Histology

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

TESTES-SPERM PRODUCTION VIA MITOSIS AND MEIOSIS EPIDIDYMIS-STORAGE OF SPERM GENITAL DUCTS PENIS ACCESORY GLANDS-TO SUPPORT & TRANSPORT SPERM : SEMINAL VESSICLE PROSTATE BULBOURETHRAL

GLANDS

Bladder

Urothelium

Testes

Ducts of the testis and the ductus epididymis

Testes
VASCULATURE IS CRITICAL TO FUNCTION SPERM PRODUCTION ERECTION & TRANSMISSION OF SPERM TEMPERATURE REGULATION-MUST BE BELOW 37C CONNECTIVE TISSUE SYSTEM TUNICA VAGINALIS (OUTER), T. ALBUGINEA (MIDDLE) & T. VASCULOSA (INNER) MEDIASTINUM TESTES = CONNECTIVE TISSUE TO PROTECT BLOOD VESSELS, LYMPHATICS & GENITAL DUCTS LOBULES CONTAIN THE SEMINIFEROUS FOR SPERM PRODUCTION THESE LOBULES TERMINATE IN TUBULI RECTI TO RETE TESTIS

Testes

Tubulus seminiferus

Tubulus seminiferus
1.

2.

3.

DIFFERENT SPERMATOGENIC CELLS ARE INTERSPERSED WITH EPITHELIAL CELLS (SERTOLI) AT SPECIFICSITES GOVERNED BY SPECIFIC INTERCELULAR CONNECTIONS DEVELOPS IN CYCLES74 DAYS TO MATURATION TUNICA PROPRIA CONTAINS MYOID CELLS WHICH ARE SMOOTH MUSCLE LIKE AND USED FOR CONTRACTION OF PERISTALTIC TO MOVE SPERM SERTOLI CELLS TALL COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM SUPPORT (NURSE) CELLS FOR SPERM EXTENSIVE RER, GOLGI, LIPID, GLYCOGEN & INCLUSIONS INDICATE HIGH METABOLIC ACTIVITY SPECIFIC CELL-CELL INTERACTIONS IN UNIQUE TIGHT JUNCTIONS ALSO A CELL-SPERMATOCYTE JUNCTION=DESMOSOMAL LIKE

Tubulus Seminiferus

4.

5. 6.

7.

CELL-CELL ESTABLISHES THE BASAL AND LUMINAL COMPARTMENTS SPERMATOGONIA & PRIMARY SPERMATOCYTE CONFINED TO BASAL LAYER BY TIGHT JUNCTION WITH MEIOSIS & SPERMATOGENESIS MOVEMENT UPWORDS TOWARDS THE LUMINAL SURFACE INDICATES NURSE CELL FUNCTION AS IN OTHER SYSTEMS BASAL LAMINAE DEFINES BLOODTESTES BARRIER & BLOCKS CERTAIN MOLECULES SUCH AS Iggs BUT OTHERS OK LEYDIG CELLS LARGE ACIDOPHILIC (HARD TO SEE) WITH INCLUSIONS OF LIPID AND CRYSTALS OF REINKE STEROID SECRETING PROFILE FOR TESTOSTERONE IN OLD AGE MAY RESEMBLE FIBROBLASTS

Tubulus Seminiferus

 forms the blood-testis barrier Secrete two hormones - inhibin and activin - which provide positive and negative feedback on FSH secretion from the pituitary

Interstitial tissue
Leydig cells located in the interstitial tissue between the convoluted seminiferous tubules
constitute the endocrine component of the testis. synthesize and secrete testosterone.

occur in clusters, which are variable in size and richly supplied by capillaries.

Ducts of the Testis

DUCTUS EPIDIDYMIS
1.

2.

3.
A. B.

MATURATION OF SPERM PSEUDOSTRATIFIED EPITHELIUM WITH STEREO CILIA THAT CONTAINS PRINCIPAL CELLS AND BASAL CELLS FUNCTION
FLUID RESORBTION PHAGOCYTOSIS OF RESIDUAL BODIES FROM SPERM SECRETION OF GLYCOPROTEIN HIGH FRUCTOSE-RICH FLUID WITH GLYCERPHOSPHOCHOLINE, SIALIC ACID AND GP

C.

Ductus Epididymis

DUCTUS DEFERENS (VAS DEFERENS)

1. 2. 3. 4.

5.

APPEARANCE OF SMOOTH MUSCLE APICAL REGION NEAR EPIDIDYMIS DISTAL AT PROSTATIC URETHRA ENLARGES AT AMPULA, JOINTS THE DUCT OF SEMINAL VESICLE TO THE EJACULATORY DUCT PSEUDOSTRATIFIED EPITHELIUM WITH LOTS OF MUCOSAL INFOLDING

Ductus Defferens

SEMINAL VESICLES

The seminal vesicles develop from the vas deferens. Their histological organisation resembles to some extent that of the vas deferens PAIRED TUBULAR GLANDS IN MUSCULAR AND FIBROUS COAT SECRETES VISCUS FLUID FOR SPERM METABOLISM (FRUCTOSE), AMINO ACID, ASCORBATE (ANTIOXIDANT) AND PROSTAGLANDINS

Seminal Vesicles
The structure of the epithelium is variable appearing columnar or pseudostratified columnar (columnar cells and basal cells)

PROSTATE GLAND
A.

B.

C.
D.

LARGE TUBULO ALVEOLAR GLAND PROXIMAL TO URETHRA MUCOSAL LAYER SUBMUCOSAL LAYERGLANDS CANCER RISK-BENIGN HYPERTHROPHY

Prostate Gland

Prostate Gland

 A characteristic feature of the prostate is the appearance of corpora amylacea in the secretory alveoli. They are rounded eosinophilic bodies. Their average diameter is about 0.25 mm (up to 2 mm). Their number increases with age - in particular past 50. They may undergo calcification

BULBOURETHRAL GLANDS (COWPERS GLANDS)

SIMPLE MUCUS SECRETING SECRETES GALACTOSE, GALACTOSAMINE & SIALIC ACID MAJOR PORTION OF PRESEMINAL FLUID SEMEN=ALL PRODUCTS OF SECRETION FOR LUBRICATION, NUTRITION AND ENHANCEMENT OF FERTILIZATION

PENIS
A. B. C. D. E.

F.

CARRIES BOTH URINE AND SPERM ERECTILE TISSUE 2 DORSAL MASSES CORPORA CAVERNOSA AND 1 VENTRAL CORPORA SPONGIOSUM CT= TUNICA ALBUGINEA ERECTILE AND INCREASE PRESSURE (CONSTRICTION) OF VENOUS SYSTEM AUTONOMIC ACTIVITY CONTROLS BLOOD FLOW INTO CORPORA CAVERNOSA AND AV SHUNT (CONSTRICTION) 1. PARASYMPATHETIC INITIATES THE ERECTION 2. SYMPATHETIC RESPONSIBLE FOR EJACULATION 3. COMMONLY TERMED POINT AND SHOOT SOME CORTICAL CONTROL FANTASIES, STRESS