Upthrust and Viscosity

Density
Density, is defined as the mass per unit volume. It is measured in
Kgm
-3
.
Density: Mass per unit volume
Upthrust
A fluid will exert a force upward on a body if it is partly or wholly
submerged within it. This is because the deeper into a fluid you go, the greater
the weight of it and so the greater the pressure. This difference in pressure
between the top and the bottom of the object produces an upward force on it.
This is called Upthrust.
According to Archimedes' Principle, the upthrust on an object in a fluid is
eual to the weight of the fluid displaced. !o the volume of the object
multiplied by the density of the fluid.
Viscosity
In a fluid, each "layer" experts a force of friction of each other "layer". This
frictional force is also present when solid obect moves through a liuid. This
force is termed Viscous Drag. #iscous $rag is greater in !urbulent "low
than #aminar "low.
The si%e of the #iscous $rag in a fluid depends on the &coefficient of'
Viscosity of that fluid. #iscosity is given the letter $ and is measured in Kgm
-
%
s or Pa s. The greater the #iscosity, the greater the #iscous $rag.
In most li&uids, Viscosity decreases as temperature increases, whereas in
most gases, Viscosity increases as temperature increases. It is therefore
important to always measure the temperature of a fluid when measuring
#iscosity.
It is possible to calculate the drag force exerted on a spherical object in a fluid
using 'to(e's #aw:
Upthrust ) *eight of "luid Displaced
" ) +,$r-
'to(e's #aw assumes #aminar "low, and so low -elocities.
In this euation, v represents !erminal Velocity. This means that the forces
acting on the obect are balanced. This means that is it possible to form an
euation be euating *eight with Upthrust and Viscous Drag &or, in the
case of (pward Motion, (pthrust with )eight and #iscous $rag'.