors required Base Area (in M2) (L x B) 54.375 M 18.7 M 1016.81 M2 4.1
Calculation based on perimeter as per IS-2309 N = P/30
Where P = P = P = N = iii)
Perimeter of base of the building (in M) 2(L+B) 146.15 M 4.9
Conclusion = 5
LIGHTNING PROTECTION CALCULATIONS FOR CHEMICAL SHED DESIGN BASIS Lightning protection is provided as per bid package requirement and IS 2309. GI strip of 20 X 3 mm conductor size shall be used for horizontal air termination & down conductors. Each down conductor shall be connected to a separate GI pipe electrode of 65 mm in dia and 3000 mm long in test pit. The desirable earth resistance value of lightning system shall be 5 ohm, but in no case it shall be more than 10 ohm (Ref Doc No. 6-51-0084, Clause No 7.3) OVERALL ASSESSMENT OF RISK:
i)
Effective collection area of the structure. As per IS-2309 clause no 8.1.2 effective collection area is determined by below mentioned formula. 2 Ac = (L x B) + 2(L x H) + 2(B x H) + H Where, Ac = L = B = H = L B H = = = Effective collection area of structure (in M ) Length of building (in M) Breadth of building (in M) Height of building (in M) 29.3 M (Ref Annexure-9) 14.6 M (Ref Annexure-9) 6.7 M (Ref Annexure-9)
2
DOCUMENT NO.
PROJECT CUSTOMER
Ac = Ac =
(29.3 x 14.6) + 2 x (29.3 x 6.7) + 2 x (14.6 x 6.7) + 3.1428 x 6.7 x 6.7 1157.12 M
2
ii) Numb er of flashes to ground per Km per year 2 Number of flashes to ground per Km per year is calculated with the help of map listed on fig-1 in IS2309. (Ref Clause 8.1.2) Considering our site complex near to Mumb ai area, Ng is considered 1.1 iii) Weighting factors As per IS-2309 weighting factors for risk assessment is decided with the help of table-1 (Ref Clause 8.1.5) W = AxBxC xDxE Where, W = A B C D E W W = = = = = = = The overall multiplying Weighting factor 1.0 0.4 1.0 1.0 0.3 1.0 x 0.4 x 1.0 x 1.0 x 0.3 0.12
iv) Pro bability of b eing struck The probable number of strikes (risk) to the structure per year is calculated by below mentioned formula as per IS-2309 (Ref Clause 8.1.2) -6 P = Ac x Ng x W x 10 Where, P = Ac = Ng = W = P P = = Probability of being struck Effective collection area of structure (in M2) 2 Number of flashes to ground per Km per year The overall multiplying Weighting factor 1157.12 x 1.1 x 0.12 x 10 1.53 x 10
-4 -6
The acceptable overall risk factor as per IS-2309 is 10-5 (Ref Clause 8.1.3), i.e. 1 in 100000 per year. -5 -5 For overall risk factor < 10 lightning protection is not required. However, for the same being >= 10 lightning protection shall be provided. 1.53 x 10 is greater than 10 i.e. 1 in 100000 per year, therefore lightning protection is required. b. CALCULATION FOR DOWN CONDUCTORS Total no of down conductors are calculated based on IS-2309 Clause No 12.2.3 i) Calculation based on total base area as per IS-2309 N = [(A-100) / 300] + 1
-4 -5
DOCUMENT NO.
PROJECT CUSTOMER
Where N = A = A = L = B = A = N = ii)
Conclusion = 3
LIGHTNING PROTECTION CALCULATIONS FOR BOILER PACKAGE SUBSTATION DESIGN BASIS Lightning protection is provided as per bid package requirement and IS 2309. GI strip of 20 X 3 mm conductor size shall be used for horizontal air termination & down conductors. Each down conductor shall be connected to a separate GI pipe electrode of 65 mm in dia and 3000 mm long in test pit. The desirable earth resistance value of lightning system shall be 5 ohm, but in no case it shall be more than 10 ohm (Ref Doc No. 6-51-0084, Clause No 7.3)
OVERALL ASSESSMENT OF RISK: i) Effective collection area of the structure. As per IS-2309 clause no 8.1.2 effective collection area is determined by below mentioned formula. 2 Ac = (L x B) + 2(L x H) + 2(B x H) + H Where, Ac = L = B = H = L B H = = = Effective collection area of structure (in M 2) Length of building (in M) Breadth of building (in M) Height of building (in M) 11.250 M (Ref Annexure-10) 17.120 M (Ref Annexure-10) 13.6 M (Ref Annexure-10) (11.250 x 17.120) + 2 x (11.250 x 13.6) + 2 x (17.120 x 13.6) + 3.1428 x 13.6 x 13.6
Ac =
DOCUMENT NO.
PROJECT CUSTOMER
Ac =
1545.56 M2
2
ii) Numb er of flashes to ground per Km per year 2 Number of flashes to ground per Km per year is calculated with the help of map listed on fig-1 in IS2309. (Ref Clause 8.1.2) Considering our site complex near to Mumb ai area, Ng is considered 1.1 iii) Weighting factors As per IS-2309 weighting factors for risk assessment is decided with the help of table-1 (Ref Clause 8.1.5) W = AxBxC xDxE Where, W = The overall multiplying Weighting factor A B C D E W W = = = = = = = 1.0 0.4 1.0 1.0 0.3 1.0 x 0.4 x 1.0 x 1.0 x 0.3 0.12
-4 -5 -6
The acceptable overall risk factor as per IS-2309 is 10 (Ref Clause 8.1.3), i.e. 1 in 100000 per year. For overall risk factor < 10-5 lightning protection is not required. However, for the same being >= 10-5 lightning protection shall be provided. 2.04 x 10 is greater than 10 i.e. 1 in 100000 per year, therefore lightning protection is required. b. CALCULATION FOR DOWN CONDUCTORS Total no of down conductors are calculated based on IS-2309 Clause No 12.2.3 i) Calculation based on total base area as per IS-2309 N = [(A-100) / 300] + 1
-4 -5
DOCUMENT NO.
PROJECT CUSTOMER Where N = A = A = L = B = A = N = ii)
Conclusion = 2
The number of down conductors shall be at least
6.0)
ATTACHMENTS Annexure 1 Annexure 2 Annexure 3 Annexure 4 Annexure 5 Annexure 6 Annexure 7 Annexure 8 Annexure 9 Annexure 10 Annexure-11 : : : : : : : : : : : Soil Resistivity test report Earthing Network for APU Substation (Ground Floor) Earthing Network for DM Plant Earthing Network for Chemical Lab (Ground Floor) Earthing Network for Chemical Shed (Ground Floor) Roof Plan of APU Substation indicating protected Zone from Lightning Roof Plan of DM Plant indicating protected Zone from Lightning Roof Plan of Chemical Lab indicating protected Zone from Lightning Roof Plan of Chemical Shed indicating protected Zone from Lightning Roof Plan of Boiler Package Substation indicating protected Zone from Lightning Earth fault Current Calculation for Chemical Shed

Earthing-Calculation - L & T

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L&T, E&C DIVISION

ADDITIONAL PROCESS UNITS

Contractor : Larsen & Toubro Limited,

Doc. No. : 5015-LT-00-EL-04-CA-0008 Rev. : 00

DOC. CATEGORY: DOCUMENT STATUS

FINAL FOR CODE 1

COMMENTS (IF ANY): 3 I

Issued for Review

LARSEN & TOUBRO LIMITED E&C DIVISION

: Additional Process Units : ONGC, URAN

Earthing & Lightning Protection Calculation for Indoor Area

5015-LT-00-EL-04-CA-0008 REVISION PAGE : : 00 2 OF 27

LARSEN & TOUBRO LIMITED E&C DIVISION

: Additional Process Units : ONGC, URAN

Earthing & Lightning Protection Calculation for Indoor Area

5015-LT-00-EL-04-CA-0008 REVISION PAGE : : 00 3 OF 27

Main Earth Grid Material

LARSEN & TOUBRO LIMITED E&C DIVISION

: Additional Process Units : ONGC, URAN

Earthing & Lightning Protection Calculation for Indoor Area

5015-LT-00-EL-04-CA-0008 REVISION PAGE : : 00 4 OF 27

= 50000 x 1/80 = 625 mm2

After considering 30 % corrosion allowance S = 812.50 mm

LARSEN & TOUBRO LIMITED E&C DIVISION

: Additional Process Units : ONGC, URAN

Earthing & Lightning Protection Calculation for Indoor Area

5015-LT-00-EL-04-CA-0008 REVISION PAGE : : 00 5 OF 27

(100 x 18.9 x loge(2 x 300/6.5)/2 x 3.14 x 300)

LARSEN & TOUBRO LIMITED E&C DIVISION

: Additional Process Units : ONGC, URAN

Earthing & Lightning Protection Calculation for Indoor Area

5015-LT-00-EL-04-CA-0008 REVISION PAGE : : 00 6 OF 27

26.36 kA 68.23 + 26.36 94.59 kA

LARSEN & TOUBRO LIMITED E&C DIVISION

: Additional Process Units : ONGC, URAN

Earthing & Lightning Protection Calculation for Indoor Area

5015-LT-00-EL-04-CA-0008 REVISION PAGE : : 00 7 OF 27

LARSEN & TOUBRO LIMITED E&C DIVISION

: Additional Process Units : ONGC, URAN

Earthing & Lightning Protection Calculation for Indoor Area

5015-LT-00-EL-04-CA-0008 REVISION PAGE : : 00 8 OF 27

= 50000 x 1/80 = 625 mm2

After considering 30 % corrosion allowance S = 812.50 mm

LARSEN & TOUBRO LIMITED E&C DIVISION

Earthing & Lightning Protection Calculation for Indoor Area

5015-LT-00-EL-04-CA-0008 REVISION PAGE : : 00 9 OF 27

LARSEN & TOUBRO LIMITED E&C DIVISION

: Additional Process Units : ONGC, URAN

Earthing & Lightning Protection Calculation for Indoor Area

5015-LT-00-EL-04-CA-0008 REVISION PAGE : : 00 10 OF 27

8.66 kA 45.18 + 8.66 53. 84 kA

 CLEAN EARTH REQUIREMENT FOR DATA CONCENTRATOR/RTU PANEL

LARSEN & TOUBRO LIMITED E&C DIVISION

: Additional Process Units : ONGC, URAN

Earthing & Lightning Protection Calculation for Indoor Area

5015-LT-00-EL-04-CA-0008 REVISION PAGE : : 00 11 OF 27

EARTHING CALCULATIONS FOR CHEMICAL LAB

= 50000 x 1/80 = 625 mm2

LARSEN & TOUBRO LIMITED E&C DIVISION

: Additional Process Units : ONGC, URAN

Earthing & Lightning Protection Calculation for Indoor Area

CLEAN EARTH REQUIREMENT FOR DATA CONCENTRATOR/RTU PANEL