Sally Kanu English 1102 Professor Camargo 1 March 2014

Vinovskis, Maris. An "epidemic" of Adolescent Pregnancy? : Some Historical and Policy

Considerations. New York: Oxford UP, 1988. Print.

In this book, Maris Vinovskis discusses about adolescent pregnancy and the problem which arouses strong feelings. It discusses the growing matter as it affects the USA into a historical framework while discussing

the social and policy issues raised.

This book addresses points I am trying to make in my essay about the growing epidemic of teenage pregnancy and affects in society.

This is a credible source because Maris Vinovskis served as a consultant on population and adolescent
pregnancy issues in the U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare in the early 1980s. Vinovskis has published ten books, edited seven books, and written over 100 scholarly essays. He was a member of the

congressionally-mandated Independent Review Panels for Goals 2000 and No Child Left Behind. He has
received a Guggenheim fellowship and was elected to the National Academy of Education, the International Academy of Education, and President of the History of Education Society.
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Foster, Henry W. "A Model for Increasing Access: Teenage Pregnancy Prevention. "Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved. 1.1 (1990): 136-46. Print.

The United States of America takes the lead in the world in inappropriate teenage pregnancies which also leads to some educational and societal consequences. In this article it describes activities of the community-based I Have a Future Program (IHAF), built on the premise that changes in sex behavior must be pursued in a framework of enhancing self-esteem and presenting positive alternatives.

This article addresses some solutions that will assist in my prevent theory/methods for teenage pregnancy

prevention.
This is a credible source because Henry W. Foster, Jr., is a professor emeritus of obstetrics and gynecology and a former dean at Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee. In 1996, President Clinton appointed him Senior

Advisor on Teen Pregnancy Reduction and Youth Issues, serving also as a consultant to the Department of
Health and Human Services and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. He is the recipient of the
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National Medical Associations highest honorThe Scroll Merit Award.

Haldre, Kai, Kaja Rahu, Mati Rahu, and Helle Karro. "Individual and Familial Factors Associated with Teenage Pregnancy: an Interview Study. European Journal of Public Health. 19.3 (2009): 266-270. Print.

The main objective of this study was to examine whether pregnancy among 18 years old and younger girls were associated with selected individual (age at coitarche, score of sexual health knowledge, dislike of school) and family (mother's education) and family functioning (alcohol abuse in the family, parents acceptance of sexual

relationship) characteristics.
This interview study is a very unique method I can use to interpret the data in regards to the determinants of teenage pregnancy that can be addressed from social familial and individual level perspectives.

Oxford University Press (OUP) is a very credible source to use. OUP publishes the highest quality journals and
delivers this research to the widest possible audience. They have published over 300 journals in the humanities, social sciences, law, science, and medicine, two-thirds of which are published in partnership with learned and

professional societies.

Phipps-Yonas, Susan. "Teenage Pregnancy and Motherhood: a Review of the Literature." American Journal of Orthopsychiatry. 50.3 (1980): 403-431. Print.

In this article it is suggested that, while the typical teenage girl is biologically ready for motherhood, a complex set of social and psychological variables leads those least well-suited for the role into becoming teenage parents. The effectiveness of special programs for pregnant adolescents and their offspring is examined, and implications for policy and prevention are offered.

With this article I can conclude the information that was given with the interview I conducted. In my interview the young lady stated wait, wait, wait. Its best to wait to have a child when you are mature; financially,

physically, mentally, and emotionally ready.

This is a credible source written by Dr. Susan Phipps-Yonas is a clinical psychologist that wrote several journals. She teamed up with American Journal of Orthopsychiatry to produce this article. American Journal of

Orthopsychiatry is a journal of the American Psychological Association which is the largest scientific and
professional organization representing psychology in the United States. APA is the world's largest association of psychologists, with more than 134,000 researchers, educators, clinicians, and consultants.
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McCuen, Gary E. Children Having Children: Global Perspectives on Teenage Pregnancy. Hudson, Wis: Gary E. McCuen Publications, 1988. Print.

This book is a collection of essays presenting a variety of points of view on the topic of teenage pregnancy. It discusses global perspectives on adolescent pregnancy. Some examples of the views discussed are views of rates: rising vs. falling; sex education: if the system failed or not failing in schools; contraceptives and deceiving ourselves about sex.

I really love the fact that this book isnt bias. It breakdown views that blames society, but then also have a

view stating that its the individual. In my research process majority of the articles are about teenage
pregnancy amongst minorities or those that live in poverty. In this book it discusses the other view of this growing epidemic in wealthy places. This book provides a lot of key points that will fit perfect in my teenage

pregnancy cause and effect model.

This is an informative and credible source given by an amazing publisher Gary E. McCuen, who has one 175
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works in 232 publications in one language and 30,980 library holdings.

Works Cited Page

"Maris A. Vinovskis." The University of Michigan. Gerald R. Ford School of Public Policy, 2014. Web. 01 Mar. 2014. "Search UNC Charlotte Libraries and beyond." WorldCat: UNC Charlotte Libraries. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Mar. 2014. "Henry W. Foster, Jr." Henry W. Foster, Jr. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Mar. 2014. "About Us." Oxford Journals. N.p., 2014. Web. 01 Mar. 2014. "About APA." Http://www.apa.org. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Mar. 2014.