PRECAUTION/ ADVERSE NURSING

GENERIC NAME INDICATION ACTION CONTRAINDICATION

REACTION CONSIDERATION
Infections of the Inhibits Drugs that inhibit PRECAUTION >Assess pt for
Ciprofloxacin resp. tract, bacterial DNA peristalsis. Infants and Severe and persistent previous sensitivity
middle gyrase thus children, growing diarrhea during and after reaction
ear,paranasal preventing adolescents. Pregnancy treatment >Assess pt for any
BRAND NAME sinuses, eyes, replication in and lactation s/s of infection
Ciprobay kidneys, urinary susceptible ADVERSE RXN before & during
tract bacteria Common:Nausea, treatment
diarrhea, vomiting, rash >Assess for adverse
DOSAGE Uncommon: reactions
250-500mg BID Anorexia, >assess pt. &
headache,dizziness, family’s knowledge
fever, GI and abdominal of drug therapy
pain, flatulence,
confusion, vertigo
Classification: GASTROINTESTINAL DRUGS-Laxatives

PRECAUTION/
GENERIC NAME INDICATION ACTION CONTRAINDICATION NURSING CONSIDERATION
ADVERSE REACTION
LACTULOSE Constipation, Inhibits Pt who require a low PRECAUTION: >Assess condition before
salmonellosis. bacterial lactose diet. Lactose therapy and reassess
BRAND NAME Treatment of DNA gyrase Galactosemia intolerance, regularly thereafter to
duphalac hepatic thus deficiency. Intestinal diabetes monitor drug’s effectiveness

KARLEEN L. JARO
 encephalopat preventing obstruction. >Monitor pt for any
DOSAGE hy replication Adverse Rxn: adverse GI reactions,
Infants: 5 ml in Abdominal nausea,vomiting,diarrhea,
Children: susceptible discomfort >Assess for adverse
1-6 y/o- 5-10ml bacteria associated with reactions
7-14y/o- 15ml flatulence and >for pt. with hepatic
15-45y/o- 15- intestinal cramps. encelopathy: regularly
30ml. Nausea, vomiting, assess mental condition
diarrhea on >monitor I & O
Dose given in 3 prolonged use
days

Classification: ANTI-INFECTIVES-Penicillins

PRECAUTION/ NURSING
GENERIC NAME INDICATION ACTION CONTRAINDICATION
ADVERSE REACTION CONSIDERATION

KARLEEN L. JARO
Amoxicillin Infections of the resp. Prevents Hypersensitivity to PRECAUTION: >obtain pt’s hx of
tract, skin & skin bacterial cell penicillins, Hypersensitivity: allergy
BRAND NAME structures,paranasal wall synthesis cephalosporins. Not rxn range from >Assess pt for any
Amoxil sinuses, genitourinary during used to treat mild to life s/s of infection
tract, otitis media, replication. pneumonia, threatening >Assess for pt’s
DOSAGE sinusitis, bacteremia pericarditis sensitivity to
Adult: 250- meningitis,septicemia during acute stage. ADVERSE RXN: penicillin ot other
500mg every 8 Dizziness, fatigue, cepalosporins
hours insomnia, skin >assess for allergic
Children: 20- rashes, itchy eyes, rxn during therapy
40mg/kg/day sore or dry mouth, >Assess for
divided dosage abnormal taste bowelpattern,
given every 8 hrs sensation,

Classification: ANTI-DIARRHEALS

PRECAUTION/ NURSING
GENERIC NAME INDICATION ACTION CONTRAINDICATION
ADVERSE REACTION CONSIDERATION

KARLEEN L. JARO
Loperamide Symptomatic Acts on the nerve Those in whom PRECAUTION: >assess pt’s bowel
HCl control of acute endings &/or constipation must be Hepatic pattern
and chronic intramural ganglia avoided, children less dysfunction, >check response
BRAND NAME diarrhea of the intestinal than 1 yr, chronic diarrhea, after 48 hrs
IMODIUM wall to decrease hypersensitivity, dehydration >Assess hydration
intestinal motility, abdominal distention >assess for
DOSAGE resulting to ADVERSE RXN abdominal
Adult: initially prolonged Hypersensitivity distention
2 cap; retention of feces reactions, >inform pt. that
subsequent in the intestines flatulence, dry mouth may be
dose a cap abdominal pain, relieved by
after every distention or frequent sips of
stool discomfort, nausea water, hard candy
and vomiting or sugarless gum

Classification: CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DRUGS-Anti-anxiety

PRECAUTION/ NURSING
GENERIC NAME INDICATION ACTION CONTRAINDICATION
ADVERSE REACTION CONSIDERATION

KARLEEN L. JARO
DIAZEPAM Symptomatic Facilitates/ Hypersensitivity. PRECAUTION: > inform pt. that drug
relief of anxiety, potentiates Dependence, Hypersensitivity: may be taken with
BRAND NAME agitation, the inhibitory withdrawal symptoms cardiorespiratory food
Valium tension activity of insufficiency, >advice pt. not to
GABA at the pregnancy, lactation abruptly discontinue
DOSAGE limbic system drug after long term
Adult: 250- and reticular ADVERSE RXN use
500mg every 8 formation to Dizziness, fatigue, >advice pt. to avoid
hours reduce blurred vision, driving and activities
Children: 20- anxiety, dependence, that require alertness
40mg/kg/day promote withdrawal reactions bec, drug can cause
divided dosage calmness and drowsiness
given every 8 hrs sleep >inform pt. that
smoking may
decrease effect

Classification: ANTI-ASTHMA

PRECAUTION/ ADVERSE NURSING

GENERIC NAME INDICATION ACTION CONTRAINDICATION
REACTION CONSIDERATION

KARLEEN L. JARO
Salbutamol Reversible airway Facilitates/ Hypersensitivity PRECAUTION: > drug may be decrese
obstruction potentiates the Hyperthyroidism,DM, sensitivity of
BRAND NAME including bronchial inhibitory cardiovascular spirometry used for
Ventolin asthma, chronic activity of GABA disease diagnosis of asthma
vilmax bronchitis at the limbic >syrup may be taken
system and ADVERSE RXN as young as age 2
DOSAGE reticular Fine tremor of >monitor for evidence
Adult: 8mg formation to skeletal muscle, of allergic rxn
tablet BID reduce anxiety, feeling of tension, a
Pedia: 3-12 yrs promote compensory small
4mg tab BID calmness and increase in heart
sleep rate, headache,
muscle cramps

Classification: ANTI-INFECTIVES

PRECAUTION/
GENERIC NAME INDICATION ACTION CONTRAINDICATION NURSING CONSIDERATION
ADVERSE REACTION

KARLEEN L. JARO
chloroquine Antacid, Inhibits the Presence of retinal or PRECAUTION: >advice pt that compliance
calcium perioxidative visual field changes Hepatic disease, with dosage schedule &
BRAND NAME supplement, activity of heme, alcoholism, duration of tx are necessary
chlorofoz osteoporosis and disrupt its monitor complete >caution pt to avoid alcohol
nonenzymatic blood count while taking drug
DOSAGE polymerization >assess hepatic status (dec.
Adult: initially to hemozin ADVERSE RXN appetite,jaundice, dark
four 250mg Headache, nausea, urine
tablet followed vomiting, diarrhea, >instruct pt to use
by 2 tab after skin eruptions sunglasses in bright sunlight
6-8 hrs, then2
tab daily for 2
days

Classification: RESPIRATORY DRUGS- MUCOKINETICS/EXPECTORANTS

PRECAUTION/
CONTRAINDICATIO NURSING
GENERIC NAME INDICATION ACTION ADVERSE
N CONSIDERATION
REACTION

KARLEEN L. JARO
Carbocisteine Acute/chronic Reduces the active peptic ulcer. PRECAUTION: >assess cough:
disorders of viscosity of Hypersensitivity to Hx of peptic ulcer, type, frequency,
BRAND NAME the upper & bronchial secretions carbocisteine hypothyroidism character
Loviscol lower & facilitate > advice medical
respiratory expectoration ADVERSE RXN consultation for
DOSAGE tract Nausea, headache, persistent cough of
Capsule: associated vomiting, anorexia, more than 7 days
Adult: 250mg 2 caps, 500mg 1 with the gastric discomfort, >advice pt. to avoid
cap TID secretion & diarrhea, GI smoking
Suspension: formation of bleeding >suggest sugarless
Adult – 15ml; Pedia: 6-12yrs: excessive and lozenges to
5ml, 2-5 yrs: 1.25-2.5 ml viscid mucus decrease throat
Syr: irritation and cough
6-12yrs: 10ml
2-5 yrs: 2.5ml

Classification: GASTROINTESTINAL DRUGS- ANTI-FLATULENTS

PRECAUTION/
GENERIC NAME INDICATION ACTION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE NURSING CONSIDERATION
REACTION

KARLEEN L. JARO
metoclopramide Gastrointestinal Dopamine GI hemorrhage, PRECAUTION: >give 30 mins before
motility, nausea, antagonist that epileptics, Activities meals and at bed time
BRAND NAME vomiting of central acts by increasing hypersensitivity, requiring > assess mental status
Plasil and peripheral origin receptor lactation, pts. With mental during treatment
assoc. with surgery sensitivity and breast cancer alertness, >tell pt. To avoid driving
DOSAGE response of elderly, & other hazardous
Adult 10mg 3x/day upper GIT tissues lactation activities for at least 2
pedia: 15-20yrs 5-10mg to acetylcholine hrs
3x/day ADVERSE RXN >advice pt. to avoid
5-14yrs: 2.5-5mg 3x/day Restlessness, alcohol and other CNS
3-4yrs: 3mg 2-3x/day drowsiness, depressant that enhance
1-2yrs: 1mg 2-3x/day fatigue, sedating properties of
Under 1 yr: 1mg 2x/day insomnia, this drug
headache,
dizziness,
nausea

Classification: Antihistamine/ anti allergic

GENERIC NAME INDICATION ACTION CONTRAINDICATION SIDE EFFECTS NURSING CONSIDERATION

KARLEEN L. JARO
 Hay fever, urticaria,  CV & CNS Special precaution for
Diphenhydramine vasomotor rhinitis, Antihistamine effects
HCl angioneurotic that reduces Premature & newborn  Blood  Narrow-angle glaucoma
edema, drug allergic infants; asthma attack; disorders  stenosing peptic ulcer
BRAND NAME sensitization, serum reactions,  GI  pyloroduodenal
lactation
& penicillin motion sickness disturbances obstruction
Benadryl
reaction, contact and vertigo  Antimuscari  symptoms of prostatic
dermatitis, atopic (dizziness and nic effects hypertrophy or bladder-neck
DOSAGE
eczema, other loss of balance), Allergic reactions obstruction
Capule/syrup
allergic and Parkinson's  History of bronchial
dermatoses, disease asthma
Adult: 50 mg pruritus, food
tid-qid.  increased intraocular
sensitivity, pressure
Children >20 lb: 12.5- parkinsonism,
 hyperthyroidism
25 mg tid-qid motion sickness
 CV disease or
hypertension.
 Pregnancy.
Avoid operating vehicles or
machinery

Classification: Antagonist and antidotes

SIDE EFFECTS/
GENERIC NAME INDICATION ACTION CONTRAINDICATION NURSING CONSIDERATION
ADVERSE REACTION

KARLEEN L. JARO
 Safest drug to use when
Naloxone Displaces Tachycardia cause respiratory
hydrocholoride Known suspected previously Patient known to be Hypertension depression is uncertain.
narcotic induced administered hypersensitive to Nausea
BRAND NAME
respiratory narcotic naloxone hydrochloride Vomiting Monitor respiratory depth
Narcan
depression analgesics Tremors and rate. Be prepared to
DOSAGE including that from their provide O2, ventilation and
Adult : 0.4 -2 mg IV cause by resuscitative measures.
receptors.
q2 to 3 mins.
pentazocine and Has no
p.r.n. Also been shown to
propaxyphene pharmacologi
improve circulation in
c activity of
refractory shock
its own

Classification: Nutrional Agents (Calorics)

GENERIC NAME INDICATION ACTION CONTRAINDICATION SIDE EFFECTS NURSING CONSIDERATION

KARLEEN L. JARO
 Fluid replacement Minimize Hyperglycemia, diabetic  Mental confusion,  Use cautiously in cardiac or
Dextrose and caloric glyconeogenesis coma, intracranial or intra unconsciousness in pulmonary disease,
spinal hemorrhage or hyperosmolar hypertension, renal insufficiency
supplementation and promotes nonketotic urinary obstruction and
BRAND NAME delirium tremens.
in patient who anabolism in syndrome. hypovolemia.
can’t maintain patients who can’t  Pulmonary edema  Never infuse concentrated
DOSAGE  Glycosuria, osmotic solutions rapidly, may cause
Dosage depends adequate oral receive sufficient diuresis hyperglycemia and fluid shift.
on fluid and caloric intake or who is oral caloric intake.  Metabolic: Monitor glucose level carefully.
restricted from hyperglycemia, Prolonged therapy can cause
requirements
hypervolemia depletion of pancreatic insulin
doing so.
production and secretion.

KARLEEN L. JARO