Sistem saraf pusat (SSP)

OTAK & MEDULLA SPINALIS

2. SISTEM SARAF TEPI
(SST)
12 NERVI CRANIALES &
31 NERVI SPINALES
Sistem saraf pusat dan tepi
SSP dalam rongga tubuh dorsal
Sistem saraf pusat (SSP)
OTAK & MEDULLA SPINALIS
1. Cranium : Calvaria & Basis cranii
Basis cranii: Fossa cranii ant., media, post.

2. MENINGES:
DURAMATER, ARACHNOIDEAMATER, PIAMATER
Spatium epidural, sub dural,sub arachnoid, intracerebri
Spatium epidural, subdural, subarachnoid

Duramater:
falx cerebri, falx cerebelli, tentorium cerebelli

Tentorium cerebelli

Sinus sagittalis superior, s.s. inferior, s. rectus
s. transversus, s.sigmoideus
Arachnoidea mater, pia mater
3. OTAK:
Cerebrum, cerebellum, batang otak
Cerebrum, cerebellum, batang otak

3.1 CEREBRUM
hemisfer dextra fissura longitudinalis-hemisfer
sinistra
Corpus callosum
Corpus callosum

LOBUS:
l. frontalis-s.centralis- l.parietalis - s.parietooccipitalis-
l.occipitalis- s.lateralis- l. temporalis
LOBUS INSULAE
Sulcus, gyrus,substantia grisea, s.alba
SUBSTANTIA GRISEA: KORTEKS


Sistem limbic
thalamus
3.2 CEREBELLUM:
hemisfer dextra vermis - sinistra
Cerebellum:
hemisfer dextra-vermis-h. sinistra
3.3 BATANG OTAK :
MESENCEPHALON, PONS, MEDULLA OBLONGATA
4. SISTEM VENTRIKEL
v.lateralis (2cornu frontalis, 2cornu temporalis, 2cornu occipitalis),
1 v.tertius, 1 v. quartus
Sistem ventrikel
Perjalanan Liquor Cerebro Spinalis
(LCS):
ventriculus Lateralis foramen interventricularis
Monroe
ventriculus Tertius aquaducus cerebri Sylvius
ventriculus Quartus


# foramen Magendi & Luscha
ruang sub
arachnoid

# canalis centralis ruang
sub arachnoid

Granulationes
arachnoidea




Granulationes Arachnoidea Sinus sagittalis superior
aliran sistem sinus / perjalanan darah vena menuju jantung

LIQUOR CEREBRO SPINALIS
tella choroidea plexus choroideus vent. Lat, Quart
Ventrikel melebar: hydrocephalus
bendungan aliran LCS:
- o.k obstruksi saluran sistem ventrikel (dalam/luar dinding saluran)
- o.k obstruksi granulationes arachnoidea / sistem sinus
Fg14_06.jpg
Fg14_06.jpg
Review: Hydrocephalus pada anak < 18 -24 belum menutupnya
fontanella anterior & posterior
ALIRAN DARAH VENA DALAM SISTEM SINUS:

Sinus sagittalis superior confluen sinuum
sinus sagittalis inferior sinus rectus confluen sinuum
sinus occipitalis confluen sinuum/ vena vertebralis


CONFLUENS SINUUM SINUS TRANSFERSUS SINUS SIGMOIDEUS
BULBUS SUPERIOR VENA JUGULARIS INTERNA

EKSTRA CRANIUM:


VENA JUGULARIS INTERNA VENA BRACHIOCEPHALICA VENA
CAVA SUPERIOR ATRIUM KANAN
Parameter SPACE Occupyuing Lesion (SOL) / proses desak ruang
: adakah midline shift?

Struktur di linea mediana: tulang: crista galli parenkim otak: septum
pellucidum
Struktur di linea mediana: fissura longitudinalis,
septum pellucidum, ventrikel tertius, aquaductus
mesencephalicus
DECUSSATIO PYRAMIDALIS
DECUSSATIO PYRAMIDALIS

Sistem saraf pusat (SSP)
MEDULLA SPINALIS


Medulla spinalis
Fg13_01.jpg
SEGMEN:
CERVICALIS- 8, THORACALIS-12,LUMBALIS-5,
SACRALIS-5,COCCYGEUS-1
FIGURE 13-1 Gross Anatomy of the Adult Spinal Cord.
(b) Inferior views of cross sections through representative segments of the spinal cord, showing the
arrangement of gray matter and white matter.

L1-2: Conus
medullaris

fillum terminalis


L3: cauda
equina
Mielografi daerah cauda equina (caudografi)
FIGURE 13-2 The Spinal Cord and Spinal Meninges.
(a) A posterior view of the spinal cord, showing the meningeal layers, superficial landmarks, and the
distribution of gray matter and white matter.
FIGURE 13-2 The Spinal Cord and Spinal Meninges.
(b) A sectional view through the spinal cord and meninges, showing the peripheral distribution of
spinal nerves.
Fraktur kompresi vertebra e.c
ARTRITIS TUBERKULOSA
FIGURE 13-5 The Sectional Organization of the Spinal Cord.
(a) The left half of this sectional view shows important anatomical landmarks and the major regions of
white matter in the posterior white column. The right half indicates the functional organization of the
nuclei in the anterior, lateral, and posterior gray horns.
FIGURE 13-5 The Sectional Organization of the Spinal Cord.
(b) A micrograph of a section through the spinal cord, showing major landmarks; compare with (a).