INTRODUCTION OMNAMASIVomnamasivayaAYA

1.1 OVERVIEW OF VIDEO COMPRESSION With the advent of the multimedia age and the spread of Internet, video storage on CD/DVD and streaming video has been gaining a lot of popularity. The ISO oving !i"ture #$perts %roup & !#%' video "oding standards pertain to(ards "ompressed video storage on physi"al media li)e CD/DVD, (here as the International Tele"ommuni"ations *nion &IT*' addresses real+time point+to+point or multi+point "ommuni"ations over a net(or). The former has the advantage of having higher band(idth for data transmission. Video "ompression "an be vie(ed as the "ompression of a se,uen"e of images- in other (ords, image "ompression (ith a temporal "omponent. The basi" flo( of the entire "ompression+de"ompression pro"ess is largely the same and is depi"ted in .ig././. The en"oding side estimates the motion in the "urrent frame (ith respe"t to a previous frame. 0 motion "ompensated image for the "urrent frame is then "reated that is built of blo")s of image from the previous frame. The motion ve"tors for blo")s used for motion estimation are transmitted, as (ell as the differen"e of the "ompensated image (ith the "urrent frame is also 1!#% en"oded and sent. The en"oded image that is sent is then de"oded at the en"oder and used as a referen"e frame for the subse,uent frames. The de"oder reverses the pro"ess and "reates a full frame. The (hole idea behind motion estimation based video "ompression is to save on bits by sending 1!#% en"oded differen"e images (hi"h inherently have less energy and "an be highly "ompressed as "ompared to sending a full frame that is 1!#% en"oded.