SENSORS

KRISHNA SHAH
PRABIN BHANDARI
SUBASH GAUTAM
SURESH BHANDARI

SENSOR
DEVICE-DETECTS AND RESPONDS OF INPUT FROM THE
PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT
THE SPECIFIC INPUT EG: LIGHT, HEAT, MOTION, MOISTURE,
PRESSURE, ETC
CONVERTER- THAT MEASURES A PHYSICAL QUANTITY AND
CONVERTS IT INTO A SIGNAL WHICH CAN BE READ BY AN
OBSERVER OR BY AN (TODAY MOSTLY ELECTRONIC)
INSTRUMENT.




TYPES OF
SENSOR

1. LIGHT SENSOR
2. ACCELEROMETERS
3. PRESSURE SENSORS
4. BIOCHEMICAL
5. TEMPERATURE SENSOR
6. PIEZOELECTRIC SENSOR
7. ULTRASONIC SENOR
8. MAGNETIC FIELD SENSOR
9. BIOMEDICAL SENSOR
10. TEMPERATURE






LIGHT
SENSOR
LIGHT SENSORS ARE USED IN CAMERAS,
INFRARED DETECTORS, AND AMBIENT
LIGHTING APPLICATIONS-
GALVANIC SKIN TEST
SENSOR IS COMPOSED OF PHOTOCONDUCTOR
SUCH AS A PHOTO RESISTOR, PHOTODIODE,
OR PHOTOTRANSISTOR
ACCELEROMETER
SENSOR
GLUCOSE DETECTION
ACCELEROMETERS ARE USED TO
MEASURE ALONG ONE AXIS AND IS
INSENSITIVE TO ORTHOGONAL
DIRECTIONS

PRESSURE
SENSOR
HEART RATE
RESPIRATORY
SYSTEMS

CHEMICAL SENSOR
VITAL SIGNS
DETECT AND
IDENTIFY LOW
CONCENTRATIONS
OF CHEMICALS
PIEZOELECTRIC
SENSOR

ULTRASONIC
SENSOR
POSITION MEASUREMENTS
SOUND WAVES EMITTED ARE IN THE RANGE OF 2-13 MHZ
SOUND NAVIGATION AND RANGING (SONAR)
RADIO DETECTION AND RANGING (RADAR)
ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES !!

CO
2
GAS SENSOR
CO
2
SENSOR MEASURES
GASEOUS CO
2
LEVELS IN
AN ENVIRONMENT

MEASURES CO
2
LEVELS
IN THE RANGE OF 0-5000
PPM

MONITORS HOW MUCH
INFRARED RADIATION IS
ABSORBED BY CO
2

MOLECULES
Infrared Source IR Detector
6/19/2014
PHOTOGATE
PHOTOGATES ARE USED IN
COUNTING APPLICATIONS (E.G.
FINDING PERIOD OF PERIOD
MOTION)

INFRARED TRANSMITTER AND
RECEIVER AT OPPOSITE ENDS
OF THE SENSOR

TIME AT WHICH LIGHT IS BROKEN
IS RECORDED
NEED FOR SENSORS
SENSORS ARE PERVASIVE. THEY ARE
EMBEDDED IN OUR BODIES, AUTOMOBILES,
AIRPLANES, CELLULAR TELEPHONES,
RADIOS, CHEMICAL PLANTS, INDUSTRIAL
PLANTS AND COUNTLESS OTHER
APPLICATIONS.

WITHOUT THE USE OF SENSORS, THERE
WOULD BE NO AUTOMATION !!
IMAGINE HAVING TO MANUALLY FILL POLAND
SPRING BOTTLES
CHOOSING A SENSOR
CONCLUSION
THERE ARE CERTAIN FEATURES WHICH HAVE TO BE CONSIDERED WHEN WE CHOOSE A SENSOR.
THEY ARE AS GIVEN BELOW:
1. ACCURACY
2. ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITION - USUALLY HAS LIMITS FOR TEMPERATURE/ HUMIDITY
3. RANGE - MEASUREMENT LIMIT OF SENSOR
4. CALIBRATION - ESSENTIAL FOR MOST OF THE MEASURING DEVICES AS THE READINGS
CHANGES WITH TIME
5. RESOLUTION - SMALLEST INCREMENT DETECTED BY THE SENSOR
6. COST
7. REPEATABILITY - THE READING THAT VARIES IS REPEATEDLY MEASURED UNDER THE SAME
ENVIRONMENT

ANY
QUESTION???
THANK-YOU