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Escuela de Nivel Medio Superior de León

Problemario Capítulo V: Potencial Eléctrico


Física 4, noviembre 2009
Prof. J. Pablo Aranda

1. (a) Calculate the speed of a proton that is accelerated from rest through a potential
difference of 120 V.
(b) Calculate the speed of an electron that is accelerated through the same potential
difference.

2. What potential difference is needed to stop an electron having an initial speed of 4.20 ×
105 m/s?

3. A block having mass m and charge +Q is connected to a spring having constant k. The
block lies on a frictionless horizontal track, and the system is immersed in a uniform
electric field of magnitude E, directed as shown in figure. If the block is released from
rest when the spring is unstretched (at x = 0), (a) by what maximum amount does the
spring expand? (b) What is the equilibrium position of the block? (c) Repeat part (a) if
the coefficient of kinetic friction between block and surface is μk.

Problema 3 Problema 4

4. Encuentra el potencial eléctrico en el punto P para el arreglo rectangular mostrado en


la figura.

5. The three charges in figure are at the vertices of an isosceles triangle. Calculate the
electric potential at the midpoint of the base, taking q = 7.00 μC.

6. The charge distribution shown in figure is referred to as a linear quadrupole. (a) Show
that the potential at a point on the x axis where x > a is

2k e Qa 2
V
x 3  xa 2

(b) Show that the expression obtained in part (a) when x >> a reduces to

2k e Qa 2
V 
x3
7. Un núcleo pequeño tiene una carga de +50e. (a) Calcular el potencial absoluto V es un
radio de 10–12 m medido desde el núcleo. (b) Si un protón se suelta en este punto, ¿qué
tan rápido se estará moviendo cuando se encuentra a 1m del núcleo?

8. Calcula la rapidez de (a) un electrón que tiene una energía cinética de 1 eV, y (b) un
protón que tiene la misma energía cinética.

9. Un electrón se dispara con una velocidad de υ0 = 5.6 × 106 m/s y con una ángulo
θ0 = – 45º entre dos placas paralelas conductoras separadas por una distancia D = 2.0
mm. Si la diferencia de potencial entre las placas es ∆V = 100 V, determina: (a) A
qué distancia, d, el electrón se acerca a la placa inferior. (b) A qué distancia
horizontal, desde el punto de partida, golpea el electrón a la placa superior

Problema 6

Problema 5

Problema 9

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