Chapter 15

Time and Work
Rule 1
Theorem: If M , persons can do Wi works in D, days and
M2 persons can do W2 works in D2 days then we have a
very general formula in the relationship of
MlDlW2 = M2D2WX.
I l l ust rat i ve Examples
Ex. 1: 16 mencandoapieceof work in 10days. How many
men areneededtocompletethework in 40days?
Soln: Detail Method: Todoawork in10days, 16 menare
needed, or, todothework in1 day, 16 x 10menare
16x10
40
needed. Sotodothework in40days,
men areneeded.
Quicker Method: MXD{W2 = M2D2Wl
M , =16, Z), =10, Wt =1 and
Mj =7, D2 =40, W2 =1
Thus, fromMXD,W2 =M2D2WX
16xlO =M 2 x40
,V 1 6 X 1 0 A
or, M2 = 71 - 4 men.
40
Ex. 2: 40mencancut 60treesin8 hours. I f 8 menleavethe
j ob, how many treeswill becut in12 hours?
Soln: Detail Method:
40 men- working8 hrs- cut 60trees
or, 1 men- working 1 hr - cuts
60
trees
Thus, 32 men- working 12 hrs- cut
40x8
60x32x12
=72
40x8
trees.
Quicker Method:
U - 40, >, =8 (asdaysandhrsbothdenotetime)
Wx =60 (cuttingof treesistakenaswork)
M2 =40-8 =32, D2 =\2,W2 =?
Putting thevaluesintheformula,
MXD,W2 = M2D2WX
Wehave,40x8x w2 =32x 12x60
32x12x60
or, W2
40x8
=72 trees.
Ex . 3 : A candoapieceof work in5days. How many days
will hetaketocomplete3 worksof thesametype?
Soln: Quicker Method:
M,DXW2= M2D2W,
As 'A' istheonly persontodothework inboththe
cases, so M , =M2 = 1 (Uselesstocarry it)
>, =5 days, Wl =1, D2 =? and W2 =3
Putting thevaluesintheformulawehave,
5x3 =D2 xl or, D2 =15days.
Exerci se
1. 8 mencandoapieceof work in 5days. How many men
areneededtocompletethework in10days?
a) 8 men b)4men c)2men d) Noneof these
2. 15 mencandoapieceof work in 6 days. How many men
areneededtocompletethework in3 days?
a) 30 men b) 25 men c) 35 men d) 40 men
3. 20men cancut 30treesin4 hours. I f 4men leavethej ob,
how many treeswill becut in6 hours?
a) 30trees b) 36 trees c) 40 trees d) Noneof these
4. 10 men cancut15 treesin2 hours. I f 2 menleavethej ob,
how many treeswill becut in3 hours?
a) 15 trees b) 20trees c) 16 trees d) 18 trees
5. A candoapieceof work in 6 days. How many dayswill
hetaketocomplete2 worksof thesametype?
a) 12 days b) 10days c)6 days d)3 days
Answers
l.c a 3.b 4.d 5. a
360
Rule 2
Theorem: If M] persons can do Wx works in >, days work-
ing Tt hours a day and M2 persons can do W2 works in
D, days working T2 hours a day then we have a very gen-
eral formula in the relationship of MlDlTyW1 = M2D2T2Wr
Il l ustrati ve Example
Ex: 5mencanprepare10 toysin 6 daysworking 6 hours
aday. Theninhow many dayscan12menprepare16
toysworking 8hrsaday?
Soln: Byusing theabovetheorem
5x6x6xl 6 =12xD2x8xl 0
5x6x6x16 , ,
.. ), = =3 days
12x8x10
Note: Number of toysisconsideredaswork intheabove
example.
Exercise
1. Thework doneby awomanin8hoursisequal to the
work doneby amanin 6 hoursandby aboy in12 hours.
I f working6 hoursper day9 mencancompleteawork-in
6 daysthenin/how many dayscan12men, 12women
and 12boystogether finish thesamework working 8
hoursper day?
I , , 2 t L Q . ^i HXV I t,
a) 1days b) 3 days c) 3 days d) 1 days
(BSRBPatnaPO-2001)
2. 10 men canprepare20 toysin3 daysworking 12 hoursa
day. theninhow many dayscan24_menprepare32toys
working 4hrsaday?
a) 2days b) 3 days" c) 4days days
3. 20 mencanprepare40 toysin 24daysworking 18 hours
aday. Theninhow many dayscan36 menprepare48
toysworking 16 hrsaday?
a) 16 days b) 12days c) 21 days d) 18days
Answers
1. d; Hint: 8Women=6Men=12Boys
J 2M +,12^+12^=42A/+A/+6M=27M
Now, applying theaboveformula, wehave
9*6* 6 =27 *8-x' D2
9x6x6 1 / s
t 2 27 x j 2Q a y S
2. a\d
Rule 3
Theorem: If A and B can do a piece of work in x days, B
andCinydays,CandAinzdays,then(A+B + C) working
together will do the same work in
2xyz
xy + yz + xz
days
PRACTICE BOOK ON QUI CKER MATHS
Let
2xyz
xy + yz + xz
be 'r'then
'A' alone will do the same work in
2xyz
f \
y-r
days or
xy + yz-zx,
days,
B' alone will do the same work in
2xyz
days and
^yz + zx-jcy_) *
C alone will do the same work in
2xyz
days or
xr
x-r
days or
xz + xy-^z-
days.
Ex: A andB cando api^ctof work in12 days, B andC in
15days, C andA in20 days. How long wouldeach
takeseparately to do thesamework?
Soln: Using theabovetheorem,
r =
2x12x15x20
12x15 +12x20 +15x20
=10 days.
10x15
Now, A cando thework in =30 days.
10x20
B cando thework in =20 days.
C cando thework in
20-10
10x12
12-10
=60 days.
Exercise
1. A andB canfinish apieceof work in 3 0 days, B andC in
40 dayswhileC andA in60 days. How longwi ll they
taketofinish it together?
2 2
a) 26- daysb) 16 - daysc) 25days d) 24days
2./ A andB candoapieceof work in10 days, B andC in15
daysandC andA in20 days. They all work at it for 6
days, andthenA leaves, andB andC go ontogether for
4 daysmore. I f B thenleaves, how longwi ll C taketo
completethework?
a) 20 days b) 25days c) 10 days d) 15days
Ti me and Wo r k 361
3. A and B can do apieceof work in 6 days, A and C in
5 days, B and C in 4 days. In what timecould each do
it?
4
8^
19
20
8^
, 7
13 ' 31 35
^19
20
4
7 8
20
35 ' 31' 13
16 19
M 8 20 7
; 31' 13' 35
d) Noneof these
A and B can mow afield in 3 days, A and C in 4 days,
B and C in 5 days. In what timecould they mow it, all
working together?
* 75 74 74
>3 i 04 b >2 !o3- *3W3 d > 2
47
103
Answers
l a
2. c; Hint: A, B and C together can do thework in
2x10x15x20 120
10x15 +20x10 +15x20 30
13
days
work doneby all in 6 days =
20
work doneby B and C in 4 days =
. .13' 4
Remaining work =1 I . . +
20 15 i ~ 12 >w n ' c n i s t 0 D e
doneby C.
Now, from thequestion,
120
C alonecando thewholework in
xlO
10
120
13
120 days
[See Rule-6]
3. a;
4.b
. of thework is doneby C in - =10 days.
12 J 12 '
11
Hint: Herex =6, y =4 and z =. Now apply the
given rule.
Theorem: If A can do a piece of work in x days and B can
do it in y days then A and B working together will do the
same work in
f \
xy
x + y
days.
I l l ust rat i ve Exampl e
Ex. : A can do apieceof work in 5 days, and B can do it in
6 days. How long will they takeif both work together?
Soln: Detail Method: 'A' can do7 work in 1 day.
'B' can do work in1 day.
6
1 1
Thus 'A' and 'B' can do I J "1"^j work in1 day.
1
'A' and 'B' can do thework in
1 1
- +
5 6
days
30 8
=T T =2T T days.
Quicker Method: Applying theabovetheorem,
A +B can do thework in
5x6
5 +6
days
3 0 - 7 8 A
- T T - 2 T T d a y s -
Exercise
1. 10 men can completeapieceof work in 15 days and 15
women and completethesamework in 12 days. I f all the
10 men and 15 womenwork together, in how many days
will thework get completed?
a) 6 b) 7| d)6~
3 - / 3
(SBI Associates PO-1999)
2. A can do apieceof work in 20 days andB can do it in 30
days. How long would they taketo do it working to-
gether? ^\
a) 12 days b) 10 days c) 15 days d) 16 days
3. A can do apieceof work in 6 days. B takes 8 days. C
takes aslong as A and B would takeworking together.
How long wil l it takeB and C to completethework to-
gether?
V'Wfif; 2 2
a) 2- day b) 2~ days c) 6 days d) 4days
Rule 4 ftrrfes [ X ^ d
A does of apieceof work in 15 days. Hedoes the
remainder with theassistanceof B in 4 days. In what
timecould A and B together do it?
1
a) 13 days
b) 12 days
368 PRACTICE BOOK ON QUICKER MATHS
Thus, 12 men +16 boys =24 boys +16 boys =40
boys
and 7 men +10 boys =14 boys +10 boys =24 boys
Now, by basic formula, we have
40x 5 =24 x D2
n 4 0 x 5 Q1 ^
or D2 = ^- = 8-days.
Exercise
1. I f 12 men and 16 days can do a pieceof work in 5 days
and 13 men and 24 boys can do it in 4 days, compare the
daily work done by a man with that done by a boy.
a) 1:2 b)2:l c) 1 :3 d) 3 : I
2. IfSOmenand 14 boys can reap a field in 21 days, in how
many days will 20 men and 4 boys reap it, supposing
that 3 men can do as much as 5 boys?
3. I f 5 men and 2 boys working together can do 4 times as
much work per hour as a man and a boy together, com-
pare thework of a man with that of a boy.
a) 2: 1 b) 3 :1 c) 4 :1 d) Data inadequate
4. I f 1 must hire 2 men and 3 boys for 6 days to do the same
piece of work as 11 men and 5 boys could do in 1
1
days, compare thework of a boy with that of a man.
8)7:3 b)3:7 c)2:5 d)5:2
5. 8 children and 12 men complete a certain pieceof work in
9 days. Each child takes twice thetime bya man to finish
thework. In how many dayswill 12 men finish the same
work?
a) 8 b)9 c)12 d) 15
(Ba nkPO Exam, 1988)
Answers
1. b; Hint: Applying the above theorem,
aman'swork 24x4-16x5 16
aboy'swork 12x5-4x13 8
2. a; Hint: Here relationship between men and boys is
given.
3 men =5 boys .-. I man = boys.
Now, 30A/ +14 =^^5 - +14 =64boys and
20M + 4B = ~ boys.
112
Fromtheformula, 64 x 21 = x D
.-. D, =36 days.
3. a; Hint: Let 5 men and 2 boys can do thework in x da\
Hence a man and a boy together can do the same
work in 4x days.
Now, applying thegiven rule, we have
4x x ] - x x 2
the required answer = :: r =2:1,
Note: Also see Rule-15
4. b; Hint: Applying thegiven rule, we have
Man
Boy
-x5-6x3
6x2 x]
2
5.c;
.-. Boy: Man =3:7.
Hint: 2 children =1 man
.-. 8 children +12 men =16 men
Fromthe question,
Since16 men can complete a certain pieceof work
9 days
12 men finish thework in
16x9
12
12
days.
Rule 10
Theorem: A certain number of men can do a work in D
days. If there were 'x' men less it could be finished in i
days more, then the number of men originally are]
x(D + d)~
d
Il l ust rat ive Exampl e
A certain number of men can do a work in 60 days. Iff]
there were 8 men less it could befinished in 10 day*|
more. How many men are there?
Using the aboveformula, we have
Ex:
Soln:
theoriginal number of men
_ 8(60 +10)_
10
56 .
Exercise
1. A certain number of men can do a work in 45 days.
there were 4 men less it could befinished in 15
2. A certain number of men can do a work in 30 da>f
there were 6 men less it could befinished in 20 d?w
a) 15 men b) 12 men
c) 18 men d) 20 men
3. A certain number of men can do a work in 50da>s
there were 6 men less it could befinished in 12
Time and Wo r k 369
I A certain number of men can do a work in 70 days. I f
there were 2 men less it could be finished in 10 days
Answers
: b 2. a 3.d 4.c
(MBA, 1983)
Rule 11
Theorem: If A is 'n' times as fast (or slow) as B, and is
therefore able to finish a work in 'D' days less (or more)
;han B, then the time in which they can do it working to-
gether is given by
Dn
n2-l
days
Il l ustrative Exampl e
Lv A is thrice as fast as B, and is therefore able to finish
a work in 60 days less than B. Find the time in which
they can do it working together.
A is thrice as fast asB, means thatif A does a work in
1 day then B does it in 3 days.
Hence, if the difference be 2 days, then A does the
work in 1 day and B in 3 days. But the difference is 60
days. Therefore, A does the work in 30 days and B in
90 days.
Now A and B together will do the work in
days = =22.5 days
30 +90 2
Quicker Method: Applying the above theorem, we
have
60x3 60x3
the required answer =
32 - l
45
2
=22.5 days. ?
Exercise
A istwice as fast as B, and is therefore able to finish a
work in 30 days less than B. Find the time in which they
can do it working together.
aj/TS days b) 20 days c) 24 days d) 22 days
1 A. is 4 times as fast as B, and is therefore able to finish a
>* work in 45 days less than B. Find the time in which they
1 A is thrice as fast as B, and is therefore able to finish a
work in 40 days less than B. Find the time in which they
a) 16 days b) 10 days c) 15 days d) Noneof these
- A is thrice as good a workman as B and is therefore able
to finish a work in 80 days less than B. Find the time in
which they can do it working together,
Answers
l.b 2. a 3.c 4. a
Rule 12
Theorem: If a person can finish a work in dx days at ht
hours a day and another person can finish the same work
in d2 days at h2 hours a day, then the no. of days in which
they can finish the works working together 'h' hours a day
is
(h,d,jh2d2)
( M ; ) +( M ; )
days
Il l ust rat i ve Exampl e
Ex: I can finish a work in 15 days at 8 hrs a day. You can
,2
finish it in 6 days at 9 hrs a day. Find in how many
days we can finish it working together 10 hrs a day.
Soln: Detail Method: First suppose each of us works for
only one hour a day.
Then I can finish the work in 15 * 8 =120 days
20
and you can finish the work in x9 =60 days
Now, we together can finish the work in
120x60
=40 days
120 +60 '
But here we are given that we do the work 10 hrs a
day. Then clearly we can finish the work in 4 days.
Quicker Method: Applying the above formula, we
have
20
15x8x x9
3
20
15x8 + x9
3
1
10
4 days.
Exercise
1. I can finish a work in 10 days at 4 hrs a day. You can
finish it in 15 days at 5 hrs a day. Find in how many days
we can finish it working together 10 hrs a day.
50 70 60 40
a) days b) days c) days d) days
Quicker Method: Applying the above formula,
40x45 Y 40-23
40 + 45 40
=9days.
Exercise
1. A and B can do awork in +0 and 35 days respectively.
They began the work together, but A left after some time
and B finished the remaining work in 10 days. After how
many days did A leave?
, , 1
c) '3 days d) 14 days
a) 13 daysb) 13days
A and B can do awork in 35 and 25 days respectively.
and B finished the remaining work in 15 days. After how
5 5 5
c) days d) o days
6 6
4.
a) 6 days b) 5 days
A and B can do awork in 20 and 15 days respectively.
and B finished the remaining work in 8days. After how
a)4 days b)5 days c)3days d)6 days
A and B can together finish awork in 30 days. They
worked for it for 20 days and then B left. The remaining
work was done by A alone in 20 more days. A alone can
finish the work in:
a) 54 days b) 60 days c) 48days d) 50 days
(Central Excise 1988)
Answers
l.c 2.c 3.a
4. b; Hint: In the given formula, we have
- ^- =30 days.
x + y
Now, from the question,
B left the work, ie y =time taken by A to complete the
whole work and z =20 days.
Now, applying the given formula, we have
30x :20
y =60 days.
^\e 17 >
Theorem: If x, men or x2 women or x3 boys can do a
work in 'D' days, then the no. of days in which I man, 1
woman and 1 boy do the same work is given by the follow-
ing formula, number of required days =
Dxx, xx2 xx3
X,X2 + X,X; +x,x
1*3
days.
Ex: 1 man or 2 women or 3 boys can do awork in 44 days.
Then in how many dayswi l l 1 man, 1 woman and 1
boy do the work?
Applying the above formula, we have Soln:
the no. of required days
44x1x2x3
1x2+2x3+1x3
44 x 1 x 2x 3
2+ 6 + 3
24 days.
Exercise
1. 2men or 3women
Then in how many
do the work?
a) 24 days b) 42
2. 3men or 4 women
Then in how many
do the work?
a) 40 days b) 50
3. 1 man or 3 women
Then in how many
do the work?
a) 24 days b) 12
4. 1 man or 2women
Then in how many
do the work?
a) 24 days b) 28
Answers
l .d 2.c 3.a
or 4 boys can do awork in 52days,
dayswill 1 man, 1 woman and1 boy
days c) 36 days d) 48days
dayswi l l 1 man, 1 woman and1 boy
days c) 60 days d) 45 days
days c) 18days d) 36 days
or 4 boys can do awork in 56 days,
days c) 20 days d) 32days
4.d
Rule 18
Theorem: A group of men decided to do a work in x days,
but 'n' of them became absent. If the rest of the group did
the work in 'y' days, then the original number of men is
given by
ny
y-x
men.
Ex:
Soln:
A group of men decided to do awork in 10 days, but
five of thembecame absent. I f the rest of the group
did the work in 12days, find the original number of
men.
Applying the above formula, we have
the required answer
5x12
12-10
=30
men.
Exercise
1. A group of men decided to do awork in 13days, but 6 of
thembecame absent. I f the rest of the group did the
work in 15 days, find the original number of men.
Ti me and Wo r k
375
wi l l the rest of the food last for the rest of the men?
2. There is asufficient food for 116 men for 25 days. After
21 days, 100 men leave the place. For how many days
wi l l the rest of the food last for the rest of the men?
29 days, 210 men leave the place. For how many days
wi l l the rest of thefood last for the rest of the men?
10 days, 75 men leave the place. For how many dayswi l l
the rest of the food last for the rest of the men?
a) 10 days b)8 days c)5 days d) 15 days
Answers
l .b 2.c 3.d 4.a
Rule 2 3 7
Theorem: A takes as much time as B and C together take to
finish a job. If A and B working together finish the job in x
days. C alone can do the same job in y days, then B alone
"/ t ->.... \
can do the same work in
the same work in
2xy
2xy
y-x
days.
days and A alone can do
Il l ust rat ive Example
Ex: A takes as much time as B and C together take to
finish aj ob. A and B worki ng together finish the j ob
in 10 days. C alone can do the samej ob in 15 days. In
how many days can B alone do the samework?
Quicker Method I : Using the above theorem, B alone Soln:
2x15x10
15-10
can do the samework in
Quicker Method I I :
(A +B) +(C) can do in , ,
15 +10
Since A's days =(B +C)'s days.
B +C can do in 6 x 2 =12 days.
60 days
15x10
6 days.
15x12 n
.-. B[ B ={B +C}- C]candoi n 1 $ _ 1 2 = 6 days.
Exercise
1. A can do a certain work in the sametimein which B and
C together can do it. I f A and B together could do it i n 10
days, and C alone in 50 days, in what time could B alone
do it?
C together can do i t. I f A and B together could do it in 15
days, and C alone in 30 days, in what time could B alone
do it?
a) 40 days b) 60 days c) 45 days d) 35da> s
days, and C alonein 24 days, in what time could B alone
do it?
days, and C alone in 15 days, in how many days can A
alone do the samework?
Answers
l .a 2.b 3.d 4.a
Rule 24 y
Theorem: A team of xpersons is supposed to do a work in
'D' days. After 'dt' days, 'y' more persons were employed
and the work was finished' d2 ' days earlier, then the num-
ber of days it would have been delayed if 'x' more persons
\y{D-{dl+d2)}-d2x
were not employed is given by
days and the number of days in which the work would have
~{x + y\D-d2)-d,y
x
been finished is given by days
Ex: A teamof 30 men is supposed to do awork in 38 days.
After 25 days, 5 more men were employed and the
work finished one day earlier. How many days would
it have been delayedi f 5 moremen werenot employed?
Soln: Quicker Approach:
35 men do the rest of thej ob in 12 days (12 =38- 25
- 1)
.-. 30 men can do the rest of the j ob i n
=14 days.
12x35
30
Thus thework would have been finished in 25 +14
=39 days that is, (39- 38)=1 day after the scheduled
time.
Quicker Method: Appl yi ng the aboveformula, we
have
5{38-(25 +l )}- 1x30
30
5x12- 30
30
1 day .
Exercise
1. A teamof 40 men is supposed to do awork in 48 days.
After 35 days, 15 more men were employed and thework
finished 2 days earlier. How many days would it have
been delayed i f 15 more men were not employed?
, 1 , 1
a) 2 days b) 2 days c) I days d) 1 day
o o
After 18 days, 2 more men were employed and the work
finished 1 day earlier. How many days would it have
been delayed i f 2 more men were not employed?
a) 1 day b) 2 days c) 1.5 days d) None of these
finished 2 days earlier. I n how many days would it have
been finished i f 5 more men were not employed?
finished 3 days earlier. I n how many days would it have
been finished i f 9 more men were not employed?
Answers
l.b 2.a
j . c
4.c
Rule 25 y>
Theorem:A,B and C can do a work in x days, y days and z
days respectively. They started the work together but after
dx days A left. If B left the work d^ days before the comple-
tion of the work, then the whole work will be completed in
y(x-d,)+d2x
y + z
days
, .4
Ex: A, B and C can do awork in 16 days, 2 days and
32 days respectively. They started the work together
but after 4 days A left. B left the work 3 days before
the completion of the work. I n how many days was
the work completed?
Suppose the work is completed in x days,
As 4 day's work +B's (x - 3) day's work +C's x day's
work =1
4 (x-3)S x ,
or +- + =1
' 16 64 32
16 +5JC-15 +2X ,
64
or, Ix +1 =64 .". x = 9 days.
Quicker Method: Applying the above formula, we
have
the required answer:
32
16
y( l 6- 4) +( 3xl 6)
64
+32
= 2 x4.5 = 9 days.
Exercise
1. A, B and C can do a piece of work in 12, 18 and 24 days
respectively, they work at it together, A stops the work
after 4 days and B is called off 2 days before the work is
done. I n what time was the work finished?
a) 12 days b) 14 days c) 16 days d)8 days
after 2 days and B is called off 1 day before the work is
a)4 days b)6 days c)7 days d)3 days
3. A, B and C can do a piece of work in 18,27 and 12 days
6
a) 10 days b)8 days c) 16 days d) 14 days
Answers
l .d 2.a 3.d 4.c
Rule 26
Theorem: A started a work and left after working a, days.
Then B was called and he finished the work in b, days.
Had A left the work after working for a2 days, B would
have finished the remaining work in b2 days. Then, each
of them ieA and B, working alone finish the whole work in
b2a, -b,a2
days and
a2b, a,b2
days respectively.
Il l ust rat i ve Example
Ex: A started awork and left after working for 2 days.
Then B was called and he finished the work in 9 days.
Had A left the work after working for 3 days, B would
have finished the remaining work in 6 days. I n how
many days can each of them, working alone, finish
the whole work?
Soln: Detailed Method: Suppose A and B do the work in x
and y days respectively. Now, work done by A in 2
days +work done by B in 9 days =1
Ti me and Wo r k
377
2 9_ 3 6 ,
or, ~+ - 1 Similarly, ~+y -'
To solve the above equation put =a and _ 0 .
Thus
2a+9b=l (1) and 3a +6b=1 ....(2)
Performing (2) x 3 - (1) * 3we have
1 1 '
5a =1 a = or, * ->days.
5 n
1 ,c
and y =T days.
Quicker Method: I n such case: (Using the above theo-
rem)
3x9-2x6 15 _
A wi l l finish thework in ~ =.5 days.
9 6 3
For B, we should use the above result.
2 3
B does 1 =- work in 9 days.
5 5 3
:. B does1 work in 9 x - 15 days.
Exercise
1. A started a work and left after working for 1 day. Then B
. . 1
was called and hefinished thework in4 days. Had A
left thework after working for 1 days, B would have
finished theremaining work in 3 days. I n how many days
can eachof them, working alone, finish thewhole work?
a) 5 days, 15 days b) 2.5 days, 7.5 days
c) 3.5 days, 8.5 days d) None of these
2. A started a work and left after working for 3 days. Then
B was called and hefinished thework in13 days. Had
A left thework after working for 4 days, B would
havefinished theremaining work in 9 days. I n how many
days can each of them, working alone, finish the whole
work?
a) 7.5 days, 22.5 days b) 7 days, 9 days
c) 5 days, 1~5 days d) 23.5 days, 8.5 days
3. A started a work and left after working for 4 days. Then
B was called and hefinished thework in 18 days. Had A
left thework after working for 6 days, B would have
finished the remaining work in 12 days. I n how many
days can each of them, working alone, finish the whoie
work?
a) 5 days, 20 days
c) 15 days, 30 days
Answers
l .b 2. a 3.b
b) 10 days, 30 days
d) 5 days, 30 days
Rule 27
Theorem: A can do a work in x days and B can do the same
work in y days. If they work together for'd' days and A
goes away, then the number of days in which B finishes the
work is given by y-\ + days.
Ex: A can do a work in 25 days and B can do the same
work in 20 days. They work together for 5 days and
then A goes away. I n how many dayswill B finish the
work?
Soln: Detail Method
A +B can do thework in5 days =5
25 20
5x45
25x20
_9_
20
Rest of thework =1
_9_
20
20
9 11
B wi l l do the rest of thework in =1 = days.
20 20
Quicker Method: A pplying the above theorem, we
have
the required answer =20-(l +^- j x5
=20-9=11 days.
Exercise
1. A can do a piece of work in 6y days and B in 5 days.
They work together for 2 days and then A leaves B to
finish thework alone. How long will B take to finish it?
a)l
1
b)3 days c)2 days d) 1 day
2. A can do a piece of work in 50 days and B in 40 days.
3. A can do a piece of work in 20 days and B in 15 days.
1 A
4. A can do apieceof work in 12 days and B in 10 days.
They work together for 2 ^days and then A leaves B
to finish thework alone. How lonewill B take to finish it?
i :
n
a) days b) days c) 6 days d) days
Answers
l.a 2.c 3.d 4.d
Rule 28
Theorem: If A can complete part of a work In x days,
can hefinish of the work?
a) 20 days
c) 4 days
b)5 days
d) Data inadequate
3. Sudhir can do of awork in 8 days. In how many days
1
a) 1 day b) 2 days c) 3 days d) Noneof these
Answers
l.c 2.c 3.a
Rule 29 V
Ex.: 38men, working 6 hours a day can do a pieceof Work
in 12 days. Find the number of days in which 57 men
working 8 hrs a day can do twice thework. Assume
that 2 men of thefirst group do as much work in 1
then the part of the work will be done in y days. We can
x _ y
calculate the value of y from the given equationa ^ ~c ^ .
No. of days worked
Note: =constant for a person
Part of work done
Il l ust rat i ve Example
3
Ex: A can do of awork in 12 days. I n how many days
8
( SBIPO Exam 1987)
Soln: Using the above theorem, we have
12 y 12 1
374" = W0 r >'= T> <4 X 8=2 d 3 y S -
Exerci se
1. Ramcan do of awork in 16 days. In how many days
12
a) 1 day b) 3 days c) 2 days d) 2 days
2. Vinay can do of a work in 5 days. I n how many days
hour as 3 men of the second group do in 1 hr.
Soln: Detailed Method:
2 x 1 men of first group =3><1.5 men of second group
or, 2 men of first group =4.5 men of second group
38 men of first group:
4.5
x38 =19x4.5
y (19x4.5) men do 1 work, working 6 hrs/day in
12 days.
.-. 1 man does 1 work working 1 hr/day in
(12 x 19x4.5 x 6) days.
.-. 57 men do 2 work working 8 hrs/day in
12xl9.x4.5x6
57x8
2 =27 days.
Quicker Method:
Ratio of efficiency of persons in first group to the
second group
= E, :E2 =(3x1.5):2x1 =4.5:2 (*)
Now, use theformula:
M^.T.E.Wj =M2D2T2E2W, (*)(*)
38x12x6x4.5x2 _ ,
.'. D, = =27 days.
57x8x2x1
Note: (*) Less number of persons fromthefirst group
do the samework in less number of days,
so they are moreefficient.
(*)(*) M represents the number of men.
D represents the number of days.
T represents the number of working hours.
E represents theefficiency.
W represents thework and
thesuffix represents the respective groups.
Ti me and Wo r k
Exercise
1. 40men, working 8 hours a day can do a piece of work in
15days. Find the number of days in which 60men work-
ing 4hrs a day can do twice the work. Assume that 3
men of the first group do as much work in 2hour as 4
men of the second group do in 3hrs.
a) 60days b) 40days c) 80days d) None of these
2. 30men, working 4hours a day can do a piece of work in
10days. Find the number of days in which 45men work-
ing 8 hrs a day can do twice the work. Assume that 2
men of the first group do as much work in 2hour as 4
men of the second group do in 1 hr.
,1 .2 .3 .1
a) 6-days b) 6 days c) 5 7 days d) 3 days
3 3 6 6
Answers
1. c; Hint: 3><2men of first group =4x3 men of second
group
.-. Ratio of efficiency of persons in first group to the
second group =, : 2 =2: 1. Now apply the given
formula.
2. b
Rule 30 Y
Theorem: If A working alone takes 'x' days more than A
and B, and B working alone takes 'v' days more than A and
B together then the number of days taken by A and B work-
ing together is given by \[xy \
Il l ustrative Exampl e
Ex: A alone would take 14hours more to complete the j ob
than if both A and B would together. If B worked
alone, he took 3 hours more to complete the job
than A and B worked together. What time, would they
take if both A and B worked together?
Soln: Applying the above theorem, we have
the required answer = ^- = 7 hours.
Exercise
1. A alone would take 8 hours more to complete the job
than if both A and B would together. If B worked alone,
he took 4 hours more to complete the job than A and
B worked together. What time, would they take if both A
and B worked together?
a) 6hours b) 5hours c) 7hours d) 8 hours
(Income Tax and Excise Fram, 1985)
2 A alone would take 16hours more to complete the job
he took 4hours more to complete the job than A and B
worked together. What time, would they take if both A
a) 5hours b) 8 hours c) 9 hours d) None of these
3. A alone would take 27hours more to complete the job
he took 3hours more to complete the job than A and B
worked together. What time, would they take if both A
a) 8 hours b) 10hours c) 9 hours d) 6hours
Answers
l.a 2.b 3.c
Rule 31 ^
Theorem: If A, B and C can do a job alone in x days, y
days and z days respectively.
.-. alone time for A =xdays
alone time for B=y days
alone time for C = z days
Now consider the following cases,
Case I: To find the amount of work done by A, B and C
separately.
Using the formula,
Number of days actually worked
Amount of work =
alone time
and assuming that A, B and C have worked for
d, days, d2 days and d3 days respectively, then
I d,
amount of work by A = , amount of work by
B = and amount of work by C =
f * 8o7* 3& " r''?W<4 fester*
Case II: If the job is complete, then add the amount of work
done by A, B and C and equate it to 1.
d d d
ie + + = 1, if the job is half complete the
x y z
following equation is obtained,
x y z 2
Ex: A man, a woman or a boy can do a job in 20days, 30
days or 60days respectively. How many boys must
assist 2men and 8 women to do the work in 2days.
(MBA 1992)
Soln: Let the required number of boys be x.
Now, using the above theorem,
(2 men's work for 2 days) + (8 women's work for
380
2 days) +(x boy's work for 2 days) =1
or, f 2x2xl +f 8x2xl +fxx2x
I 20) { 30) { 60.
.-. x = 8 boys.
Exercise
1. A and B together can do a piece of work in 12 days
which B and C together can do in 16 days. After A has
been working at it for 5days, and B for 7 days. C finishes
it in 13 days. In how many days could each do thework
by himself?
a) 16,48 and 26 days respectively
b) 16,48 and 24 days respectively
c) 26,48 and 24 days respectively
d) 16,46 and 24 days respectively
2. A can do ajobin 20 days, B in 30 days and C in 60 days.
I f A is helped on every 3rd day by B and C, thenin how
many days, thejob is finished?
[I TI 1989]
a) 20 days b) 15days c) 18 days d) 24 days
3. A can do a job in 12 days, B in 15days. They work
together for 2 days. Then B leaves and A alonecontin-
ues thework. After 1 day C joins A and work is com-
pleted in 5more days. In how many days can C do it
alone?
a) 15days b) 20 days c) 25days d) 30 days
4. A and B can do ajob in 15days and 10 days respec-
tively. They began thework together but A leaves after
some days and B finished theremaining job in 5days.
After how many days did A leave?
a)2 days b)4 days c)3 days d)6 days
5. A and B can do ajob in 16 days and 12 days respec-
tively. 4 days beforefinishing thejob, A joins B. B has
started thework alone. Find how many days B has
worked alone? [ Bank P Ol 9891
a)8 days b) 10 days c)4 days d)5days
6. A man, awoman or a boy can do ajob in 20 days, 30
days or 60 days respectively. How many boys must as-
sist 2 men and 8 women to do thework in 2 days?
[MBA 1992]
a) 8 boys b) 10 boys c) 12 boys d) 16 boys
7. A can do ajob in 3 days less time thanB. A works at it
alonefor 4 days and then B takes over and completesit.
I f altogether 14 days wererequired to finish thejob, how
many days would eachof themtake alone to finish it?
a) 13 days, 16 days b) 12 days, 15days
c) 15days, 12 days d) 15days, 18 days
8. A can do a pieceof work in 24 days, whileB alone can do
it in 16 days. With thehelpof C they finish thework in 8
days. Find in how many days alone C can do thework?
[MBA 1988]
A and B in 1 day do
B and C in 1 day do
Answers
1. b; Hint: Let thewholework be 1
J_
12 '
J_
16 '
As 5day's work +B's 7 day's work +C's 13 day's
work =1
Or, As 5day's work +B's 5day's work +B's 2 day's
work +C's 2 day's work +C's 11 day's work =1
5 2 J
. ++C'5 11 day'swork=1
12 16
C's 11 day's work =h
12+ 16 24
,-. C's 1 day's work =
.-. B's 1 day's work =
24
_L _- _L - _L
16 24 "48
1 1
.-. A's day's work = -
12 48 16
.-. A, B and C can do thework in 16, 48 and 24 da\
respectively.
2. b; Hint: Since A is helped by B and C on every 3rd day
A works for 3 days while B and C work for 1 day
1 , 1 , 1 , 1
20X 30X 60+ 5[ v B a n d C n e l P o n l y n
3rd day]
.-. Total timefor thejob =3x5=15days.
3. c; Hint: Let C doit alonein x days
A's amount of work +B's amount of work +C's amour:
of work =1
'.( 2 +, +5 ) 7rK )+K )='
it
or,
A=, - f - 8 - + ^
12 15
5 1
or =7 .-. x =25
.-. C can doit alonein 25days.
4. c; Hint: In this problem, total time for thework is not
known and also it is not to befound out. Hencetota
time for thework is not to be considered.
I f A leaves after x days ie A works for x days and B
works for x +5days,
then applying thegiven rule, we have
No. of days A worked No. of daysB worked _ ;
Alone time for A Alone time for B
Ti me and Wo r k 383
at 9am + 9 hrs =6 nm.
2 2 v
c; Hint: P
8x10
18
5 8 5 , here x - y =10 - 8 =+2, hence
apply theformula (a).
required answer;
80 + 10
10
: 9 days.
Since Ram starts on 1 st January
.-. work will be completed on 9th day ie on 9th of
January.
6x10
5. a; Hint: P = * 4
16
Herex - y=6 -10 =4, henceformula(a) will beapplied.
6x10 + 4(6-10)
.-. required time =
6
22 1
= - / - hours.
.-. required answer =8 am + 7 - hours =3:20 pm.
Rule 33
T h eo rem: If A, BandC together can do a workin x days, A
ilone can do the work in 'a' days and B alone can do the
*ork in 'b' days, then C will do the same work in
x ab
ab - x(a + b)
days.
lustrative Ex ample
c A , B and C together can do awork in 6 days. A alone
can do thework in 18 days and B alone can do the
samework in 27 days. Find in what time C alone can
do that work?
: i n: A pplying the aboveformula, we have
6x18x27
the required answer = c
H 18x27-6(18 + 27)
- 13 i days.
.ericse
A , B andC together can do awork in 2 days. A alone can
do thework in 6 days and B alone can do the samework
in 9 days. Find in what time C alone can do that work?
A , B andC together can do awork in 8 days. A alone can
do thework in 24 days andB alone cando the samework
3. A , B andC together can do awork in 4 days. A alone can
do thework in 12 days and B alone can do the samework
4. A , B and C together can do awork in 12 days. A alone
can do thework in 36 days and B alone can do the same
work in 54 days. Find in what time C alone can do that
work?
Answers
l.a 2.c 3.c 4.d
Rule 34
Theorem: If A and B can do a workin x andy days respec-
tively and A leaves the work after doing for 'a' days, then B
~{x-a)y~
does the remaining work in days.
I l l ustrati ve Ex ample
Ex: A can complete awork in 25 days and B can do the
samework in 10 days. I f A after doing 4 days, leaves
thework, find in how many daysB will do theremain-
ing work?
Soln: A pplying the aboveformula, we have
the required answer
_ (25-4)xl 0 _ 21x10 42 _ 0 2
Tt zrz - - 8 davs.
25 23 5 5
Ex ercise
1. A can complete awork in 20 days and B can do the same
work in 25 days. I f A after doing5 days, leaves thework,
find in how many days B will do theremaining work?
a) 18 days
c) 17 days
b) 8 days
4
d) None of these
2. A can complete awork in 35 days andB can do the same
work in 28 days. I f A after doing 10 days, leaves the
work, find in how many days B will do the remaining
work?
3. A can complete awork in 24 days andB can do the same
work in 18 days. I f A after doing4 days, leaves thework,
find in how many days B will do theremaining work?
Answers
l.a 2.b 3.c
Rule 35
Theorem: If A and B can do a work in x andy days respec-
tively, and B leaves the work after doing for 'a' days, then
A does the remaining work in days.
Ex: A can do awork in 15 days and B alone can do that
work in 25 days. I f B after doing 5 days leaves thejob,
f ind in how many days A wi ll do the remaining work.
Soln: Applying the abovef ormula, we have
_ (25-5)xl5
25
the required answer
20x15
25
= 12 days
Exercise
1. A and B working together can do a piece of work in 6
days, B alonecould do it in 8 days. Supposing B works
at it for 5 days, in how many days A alonecould finish
the remaining work?
2. A and B working together can do a pieceof work in 10
the remaining work?
the remaining work?
1
days, B alonecould do it in 12 days. Supposing B
v 1
works at it for 2 days, in how many days A alone
could finish the remaining work?
5. A can complete ajob in 9 days. B in 10 days and C in 15
days. B and C start thework and areforced to leave after
2 days. Thetime taken to complete the remaining work
is: (NDA Exam 1987|
a) 13 days b) 10 days c)9 days d)6 days
Answers
1. a; Hint: First apply theRule-6. and find theno. of days
in which A alone could do the whole work ie
6x8 ;
Now, applying thegiven rule, we have
2.c
5.d;
the required answer
3.b 4.d
(8-5)24 _
9 days.
15x10
15 +10
Hint: B and C together can do thework in
days. (See Rule-5)
Here, y =6 days, andx = 9 days.
Now applying thegiven rule, we have
(6-2)x9
the required answer = 0 days.
Rule 36
Theorem: A and B can do a piece of work in x andy dan
respectively and both of them starts the work together. Ifi
leaves the work 'a' days before the completion of work,
then the total time, in which the whole work is completed.
x + y
days.
Ex: rt and B can do a piece of work in 15 days and 3
days. Both starts thework together for some ti re,
but B leaves the job 7 days before thework is cci -
pleted. Find thetime in which work is finished.
Soln: Applying the abovef ormula, we have
(25 +7)15 '
25 +15
12 days.
Exercise
1. A and B can do a pieceof work in 20 days and 30
Both starts thework together for sometime, but B leav
the job 5 days before thework is completed. Find rae|
time in which work is finished,
a) 7 days b) 12 days c) 14 days d) 16 da\
2. A and B can do a pieceof work in 25 days and 35az
Both starts thework together for sometime, but B lea
the job 7 days before thework is completed. Fine
time in which work is finished.
x-l^jiii-. -rtitrr hTiriftun-Wit mW
a) 17 days b) 17 - days c) 18 days d) 20 day
Both starts thework together for sometime, but B I
thejob 15 days before thework is completed. Fine
a) 24 days b) 28 days c) 20 days d) 16 da\
Both starts thework together for sometime, but B I
the job 6 days before thework is completed. Find
5. A and B can do a piece of work in 17 days and 33
390
1 1 14
(A +B)'s 1 hour's work =7 + - = .
5 9 45
i i
45
work is doneby A and B i n1 hour.
28 (45 2 8 , ,
work wi l l be doneby A and B i nI y j x 7^" I - -
hours.
15. c; SupposeB takesx days to do thework.
3
'4
, 3 ] 3x
A takes |z x A x j i e days to do i t.
Now, (A +B)'s 1 day's work =77 .
1o
1 2 1
.-. - + = 7r o r x =30.
x 3x 18
16. b; Effi ci ency i s proporti onal to work doneper day and
work doneper day x number of days worked =amount
of work done
Consi deri ng effi ci ency of A and B i ni ti al l y as 1
SupposeA alonecan do thework i nx days and B
alonecan do the samework i n y days.
5_ 5
Then, ~+ =total work done=1
.(i i )
PRACTI CE BOOK ON QUI CKER MATHS
Si nceeffi ci ency of A andB are2 and7 respecti vely,
. x2x3 + x x3 =1
" x y 3
6 J__ 1 1 1
or>x + y~ - m d x+ y~5
Now, subtracti ng eqn (i ) from eqn (i i ) we have
25 e 1
x = =6 days.
4 4
17. d; Mohan mows thewholelawn i nx hours.
2
.-. Mohan mows, i n 2 hours, of thelawn.
x
. 2 x-2
.-. Unmowedpart= Par t-
18. d; Factory A turns out x cars i n one hour. Factory B
turns out cars i n onehour .
2
I n onehour both thefactori es A and B can turn out
cars.
.-. in 8hours bot h factories t urn out ST*+ ^ I c a r s
ie 4(2*+y) cars.

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Time and Work

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