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(/content/serial/geot) >> Volume 34, Issue 3 (/content/issue/geot/34/3) >> Article (#)
The Measurement of soil stiffness in the triaxial
apparatus
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Authors: R. J. Jardine (/search?value1=&option1=all&value2=R.+J.+Jardine&option2=author)
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; M. J.
Symes (/search?value1=&option1=all&value2=M.+J.+Symes&option2=author)
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; J. B. Burland (/search?
value1=&option1=all&value2=J.+B.+Burland&option2=author)
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Affiliations: 1: *Imperial College of Science and Technology
Source: Gotechnique (/content/serial/geot) , Volume 34, Issue 3 (/content/issue/geot/34/3) , 01
September 1984 , pages 323 340
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This Paper describes a simple technique for accurately measuring the mean local
axial strains of triaxial samples over a central gauge length. The technique makes use
of an axial displacement gauge which is a development of one devised by Burland &
Symes (1982) which makes use of electrolytic levels. The device can resolve to less than 1
.m over a range of 15 mm, is simple to mount on the specimen and is not damaged when
the sample (#) is taken to failure. The results (#) of undrained triaxial tests are presented for
a wide spectrum of soil types ranging from sands through intact, reconstituted and
remoulded low plasticity till, undisturbed London clay to intact unweathered chalk. The test
results show that conventional external measurements of displacement contain errors which
are frequently so large that their use in the determination of soil stiffness at working levels of
stress is invalid. The errors mainly result from tilting of the sample, bedding (#) at the end platens and the effects
of compliance in the apparatus. Although much more experimental work is required before general conclusions
20/5/2014 ICE Virtual Library: The Measurement of soil stiffness in the triaxial apparatus
http://www.icevirtuallibrary.com/content/article/10.1680/geot.1984.34.3.323?crawler=true&mimetype=application/pdf 2/3
can be drawn about the small strain behaviour of soils the results presented lead to some important observations
on the undrained stiffness, linearity and yielding behaviour of soils at small strains.
Cet article dcrit une technique trs simple pour mesurer de faon prcise les dformations locales moyennes
d'chantillons triaxiaux sur une jauge centrale. La technique emploie une jauge de dplacement axial qui
reprsente une amelioration de celle invente par Burland et Symes (1982) et qui utilise des niveaux
lectrolytiques. L'appareil est sensible moins de 1 u, m sur une longueur de 15 mm. Il est facile monter sur
l'chantillon et reste intact mme si l'chantillon est dtruit. Les rsultats des tests triaxiaux non-drains sont
prsents pour une large gamme de types de sol, commenant par des sables, suivis de moraines intactes de
faible plasticit reconstitues et remanies et de l'argile de Londres intacte jusqu' la craie intacte non-altre par
les intempries. Les rsultats des tests montrent que les mesures conventionnelles du dplacement comportent
des erreurs qui sont souvent si considrables que les mesures sont mal adaptes pour la dtermination de la
rigidit du sol des niveaux oprationnels de la contrainte. Les erreurs proviennent principalement du
basculement de l'chantillon, de la liaison imparfaite au niveau des plateaux terminaux et des effects du
dplacement de l'appareil.
Bien que beaucoup de travail exprimenta1 suppltmntaire soit ncessaire afin de pouvoir tirer des conclusions
gnrales au sujet du comportement des sols sous des dformations mineures, les rsultats prsents fournillent
des observations importantes concernant la rigidit dans l'tat non-drain, la linearit et l'coulement des sols
sous des dformations mineures.
DOI: 10.1680/geot.1984.34.3.323 (http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/geot.1984.34.3.323)
ISSN: 0016-8505
E-ISSN: 1751-7656
Document Type: Research Article
Format: PDF (#)
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20/5/2014 ICE Virtual Library: The Measurement of soil stiffness in the triaxial apparatus
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