Draws on, Elaborates and Transforms

Learning is recursive; an iterative process No one system is!privileged, they are mutually supportive Nested Systems - individual, dyads, small groups, clusters of groups, and the larger collectives are all knowledge producing systems

Redundancy

Diversity
Reciprocal benet of the individual and the collective allows for an adaptive response by a robust system

commonalities between agents makes it possible for them to work together

allows a group to be creative and setting the conditions for an adaptive response by bringing together different ways of knowing

Negative Feedback recursively tends towards a goal or limit

Positive Feedback recursively amplies the output of the system

Complex systems require a dynamic harmony between negative and positive feedback. ! Positive feedback without limits causes systems to break down while negative feedback without new growth or goals causes systems to stagnate

Enabling Constraint - rules or parameters imposed on the complex system that allow for exible responses; opening possibilities by!limiting!choices

Neighbor Interactions new possibilities will arise when agents come into contact with each other and mutually affect and/or change each other; agents in this sense can be people, groups of people, or abstract agents like ideas or cultural values Decentralized Control - the coming together of ideas is enabled by a decentralized interactive structure; the system is self-regulating, functioning without an organized center of authority

Remembering/Forgetting For a system to learn to maintain its!viability!it must have a means to remember its past, and a means by which it discerns what is important! Consciousness of the collective that which selects interpretive possibilities and helps to register them in the collective memory

Occasioning for Complexity