Chapter 9: Camera and Computer Arts

Photography
{Pho-:___________, -graph-:__________, Photography:________________________ }
Earliest Records of Photography: 5th Century BCE: China. ____________ noticed that light passing through a pinhole opening into a dark chamber produced an exact view of the world, upside down. 4th Century BCE: _____________ also noticed the same phenomenon. 14-17th Centuries/Renaissance: Invention of the ____________________. ____________________for dark room. Images were generally __________________ but recognizable. Creating a camera obscura is something that can be done as a______________________ ____________________. With the development of lenses in the ____________century, the camera obscura began to create more focused images and it became a drawing tool for artist of the day.

The Still Camera and Its Beginnings

____________________- The first practical photographic process. Invented by Jacques Louis Mande Daguerre and made public in 1839, it produced a single permanent image directly on a prepared copper plate.

Bearing Witness and Documenting

The first important conflict to be documented was the _____________________________. Around 1900, the first process for photomechanical reproduction-high speed printing of photographs along with type- came into being, and with it a new concept:__________________. ______________________ use their artistic skills to document.

Photography and Art

Photography was not always considered art, but photography eventually found its way both as an art and into art. The existing art that photography resembled most was _____________________. ______________________- A movement in which photographers used a variety of techniques to undercut the objectivity of the camera, producing gauzy, atmospheric images that seemed more painterly, and thus more like art. ______________________- An international art movement that emerged during World War I. Believing that society itself had gone mad, Dada refused to make sense or to provide any sort of aesthetic refuge or comfort. Instead, it created anti-art that emphasized absurdity, irrationality, chance, whimsy, irony, and childishness. Deliberately, shocking and provocative works, actions, and events were aimed at disrupting public complacency.

Film

The origins of Motion Pictures

The attempts to portray motion could only be imagined because we cannot freeze motion with the _________________. _____________________________placed a bet that the four legs of a horse are off the ground at some point while running. Horse Galloping, 1878 Eadweard Muybridge Published: _____________________________________ Cameras became faster Stop Motion Photography Continues Motion Real ______________of ____________: Retaining a visual image for a fraction longer than it is there. 24fps=Motion Film 1888: _____________________________introduced celluloid film which made it possible to string images together Fred Otts Sneeze Projection Problems French brothers: Lumiere built a working film ____________________. December, Paris 10 short films.

Exploring the Possibilities

With special effects, animation, and editing, the fundamental _____________________of film as a visual medium were identified and explored by the very first generation of filmmakers.

Film and Art

Film was hailed initially as a wonderful medium for creating popular entertainments and disseminating information. Yet from the beginning, there were people who claimed that, like photography, it could be practiced as an art. __________________-A director whose films are marked by a consistent, individual style, just as a traditional artists paintings or sculptures are.

Video
Video __________________a moving image into electronic signals and __________________ the image for display on a monitor. Preferred because it could be recorded and played back _____________________. _____________s digital video became available along with digitally stored video that could be projected. The ability to store video allowed for easier video __________________ on computers. Easier editing adding a _____________________, and created special effects.

_________________________: Video projects tell stories inspired by Sharhrnush Parsipur. These projects told the events, themes, and imagery.They can be found projected on the walls in museums and galleries.

The Internet
Creation, storage, and viewing all in one place. ____________________: interactive, allowing visitors to explore a space or influence images as they appear on the monitor. 3D Virtual Realities: _____________________ Machine Cinema: machinima is the recording of real time computer generated video which is then used as the basis for different films just like shooting live actors.