2012 4.

(a) Two particles A and B each of mass m are connected by a light inextensible string passing over a light, smooth, fixed pulley. Particle A rests on a rough plane inclined 5 . at to the horizontal, where tan = 12 Particle B hangs vertically 1 m above the ground. A The coefficient of friction between A and the inclined plane is 1 a 2. The system is released from rest. (i) Find the speed with which B strikes the ground. (ii) How far will A travel after B strikes the ground? SOLUTION

B 1m

y R
m=
1 2

a T

T a B m

m
s mg i n

mg

co

P x
W1 = mg W2 = mg 1m

Particle A: y-axis R mg cos a = m(0) R 12 13 mg = 0 R =

12 13

FNet = ma
5 tan a = 12

Particle B: y-axis W2 T = ma mg T = ma.....(2)

5

13 12

cos a =

mg

12 13

5 sin a = 13

x-axis T mg sin a P = ma
5 12 T 13 mg 1 2 ( 13 mg ) = ma 11 T 13 mg = ma.....(1)

P = mR

(i) 11 T 13 mg = ma.....(1) mg T = ma.........(2)

2 13 1 mg = 2ma a = 13 g m s 2

1 a = 13 g m s 2

v 2 = u 2 + 2as
1 2 v 2 = 02 + 2( 13 g )(1) = 13 g

u = 0 m s 1 s =1 m v=?

v =

2g m s 1 13

Kieran Mills & Tony Kelly (www.studentxpress.ie)

(ii)

When B strikes the ground there is no longer any tension T in the string. Calculate the net force that now acts on A. FNet = ma P mg sin a = ma
5 12 1 2 ( 13 mg ) 13 mg = ma 11 a = 13 g m s 2 11 a = 13 g m s 2

v 2 = u 2 + 2as 2g 11 gs 0 = + 2 13 13 2 g 22 g 0= s 13 13 11s = 1
2 1 s = 11 m 2

u=

2g m s 1 13 v = 0 m s 1 s=?

(b) Two particles of mass m kg and 2m kg lie at rest on horizontal rough tables. The coefficient of friction between each particle and the table it lies on is ( < 3 2 ).

2m

The particles are connected by a light inextensible string which passes under a smooth movable pulley of mass 4m kg. The system is released from rest. (i) Find, in terms of m and m , the tension in the string.

4m

(ii) If the acceleration of the m kg mass is f, find the acceleration of the 2m kg mass in terms of f. f a SOLUTION R2 R1 1f + 1a 2 2 m 2m P1 T T
W1 = mg W2 = 2mg

P2

T 4m

FNet = ma Mass m y-axis: R1 W1 = m(0) R1 mg = 0 R1 = mg x-axis: T P 1 = mf T m R1 = mf T m mg = mf ....(1)

Kieran Mills & Tony Kelly (www.studentxpress.ie)

Mass 2m y-axis:
W3 = 4mg

R2 W2 = 2m(0) R2 2mg = 0 R2 = 2mg

1 2 1 2

Mass 4m y-axis: W3 2T = 4m[ f + a ] 4mg 2T = 2mf + 2ma 2mg T = mf + ma....(3)

x-axis: T P2 = 2ma T m R2 = 2ma T 2 m mg = 2ma....(2)

(i)

T m mg = mf ....(1) f =

T mg m T T 2 m mg = 2ma....(2) a = mg 2m 2mg T = mf + ma....(3) T T 2mg T = m m g + mg 2m m 1 2mg T = T + 2 T 2 m mg 2mg + 2 m mg = 5 2T

4 T = 5 mg (1 + m )

(ii)

4 T=5 mg (1 + m ) 4 mg (1 + m ) T 4 4 4 mg = 5 mg = 5 g+5 mg mg = 5 g1 5 m g .....(4) m m 4 mg (1 + m ) T 3 2 2 2 a= mg = 5 mg = 5 g+5 mg mg = 5 g5 m g .....(5) 2m 2m

f =

4 f =5 g1 5 m g .....(4)( 3) 3 2 a=5 g5 m g .....(5)

3 3 f = 12 5 g + 5 mg 3 2 a=5 g5 mg

a 3 f = 2 g a = 3 f 2g

Kieran Mills & Tony Kelly (www.studentxpress.ie)