MESOAMERICA

2.5 MILLION 1000 B.C.E.

SPREAD OF CIVILIZATION
Earliest humans traveled to the Americas from Russia

15,000 years ago.

They traveled through a piece of land connected to alaska

called Beringia.
Civilization didnt establish until c.1200 BCE in

Mesoamerica.

THE CLASSICAL PERIOD (1000 B.C.E500 C.E.

EARLIEST CIVILIZATION: OLMECS

P Olmecs (First Civilization in Mesoamerica) Disappeared without trace around 400 c.e. Set steps for later civilizations Domesticated animals: Turkeys, Dogs, Guiana Pigs Food: Corn, Strawberries Religious Structures Human Sculptures Precious Minerals (Jade) Advance Calendars No Written Language No Interaction No Influence E R C

OTHER CIVILIZATIONS
Aztecs gain power in valleys of Mexico in the end of this time

period.
Mayan Society began to develop as well around 400 C.E

POST CLASSICAL MESOAMERICA 1000-1500 C.E.

POLITICS
Aztecs Aztecs ( Mexico valleys) Nezhualcoyotl (King of Texoco) Also called Mexicas Founded Tenochtitlan Flower Wars Militarisitc Calpulli City States Mayas City States Kingships Not a unified empire Tikal

ECONOMY
Aztecs Chinampas (Agriculture Method) Pochteca ( Merchant Class) Periodic Markets Cacoa Beans as Currency Mayas No Currency Barter System Obsidian was valued

RELIGION
Aztecs Differed gods of elements Tlaloc ( God of Rain) worshipped by farmers Huitzilopochtli (Aztec Tribal Pattern) Polytheisim Nezhualcoyotl wrote lord of the close vicinity (monotheism) Human Sacrifice Sacred Water or Blood was precious Mayas Worship of Gods of Elements Polytheism Calanders Human Sacrifice Science and Religion were same

CULTURE
Aztecs Human Sacrifice Militaristic Society Patriarchal Very less technology Metates Tlaxcala Pyramids with steep stairs Mayas Human Sacrifices Patriarchal Pyramids with steep stairs

INTERACTION
Aztecs Spanish Mayas Mayas Aztecs Costal nomads

EARLY MODERN TIME PERIOD

POLITICS
Hispaniola Mexico City Moctezuma II Hernan Cortes Encomiendas Haciendas Economic Imperialism Iberians Letrados Council of Indies Viceroyalties Audiencias Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz

ECONOMICS
Encomiendas Haciendas Spanish Goods Sugar Salt Gold and Silver Hunting Slavery

RELIGION
Christian

Native Ploytheism
Bartolome de Las Casas

CULTURE
Introduction of Spanish Ways of Living Colonies Sociedad de castas Patriarchal

INTERACTIONS
Europe South America Interaction of Iberians and Indians Slave trade of Africa

INDUSTRIAL AGE

POLITICS
Father Miguel de Hidalgo (Starter of the Revolution) Augustin de Iturbide (Creole Officer who became emperor of Mexico) Monroe Doctrine Auguste Comte Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (US aquires of mexico territory) Manifest Destiny Mexican-American War (war due to distrust in US and Mexico) Maximilian voon Habsurg (Later king of Mexico Benito Juarez (Aimed for a secular society in mexico)

ECONOMY
Cientificos (Scientific approach on national economy) Strikes and Labors increasaed due to change in economy Panama Canal attracts immigrants Industrialization Mining Juarez led to Mexicos growth The Great Boom

RELIGION
Christianity gains power Roman Cathlocisim Some protestantism

CULTURE
Lower class women had economic freedom Women still had less rights Public Education Society of Class was removed Term indian considered as insult

INTERACTION
Panama Canal attracts immigrants from all over the world USA Spain Portugal Europe