Radiographic Testing Method

Level II Questions Radiographic Testing Method

(GENERAL) Q1. The essential parts of an atom are: a. b. c. d. Proton,positron,electron. Proton,electron,gamma ray. Photon,electron,neutron. Proton,electron,neutron.

Q2. Primary radiation is: a. b. c. d. All radiation incident on a radiographic film. Radiation arising directly from a radioactive source. Radiation arising directly from the target of an x-ray tube. B) and c) are true.

Q3. X-rays emitted from the focal spot on the thungsten target of an x-ray tube: a. Is focused downward by the angle of the tungsten target. b. Is deflected downward by the angle of the tungsten target. c. Is made up of high speed electron which are deflected downward by the angle of the focal spot. d. Travels in straight lines in the form of a diverging conical beam from the focal spot. Q4. Instensity of a radiographic source,measured in becquerels,plotted against time is known as a: a. b. c. d. Calibration curve. Decay curve. Exposure chart. Density gradient.

Q5. Alpha radiation is a form of: a. b. c. d. Gamma radiation. Electromagnetic radiation. Particulate radiation. X-ray radiation.

Q6. In general,which of the following is correct for fluorescent intensifying screens: a. b. c. d. Longer exposure and poor radiographic definition. Shorter exposure and poor radiographic definition. Shorter exposure and improved radiographic definition. Shorter exposure and clear radiographic definition.

Q7. A material used to surround or is inserted into an object during radiography to reduce the effect of unwanted scattered radiation is known as: a. b. c. d. Collimating material. Filtering material. Refracting material. Blocking material. 1/8

Radiographic Testing Method Q8. The sharpness of the outline of the radiographic image will improve (that is less fuzzy) if: a. b. c. d. The focal spot of x-ray tube or the physical size of the gamma source is increased. The source-to-film distance is increased. The film developing time is increased. A coarse grain film is used.

Q9. The density difference between two adjacent areas of a radiograph is known as: a. b. c. d. Unsharpness. Radiographic contrast. Relative density of the specimen. Subject density.

Q10. A penetremeter (or a image quality indicator,IQI) is used in radiography to indicate: a. b. c. d. Radiographic film sensitivity. The size of the smallest detectable defect. Radiographic film density. Radiographic film contrast.

Q11. Another term for real-time radiography could be: a. b. c. d. Flash radiography. Xeroradiography. Fluoroscopy. Autoradiography.

Q12. The selection of a suitable radiographic film to be used for the x-ray examination of a particular part depends on: a. b. c. d. The thickness of the specimen. The density of the specimen. The kilovoltage range available on the x-ray machine. All three of the above stated factors.

Q13. During the development stage of the rdiogrephic film processing,it is important to observe the time-temperature relationship recommended by the manufacturers of the chemicals.However, if the time is kept constant(i.e.the same as the one recommended) and the temperature of the developing solution is reduced below the recommended figure it will result in: a. b. c. d. Overdeveloped radiographic film. Underdeveloped radiographic film. Fogging of the radiographic film. Damaging of the radiographic film due to the frilling.

Q14. Inherent graininess refers to the dispersal of the silver halide crystals in the emulsion of the unexposed radiographic film.This inherent graininess of the radiographic film will affect: a. b. c. d. Contrast. Sensitivity. Density. a),b) and c).

Q15. The amount of film darkening in radiography is given the term: a. Transmittance. b. Opacity. 2/8

Radiographic Testing Method c. Density. d. Percent transmittance. Q16. The duty cycle of an x-ray tube is a measure of: a. b. c. d. The maximum kilovoltage that can be applied to the tube. The maximum filament current that can be applied. The amount of time the tube must rest between exposures. The amount of time required to warm-up the tube before the first exposure of the day.

Q17. The normal range of steel radiographed using IR-192 is: a. b. c. d. 5mm to 25mm. 25mm to 75mm. 5mm to 100mm. 45mm to 200mm.

Q18. Of the following choices,indicate the most appropriate.In order to decrease exposure time,a radiographer might: a. b. c. d. Use lead intensifying screens. Increase the focal-film-distance. Process at lower chemical temperatures. Use a copper filter at the window of the x-ray tube.

Q19. Primary radiation which strikes a film holder or cassette through a thin portion of the specimen will cause scattering into the adjacent thicker portions producing an effect called: a. b. c. d. Radiation imaging. Spotting. Undercut. Unsharpness.

Q20. Filters placed between the source of radiation and the specimen (or object) tend to reduce scatter radiation undercutting the specimen by: a. b. c. d. Absorbing the longer wavelength components of the primary beam. Absorbing the shorter wavelength components of the primary beam. Absorbing backscatter radiation. Decreasing the intensity of the beam.

Q21. A general rule often employed for determining the kilovoltage to be used when x-raying a part is: a. b. c. d. The kilovoltage should be as high as other factors will permit. The kilovoltage should be as low as other factors will permit. The kilovoltage is always a fixed value and cannot be changed. The kilovoltage is not an important variable and can be changed over a wide range without affecting the radiograph.

Q22. The name of the defect which is most likely to occur at the junction of light and heavy sections is: a. b. c. d. Porosity. Hot tear. Blow hole. Both a) and c)

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Radiographic Testing Method Q23. Oval or circular dark spots with smooth edges appearing on weld or casting radiographs would most probably be indicative of: a. b. c. d. Burn through. Crater crack. Porosity. Lack of fusion.

Q24. Where on a forged piece can you find a burst? a. b. c. d. Inside the piece. Always on the surface of the piece. On the surface of the piece. Answers a) and c) are correct.

Q25. Which defect results in damage to surfaces in contact,especially in a corrosive environment? a. b. c. d. Stress corrosion crack. Embrittlement. Fretting corrosion Intergranular corrosion.

Q26. Geiger Mueller counters are used for radiation detection but are not recommended for industrial X-ray work because: a. The high intensity of radiation causes the batteries to saturate and not work. b. High intensity radiation makes Geiger tube brittle and fragile c. High intensity radiation may cause the Geiger tube to saturate and give a low measure or no measure of the true exposure rate. d. High intensity radiation causes gas amplification by a factor 1010 and this causes the Geiger tube to explode Q27. An exposure rate of mR/h is measured just outside the steel door to an x-ray room.The half-value layer in lead for the transmitted x-rays is 0.09 cm.What thickness of lead would have to be added to the door to reduce the exposure rate to 1 mR/h? a. b. c. d. 0.21cm 0.018cm 2.25cm 0.45cm

Q28. The HVL of lead to control leakage from an x-ray tube operating at 200 kV is .4mm. What thickness of lead would be required to reduce this leakage by a factor of 16? a. b. c. d. 0.4mm 0.8mm 1.6mm 4.8mm

Q29. Absorbed dose, no matter what its units are given in, is a measure of: a. b. c. d. Energy deposited in a unit mass Effective biological damage Ionizations in a unit volume The product of a and b

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Radiographic Testing Method Q30. The tenth value layer of lead for 250 kVp x-ray is 2.9mm.What thickness of lead would be needed to reduce the exposure rate for this energy of radiation by a factor of 1000? a. b. c. d. 2.900mm 0.25mm 8.7mm 87cm

Q31. A person who receives a whole body dose equivalent of 5 rems in one year: a. b. c. d. May develop radiation sickness Should not have any medical x-rays Will be unaffected May have an increased risk of cancer

Q32. For an uncontrolled area next to an x-ray room, the shielding should be sufficient to ensure that the maximum exposure is: a. b. c. d. 2.5 mR per week 10 mR per week 25 mR per week 100 mR per week

Q33. A counter placed 18 cm from an energized X-Ray tube reads 72.000 cpm (counts per monite). When measured at new distance the reading is 44.100 cpm. What is the new distance? a. b. c. d. 21cm 22cm 23cm 24cm

Q34.In making an x-ray exposure,you fined the dose rate at 2 meters from the x-ray tube is 1200mR/h. What would be the dose rate at 8 meters? a. b. c. d. 75mR/h 100mR/h 200mR/h 300mR/h

Q35. The maximum annual whole-body dose that an x-ray worker is permitted to receive is: a. b. c. d. 5millisieverts 50millisieverts 500millisieverts 5,000millisieverts

Q36. An x-ray tube operating at 200 kVp and 4 mA is suitable for examining thick steel pipe.What is the energy of the x-rays produced with this technique? a. b. c. d. 800kVp .8kVp Up to 200keV 0.8MeV

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Radiographic Testing Method Q37. Given the field at 2.5 m from an IR192 source is 2Gy/hr, what distance could you approach before the field rose to 25Gy/hr?: a. b. c. d. 0.21m 0.50m 0.67m 0.71m

Q38. Maximum annual dose limits for non-atomic radiation works is: a. b. c. d. The same as ARWs allowed an ARW 1/10 allowed an ARW 1/100 allowed an ARW

Q39. Given the HVL for 400 kV x-rays is 7.6 mm and a field of 10Gy/hr. How many HVL of lead are needed to reduce the field to 1Gy/hr?: a. b. c. d. 10 5.4 3.3 1.2

Q40. A dose equivalent of 50 millisieverts is equal to: a. b. c. d. 5millirems 50millirems 0.5rem 5rems

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Radiographic Testing Method

Level II Questions Radiographic Testing Method

(GENERAL) 1d 2d 3d 4b 5c 6b 7d 8b 9b 10a 11c 12d 13b 14d 15c 16c 17b 18a 19c 20a 21b 22b 23c 24d 25c 26c 27a 7/8

Radiographic Testing Method 28c 29a 30c 31d 32b 33c 34a 35b 36c 37d 38c 39c 40d

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