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Chemical Bond
Strong attractive force between atoms or ions in a molecule or compound.
Formed by:
transferring e- (losing or gaining)
sharing e-
Properties
Compounds formed
Properties arent anything like those of the individual elements.
a compound made from the elements sodium and chlorine.
Sodium chloride
Chemical Formulas
chemical formula
elements that make up a compound and the exact number of atoms of each element in a unit of the compound
H2O
contains the symbols H for the element hydrogen and O for the element oxygen.
Formulas
Subscript
means written below tells how many atoms of that element are in a unit of the compound. no subscript the unit contains only one atom of that element
Atomic Stability
electric forces
oppositely charged electrons and protons hold atoms and molecules together the forces that cause compounds to form.
unusually stable. Compounds rarely form
noble gases
they are almost always less stable than the original atoms.
Stability
Octet Rule
most atoms form bonds in order to have valence e- (This is important) full outer energy level like the Noble Gases!
Ne
Notice that eight dots surround Kr, Ne, Xe, Ar, and Rn, and two dots surround He
Hydrogen
How does hydrogen, or any other element, trying to become stable, gain or lose its outer electrons?
As a result, each achieves stability.
combining with other atoms that also have partially complete outer energy levels.
Stability
Transferring e-
Sharing e-
Sodium had only one electron in its outer energy level lost to combine with chlorine in sodium chloride.
Stability Is Reached
Look back to the next, outermost energy level of sodium.
Stability Is Reached
atoms
gain, lose, or share electron an attraction forms between the atoms, pulling them together to form a compound.
chemical bond
is the force that holds atoms together in a compound.
Lesson Check
How many hydrogen atoms are present in one molecule of ammonium acetate, NH4C2H3O 2 7 An ion is a positively or negatively charged atom; an ionic bond occurs when oppositely charged ions attract each other and an equal exchange of electrons takes place.