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Vol (3), No (7)

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Vol (3), No (7)

EDITORIAL

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Sun, June 15, 2014

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REGIONAL

Vol (3), No (7)

Sun, June 15, 2014

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pmrsufESm - 6
pmrsufESm - 3

REGIONAL

Vol (3), No (7)

Sun, June 15, 2014

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pmrsufESm - 4

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Vol (3), No (7)

Sun, June 15, 2014

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pmrsufESm - 5

REGIONAL

Vol (3), No (7)

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Sun, June 15, 2014

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pmrsufESm - 7

REVIEW

Vol (3), No (7)

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REVIEW

Vol (3), No (7)


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0kdif;awmfom;rsm;

pmrsufESm - 9

Vol (3), No (7)

OPPORTUNITY

tvkytf udik f tcGih tf vrf;rsm;pGmESih f Tourism


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Sun, June 15, 2014

Diploma

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-------------------

zGifhvSpfrnftcsdef ? 10 - 6 - 2014
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zkef;- 043 23264? 09850225

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pmrsufESm - 10

zGHYNzdK;wdk;wufa&; owif;*sme,f

Vol (3), No (7)


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FEATURE

Sun, June 15, 2014

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pmrsufESm - 19 okdY
pmrsufESm - 11

ARTICLE

Vol (3), No (7)


&ckid t
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27 . 4 . 2014 rS 1. 5. 2014
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ajrmufykdif;? &ckdifawmifwef;a'o
tjzpf owf r S w f t k y f c sKyf c h J a om

pmrsufESm - 12

Sun, June 15, 2014


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ARTICLE

Vol (3), No (7)

Sun, June 15, 2014

wdkif;jynfurJGrJG? ynma&;uajz;ajz;
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aeYacwfonf ynmukd
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pmrsufESm - 13

EDUCATION

Vol (3), No (7)

Sun, June 15, 2014

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pmrsufESm - 14

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2013 - 2014 ck ynmoifESpf wu0ifwef; atmifjrifrIpm&if;tm; vma&mufMunfh


IaeMuaom ausmif;om;^olrsm;ESifh if;\ rdbrsm;/ ("gwfykH - ysHvTm;)

LOCAL

Vol (3), No (7)

Sun, June 15, 2014

vTwfawmfoufwrf; okH;ESpfausmfwGif Oya' 98 ckjy|mef;EkdifchJ? kyfodrf;?


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pmrsufESm - 15

LOCAL

Vol (3), No (7)

Sun, June 15, 2014

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pk 0 ef B uD ; OD ; 0if ; &S d e f o nf 2012 ck E S p f u
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pmrsufESm - 16

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aqmufvkyf&eftwGufqkdNyD; ouf
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rdefYESifh ywfoufNyD; wpkHw&m xkwf


jyef today;jcif;rsKd;r&Sdao;aMumif;
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wGif ajr,mESihf ywfoufNy;D tmPm
rsm;ESihf jynforl sm;Mum; trsm;tjym;
jyem wufaeMuonf/

LOCAL

Vol (3), No (7)

Sun, June 15, 2014

awmifukd;&D;,m;wGif usif;yaom Miss Asia Pacific World 2014


tvSr,fNydKifyGJwGif jrefrmEkdifiHrS arjrwfEkd; r,fo&zlqGwfcl;
EG,fEG,fpkd; (&efukef) ? ZGef 4
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arv 31 &ufaeYu usif;yjyKvkyfchJ
onfh Miss Asia Pacific World
2014 tvSr,fNydKifyGJwGif jrefrm
EkdifiH ukd,fpm;jyKtjzpf 0ifa&muf
,SOfNydKifchJonfh arjrwfEkd;u Miss
Asia Pacific World 2014 tvSr,f
o&zludk qGwcf ;l chaJ Mumif; od&onf/
,if;NydKifyGJwGif EkdifiHwum
tvSr,fta,muf 40 ausmf 0if
a&muf,SOfNydKifchJonfh NydKifyGJwpfck
jzpfNyD; qefumwif tvSr,f 7
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jzpfonf/
tvS r ,f arjrwf E k d ; onf
aemufqkH;tqifh NydKifyGJrjyKvkyfcif
Miss Asia Pacific World Super
Talent 2014 wG i f Popularity
Award qkukd &SdchJolvnf;jzpfNyD; 1st
runner up ukd Korea uk;d &D;,m;

EkdifiHtaejzifh ESpfaygif; 20 twGif;


wGif jrefrmhtvSukd urmokdY csjy
Ekdifonfhtjyif NydKifyGJ\ t"du qk
ukdvnf; &&SdchJjcif;aMumifh rsm;pGm
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chJMuonf/
jrefrmEkdifiHtaejzifh tvS
r,f NydKifyGJrsm; 0ifa&muf,SOfNydKif&m
wGif People Choice qkukdom
trsm;qk;H &&Scd MJh uNy;D Winner qkudk
r&&SdMuonfu rsm;aomaMumifh
yxrqkH; Winner qk &&SdolrSm
Mister Globle International
2014 qkEiS hf ,ck Miss Asia Pacific
World 2014 qk &&SdchJonfh arjrwf

jrefrmEkdifiHokdYjyefvmaom tvSr,f arjrwfEkd;tm; ol\y&dwfoufrsm;u oGm;a&mufBudKqkdaeMupOf/ ("gwfykH - bDbDpD)

tvSr,f? 2nd runner up ukd rum


tkd Macau tvSr,f? 3rd runner
up ukd zdvpfyidk f Philippines tvS
r,f? 4th runner up ukd tdEd,
India tvSr,f? 5th runner up

ukd puFmyl Singapore tvSr,fEiS hf


6th runner up ukd Thailand tvS
r,fwkdYu &&SdchJjcif;jzpfonf/
Miss Asia Pacific World
2014 qk& tvSr,f arjrwfEkd;ukd

wufwl;xkd;xm;onfh Facebook rS oli,fcsif;rsm;ESih f Retun of


Tattoo Zmwfum;ukd kyf&SifAGD'D,kdokyfaqmif cifvIdif OD;pD;kduful;oGm;rnf
rif;bmBuD; ? ZGef 2
AG D ' D , k d [ mo ok y f a qmif
cifvIdifonf facebook rS wufwl;
xkd;xm;Muonfh oli,fcsif;rsm;ukd
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trnf a y;xm;aom AG D ' D , k d Z mwf
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xm;onf/
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f idk 'f g
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aMumufp&m aumif;onfh Zmwf
aumiftjzpf okyfaqmifoGm;rnf
[k od&onf/
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Zmwfum;onf wufwl;aMumifh l;
aMumifaMumif jzpfaeonfh vlwpf
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tjzpfNy;D wufw;l aMumifh 'kua &muf

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if;u qkdonf/
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xufykdifOD;u t"du ae&mrS yg0if
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ap&eftwGuf Gym upm;jcif;jzpfum


&if b wf wpf j crf ; wG i f wuf w l ;
tppf rsm;ukdxkd; yg0ifo&kyfaqmif
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a&G;cs,f okyfaqmifckdif;rnfjzpfNyD;
[monD a emif xk w f v k y f a &;u
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od&onf/

cifvIdifESifh ol\om; xufykdifOD;/

zG H Y N zd K ;wd k ; wuf a &; owif ; *sme,f

Miss International 2012 uk d

0ifa&muf ,SONf yKd icf o


Jh nfh eef;cifaZ
,smESifh Asia New Star Model
contest 2013 ukd 0ifa&muf,SOf
NydKifchJonfh xGef;ukdukdwkdYu jrefrm

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arjrwfE;dk onf tdyrf ufq&Hk m
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kwfEkdifiH Hanergy tkyfpkESifh jrefrm


tpkd;&wkdYonf 2010 jynfhESpfu
wnf;u vufrSwf a&;xkd;xm;chJ
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oHvGifjrpf

pmrsufESm - 17

LIFE

Vol (3), No (7)

Sun, June 15, 2014

qif;&J'kursm; o,faqmifvmaom &xm;wGJrsm;


N*d r f ; armif
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aeMuonf / &xm;wG J r sm;onf
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(8;00) em&Dwdwd tcsdefjzpfonf/
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twGif;okdY t&m&SdBuD;wpfOD; 0ifvm
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oufom xkdifaeaom 00zkdifhzkdifh


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jcif;onfvnf; wpfcsuftygt0if
jzpfonf/ ,ckrlvwef;ausmif;rsm;

pmrsufESm - 18

wG i f oif M um;aeaomynma&;
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uGif;jyifwGif ig;zrf;aeMuaom ykm;
uRef;NrdKYrS uav;i,frsm;/ ("gwfykH aerif;)

OPINION

Vol (3), No (7)


NyD;cJhonf arv 13 &ufaeY
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jzpfonf/ EkdifiHwumESifh csdwfquf

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pmrsufESm - 19

VIEWS

Vol (3), No (7)

Sun, June 15, 2014

taMumufw&m;tp
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wGif xda&mufrIonf vlom;rsm;

pmrsufESm - 20

Akdvfjr (ykPm;uRef;)
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A[kdjyK)? CCA Child Center
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BUSINESS

Vol (3), No (7)

Sun, June 15, 2014

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Sun, June 15, 2014

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ywf o uf rl 0 g' (5) &yf u k d

pmrsufESm - 22

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Ref: AFP

Vol (3), No (7)

KNOWLEDGE

Sun, June 15, 2014

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Ref: B-Classic

pmrsufESm - 23

HEALTH

Vol (3), No (7)

Sun, June 15, 2014

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ajymonf/

Vol (3), No (7)

prwfzkef;rsm;rSmygwJU

TECHNOLOGY
NFC &JY toHk;0ifyHkrsm;

NFCHardware rsm;uk d
Device awmfawmfrsm;rsm;rSm xnfh

oGif;vmMuygNyD/ txl;ojzifh prwf


zkef;rsm;rSm NFC udk xnfh oGif;vm
Muovk d Laptop tcsd K UrS m vnf ;
NFC udk xnfhoGif;vmMuygw,f/
NFC udk aiGay;acsjcif;? vHkNcHKa&;
aomhtjzpf toHk;jyKjcif;? owif;
tcsuftvufrsm; ay;ydkY&,ljcif; p
wmawG t jyif tjcm;ud p r sm;rS m
toHk;jyKEkdifygw,f/ NFC [m QR
Code awGxuf ydkrdk aumif;rGefwJh
tqifhjrifh enf;vrf;wpfckvnf;
jzpfygw,f/
aemufydkif;xkwf prwf zkef;
rsm;rSm NFC Hardware yg&SdMu
ygw,f/ 'gay r,fh vltrsm;pk[m
NFC udk toHk;jyKavh r&SdMuygbl;/
NFC qd k w mbmvJ
NFC &J U t&S n f u Near
Field Communication jzpfygw,f/
NFC [mprwfze
k ;f eJt
Y jcm; Device
rsm;udk a&'D,kd vIid ;f rsm;uae wqifh
qufoG,fvdkY &apwJh pHEIef;wpfck
jzpfygw,f/ prwfzkef;rsm;udk eD;
uyfwJh tuGmta0;rSm xm;&Sd&rSm
jzpfyg w,f/ NFC u RFID eJY
tvk y f v k y f y H k c sif ; qif w l a yr,f h
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tuGmta0;rSm toHk;jyK&rSmjzpfyg
w,f/ NFC udk toHk;jyKEkdifwJh t
uGmta0;rSmav;vufrjzpfygw,f/
NFC Hardware wyfqif
xm;wJh Device tcsif;csif; quf
oG,rf aI wG jyKvyk Ef idk o
f vkd NFC Device rsm;eJY NFC Tags rsm;udk
vnf; qufoG,fEkdifygw,f/ NFC
Tag qdkwm tjcm; prwfzkef; 'grSr
[kwf NFC Device rsm;u pGrf;
tifudk toHk;jyKvnf ywfwJh NFC
Chip jzpf y gw,f / NFC Tag
rsm;rSm udk,fydkif bufx&D ryg&SdMu

ygbl ; / NFC Tag rsm;[m QR


Codes toHk;jyKwmxuf ydkrdkvQif
jref vG,fulapygw,f/
NFC Device rsm;udk csdwf
qufzdkY twGuf Device ESpfckudk xd
awG Y a y;&rS m jzpf y gw,f / Oyrm
tm;jzifh NFC Smart phone ESpf
vHk;udk ausmcsif;uyf ay;&rSm jzpfyg
w,f/ NFC Tag eJY csdwfqufzdkY
NFC Smartphone &JU aemufausm
udk NFC Tag eJY xduyfay;&rSm
jzpfygw,f/
NFC udk Nexus 4, Galaxy
Nexus, Nexus 5, Galaxy S3 ,
Galaxy S4, Galaxy S5, HTC One
X, HTC One M8 wdkY tygt0if
tjcm; pGr;f aqmif&nfjrifh Android
Device rsm;rSm xnfhoGif;ay;xm;
ygw,f/ NFC udk toHk;jyK vdkY&wm

Android wpfckxJ r[kwfygbl;/

Nokia Lumia vdk Windows


Phone rsm;eJY HTC Windows
Phone 8X rS m vnf ; NFC
yg&Sdygw,f/ Black Berry Device
tawmf r sm;rsm;rS m vnf ; NFC
yg&SdMuygw,f/ Apple &JU iPhone
rsm;rSmawmh NFC Hardware ryg

&SdMuygbl;/

Mobile Payments
NFC udk aiGay;acswJh udp

rsm;rSm toHk;jyKEkdifygw,f/
Master Cards &JU PayPass u

NFC udk toHk;jyKygw,f/ NFC


Smartphone udk NFC aiGvufcw
H hJ
pufukd xdawGUay;Hk 'grSr[kwf puf
em;rSm prwfzkef;udk a0SU,rf;kHeJY
aiGay;acsjcif;udk vQifjrefpGm jyKvkyf
Ekid yf gw,f/ Google Wallet uvnf;
NFC udk toHk;jyKwmjzpf ygw,f/
San Francisco rSm NFC
Park-ing Meters rsm; &Sdygw,f/
NFC Phone udk Parking Meter

udk xdawGUHk jzifh um;&yfem;caiGudk


ay;acsEkdifygw,f/
a'wmrsm; udk BudK;rJh ay;ydkY
&,l E d k i f j cif ;
NFC Smartphone ESpfvHk;
Mum;rSm a'wmrsm;udk BudK;rJhay;ydkY
&,lEkdifygw,f/ Android Phone
rsm;rS m Web Page,Contact,
Photo, Video eJY tjcm; owif;t
csut
f vufrsm;udk vQijf refpmG ay;ydYk
&,lEkdifwJh Android Beam pGrf;
aqmifcsuf yg&Sdygw,f/ zkef;ESpfvHk;
udk ausmcsif;uyf xdawGUay;NyD; a'
wmrsm;udk ul;ajymif;Ekid yf gw,f/ zdik f
ul;ajymif;rIukd Blue-tooth quf
oG,frIrSwpfqifh jyKvkyfwm jzpfyg
w,f/ 'gayr,fh Pair jyKvkyfp&m
rvdb
k t
J vkyf yI f oufomapygw,f/

Gmail taumifhopfukd zkef;eHygwfrvkdbJ vG,fvG,fzGifhenf;


'Denf;ukd &SmrawGYvdkY ykdufqH
tukecf NH y;D awmh qkid rf mS oGm;zGi&hf wJh
tcuftcJukd ajyvnfoGm; apEkdif
r,fvdkY uwdjyKygw,f/
'Denf;uawmh rmwDu abmf
'g februarycrazy qDu awGUvm
wmyg/ *sDar;vf topfzGihfenf; 3
ckavmuf wifxm;wmawGUvdkY vdkuf
prf;&if; prf;&if;aemufqkH; 'D enf;eYJ
tdkauoGm;w,fAsm/ pdwf0if pm;&if
wpfqihfcsif; aocsmzwfNyD;
olajymwJhtwdkif;om aocsmvdkuf vkyfyg? vG,fygw,f/
Step 1.
vkyfMunhfaya&mh/ bmzkef; eHywfrS
https://hidemyass.com/ ukd
rawmif;ygbl;vkdY &mEIef;jynfh tmr
kdufxnfhzGifYyg/
cHygw,f/

BlackBerry eJY Windows


Phone rsm;rSmvnf; tJ'Denf;t

wdkif; jyKvkyf&wm jzpfygw,f/


NFC Tags
NFC Tags rsm;[m aps;EIef;
csdKom ygw,f/ prwfzkef; u NFC
Tag udk xdawGY&if jyKvkyfapcsifwJh
tvkyfudk NFC Tag rsm;rSm owf

rSwf&rSm jzpfygw,f/
Oyrmtm;jzifh ntdyf,m0if
&if prwf z k e f ; uk d Silent Mode
jyKvkyfavh&Sdol rsm; &SdMuygw,f/
tJ ' D v l r sm;[m aeY p Of a eY wd k i f ;
tdyf,m0if&if Silent Mode udk
udk,fwdkif ajymif;vJ&ygw,f/ 'Dvdk
udk,fwdkifajymif;vJrI rjyKvkyfcsif&if
NFC Tag udk toHk;jyKEkdifygw,f/
NFC Tag udk tdyf,m&JU ab;em;
u pm;yGJrSmxm;&Sd&rSm jzpfygw,f/
tdyf,m0if&if prwfzkef;udk NFC
Tag ay: wifvu
kd f eHk YJ Silent Mode
udk tvdk tavQmuf ajymif;ay;rSm
jzpfygw,f/
WiFi Network & JU SSID
eJ Y Password ygwJ h NFC Tag

rsm;udkvnf; jyKvkyfEkdifygw,f/ ol
i,fcsi;f rsm; oift
h rd u
f kd tvnfvm
&ifolwdkY&JUzkef;rsm;udk WiFi Netd x
f nfyY g/
/mail.google.com [k ku
Gmail &JU Features twkdif;
ay:vmayrnf/ Create an account ESdyfyg/
Step 3.

Step 2.
box xJ w G i f http://mail.
google.com kdufxnfYNyD; ab;u
Hide My Ass button ES d y f y g/
Access denied [kay:vQif https:/

zG H Y N zd K ;wd k ; wuf a &; owif ; *sme,f

atmufygtwkdif; ar;vft
aumifY vkyfEkdifygNyDAsm.../
wpfckawmY&Sdw,f/ Login
Name ukd Check Availability
awmYppfr&bl;/ tukefjznfYoGm;
aemufq;Hk Account vkyrf ,fvYdk ESyd f
vku
d w
f YJ tcgrS uk,
d x
f nfw
Y YJ Login
Name u r&&if jyefxnfY&w,f/
tJYwpfckawmh pdwf&Snf&w,fAs/
usew
f mbmrSjyemr&S/d uk,
d x
f nfh
wJh Login Name &NyDqkd&ifawmY
ar;vf topfvkyfNyD;oGm;ygNyD/ 'gqkd
atmufutwkdif; ay:vmyg r,f/

Sun, June 15, 2014


work udk Log On 0ifa&mufEkdifrSm
jzpfygw,f/ tJ'DtwGuf NFC Tag
[m Password rsm; kdufxnfh&wJh

tvkyfIyfrIudk oufomaprSm jzpf


ygw,f/
'gawG[m Oyrm tenf;i,f
omjzpfNyD; NFC Tag rsm;[m t
vkyfrsm;pGm jyKvkyf ay;Ekdifygw,f/
tjcm; toHk;0ifyHkrsm;
NFC &JU toHk;0ifyHkrsm;pGm &Sd
NyD; tenf;i,fudk atmufrSm azmfjy
ay;vdkufygw,f/ owif;tcsuft
vufrsm;udk vQijf ref pGm Download
jyKvkyfEkdifjcif;/ pD;yGm;a&; vkyfief;
rsm;? aMumfjimrsm;eJY xkwfukefrsm;
[m QR Code rsm;udk toH;k jyKMuyg
w,f/ QR Code rsm;udk prwfzkef;
&JU uifr&muae Scan jyKvkyfNyD;
owif;tcsut
f vufrsm;udk Munhf I
Ed k i f y gw,f / NFC uvnf; QR
Code &JU pGrf;aqmifcsufvdk jyKvkyf
ay;Ekdifygw,f/ owif;tcsuft
vufrsm; xnfhoGif; xm;wJh NFC
Chip udk prwfzkef;jzifh xdawGUay;Hk
eJY owif; tcsuftvufrsm;udk
vQif j ref p G m od E k d i f r S m jzpf y gw,f /
QR Code rSmvdk uifr&muae
Scan vky&
f wJh tvkyf yI rf rI sm; uif;
a0;apygw,f/
vH k N cH K a&;/ NFC Smartphone rsm;udk vHkNcHKa&;aomhtjzpf
toHk;jyKEkdifygw,f/ um;xkwf vkyf
olrsm;u NFC um;aomh rsm;udk
wDxGifaeMuygw,f/
xG u f c G m cG i f h v uf r S w f / t
csKd Uav aMumif;vdik ;f rsm;eJY armfawmf
um;vdik ;f rsm;rSm NFC Smartphone
udk toHk;jyKNyD; xGufcGmcGifhay;wJh
pepfudk prf;oyfaeMuygw,f/
tckaqmif;yg;rSm a&;om;
ay;vdkuf wmawGuawmh tckavm
avmq,frSm NFC &JU toHk;0ifyHk
rsm; jzpfygw,f/ tem*wfrSm NFC
enf;ynm[m ydkrdkwdk;wuf aumif;
rGefvmrSm jzpfygw,f/
Ref: M-digital life

Step 4.

uJ... taumifYopf & r&


gtalk rSmjzpfjzpf 0ifprf;MunfYvkduf
yg/ wcgwnf; rD;tpdrf;av;vif;
vma&mAsm.../
ol htqihftwdkif;vkyfNyD;vdkY
aemufqHk; NyD;oGm;vdkY *sDar;vfudk
Create vkyv
f u
kd &f if taumifo
h pf&
NyDvdkYrSwfaya&mh/ 'gqdk ckeuvkyfcJh
wJ h Username and password
ku
d Nf y;D 0ifcsi0f if/ odrYk [kwf https:/
/mail.google.com/mail udo
k mG ;Ny;D
0ifcsi0f ifEikd yf gNy/D odrYk [kwf *saD wmhcf
zGihfNyD; t&ifprf;MunhfEdkifygw,f/
olajymwJhtwdkif; rD;av;udk pdrf;ae
wmygyJ/
Ref: M-digital life

pmrsufESm - 25

Vol (3), No (7)

pmrsufESm - 26

CARTOON

zGHYNzdK;wdk;wufa&; owif;*sme,f

Sun, June 15, 2014

Vol (3), No (7)


we*F a EG

ASTROLOGY

cspfa&;qdkjcif; jyKvdrhfrnf/ oHa,m


ZOfrrsm;vQif aumif;ygrnf/ vuf
aqmifav;awG &vdrfhrnf/ c&D;a0;?
jynfyc&D;rsm; a&mufjzpfrnf/
tusdK;ay;*Pef; - 2? 3? 4/
txl;a[m - oifjyKonfu
h H yJw
h ifoH
oifhxH jyefvmygvdrhfrnf/
,Mwm - tdrfbk&m;udk uHhaumfnGefY
(15) GefYuyfyg/

tawG ; awG rsm;ae


rnf/ qHk;jzwfcsufawG
tcgcg csrrd nf/ tcuf
tcJ wpfc?k twdu
k t
f cH
wpfck &ifqdkifausmfvTm;&vdrfhrnf/
odkYaomf oifum; HI;edrfholr[kwfyg/
atmifEdkifol rkcsjzpfvdrfhrnf/ qkaiG
(odkY) r&nf&G,faom ae&mrS &aom
aiG0ifvmrnf/ tcspfESifh rdom;pk
wdkufyGJwpfck qifETJ&ovdk BuHKvdrfh
rnf/ oifpmar;yGJatmifrnf/ kwf t*F g
pdwaf wG Iyaf e&wwfyg
w&uf c&D;wpfckxGuf&rnf/
onf/ rdom;pkxJrS 1
tusdK;ay;*Pef; - 1? 0? 2/
a,muftwGuf pdwfIyf
txl;a[m - &J&ifhjcif;[m vbf
&jcif;ESifh tvkyfudptwGuf pdwfIyf
BuD;wpfck jzpfygw,f/
,Mwm - ta&SU&yf&Sd Ak'bk&m;udk &jcif; rsm;BuHKrnf/ if;tjyif oifh
cspfolrsm;twGuf pdwfxyfIyf &
atmifoajy 9 nGefYuyfvdkufyg/
vdrhfrnf/ qHk;jzwfcsuf? ydkif;jzwfcsuf
rjyKEdkifjzpfrnf/ raocsm? ra&&m
wevF m
b,folawG bmyJajym rI a wG M um;u a0zef c G J j cm;rI a wG
ajym? bmyJ v k y f v k y f qufaernf/ aiG0ifrnf/ a&T ? puf
udk,fhbufu tjrJwrf; 0ifrnf/ um;? qdkifu,f *kpdkuf
[kwfaeatmifBudK;pm;yg/ oifuH armif;yg/ kwfw&uf cdkufrdwwf
aumif; ygw,f/ olawmfaumif; w,f/ tpmtdrfa&m*g tenf;i,f
ewfaumif;aqmifrjcif; jzpfvdrhf ay:rnf/ ajrudp? tarGudp pum;
rnf / oif \ aumif ; owif ; awG ajym&wwf o nf / xD x d k ; yg/ xD
Mum;&ygvdrfhrnf/ pmar;yGJ ajzqdkrIU aygufudef;&Sdonf/
rsm;rk c satmif j rif y gvd r f h r nf / tusdK;ay;*Pef; - 3 ? 5 ? 4
cspfol\ awmif;yefrI csOf;uyfrIawG txl;a[m - atmifjrifrI
jzpfvmrnf/ cifrifolu oifhtm; &vdrhfrnf/

,Mwm - t*FgaeYwGif tdrfbk&m;udk vdkuf? pdwfqif;&JvdkufESifh jzpfae&


tkef;qGrf; ESifh b,maMumf 1 ck wwfygonf/ wpfrsdK;wpfzHk pDjzpf
aewwf *kpdkufyg/ olrsm;pum;
uyfvSLyg/
wpfqifhpum;udk t&rf;r,HkESifh pdwf
Ak ' [ l ;
vdkufrmefyg rjyKrIESifh avajyav
&nf&G,fcsufawG wpf nSif;av;ESifh om,mpNrJyg/ onf;
ckjyD;wpfck atmifjrif cHjcif; [matmifjrif&m\ qdkovdk
rnf/ tcspfa&;? ynm *k p d k u f q if j cif y g/ 0rf ; omp&m
a&;? pD;yGm;a&;? tvkyf tudkifawG uawmh tcspfa&; udk,fhbufygvm
rkcsatmifjrifrnf/ usef; rma&; rnf/ rarQmfvifhaomae&mrS aiG
tpmtd r f e mwwf *k p d k u f yg/ aMu;0ifvmrnf/ 0tjyif tvkyf&
odkYaomf tE&m,fr&Sdyg/ cspf olxHrS ygrnf/ ae&mxdkifcif; ajymif;&wwf
vuf a qmif wpf c k & vd r f h r nf / onf/
c&D;a0;jynfy? c&D;awGa&mufrnf/ tusdK;ay;*Pef; - 5 ? 6 ? 7
tdrfajymif;jcif;? ae&majymif;jcif; txl;a[m - vl,Hkrxm;&/
awGjzpfrnf/ tvky&f mxl; wufrnf/ ,Mwm - Mumoyaw;aeYrSm ydkufqH
atmifbmav xDaygufued ;f &So
d nf/ 100 usyfBuJyg/
xDxdk;yg/ aqGrsdK;om;csif;rsm; *kPf rkefwdkif;Nidrfawmh avajy avSif;
,lp&m vkyf&yfwpfck oifvkyfjyEdkif wdkufcwfNyD; om,mvmovdk oifh&JU
vdrfhrnf/
uHvnf; rkefwdkif;qefqef BuHKcJhjcif;
tusdK;ay;*Pef; - 9? 8? 6/
jzpf avajyS i f ; 0if v movd k
txl;a[m - uHaumif;onf/ atmif
aomMum
jrifrI&rnf/
pd w f c srf ; om
rI r sm;
,Mwm Ak'[l;aeUwGif wefcdk;BuD;
,ckBuHKvmygvdrfh rnf/
bk & m;\ vuf a rmif ; awmf r sm;ud k
tBuD;tuJwdkY\ ajrmuf
a&TouFef;uyfvSLyg/
pm;rI c H &ygrnf / tvk y f t ud k i f
tqifajyygrnf/ aiG0ifaumif;vm
Mumoyaw;
taumif;ESifh tqdk;? ygrnf/ c&D;,m,DawG oGm;&ygrnf/
tylESifh tat; 'GefwGJ pD ; yG m ;a&; tqif a jyvmygrnf /
aeovd k pd w f c srf ; om cspfol topfawGUygrnf/ ae&mopf

Sun, June 15, 2014


wpfckajymif;&ygrnf/
pmar;yGJatmifjrifygrnf/ a&T ? puf
wdkY 0ifvmygrnf/
tusdK;ay;*Pef; - 6? 7? 8/
txl;a[m - uHaumif;rnf/
,Mwm - aomMumaeYwGif opfoD;
(9) rsd K ; (od k U ) opf o D ; (3) rsd K ;
tdrfbk&m; uyfvSLyg/
pd w f a vaernf / wpf ck N yD ; wpf c k
oifhxH uH aumif;jcif;awG 0ifvm
pae

rnf/ tultnD ay;ol


awG ay:vmrnf/ t
vkyftudkifawG 0ifvm
rnf / rk c stqif a jy
rnf/ c&D;a0;,m,DawG oGm;&rnf/
puf ? a&T ? ajrwdkY0ifrnf/ udk,fht
a&;? rdom;pkta&;rsm; tqifajy
rnf/ xDaygufudef;&Sd xDxdk;yg/
udk,fydkifpyfwl &S,f,mvkyfief;rsm;
atmifjrif vdrfhrnf/ vlrsdK;uGJESifh
&S,f,mvkyfjcif;jynfyESifh qufEG,f
aom vkyfief;rsm; txl;tusdK;ay;
ygrnf/ tcspfa&;rSm vufxyfjzpf
rnf/ rdbwdkYu cGifhjyKvdkufvdrfhrnf/
tusdK;ay;*Pef; - 7? 9? 2/
txl;a[m - atmifjrifygrnf/
,Mwm - tdrfbk&m;udk paeaeUwGif
&GufvS (17) nGefU uyfvSLyg/

BOOK REVIEW

1969 ckESpf umvtxd &ckdif pmaytcif;tusif;tm; avhvmokH;oyfxm;onfh pmtkyfjzpfonf/ 1969 ZGefv 2


&ufaeYu &efuek f 0dZm ESio
hf yd w
H uov
dk f ,k'oefcrf;raqmifwiG f &ckid t
f rsKd ;om;ESihf pmay,Ofaus;rI aumfrwD\ a[majymyGJ
wifoGif;chJonfh pmwrf;jzpfonf/
&ck d i f p maytajctaet& (1) pmay? &ck d i f p may? (2) pmay\ yk H o @ef t aMumif ; t&m? &ck d i f p may\
ykHo@eftaMumif;t&m? (3) &ckdifuAsmwGif awGU&Sd&aom tawG;tac:BuD; okH;&yf? (4) ed*kH;[l av;ykdif;cGJwifjy xm;onf/
rsufarSmufacwf &ckdifpmay ta&;tom;ESifh pmayzefwD;rI tawG;tac:rsm;ukd avhvmvkdufpm;olrsm; taejzifh
aqmifxm;&efoifhonfh pmaumif;jzpfonf/ usrf;ukd; &nfGef; &ckdif-jrefrm pmtkyfpOf 128 tkyfyg&SdNyD; t*Fvdyfbmomjzifh
15 cefY yg0ifonf/
&ckdifpmay ykHo@eftm; tykdif;BuD; av;ykdif;wifjyxm;onfrSm rSwfom;p&maumif;vSygonf/ &mZ0ifoD csif;rS
jynfolYuAsmtxd okH;oyfjyxm;NyD; &ckdiftawG;tac:ESifh aemufwkdif; tawG;tac:rsm;ukd EIdif;,SOfjy xm;onfrSmvnf;
pdwf0ifpm;zG,faumif;ygonf/
pma&;ol\ &nf&G,fcsufrSm &ckdifukd csif;? ucsif? &Srf;? u,m;? rGef? jrefwkdY em;vnfzkdY &ckdifukd urmhvlom; wpf&yfvkH;
em;vnfzkdY &nf&G,fygonf[k od&onf/ pma&;olukd,fwkdif trSmpma&;om;xm;NyD; q&marmifckdifatmif? &ckdifvSjrifhwkdY
yg0ifa&;om;xm;Muonf/
1996 ckESpf Ekd0ifbmvwGif yxrtBudrftjzpf pmtkyfta&twGuf 500? wef; - 70 usyf? rsufESmzkH; cGifhjyKcsuf
149^96 (3)? pmrIcGifhjyKcsuf 700^95 (10) ESifh &ckdifom;BuD;pmay\ pmtkyfpOf trSwf 16 jzifh xkwfa0jzefYcsdchJonf[k
od&onf/
pma&;ol
pHausmfxGef;
'k,tBudrftjzpf xkwfa0&ef oifhawmfonfh pmtkyfaumif;wpftkyfjzpfNyD; ,aeYtcsdefxd jyefvnfxkwfa0cGifh
pmtkyfemrnf &ckdifuAsmESifh &ckdiftawG;tac: rjyKvkyfao;ay/

JOKE

wpfcgu {nfo
h nfEpS af ,muf[m urf;ajcwnf;ckcd ef;wpfcu
k dk wnf;ckzd Ydk a&mufvmMuw,f/ olwu
Ydk dk ae&mcsxm;ay;wJh tapmift
h bk;d Bu;D u ]]vluav;wkYd vdt
k yfwm&S&d if bukad jymaemf?
bmrStm;remeJY}}vkdY vmrSmowJh? {nfhonf ESpfa,mufvJ [kwfuJhqkdNyD; a&csKd;? tem;,l? wa&;warmtdyfeJY nae a&mufoGm;ygava&m? naea&mufawmh olwkdYESpfa,mufu t&uf
aomufcsifvmw,f/ {nfhonfawGqkdawmh b,foGm;0,fvkdY 0,f&rSef; rodbl;aygh? 'Dawmh wpfa,mufu ]]tkd tbkd;BuD;uawmh vdktyfwm&Sd&if ajymygvkdY rSmxm;w,f? olYukdajym &atmifvm;}}
vkdY wkdifyifNyD; tbkd;BuD;ukd ac:ajymowJh ]]b bukd ajym&rSm tm; awmhemyg&JU }} ]] tm;remygeJY armif&,f? ajymr,fhomajymyg }} ]]ajym&r,fqkd&ifawmh uRefawmfwkdY t&ufaomufcsifvdkY
tJ'gb,frSm 0,f&if&rvJ}} vdkY ar;owJh tJ'Dtcg tbkd;BuD;u - ]]aomufcsifoyqkd 0,fvkdY&ygh? tdrfodyfra0;ayr,fh rif;wkdY oGm;wwfrSmr[kwfbl;/ vrf;BuKdvrf;Mum; tauGYtaumufu
rsm;w,fuG,fh }} ]] 'gjzifh uRefawmfwkdY b,fvkd vkyf&rvJ }} ]]uJuJ rif;wkdY odyfaomufcsifae&ifawmh b 0,fay;yghr,f }} qkdNyD; tbkd;BuD;u 0,fay;owJh? tbkd;BuD; 0,fay;wJh t&ufwpfvkH;
ukd aomufvkdufwm ukefoGm;a&m odyfrrl;ao;wmeJY {nfhonfESpfa,mufu ]] b vmygtkH; }} ]] bmrsm;vJuG,fh }} ]] tm;awmhemyg&JU? uRefamwfwkdY enf;enf;vkdaeao;vkdY wpfvkH;avmuf
0,fay;ygtkH; }} ]] &ygw,f? &ygw,f }} qkdNyD; tbkd;BuD;u 0,fay;jyefowJh? tJ'Dt&ufvJ wpfvkH;om ukefa&m rl;rvmbJjzpfaewmeJY aemufxyfwpfvkH; xyf0,fckdif;vkdufNyD;awmh
]]oli,fcsif; wkdY rl;oifh&ufeJY rrl;vmygvm; }} ]][kwfygh? t&ufu ppfrS ppf&JUvm; rodbl;}} ]]tif; igawmh a&a&mwmawGeJY rdaeNyD xifwmyJ? teH t&omrysufbJeJY rrl;wmqkdawmh
pOf;pm;prf; wkdYt0,fckdif;aewJh tbkd;BuD;rsm; a&a&ma&movm; rqkdEkdif}} ]]jzpfEkdifw,fuG 'Dwpfcg tbkd;BuD; jyefvm&if wkdYar;Munfh&atmif}} vkdY ajymNyD; tbkd;BuD; jyefvmwJhtcg
ar;MuowJh/ ]]b t&ufawGukd a&rsm;a&mvmovm;? uRefawmfwkdY aommufaewm okH;vkH;ukefvkdY av;vkH;a&mufNyD ckxd rrl;ao;bl;}} vkdY ar;vkdufw,f/ ]] vlav;&,f? b tvum; tJovkd
uH c Ref
vkyfyghrvm;vkdY}} jyefajz&if;uae rl;vJoGm;owJh/ tbkd;BuD;u aomufaomufNyD; a& jyefa&ma&m vmwmukd;/
zG H Y N zd K ;wd k ; wuf a &; owif ; *sme,f

pmrsufESm - 27

Vol (3), No (7)

pmrsufESm - 28

Sun, June 15, 2014

zGHYNzdK;wdk;wufa&; owif;*sme,f

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