Power Electronics Devices and Circuits (EEL-209)

By:

Prof. Bhim Singh

Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi-10016, India. email: bsingh@ee.iitd.ac.in Ph.:011-2659-1045 (o)

Course Structure: Part-1 (Before Minor I)

1. Introduction to Power Electronics devices: Basic Features of semiconductor junctions, BJT operation at high currents, switching features of BJT and MOS transistors. Thyristor operation, distributed Gate. IGBT operation, principles and ratings. Snubber designs and protection, Firing circuits. 2. Choppers and DC-DC Converters: Choppers: step-down, step-up, step-up/down, four quadrants, analysis, control, filters. DC-DC converters: boost, buck, buck-boost converters, forward, fly-back, Cuk, SEPIC, Zeta converters using BJT, IGBT and MOSFET circuits: problems, design and operation. Introduction to DCDC converters with high frequency isolation.
2

Course Structure: Part-2 (Before Minor II)

3. AC-DC Converters Diodes, thyristors, BJT, MOSFET and IGBT based AC-DC converters: uncontrolled, semi-controlled, fully controlled and dual converters in single-phase and three-phase configurations, design, phase control, effects on power factor and harmonics, firing circuits and their designs. Introduction to improved power quality AC-DC converters. 4. Inverters Inverters: circuit operations, LCI, VSI, CSI, push-pull, half bridge and full bridge configurations in singe-phase and three-phase systems, square and PWM mode of operation, Designs using BJTs and MOS devices. Base and gate drive circuits, snubbers, and operational problems.
3

Course Structure: Part-3 (Before Major)

5. AC voltage controllers AC voltage controllers: single-phase, three-phase circuits, applications, advantages, analysis, control, problems, firing circuits and their designs, effects on power factor and harmonics. 6. Cyclo-converters Cyclo-converters: single-phase to single-phase, three-phase to singlephase, three-phase to three-phase and single-phase to three-phase circuits using thyristors and TRIACS, applications, advantages, analysis, control, problems, firing circuits and their designs, effects on power factor and harmonics.
4

Evaluation Plan
______________________________________________________________ Sr. No. Item Item wise Marks Total Marks ______________________________________________________________ Major Test (1): 1*30 30 Minor Tests (2): 2*15 30 Lecture Quizzes (3): 3*5 15 Tutorial Tests (3): 3*5 15 Individual Assignments (2): 2*2.5 5 Computer Assignments (1): 1*5 5 ______________________________________________________________ Total Marks: 100 _______________________________________________________________
5

Power Electronic Devices

Diode
Anode Cathode

Thyristor

BipolarJunctionTransistor (BJT)

MetalOxideSemiconductorFieldEffect Transistor(MOSFET) i
D
G

G S
Symbol

10

GTO(GATETURNOFFTHYRISTOR)
i i
A

11

IGBT(INSULATEDGATEBIPOLAR TRANSISTOR)
i
Symbol

G E

12

PowerVsFrequency
SCR Power(W)
10M 1M 100k 10k 1k 60 100 1k10k100k1M

GTO IGCT IGBT MOSFET

Frequency(Hz)

13

Applications of Power Electronics

14

Applications of Power Electronics

15

Applications
Residential Commercial
Heating Lighting Central Refrigeration Computer Office Equipment UPS Elevators Air Conditioning Ventilating

Industrial
Pumps Compressors Blower Fans Machines tools Arc Furnaces Induction Furnaces Induction heating Welding Industrial Lasers
16

Cooking Lighting Air Conditioning Space Heating Freezers Refrigeration Electronics

Applications
Transportation
Traction Control Battery Charger Electric Locomotives Street Cars Trolley Cars Subways

Utility Systems
HVDC, Static VAR Compensation Supplemental energy sources Energy storage system Boiler feed water pumps Induced draft fan

Aero Space

Telecommunications

Aircraft Space shuttle Satellite Power supply system

Battery charger Power supplies

17

Interdisciplinary nature of Power Electronics

Solid-State Physics Simulation & Computing Circuit Theory

System & Control Theory

Power Electronics Electromagnetic Signal Processing

Electrical Machines

Physics Power Systems

Interdisciplinary Nature of Power Electronics

18

Power Electronics Applications in Household Equipments

Fan Applications

20

90s Generation Fans

Power Levels: 100 -150W Single Phase Induction Motor

21

Fans in this Generation

Power Levels: 60W Single Phase Induction Motor

22

Next Generation Fans

Power Levels: 50W Special Motors like PMBLDCM and SRM

23

What make this happen? Improved Design of Machines

Introduction of Highly Efficient Special Machines in Fan Application Use of Highly Efficient Power Electronics Converter
24

Improved Design of Machines

New machine design and FEM (Finite Element Methods) Software available for precision design

25

Introduction of Highly Efficient Special Machines in Fan Application PMBLDC Motor

26

What Next???
PFC (Power Factor Correction) & Improved Power Quality at AC mains In Fan Applications

27

Lighting Applications

28

Incandescent Bulbs
Power level: 100W

29

Fluorescent Lamp with Magnetic Ballast

Power level: 40W

30

Fluorescent Lamp with Electronic Ballast

Power level: 40W

31

CFL: Compact Fluorescent Lamp

Power level: 20W

32

LED: Light Emitting Diode

Power level: 10W

33

What make this happen?

Increasing efficiency of Semiconductor technology Increased efficiency due to PFC operation

34

Increasing efficiency of Semiconductor technology

35

Increased efficiency due to PFC operation

36

Refrigerators

37

Old Refrigerators

38

New Refrigerators

39

Whats New?
Highly efficient PMBLDC motors are used

40

Air Conditioners

41

Old Air Conditioners

Bulky and low efficiency

42

New Air Conditioners

Light and highly efficient

43

What is New?
Reduced size of compressor due to high density permanent magnet machines Increased Efficiency due to use of power electronics converters Increased Star Rating
44

Other Appliances

45

Washing Machines

46

Water Pumps

47

Small Power Rating

Trimmer

Hair dryer

Hard Disk

and many more

48

Applications based of various converters configurations

49

Applications of DC-DC Converter

50

Dc motors control in locomotives

51

Subway cars

52

BATTERY OPERATED BALLET TRUCKS

53

FOLK LIFT TRUCKS

54

ELECTRIC BOATS

55

SUBMARINES

56

BATTERY OPERATED FANS AND SMALL FANS IN COOLING

57

COMPUTERS

58

BATTERY OPERATED TOYS

59

Applications of Isolated DC-DC Converter

60

Applications
Battery

chargers Electronics ballast Measurement and testing equipments, Small rating motor drives in medical equipments, Small rating refrigeration units. Single stage with power-factor correction. In these converters dc voltage is converted in high frequency ac, which is fed to high frequency transformers for adjusting the voltage level, isolation and obtaining multiple outputs. The high frequency ac voltages are rectified using simple rectifiers to achieve regulated dc output voltage source.
61

Fuel Cell DC-DC Converter

62

DC-DC Converter(Isolated)

63

DC/DC converter & Throttle

64

Multiple Output DC-DC Converter

65

Small computer projects start with small power supplies. The DC-DC

66

DC-DC Converter with 12V Regulated Automotive Switching

67

The DC-DC Converter can be fitted in the weest of crannies

68

DC-DC Converter

69

Touchscreen Monitor Lmv + Dc-dc Converter

70

DC/DC Converter has dual digital control for LED lighting

71

Using a DC/DC converter to power the laser

Prof.Bhim Singh,EED,I.I.T.DELHI

72

Applications of AC Voltage Controller

73

1phaseacvoltagecontroller

74

Applications single phase AC controller

Fan regulator

75

Applications single phase ac controller

Lamp dimmer

76

3-phase ac voltage controller

77

Applications of 3-phase ac voltage controllers

3-phase Soft starter for Induction Motor

78

Static switches

79

Applications of 3-phase ac switches

Transformer tap changing

80

DC and AC Switches
Standard and custom solid state relays for both AC and DC switching applications. For higher current applications solid state switches like SCRs for AC switches, and MOSFETs for DC switches.

81

SVC (Static VAR Compensation)

82

Static VAR Compensator

83

Static VAR Compensator

Thyristor valve is the basic element of SVC. It regulates the current of TCR and thus the reactive power of SVC. Three-phase thyristor valve consists of three thyristor modules: each module is one phase. Module is an electrically and constructively independent device. Each module has several anti parallel thyristors connected in series. Their quantity depends on SVC rated voltage. Thyristor rating: 10-38.5 kV, upto 2000A, (6-18 series thyristor in module)
84

Static VAR Compensator

35 kV, 45 Mvar SVC for electric arc furnace DSP-40 was commissioned at JSC Novorosmetall (Novorossiysk, Russia)
85

Static VAR Compensator

Jember, Indonesia, containerized relocatable SVC Rapid expansions of power systems or changes in operating philosophy often means that existing reactive power elements have to be moved to a different location. This applies particularly to Static VAR Compensators which are more expensive than simple shunt reactors and/or capacitors connected to the system via circuit-breakers. 86

Cycloconverter

87

Cycloconverter for synchronous motor in horizontal reversing rougher application

88

Cycloconverter for synchronous motor

The maximum output frequency of a Cycloconverter is generally no higher than 20 Hertz. On the horizontal reversing rougher, the frequency is limited to 12 Hz.

89

Cycloconverters for variable speed AC drives

Used in low speed drives with high torque at standstill. High capacity gear-less cement mills (tube or ball-mill above 5MW) were the first applications of these drives.
90

Cycloconverters for constant frequency power supplies

Application such as aircraft and naval ships need a well regulated constant frequency power output from a variable frequency ac power source. For example in naval ships: Alternator speed: 10,000 to 20,000 rpm (1200-2400 Hz) at Fixed frequency output in Ships: 400 Hz through a Cycloconverter.

91

Cycloconverters for Static VAR generation

Cycloconverters with a high frequency (HF) base, either a HF generator or an oscillating LC tank, can be used for reactive power generation and control, replacing synchronous condensers or switched capacitors. If the cycloconverter is controlled to generate output voltage waves whose wanted components are in phase with the corresponding system voltages, reactive power can be supplied in either direction to the ac system by amplitude control cycloconverter output voltages
92

Cycloconverters for Inter-ties AC power systems

The naturally commutated cycloconverter (NCC) was originally developed for application to link a three-phase 50 Hz ac system with single phase 16 Hz railway supply system in Germany in 1930s.

93

Matrix converter

94

Application of matrix converter in Hybrid electric vehicle application

95

Application of matrix converter in auxiliary drive system for diesel locomotives

96

Application of matrix converter in auxiliary drive system for diesel locomotives

3-phase to 3-phase and 3-phase to 1-phase matrix converter is used for diesel locomotive. Increased Efficiency. Constant voltage constant frequency control, variable voltage variable frequency control and slip frequency closed loop control are in the control system of 3phase to 3-phase matrix converter.
97

LCI (Load Commutated Inverter)

98

LCI (Load Commutated Inverter)

99

Single phase VSI

100

Application of VSCShunt Active Filter 1-phase 2-wire

Zs

is T1 AC Mains vs Lr AFSh Cr T2 T4 T3 Cd Nonlinear Loads

Single-phase Active-Series Filter

Three phase VSI

103

Voltage Source Inverter

Load

Unidirectional voltage and bidirectional current

Interfacing inductor
104

VSC for HVDC

Converter

Converter Transformer

DC Smoothing Reactor

DC Filter

AC Filter

HVDC

HVDC Light

VSC for HVDC

VSCapplications ActiveFilterfor 3Phase3WireSystem

VSCapplications SeriesActiveFiltersForThree PhaseThreeWireSystem

Current Source Inverter

Id

Load

Unidirecional current and bidirecional voltage

Ripple filter
111

Renewable Energy

Photovoltaic Systems

Wind-Electric Systems

DFIG (Doubly Fed Induction Generator)

114

DFIG (Doubly Fed Induction Generator)

115

FACTS (Flexible AC Transmission Systems)

Harmonic Elimination

Reactive power compensation by STATCOM

Reactive power compensation by STATCOM

120

DSTATCOM

121

Uninterruptible Power Supplies

UPS

123

UPS for personal computer

124

UPS for data center

125

UPS for data center

All equipment in the data center is serviced by fulltime UPS. Under full load, the UPS will supply power for more time than needed until the generator goes on-line. Sixty 12 volt batteries supply power to the UPS. Input voltage, output voltage, the load on the UPS, battery condition, and power frequency are monitored.

126

SMPS
DC DC converters Isolated DC DC converters Non-isolated DC DC converters

127

SMPS for DC-DC Conversion

UncontrolledRectifier(Diodebased)

ControlledRectifier(Thyristorbased)

ImprovedPowerQualityConverters SinglePhase

Step-Up Converter

line waveforms & Vs, IL

ImprovedPowerQualityConverters ThreePhase

SchematicdiagramofSMPS

133

SMPSforpersonalcomputer

134

SMPSforpersonalcomputer
P4 POWER SUPPLY : 400 WATTS
Super

lower noise & ripple design, continuous 60000 work-hour without interrupt. system protection circuit: over voltage, over current, over load, short, prevent to CPU, motherboard and hard disk from damaging by unstable voltage. temperature controlled cooler design.

Multiple

Intelligent

135

AdjustableSpeedDrives

Conventional drive wastes energy across the throttling valve to adjust flow rate. Using power electronics, motor-pump speed is adjusted efficiently to deliver the required flow rate.

AC Motor Drive

Conv. 1: Rectifies line-frequency ac into dc Capacitor acts as a filter; stores energy; decouples Conv. 2: synthesizes low-frequency ac to motor Polarity of dc-bus voltage remains unchanged ideally suited for transistors of converter 2

Strategic Space and Defense Applications

More Electric Aircraft

Electric Warship

DSP Based Implementation

Software Tools
MATLAB/Simulink PSPICE-ORCAD PSIM PSCAD EMTDC ANSYS

References
1. B. Bedford and R. Hoft, "Principles of Inverter circuits", Wiley, New York, 1964. 2. F. Gentry, W. Gutzwiller, E. E Holonyak and V. Zastrow, Semiconductor Controlled Rectifiers, Prentice-Hall, 1964. 3. R. M. Davis, Power Diode and Thyristor Circuits, Cambridge University Press, 1971. 4. B. R. Pelly, Thyristor Phase Controlled Converters and Cycloconverters, Wiely Interscience, 1971. 5. W. McMurray, The Theory and Design of Cycloconverters, MIT Press, 1972. 6. P. Atkinson, Thyristors and their Applications, Mills and Boon, 1972,London, ISBN: 0263050750. 7. S. B. Dewan and A. Straughen, Power Semiconductor Circuits, John Wiley & Sons, 1975, ISBN 0-471-21180. 8. F. Csaki, Power Electronics, Academiai Kiado, 1975, Budapest. 9. S. R. Ramshaw, "Power Electronics", Chapman & Hall, London, 1975. 10. L. G. Gyugyi. and B. R. Pelly, Static Power Frequency Changers, Theory, Performance, and Applications, Wiley, 1976. 11. S. K. Ghandi, Semiconductor Power Devices, Wiley, 1977. 12. M. Ramamoorty, "Introduction to Thyristors and Their Application", McMillan, 1978.
141

References
13. D. Finney, The Power Thyristor and its Applications, London, New York, McGraw-Hill Book Co., 1980, ISBN: 0070845336. 14. G. De, Principles of Thyristorised Converters, Oxford and IBH Publishing Co., 1982, ISBN 81-204-0023-2. 15. R. E. Stevens, Electrical Machines and Power Electronics, Berkshire Wokingham, 1983, UK, ISBN: 0442305478 0442305486 16. B. M. Bird and K. G. King, An Introduction to Power Electronics, Wiley, 1983, New York , ISBN 0471104302 0471900516. 17. K. K. Sum, Switch Mode Power Conversion, Basic Theory and Design, New York, 1984. ISBN: 0824772342. 18. A. Kloss and K. G. King, A Basic Guide to Power Electronics, John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, 1984, ISBN 0-471-90432-5. 19. S. K. Datta, Power Electronics and Controls, Reston Pub., 1985, Reston 20. B. K. Bose, Power Electronics and AC Drives, Prentice-Hall, 1986, New Jersey, ISBN 0-13686882-7-025. 21. G. K. Dubey, S. R. Doradla, A. Joshi and R. M. K. Sinha, Thyristorised Power Controllers, Willey Eastern, 1986, New Delhi, ISBN 0-85226-190-X. 22. B. K. Bose, Power Electronics and AC Drives, Prentice-Hall, 1986, New Jersey, ISBN 0-13686882-7-025.
142

References
23. S. R. Ramshaw, "Power Electronics: Thyristor Controlled Power for Electric Motors", Chapman &Hall, New York, 1986. ISBN: 0412141604. 24. K. Heumann, Basic Principles of Power Electronics, Berlin, New York, Springer-Verlag, 1986, ISBN: 0387161384 (U.S.). 25. G. Seguier, Power Electronic Converters - AC/DC Conversion, McGraw-Hill, 1986. 26. W. Shepherd and L. N. Hully, Power Electronics and Motor Control, Cambridge University Press, 1987, Cambridge, ISBN 0-521-32155-7. 27. P. C. Sen, Thyristor DC Drives, New York, 1987. 28. B. W. Williams, Power Electronics: Devices, Drivers and Applications, Wiley, 1987. New York, ISBN: 0470206969. 29. D.A Bradley, Power Electronics, Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1987. 30. K. Thorborg, Power Electronics, (English translation of Kraftelektronik), Prentice Hall, 1988, New York, ISBN: 0136865933 0136865771. 31. D. Finney, Variable frequency AC Motor Drive Systems, Peter Peregrinus ltd., 1988, London, UK, ISBN 0-86341-114-2. 32. E. Ono, Introduction to Power Electronics, Clarendon Press, Oxford University Press, New York, 1988, ISBN: 0198593384. 33. J. M. D. Murphy and F. G. Turnbull, Power Electronic Control of AC Motors, 1st ed., New York, 1988. ISBN: 0080226833.
143

References
34. K. Thorborg, Power Electronics, Prentice Hall, New York, 1988, ISBN: 0136865933 0136865771. 35. G. Chrysiss, High Frequency Switching Power Supplies: Theory and Design, 2nd ed., New York, McGraw-Hill, 1989, ISBN:0070109516. 36. E. R. Hnatek, Design of Solid-State Power Supplies, (3rd ed.), New York, Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1989, ISBN: 0442207689. 37. D. C. Griffith, Uninterruptible Power Supplies, Marcel Dekker Inc, New York, 1989, ISBN 08247-8076-0. 38. F. F. Mazada, Power Electronics Handbook, Components, Circuits and Applications, Butterwarths, 1990, London. 39. T. Kenjo, Power Electronics for the Microprocessor Age, New York. Oxford University Press, 1990, ISBN: 0198563302. 40. G. J. Porter and J. A. V. Sciver, Power Quality Solutions: case Study for Troubleshooters, published by the Fairmont press, Inc., ISBN 0-88173-279-6 FP. 41. J. W. Clark, AC Power Conditioners-Design applications, Academic Press, 1990, USA. 42. J. G. Kassakian, M. F. Schlecht, and G. C. Verghese, Principles of Power Electronics, AddisonWesley series in electrical engineering, 1991, ISBN: LCCN: 90-44906. 43. B. W. Williams, Power Electronics: Devices, Drivers, Applications, and Passive Components, Second edition, McGraw-Hill, 1992 New York, ISBN: 0070704392.
144

References
44. P. A. Thollot, Power Electronics Technology and Applications, IEEE Press 1992. ISBN: 0780308808. 45. R. Bausiere, F. Labrique, and G. Seguier, Power Electronic Converters: DC-DC Conversion, Springer-Verlag, 1992, New York, ISBN: 3540547606. 46. W. C. Lander, "Power Electronics", 3rd Edition, McGraw-Hill, 1993, New York, ISBN: 0077077148S. 47. R. S. Ramshaw, Power Electronics Semiconductor Switches, Champman & Hall, 1993, ISBN 0-412-28870-2. 48. C. Eichenauer, Power Electronics and Power System Analysis: Program Example in basic and C, Prentice-Hall, 1993, EngleWood Cliffs. 49. R. Bausiere, Power Electronics Converters: DC-DC Conversion, Springer-Verlag, 1993, Berlins. 50. B. M. Bird, K. G. King, and D. A. G. Pedder, "An Introduction to Power Electronics, 2nd ed., Wiley, New York, 1993, ISBN: 4719261670471926175 51. Y.S. Lee, Computer-Aided Analysis and Design of Switch-Mode Power Supplies, New York, 1993, ISBN: 0824788036. 52. M. H. Rashid, SPICE for Power Electronics and Electric Power, Prentice Hall, 1993, ISBN: 0130304204. 53. G. T. Heydt, Electric Power Quality, Stars in a Circle Publications, second edition, 1994, Avarua, Rarotonga, Cook Islands. 145

References
54. T. H. Barton, Rectifiers, Cycloconverters, and AC Controllers, Clarendon Press, New York, 1994, ISBN: 0198561636. 55. J. Vithayathil, Power Electronics: Principles and Applications, McGraw-Hill,1995, New York, ISBN: 0070675554 56. N. Mohan, T. M. Undeland and W. P. Robbins, Power Electronics, Converter, Application and Design, Second Edition, John Willey & Sons, 1995, New York, ISBN 9971-51-177-0. 57. M. H. Rashid, Power Electronics, circuits, Devices and Applications, Second Edition, Prentice-Hall, 1995, India, ISBN 81-203-0869-7. 58. D. A. Bradley, Power Electronics, Champinan and Hall, 1995, London. 59. L. Tihanyi, Electromagnetic Compatibility in Power Electronics, New York, IEEE Press, 1995, ISBN: 0780304160. 60. W.Shepard, L. N. Hully and D. T. W. Liang, Power Electronics and Motor Control, Second Edition, Cambridge University Press, 1995, ISBN: 0521472415 0521478138. 61. V. Subrahmanyam, Power Electronics, New Age International Publishers, India, 1996, ISBN 81-224-0878-8. 62. B. Baliga and B. Jayant, "Power Semiconductor Devices", PWS Publishing Co., Boston, 1996. 63. D. A. Paice, Power Electronic Converter Harmonics, IEEE Press, 1996, New York, ISBN 07803-1137-X.
146

References
64. R. W. Erickson, Fundamentals of Power Electronics", Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1997, ISBN 0-412-08541-0. 65. R. Ramshaw and D. Schuurman, Pspice Simulation of Power Electronics Circuits, 1997,Chapman & hall, ISBN 0-412-75140-2. 66. F. C. Lee, Power Electronics Technology and Applications II, IEEE Press, New York,1997, ISBN: 0780341910. 67. F. F. Mazda, Power Electronics Handbook, 3rd ed., Butterworth, 1997, ISBN: 0750629266. 68. M. D. Singh, Power Electronics, TMH, 1998, Delhi. 69. P. T. Krein, Elements of Power Electronics, Oxford University Press, New York, 1998, ISBN: 0195117018. 70. M. A. Trzynadlowski, Introduction to Modern Power Electronics, Wiley, 1998, New York, ISBN 0471153036. 71. P. C. Sen, Modern Power Electronics, Wheeler Publishing, 1998, New Delhi, ISBN 81-7544149-6. 72. R. M. Jolenkar and N. B. Pasalkar, Power Electronics II, Technical Publications, 1998, Pune. 73. T P. Krein, "Elements of Power Electronics", New York, Oxford University Press, 1998, ISBN: 0195117018 74. Y. H. Song and A. T. Johns, Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS), IEE Press, Oct 1999.
147

References
75. P. S. Bhimbra, Power Electronics, Third Edition, Khanna Publishers, 1999, New Delhi, ISBN 81-7409-056-8. 76. C. M. Paudder, Semiconductor Power Electronics, Devices and Circuits, Jain Brothers, 1999, N. Delhi, ISBN 81-86321-12-8. 77. K. Billings, Switch Mode Power Supply Handbook, McGraw-Hill, 1999, Boston, ISBN 0-07006719-8. 78. A. I. Pressman, Switch Mode Power Supply Design, McGraw-Hill, 1999, New York, ISBN 007-116707-2. 79. R. M. Jolenkar and N. B. Pasalkar, Power Electronics, Devices, Converter and Applications, Technical Publications, Jan. 2000, Pune. 80. S. N. Singh, A Text Book of Power Electronics, Dhanpat Rai and Sons, 2000, Jaipur, ISBN 81-7700-013. 81. B. K. Bose, Power Electronics and Variable Frequency Drive, Standard Publishers Distributors, 2000, ISBN 81-86308-74-1. 82. J. Schlabbach, D. Blume and T. Stephanblome, Voltage Quality in electrical power systems, 2001, U. K. ISBN 0-85296-975-9. 83. J. P. Agrawal, Power Electronics Systems, Theory and Design, Addition Wesley Longman, 2001, ISBN 81-7808-286-1.
148

References
84. R. C. Duagan, M. F. Mcgranaghan and H. W. Beaty, Electric Power System Quality, Mcgraw-Hill, 1221 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10020, ISBN 0-7803-3464-7. 85. M. H. J. Bollen, Understanding power quality Problems, standard publishers Distributors, First Indian edition, 2001, Delhi, ISBN 81-86308-84-9. 86. N. G. Hingorani and L. Gyugyi, Understanding FACTS, IEEE Press, Delhi, 2001, ISBN 8186308-79-2. 87. R. W. Erickson and D. Maksimovic, Fundamentals of Power Electronics", Springer Publishers, 2001, ISBN: 978-0792372707. 88. Joseph Vithayathil, Power Electronics: Principle and Applications First Edition, Tata McGraw Hill, ISBN 9780070702394. 89. L. Umanand, Power Electronics : Essentials & Applications, Wiley India Pvt Ltd, 2011, ISBN 8126519452 90. Issa Batarseh, Power Electronic Circuits, First edition, Wiley, 2003, ISBN: 9780471126621. 91. A. I. Pressman, Switch Mode Power Supply Design, Third Edition, McGraw-Hill, 2009, New York, ISBN 978-0071482721.

149

References
92. Daniel Hart, Power Electronics, McGraw-Hill Publishers, 2010. ISBN: 978-0073380674 93. Paul H. Chappell, Introduction to Power Electronics Artech House Publishers, 2013, ISBN: 9781608077199 94. Andrzej M. Trzynadlowski, Introduction to Modern Power Electronics, Wiley; 2 edition, 2010, ISBN: 978-0470401033 95. Seddik Bacha, Iulian Munteanu and Antoneta Iuliana Bratcu, Power Electronic Converters Modeling and Control: with Case Studies (Advanced Textbooks in Control and Signal Processing), Springer, 2013, ISBN-13: 978-1447154778. 96. Christophe Basso, Switch-Mode Power Supplies Spice Simulations and Practical Designs, First edition, McGraw-Hill, 2008, ISBN: 978-0071508582. 97. Adrian Ioinovici, Power Electronics and Energy Conversion Systems, Fundamentals and Hardswitching Converters, Vol. 1, Wiley Publishers, 2013, ISBN-13: 978-0470710999. 98. Robert Bausiere, Francis Labrique and Guy Seguier, Power Electronic Converters: DC-DC Conversion, Springer; 1st ed., 1993 edition (December 31, 2013) ISBN: 978-3642524561. 99. P. C. Sen, Principles of Electric Machines and Power Electronics, Wiley publisher; 3 edition, 2013. ISBN: 978-1118078877. 100.Enrique Acha, Vassilios Agelidis, Olimpo Anaya and TJE Miller Power Electronic Control in Electrical System, Newnes publishers, First edition, 2002. ISBN: 978-0750651264.

150

Thank-you

151