Escuela de Nivel Medio Superior de León

Problemario: Segunda Ley de la Termodinámica

Física 4, octubre 2009
Prof. J. Pablo Aranda

1. Calcule la máxima eficiencia posible de una máquina térmica que opera entre las
temperaturas límite de 100 ºC y 400 ºC.

2. An engine transfers 2.0 × 103 J of energy from a hot reservoir during a cycle and
transfers 1.50 × 103 J to a cold reservoir. Find:

(a) The efficiency of the engine

(b) The work that does this engine in one cycle.

3. If an engine has an efficiency of 20 % and exhausts 3 × 103 J to water used to cool the
engine, how much work is done by the engine?

4. The energy absorbed by an engine is three time greater than the work it performs. (a)
What is its thermal efficiency? (b) What fraction of the energy absorbed is expelled to
the cold reservoir?

5. The highest theoretical efficiency of a certain engine is 30.0%. If this engine uses the
atmosphere, which has a temperature of 300 K, as its cold reservoir, what is the
temperature of its hot reservoir?

6. Calculate the change in entropy when 300 g of lead melts at 327 ºC. Lead has a latent
heat of fusion of 2.45 × 104 J/kg.

7. The temperature at the surface of the Sun is approximately 5700 K, and the
temperature at the surface of the Earth is approximately 290 K. What entropy change
occurs when 1000 J of energy is transferred by radiation from the Sun to the Earth?

8. If you toss two dice, what is the total number of ways in which you can obtain (a) a 12
and (b) a 7?