When the tongue is involved you can mark the transition between phonemes.

Stop gap: Varies between 0-150 ms. Word initial is strongest.

Release, burst:
Labial: Low frequency (600-800)
Alveolar: High frequency (~4000)
Velar: Energy varies with vowel (1300-2500)

Vowel transition:
Duration around 50 ms.
Transition longer after voiceless consonants.

Aspiration: /n/ like noise created at the glottis.

Fricative consonants:
Created by a narrow constriction in the vocal tract. The constriction causes turbulence in the air flow.
Fricatives require more air flow than plosives.
Duration up to 200 ms.
Frequency bandwidths of fricatives are narrower than frequency bandwidths for plosives.

Voicing contrast:
Voiceless fricatives are longer in duration.
Voiced fricatives have greater intensity.
Voiced consonants have longer preceding vowels.

Sibilant fricatives: /s/, //, //, and /z/
Have greater energy peaks than other fricatives because of the boundary created the noise. (Teeth is the boundary).

//: Lowest amplitude sound we make in English.

Vowel transitions: Duration ~75 ms. These are longer than those for plosives. /n/ frequently has no transition time.

Two palatal sounds // and // are often included in the sibilants.

Formant transitions are longer than plosives and shorter than fricatives (50-75 ms).

Sonorant consonants: Vocal tract is relatively open.

Glides: /w/ and /j/.
Relatively fast movement creates the noise.
In English, these sounds only cv(?) never vc(?)
Vowel transitions (75-120 ms)
/j/= Low frequency F
1
that moves upward. High frequency F
2
about 2500 Hz that moves downward.
Liquids: /r/ and /l/.
Complex tongue positions.
Multiple positions for both sounds.
/r/ involves multiple tongue shapes.
/l/ moves with vowel.
Syllable context:
/r/ is typically prevocalic, cv(?)
/l/ is either pre- or post-vocalic, cv or vc(?)
/l/ separates air flow.