/.

:
' ()

*+, ) -

% ? ()

' () DE
#

K
3

&

@
0

FG ) /

/ /
)
.

www.nureldin.com

; = /
/%

2 '
5

>+
*+

3!

D(

% /

8 % -

%
)

)'

-2-

& 1

9(:

&

= >( '

&

%&

/0

) 5

. ;

80

A&) @

/ ' B @ : $ C D?

' 3 )

"#

# *

3 %

/0
)

0 D

*+,

/ %H#

#%

%4 $

/ /
/

D(

/%

'

HL

/ 0 D &L

( 1 =

&%

)5 9

! "

)
B

# $%

B D

9 %
* N &

; # /

/ ,

O(

.2

"#
' ()

"#

8D

D&

"

, &% ?

&

0%

: D3

5 '() ;
3

/ %

" (%

% >( /
; 4!

() :1%
.114 (3 2001

www.nureldin.com

&%(
)

3 8'
1

81

&

.3 0+ 0 - +N '()

'() 9 %

0 0+ 2

N >+

0# / ? () 9

8%D

3 %

(%

)?

1#L O % M

D/

L ,

B/

) ?
.

) *

B * 0# * , > +0 ?

&'

23%

' BD ;

"

)/ + /

/ 1 = P

/ !

? ' (

&

&'

.86 82
:# $
36
"
) *0 &/1 (* + ,
.74 5 6
/

-3-

, (- . /

/.

' ()

9+ ) / /

B ?

T #

' ?

.* 8U

3 %
/

, *
& #

'

() D

'

'

)B " &

/ $
%

/ '

/ P& @ ) /

*+, %

*+, %

&) '

www.nureldin.com

/0 +

)S

/)

+,

P &(

O%

= D*

' L

D%

&

$ L

%4 0

"#

80 P &

+L / +( / %H#
)

0%

()

1 =

/ 3 N&

H;

0%

0 '

/ %H# 7

%4

/ 9 #

0 '

D @ , B 80 , (

-4-

()/ @

.3 %

; = /

HL /

2 0 ' /
8 @2

' 9H B O % +0,

4 /0 >+ D

; = / %H#

D?

. B" (%

% B ' B $ $+

' B.

"

+0,

/ DV
)

! "

80

L / 3 %

:
7

&
%

D? % )

,
M &

:'

&'

U3 %

# 3)

'

# $%

0D

.@

& .

&

X & '
L

/0 '

= *+, / .+

:"

4
+, '

" 1 " 0. " [1

, 6qrDn

,
, 7AqHw

,
8

iqHw

L :

'% V

&) /

&

.46[43 D1996 3 ,
:> + 0

(Wb. III, 243: 2) Dxaw

dbH.tDdbH.w

>

D$ 2
/

D(Wb. IV, 369:3.) D sdbH

% D

Wb. V, 66: 7.I.

7
Wb. I, 22: 1.
8
Wb. I, 138: 10.

-5-

% :
80!

. ) #& *

www.nureldin.com

D'#
(0

(0 )

/.

, 9mjb.t

10

11

mtnj.t

D ! '
D ! #

mjnb

M+

P( & /)

, : D

/ '

13

iqnw12
P( & @
> ,
DSDAm.t DxbSj.t DxA DHmn Dmr
(0 ? )

aD

&#

O%

D !#

"

#%
'

$+
%( &

.HbS DHbA DHm DbA 8

:"2
14

sqA
:"

" [2

15

tm.t

Wb. II, 42: 9.

Wb. II, 44: 6.
11
Wb. II, 171: 2.
12
Wb. I, 140: 3.
13
Wb. I, 238: 6.
14
Wb. IV, 316:1.
15
Wb. V, 301: 3.
10

www.nureldin.com

-6-

4 " 1"

" 33

! "

# $%

X & ' #( L

0 !

16

,
: 0

+ /

Asx

&'

:"54

" [4
2

: 8

' @

17

Asx

:18 0

'

wxs, ws4, ws5

.

20

XAb ' , D

'

19

mA

( '

X&L
'

@ %
$ L

> ,

:"6 7 " 35
, 21abw

16

Wb. I, 19: 10.

Wb. I, 19: 11.
18
Wb. I, 19: 10, 4.
19
Wb. II, 6: 1.
20
Wb. III, 361: 12.
21
Wb. I, 176: 11.
17

www.nureldin.com

-7-

/.

:'

:"5

9 " 1 "58
" L

" [6

" /)

22

, mrx
23

, nQr

24

,
,

Xnm.t
25

SXnk.t

, 26Dar
27

wHA
: 0 = *+ -

28

" L "

# /)

mfx
29

mnT

:"5:

22

Wb. II, 112:8.

Wb. II, 344:7.
24
Wb. III, 382:3, I, II, III.
25
Wb. IV, 270:5, I, II,.
26
Wb. V, 541:1.
27
Wb. I, 346: 11.
28
Wb. II, 55: 8.
29
Wb. II, 91: 11.
23

www.nureldin.com

-8-

" 37

! "

# $%

&'

30
,
,
mnDm
33
32
31
D nb.t D mSd.t D mS.tj : =
%(&
>+ 0
39
37
36
. dnj.t D38txbS.t D tm.w D kbS D35Xnm.t D34Htp

:"' <
,

30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40

, 40ini

Wb. II, 93: 4.

Wb. II, 151.
Wb. II, 152.
Wb. II, 227.
Wb. III, 195.
Wb. III, 382.
Wb. V, 118.
Wb. V, 310.
Wb. V, 326.
Wb. V, 467.
Wb. I, 93: 5.

www.nureldin.com

-9-

1 ;5

" 38

/.

:5:9
<=

= ;)
,

7 +

89: ;

1* /

&1 ; >

'

@>

? => 3= <E"

1 ; 0

/1 ?/:

A " B & CD: 3 "/*

1/&
.

89=: 3 "/*= =, ) < =&

B

3 "/=*
"/*=

=>/

I =*

&1 H

: /"

1E& J * H

& > &

C K

?&+

: /"

= & K 3 "/=* & ,/ /

* 1 , "/*

3 L+ 1 ?

=G

>

;) 89:

< &

>' ;/

3 "/* &
;/ / 3

J *

, 9" 3 "/* '

=: F

& H
> *& ;I &

GH
"

3 C

* ? 1 ;/ ?

= ;=) ? "/* '

.

&

,G /

7&
&

? + ?++

,/ & L 3 M

< &
. : /" 3 G

7= & 3 "/* & N

;=

www.nureldin.com

"/

;)

;
* 1

- 10 -

/3

OPQ 1R/

1E &
"

" ?

! "

B =+

# $%

1E+

3 G + : /"

9K

9*
<*

, ;

&'

1 .........

:
B =>
// E S
7 0 ? 1
= K/
= : = ? 1 > . 9E ;/ / ? /*
= 1 3, = =1 3= (?" ) T &
) ,E 9" ;
0
$ 3,
1 ;/ , F G ; /
1/ + 1
=
$
U U 9" 7 0
/ + ;/ ?'
) ,/
7 0 H = < &
& $M
&/ . , )
,* )
;=>K/ 7 0 H / 3 #+ $ < &
&/ - < G ; - # & G
*
.? & ;/ < & ,/& /
!" ; = A =" 5
& T /; 5 E 1
=' & = 9
=&
= " 3 10 3 $ # :'
)"
=1 V (/ ?
&
&
9:
=* = $ M
$A &
U/ * () 3,
- U/ * 3, 1
() J+W E/ N 3/
- 6 &
' 3, & F .U ; ,
$ & >* & U:/1& , /&
J ,/
& ;
3, D& 3
&
1
&U
U*$
(=) 3// ? 1 7 0
() < &
J &/
=1
=&
@ ) */ (/ 5 " >* & ; 0
T > 3 / 1 F "$
$ ;) > *0 3, D& G
$ ,' *
1 T>
I * U: "
U &/ ) < & 7 && M&1 8
G
"
# $%
& ' (" :U &
& 6
= +&
"
/*
1
;) " )
T=> /
G
>* & 3// ? 1)
$ .5 "
= 3*='
3/ 1
* X &1
;- ?&
* U&
*=
= #
3 ()
>& B
3 *'$
= >& / % " ; - ,) >- ; &/ H & & / 3
T /? 1
www.nureldin.com

- 11 -

/.

C =/ H= ;= - , /
@ )3
T / 3 & & ,>*
@ =) /*=/ 3 & 5
5 G () ,/
; /N
<= '
S *) 1
G
1 I ; 7& , &
3/=
C
C
S
H &
$? *
*= ;= @ /
1 F "$
?
>* &
@ )
/
@ */ ;
&
I>/ < &
/ (/
U=/ /
=&
1 () M T G 0 N 3/
Y) G
M
&
:/
( < E H9 ? 1 E N ; - 3, &*
= J *=
=G ,& 3
/
N (/ < &
F =,& ) = 3 < & & I 9 ' *
&E" 8 $ >* &
(/ 8 0 () < &
: # & M >' */ ) J , ; - < & &
=
( , "$ @ ) ,& 3 F "$
N (/ . ,
/
< &
/ * // ;/ T&
& L >* & < &
& L
.
= <
; - C 1$ () N
&< &
/
1X
&
(:
, &
- 3//"/
T
= ()
&' S 3 1$ 1 "0 T
</ 11
9= $ ;=) / $ * " (
; - T:/ (> " J &
J =
=
=
3* @ >
, 1
/)
="0 G
C / ;/
K
/ F "$ /) , :*$ ;)
=' 7 =K , ; :* < & S/: < &
, = & < G ;- ?
)
() T
>/
/
(=) +- &> 3/ + 0
N /E 5 * , S& $ 7 &
B = < = 0 => " T
=
- &1 B
. , 1 (/ (
0 B */ 59/" & 5 /" 1) K

www.nureldin.com

- 12 -

! "

# $%

- "

>4

.........

:
? (8

O % $+

Q%

()

)5 4B

% D;
(

/ 3

) 90

& 2 ' @H8 . (

/0 ;

&'
/ *

% ?( %

. L ' %

www.nureldin.com

/0

%(

& ? () Q(

.' %

D)

0@

&

.9;

/)

3 %' ,,

( DaH#( $ L 3 &
/ 4

"

. &
1

- 13 -

/ ? &% ? 1

% *

2 '#b %

4 3 & *+, 8 /0

)
1 =

- ,

3 80 /

/)

, /

&%

% /= D3

D9

3 %'

3 %'

&%

X &(

=D 2

, aH# / 0

$ &

'

aH# 1

) $+ / ? 1

0 aH# 3 % /! /

Q , B/

" =:.

& 2` $ #

, aH# / 0

=:.

$ &

&'

'()

9H (

P &# $
'
80

D #

9,+
9+

/.

%& #

# / '

/0 ?

2 '() / 0 ? ' B 9

'

* 0 '

.? 1
@

9 %

> ( / 0 @)
%

$+
)

.Q % ?

9 ) ,

/ '() 2
.>(

'

L' / (

/ ' B

(;

D9;

% ?

= /! " / )

% ' ()

D 8e '()=

/ %H# / +L!

9;

= +LC ?

9 % 1 +L! / %H#
)

0 '!

LU .

&2

D"

c &

$+ 9
/

41

" () &%

D = -

D"( LU)

() &% /! 3

* & $+

5 XL

9 % 9(

% ',

&%

` / %H# ' B / ,+ / +

' ! 8 .>(
L

0 /+

% >(

" "'

>+

'(&% / 9)H / O %

/ 0 $+

S Q% ?

:?

? )

/0

+, /

( '() -H

/ %H# 1 '() ( /

aH#

4 '

. ( / @ % ? ()
'

0= c= / 0 / L= &2 '

> , . H:

' B +,

& 3

' /

>+

"
&
0

? S 3 N&

% D* ) /

41

.550 D2004

www.nureldin.com

- 14 -

! "

# $%

:=:.
"=: "

(0 '()
0

&

= /
) > +0

N(

44

'

& .
(0

0'

aH # "

&

&'

42

sxty ',

wja 8 D43 iHwty [aHwty

.3 L!

:
1 = 9% & " & @

B 1 = 9% & ?

/0 ? $ 2
%? L

'B

, &%

5 'B
0 $+

-4C ? %

42

0%

' 9 % /

www.nureldin.com

- 15 -

2/ ,

80 ' 0

-4C, / 0

' %

'() " & $+ aH#(

1

"

A. H. Gardiner, Egyptian Grammer, (Oxford, 1974), 591.

A. H. Gardiner, Egyptian Grammer, 588.
44
W. ERICHSEN, DEMOTISCHES GLOSSAR, 79.
43

aH# / 0

.9 % / ?

/)

@?

/ ? ) 9 0 / 0 ,@

% ' / (

B?

0 1 = )

3 ) ? X&L / 0 ,@H8

/0 ,

' Q% ? / 0 @

) ,

= 9

=:.-

&%

N&

0@ %

% /

'B

/.

)/

+B .

9 0

"

O% /

3 2/ @

0%

0 &L 7

'

h & &%
D3

3!

' 0 (
$

$ +

0(
0

0
)

.9 %

( / /
(

D, &

0 '() '

(
5

& & LB / / 0 O % D

2 '
D

- 16 -

,-4 /

/ ,H

#(L ' '

5 8 %

9&

/ 0 0 D3 N&

&HLB
%

'()

/ ? /

&) a

'()

, H /) 7
,

, +,

0 )

1 = /

/0

= 1 / 0

0+ 2 D/ 0

www.nureldin.com

&

0(

()>

= aH#

'0(

()/

(0

> + / 4B D

% , +, / 0

. %

d &L
'

/)

/ > H D

"

) #

3!

)/ ? /

/ / 8B 9 , ' B

')

' () 0

0%

= /

'# D

Q(

4
/ 0
> +0

,5

$ 0 $ X%

! "

# $%

.? #

O%

'

P;

j " (L

* N ,

' () ?

D*

. B 5B

FB

B "

= B< 7D

;I B

; B ,

9 0 ?

0 3 8

54

/ *0

"

'

" " -K & )" :

4 5:K,

;>-

54
-

+ D
2 @2

* %

() $+

' .<1 @?

4 &L @
( @

www.nureldin.com

,
*

>

780

'

8 ' @%
- 17 -

-9 A

J< C
4

;F ?

I? 1

1E

'4

&

"

." > -K < L 7 "

/
(

1"

<
,

;' 4

;58

:
,

,5 9

=:. 5

'

'

8 ? % aH# '()

4 D? ()

) 8G - H

/ 3 & ',

- ,"

?! 4 ?0

P2 %

0+ "/

" -K L )

MB

;E

- =

% , & aH# 3

.7BD ( =:.- 5

9;

51 ( ;

:?

&'

&

* %
)

)
(

+, * %

5 'B
* +L B

/.

'()

$ &

+, / 0 , 0
/!

& )

'()

U /
)

&%

www.nureldin.com

( ?(&

5 'B /

"/ " 9&L

# . $ L=

3 N& P +

+L 2 D

U 'B

% P +
8 %

' =

D (%

j 'B

& /

H8

U?

>+

/ 8 0 '() ' "O

- 18 -

'B *

0 * &% 3 0 ?

5 'B 0
8

? )
HL /

4 # %4

0 /

9 %
"

&

5 'B 0

. &%(

S0

! "

/ ?

4B
Q

) ,

- '()

' B

? L

3H

- /

- 5

,B /B @

1 'B & 7
7 L

/) " 0
www.nureldin.com
12345 6789: 6;7<=>?45 6;@<A45

+; )

/ 0 2

'B

"

"

( @ &

/ 0

+0, * ( M+

3 % '()
- 19 -

9 L
-

/; > +0 ,

>(

0 7 #

.>

/0 Q

"
> , /0

( % &

2 + *

L ; 2 /) 3 ) ,

L=

'&2

/0

&

.+

&

9&

2 /

>

&

>

: '% 7
#

# - /B > + ?

*+, Q

()

5D

% /

"

/ 3 &2 3 #

#0 / N

4 M+

&'

2 + M &

4B

/ N
.

( % &

@ ;2

/0 ? )

'() ?

&

9+

'() -

- /B

# $%

/B 4B

/.

'B

/0
/

', 3

1 = P
8

2Q

/) 38

0 . 80

/) 1 %

) &

2 80

% &

,4

4 %'

+,

9&

M+ -

Q( @

9&

"

' B

"

9&
.>

/
' , 3

"

&

/ @ ;2

/ 0 2 %

( @ & / 0

/;

> +0 ,

) &

www.nureldin.com

4 %'

3 % '()
M+ +, / 0

- 20 -

? L

+; ) L

> , /0

,4

)
3

9 L / 1

/0
2 + *

/) 9%

=:.

+0, * ( M+ "

.+

L ; 2 /) 3 ) ,
8

5D

L=

280

/ . L 3 N&

1 'B & 7

4 M+

()

/) 9%

. ;

:N

/B 4B

(
(

0 7#
; $
&

/) " 0

'B

1 = P

/) 38

! "

0 .

# $%

80

. ;

www.nureldin.com

9&

2 80

9&

Q( @
3

280
5/ 8

/ . L 3 N& 3 2 Q

- 21 -

&'

/) 1 %

/.

@4
3: P "Q

D/ &

):

- 2 )

)'

DH

.3 ,
D32 B
D3 ,
D/ &

D'(L

84

) &

& '
%

.3 ,

D/ &
.1972 D3 ,

www.nureldin.com

'

B
:

. .1
0

3 % D

)O 8 /

D &

.2
2

M ? .3
(1988 D3 , )

1 4 D!

"

.4

.(1974

<K L-

.5
(1975 D3 , )

.(1951 D3 , ) D 8"[1 /
.(1968 D3 , ) D/ &

%( DN K

& ' aH#

)D

.1991D 3 ,

)/ 8 /

" @4

4 " DN C

- 2 )
- 2 )
D

3 8 D R

.7

% 3 8 ;______ .8
$ &

- 22 -

.6

"

;______ .9

! "

# $%

3:
(%

' %

& '

&% D

.(

/)

)9 4

L .+

D .

). . :"

+
D3

BD

& '

2 +

'

.(/ (%
& ' 3

H ) Dl 9

' () l 9

'%

D8 %

(0 D/

8j

8 5

.. "

'%

BD

) D 8j

/
T

B4

). . "

B D3

;')

www.nureldin.com

)
.(

"%
-

4j

$ &

- 23 -

.12

8j '

(0 D$
75
)

= ;

" 4 ;F

(0

.13

,King Dom"

. (1989 D 3 ,

& '

&)

&

&

"Egyptian Agricultural life in The New D

0 P &

.11

29 j

.(1994 D3 ,
/

> 4 .10

'() 3 &

&)

-" 5D

NC

N D

,8 %

&'

"%

84

- M -

')

- ) ;( " V(

(0 D
.14

HL

/.

4X @4

Adams,Barbara, Ancient Nekhen . Garstang in the city of

Hierakonpolis, New Malden ,1995.
Blackmain , W., S., "some further notes on harvesting scene" ,
in: JEA,19, 1933 .
Bunson , Margarete , A Dictionary of Ancient Egypt , New
York , Oxford , 1995 .
Endesfelder , E. , "Zur Frage
der Bewaesserung
pharaonischen Aegypten" , ZAS , 106, 1969.

in

Eyre , Christopher J., The Agriculture cycle , Farming & Water,

Mangement in The Near East .
Hartmann , F., L'Agriculture dans L'Ancienne Egypte , Paris ,
1923.
Keimer, L., "Agriculture in Ancient Egypt" , in: AJSL 42,1926.
Paice, Patricia , The Middle Bronze Age, Second Intermediate
period Hauses at Tel el- Maskuta in : Haus und palast im
Alten Aegypten .
Parain, Ch., "L'Agriculture dans L'Ancienne, Egypte, in: Revue
des Etudes Semitiques 2 , Juin , 1934 , III XII .
Paul, Nicholson & Ian,Shaw , Ancient Egyptian Materials &
Technology , campridge, 2000.
Petrie,W.M.F.,"The Cultivators and Their Land". In: AE, 1925.
Vandier,J.,"Bas-Reliefs et Pentures Scenes dela vie Agricole a
L'Ancien et au Moyen Empire" , in: MAE VI , 1978.
Wolfgang , H.,& Eberhard , O., Lexikon der Aegyptologie,
volum1-vII, Wiesbaden, 1975-1986.
www.nureldin.com

- 24 -