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K

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t
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10

10

T
T V T
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1

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11

:13

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:14 . 1 2

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12

12

:15 .

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r
z

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:13 .
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2 T T1 .

) R1 R 2 (.

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r R1

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sin r sin R1

(2
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14

14

8 R A C A

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CAS
C

9 . ) (Plug
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h R .

dT
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(T Tw ) (1
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2h
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) (83

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2h
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10 )(
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13 exp( a2 )da :

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15

15 2cm .
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T
H r k(1 ) m (1
t

H r k(1 )m (3

2T
2

T 2T

H r k(1 ) m (2
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16 .
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r

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20

21 . .

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kr

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16

16

22 . A .

) (86

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Vr (r, ),V (r, ) (3

Vr (r, ),V (r), V() (4

23 A DA )

( k s A ) (CA
) ) ( (86

D A 2 C A
(r
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r
r 2 r
D A 2 C A
C
(r
) k s C A A (3
2 r
r
t
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(r
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r 2 r
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24 . H

u . Bf k f Lu2 k f ) . u L (
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=g

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Ap
dh

u
dt A t
At

du
u p
u

(1
dt
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k
gh
f u 2 (2
L A p

uA p

Ap
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u
dt A t
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k
du gh

f u 2 (3
dt
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k
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f u 2 (4
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) ) ( (86

h
u
L

h H

25 .

Tw ) V Cp h
R( . z .

) (86

dT
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(T Tw ) (1
dZ V RC p

dT
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(Tw T) (2
dZ V RC p

dT
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(Tw T) (3
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dT
4h

(T Tw ) (4
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(A
26 A ) (V 2B) B

V
. )

dCB
C
kCB B (1
dt

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C
2kC A B (3
dt

dCA C B C B

2kCA (2
dt

dCA C A C A

kCA (4
dt

) (86

17

27 ) .

=R (. =h

1 T
(r ) a (1
r r r

) (86
r

) :a (

k T
2T
R
(r ) k
h (T T ) (2
r r r
r
z2

T ,h
z

To

1 T
2T
(r ) k
3
r r r
z2
T
R
h (T T ) (4
z
r

2T
2

28 .

(1
(2
(3
(4

) (87

)C1I (r
)C1I (r) C2K (r
)C1J (r
)C1J (r) C2Y (r

29 .

Vx Vy

(1
y
x

Vx Vy

(2
x
y

Vy

Vx Vx

(4
x
y

(3

) (87

Vy
y

y
x

30 . .

C
2C
(1
D
y
y2

C
k(C C ) (2
y

C
2C 2C
( D

) (3
y
x2 y2

C
2C
D
k(C C ) (4
y
y2

) (87

31 A B .

k ) (s 1
A ) (m2

m
U )
s

L
) ) ( (87

c(x) c1ex c2e x (1

c(x) c1x c2 x (2

c(x) (c1 c2 x)ex (3

c(x) eax (c1 sin x c2 cos x) (4

18

18

32

h T k) . ) ( (87

d
) dT h(T T
(x )
(1
dx dx
2k
d
) dT h(T T
(x )
(2
dx dx
2k
d
dT
) 2h(T T
(x )
(3
dx dx
k
d
dT
) 2h(T T
(x )
(4
dx dx
k

33 . U A p

h k

2H

U dT hp

(T T ) (1
dx kA

U dT hp

(T T ) (3
dx kA

d2 T
2

dx

d2 T
2

dx

U dT hp

(T T ) (2
dx kA
U dT hp

(T T ) (4
dx kA

) (87

d2 T
2

h,T

dx
2

dT
2

dx
k

1
2
A A C A
B
34 ) Batch( C

R B k 1CnA k 2Cm R A k 1CnA

B,C . B .

n 1 m 2 ) CB (t

dCB
k1C A exp( k2 t) k1C2B (1
dt
dCB
k2C A exp(k1t) k2C2B (3
dt

) (87

dCB
k1C A exp( k1t) k2C2B (2
dt
dCB
k2C A exp( k2t) k1C2B (4
dt

35 R c i ) ( .

) (87

1 c
1 2c
(r )
(1
r r r r 2 2

1 c 2c
(r )
(2
r r r z2

1 2 c
1 2c
(r
)
(3
r
r 2 r
r2 2

1 2 c 2c
(r
)
(4
r z2
r 2 r

Ci

36 ) ( r N A
) (87

1d
(N A ) (1
r dr

d 3
(r N A ) (2
dr

1 d NA
(
) (3
r 2 dr r

d 2
(r N A ) (4
dr

37 . .............. .

38 . Rod .

(2

(1

) (88

(3

(4

) (88

Vz
P 1

rrz (1
t
z r r
V

P 1
Vz z
(
(rrz ) zz ) (3
z
z
r r
z

Vz
P 1

rrz (2
z
z r r
V

P 1
z
(
(rrz ) zz ) (4
t
z
r r
z
Vz

19

39

) (88

T Tb C1J (x) (1
T Tb C1I (x) (2

T Tb C1J (x) C2Y ( x) (3

T Tb C1I ( x) C2K ( x) (4

40 h )
) (88
(.
h

)(1

)(2

)(3

)(4

41 a . Ti . t

a Ta ) (.
) (88

1 T
(1
t

2T
2

T
r T
(r )
(3
r r
t

r T
(2
t

2T
2

T
a T
(r )
(4
r r
t

Ta

20

20

1 4

1 T
q
q 2T
: :
t
k
1 T
1 2T 2T
: 2T
(r )

r r r
r2 2 z2
:
1 T
T
T
T C1
(r ) (r ) r
C1

T C1Lnr C2
r r r
r r
r
r
r
C1 C2 :

: Ln .

B.C.1 : r a
B.C.2 : r b

T T T C1Lna C2
T T1 T1 C1Lnb C2

T1 T
Lnb Lna
T T
T T
T 1 . Lna C2 C2 T 1 Lna
Lnb Lna
Lnb Lna
T T Lnr Lna

T1 T Lnb Lna

C1

:
:
2 4 1 .
v
3 1
t
P
.

z
v
n ( ) n .
t
:
.

4 3 : 3 4 1 2 .
1
T
) 2 (r2 4
r
r r
.
| NA
r dr
: dr :

dm
dt

N A | r N A | r dr ( rA )V

= :
r

C
rA kC n m CV V 4r 2dr A 4r 2
r

4r 2dr :

| NA

dr

N A D.A

N A
dm
dr ( rA )V

r
dt

C
C
D [4r2 ]dr kCn 4r 2dr 4r 2dr
r
r
t
C D 2 C

(r . ) kC n
t r 2 r
r

21

5 3 ) (r, ,z .
z .
)C C(t ,r ,
.:
DV
0 p g
Dt

6 3 :
Vz
t )
t
Vz
V
) . ( :
4 rz z
z
r

Vz
p 1

) (rrz
t
z r r

7 3 : y x . B y
c
)
y

(u )

. :

2c
y2

2c
2

(D

. x B A .

c
2c
(D ) y
) x
y
x2
:
x y L
) ( .
B y
x
.

x x

) (N B .A

) (N B .A

) (N B .A

y y

CB
x

(u 3 .
y

)(N B .A

) (N B .A
x x

)(N B .A

y y

C B .u , N B

)(N B .A

)(N B .A

A x.L , A y.L , N B

N B
N
C
2C B
.y y.L B .x u B D

y
x
y
x 2

x.L

8 3 : 1 2
dC
)
dt
1 c
. 4 .
) (r
r r r
: :

( .

C A C As :

r dr

|)(N A .A

= :

dn
)(N A .A) (N A .A
A
r
r dr
dt

dr
r

|)(N A .A

dCA
, A 2rL , n A C A .V ,V 2rLdr
dr
dn
dC
d
d
d
(N A .A)dr A
)(D.2rL A ).dr (C A .2rLdr
dr
dt
dr
dr
dt
1 d dC A
1 dC A
(r
)
r dr
dr
D dt
N A D

:
2rLdrD :

22

22
9 2 : z
. :

d2T
dz2

3 4 .

dT
z . :
dz
1 2 .

:Tw T T Tw
:
plug ) (r

z .
dz R :

q z dz

: q q

z
z dz

q z

dz

) R 2 ( pT vC p AT ; A
q mC

) 2Rdz ( hA(T Tw ) ; A
dq
dT
dz hA(T Tw ) vC p .R 2dz
h.2Rdz(T Tw )
dz
dz
dT
2h

(T Tw )
dz v RCp

vCp .R 2dz:

10 1 .
:
1

) (

: 2

) (
) (
) (

: 3 :
= :
| Q
|
Q
=
x dx

d2T

dx2 k
dCA
k1C A
dt
dCB
k1C A k2C B
dt
dCC
k2C B
dt

x dx

|
Q

|
Q

mCT

Q
) hpdx(Tw T uACT

) (

dT
dT
hp
dx h.(Tw T)pdx

)(Tw T
dx
dx uAC

11 4

. v ) (1 ) (2 v r
.
. .

uAC

23

12 4 : ) ( .
1 T
) (r
r r r

:
4.
:
dr :

:

dr

)(q.A) (q.A
) hA(T T
r
r dr
dT
q k
, A 2r
dr
A .:
A 2 2rdr
d
(q.A)dr hA(T T )
:
dr
d dT
d dT 2h
k2 (r )dr h 2 2rdr(T T )
(r ) r(T T )
dr dr
dr dr
k
T
T
x

q |x kA
| x
x
x

13 2

: q kA

exp( a 2 )da

x
t

T(x, t) B

T
x
x
B
x2
B
x T
B ( ) exp( ( )2 )
exp( )

|x
x
x t
t
x
t
t
t
kAB
q |x
t

14 3 ) (r z
:
.
:
B B |z m B |zdz
: m B
D2
dz
4

B |z
m

B |z dz
m

dz

n
rB .V kCA hDdz(CB ) hDCBdz B B CB uA ,
m

:
D2
dz
4
h .

u :

2
d
D2
n D
(C B u )dz hDCBdz kC A

dz
dz
4
4
dCB k n 4h
CA
CB
dz
u
uD

15 4

) q ( :

C T
q
2T
k t
k

d
2
dt C T k T H k(1 )m
r
k
t
x2

Hr .

C T 2T

k t x2

24

24

16 2

= :
dm dV
d

V
dt
dt
dt

: q

d
V d

q
dt
dt

q V

17 4 .

18 2 :

) : (q.A
)x dx (q.A
x
x

) hp(T T
: p : T

2b

dx

A x . x .

b
b
A ( x)2 x
H
H
b
1
d
b
1
dT

()p (2 x
)dx
;
(q.A)dx
( h2 x
)(T T )dx , q k
H
cos
dx
H cos
dx
x .

r A r 2

d
b
d
b
1
([k( x)2 ]dx h2 x
)dx , T T
dx
H
dx
H cos

d
2hx

dx k b cos
H

2x

d2
2

x2

dx

1 C
19 4 : ) (r
r r r
2C
. 1 3 .

z2
C
2 . ) (u .
z
:
) ( .

+ :
)(Ni .A) (Ni .A
) (N i .A) (N i .A
ri V
r
r dr
z
z dz

dr
dz

Ci
C
, Ni D i , A 2rdz , A 2rdr , V 2rdrdz
r
z
r
z

(Ni .2rdz)dr (N i .2rdr)dz ri .2rdrdz

:
r
z
2Ci
C
D (r i ) Dr
ri .r
2drdz Ni:
r r
z2
D

Ni

2Ci
D Ci
(r
)D
ri
r r r
z2

25

20 2 ) (x2 y xy (x2 p2 )y :
2T

:1
z2
1 T
.
:2 ) (r
r r r
) R(r :
r2R rR 2r2R
:3

2T
y2

2T
x 2

2T
z2

2T
y2

2T
x2

4 3

2T

z2

21 3 N r R :
=
C
CN
k(C C N ) D N 1
r

N1

C
r
r
kr
kr
kr
( (C C N ) C N 1 C N
1)C N C N 1
C N 1 C N C .
D
D
D

D r

22 1 3 v , v , v r . , . v v
r ) . v r (r, v r .
CA
u.CA D2C A R A
t

23 2 A :
C A
) (u )
t

( :
) R A k sCA (A D2C A R A
D 2 C A
(r
) k s CA
r
r 2 r

24 3 :
) (1 k f .
) (2 uA p u ) (h .
) (4 h H ) (h .
: :

)d(mu
F Fp Ff
dt

m v A p L , Fp pA ghA p , Ff k f Lu2
:
du
du gh k f 2
ghA p k f Lu2

u
dt
dt
L A p

A p L

26

26
:

dm
uA p
, m v , m
dt
Ap
dV
d
dh

uA p , V A t h
(A t h) uA p

u
dt
dt
dt A t
At
in m
out
m

25 2 : z
. :

d2T
dz2

3 4 .

dT
z . :
dz
1 2 .

:Tw T T Tw

:
plug ) (r
z
. dz R :

q z dz

: q q

z
z dz

q z

dz

) R 2 ( pT vC p AT ; A
q mC

) 2Rdz ( hA(T Tw ) ; A
dq
dT
dz hA(T Tw ) vC p .R 2dz
h.2Rdz(T Tw )
:
dz
dz
dT
2h

(T Tw )
vCp .R 2dz:
dz v RCp
26 3 CA CB.
:A
:B
B A.

= + :

dCA
dC A
C

A KCA
dt
dt

dCB
dC B
C
C B 2KCA V V

2KCA B
dt
dt

C A KC A V V

27 .
1 T 2T
(r )
r r r
z2

:
1 DT
q
) 2T
Dt
K

2 T

( :

1 T 2T
(r )

r r r
z2

2 T 2 T

:
:1 ) (a
.
:2
.

27

:3 k .
T
:4 .
z

u .

dr

dz

) (q.A
)
)(q.A
) (q.A
(q.A

z
z dz
r
r dr
T
T
, q z k
r
z

A 2rdr , A 2rdz , q r k

)dr
(q.A)dz
(q.A
z
r

T
(k.2rdr )dz (k.2rdz )dr
z
z
r
r

1 T
(r )
r r r

k2rdrdz:

2T
2

28 1 r :
:

(Ni .A) |r dr (Ni .A) |r R i .V

dC
Ni D i , A 2rL , R i kCi , V 2rLdr
dr
r Ni .

(N i .A ) |r d r

dCi
)
dr dr kC 2rLdr
i
dr

d(r

(N i .A ) |r

)d(Ni .A
dr R i V D2L
dr

D2rLdr :
1 d dCi
k
d2Ci
dC
k
(r
) Ci r2
r i r 2C i
r dr dr
D
dr
dr D

r :Ci

Ci (r) C1I (r) C2K (r)

C2
)Ci C1I (r

29 2
t
:

.(v) .

Vx Vy

x
y

cte .V

30 3 : x, y . y
C
)
y

2C
x 2

(D.

(u )

2C
2

(D . x

28

28
: x y
L ) ( :
|ydy m
|y
: (N.A) |x (N.A) |x dx (N.A) |ydy (N.A) |y m
u.C.Ldx
, m

C
C
, N |y D
x
y

|y dy
(N.A ) |y dy m

(N.A) |x

(N.A) |x dx

A dy.L , A dx.L , N |x D
|y
m

(N.A ) |y

y .

) (N.A
) (N.A
m

dx
dy
dy
x
y
y
C
dy
y

dy uLdx

2C
y2

dx DLdx
C
y

Ldxdy :

)u

2C
x 2

2C
y2

DLdy

2C
x2

(D

CA
u.CA D2C A R A
31 1 : A :
t
) (x :

dCA
d2 C A
d2C A U dC A k
D
kC A

CA
dx
D dx
D
dx2
dx2
2
U
k
U
k
m2 m ( ) 4
:
D
D
D
D
C A (x) c1ex c2e x
) (, :
:
U

(N A .A) |x dx

(N A .A) |x

A |x
m

A |x dx
m

dCA
R A kCA V kCA Adx A C A U.A , A R 2 A
, m
dx
(N A .A) |x (N A .A) |x dx (C A .U.A) |x (C A .U.A) |x dx (kC A Adx) , A
:
NA D

dN A
dC
d2 C A
dC
d2C A U dC A k
dx U A dx kC A dx D
U A kC A

CA
dx
dx
dx
D dx
D
dx2
dx 2
.

32 3 :

) : (q.A
)|x dx (q.A
|x

) hp(T T

: p : T
H 1 . :

)2H w(x
dx

dx
)
cos

h.2(1

A x x .
w(x) x
) w(x) 2x A 2x (
2H
H

A w(x).1 ,

29
2
1

2
2

45 . :

cos

d
1
dT

(q.A)dx
2h
(T T )dx , q k
dx
cos
dx
x .
d
dT
d
dT
) 2h(T T
(k.2x )dx 2h 2 (T T )dx
(x )

dx
dx
dx dx
k

33 1 dx
.

)(q.A
x dx

dT
dx
mCT :

Q
UACT
:

)(q.A
x

k q :

hpdx(T T )

x dx

Q
x

Q
x dx
dx

x dx

) (q.A

)(q.A

:
dT
dx hp(T T )dx
dx

dx UAC

d2 T
2

KA

dx

d
dQ

(q.A)dx

; dx hp(T T )dx
dx
dx

d T U dT hp
K

(T T ) ,
dx dx kA
C

KAdx:

dCB
R B k1C A k2C2B
dt

34 2 B :
CA A .:

dC A
dC A
R A k1CA
k1dt LnC A k1t A
dt
CA

) (C A () C A:
CA
) k1t CA CA exp( k1t
CA

LnC A A LnC A LnC A k1t Ln

) CB (t .

dCB
k1C A exp( k1t) k2C2B
dt

35 1 :1 i :
DCi Ci

u.Ci D2Ci R i
,D
Dt
t
) ( 2Ci .

:
.

1 Ci
1 2Ci 2Ci
Ci
(r
)

r r r
r 2 2
z2
2

: ) ( .

z z

1 Ci
1 2Ci
(r
)

r r r
r 2 2

30

30
1 C
. 3 4
:2 ) (r
r r r
. ) (z z . 2
.
: ) (dr,d,L .
)(Ni .A) (Ni .A
) (Ni .A) (Ni .A

r
r dr

d
Ci
C
, Ni D i

r
r

:
1

r

C
C

(rd.L i )dr D (dr.L i )d

r
r

dr

1 .

Ni

A rd.L , A L.dr

(Ni .A)dr (Ni .A)d

r

Ci 1 2Ci

(r
)

r r
r 2

1 2 C
(r
)
36 4 : :
r
r 2 r
1 d 2 C
d 2
(r
)
(r N A )
:
2 dr
r
dr
r
: dr .
dr
:

)(N A .A) (N A .A

r
r dr

C
, A 4r2
r
d
d
d
(N A .A)dr (N A .4r 2 )dr
(N A .r2 )
dr
dr
dr
N A D

37 2
t
.

.(V) . :

cte .V

38 3 ) ( :

V
V V V
V
DV
1
1 z zz P
[ . P g ( z Vr z z Vz z )
(rz )

]
Dt
t
r
r
z
r r
r
z
z
) ( z :

VZ
)
z

Vz

1
P
[
(rrz ) zz ]
z
r r
z
z

(Vr V ,

Vz

39 2
.
y
)1 J (x

)Y (x
x

)K (x

)I (x

x
x

31

x T
: ) (x . :
) K (x ) Y (x .:
K (x)
Y (x)
,

x
x

3 4 .
. ) J (x x
. 1 .
) I (x x )( 2 .
:

:

) : (q.A

) (q.A

x dx
x
y
) hp(T Tb
)b w(x

:P : Tb
x
L .:
dx
) h.2.dx(T Tb
L
A x . x .
W(x) x
xb
xb
W(x)
A W(x). ,

A
b
L
L
L
d
dT

(q.A)dx
h.2dx(T Tb ) , q k
:
dx
dx
x + .
d
xb dT
(k
) . )dx h.2dx(T Tb
dx
L dx
d
dT
2hL

( (x )
)(T Tb )
kb dx:
dx dx
kb
L
d
d
2
hL
(x ) m2
:
T Tb m2
dx dx
kb
T Tb C1I (2m x ) C2K (2m x ) .

C2 .:
:

) T Tb C1I (2m x

: :
C2 x .:

) (x) T T C1I (x ) C2K (x

) (x) C1I (x

= :
40 2 .
dm
dV
dh

C
CR 2
dt
dt
dt
dh
h
. :
dt
. 4 .
dh
) (t ) ( )( . 1 3 .
dt
dh
) (t ) ( . 3 4 .
dt

32

32
1 DT
q
2
T
41 3 : k :
Dt
k
) ( :

1 T 1 T
r T T

(r )
) (r
t r r r
t r r

: Ti Ta
= :

)(q.A
r dr

)(q.A
) (q.A

r
r dr t
T
q k
, Q mCT VCT 2rdrLCT , A 2rL
r

Q
T
T

(q.A)dr

k2L (r )dr .2rdrLC

:
r
t
r r
t
K T
T
T
T
(r ) r
(r ) r
2LCdr :
C r r
t
r r
t

)(q.A
r

dr

33

1 T 1 T

(1
t r 2 r

1 T 1 2

(rT) (2
t r r 2

1 T 2T

(3
t r 2

1 T 1 T

(r ) (4
t r r r

dxz
g sin , xz | x (1
dx
dxz
g sin , xz | x (2
dx
d xz
g cos , xz | x (3
dx
d xz
g cos , xz | x (4
dx

z
x

3 .

P
1 u
[
(r )] (1
x
r r r

1 u
2 u
(r )] 2 (3
r r r
x

1 u
(r )] (2
r r r

u
P
1 u
[
(r )] (4
x
x
r r r

4 . v .

d2T

d2T

v
[ ]2 (2
2 k
dx

v
[ ]2 (1
k
dz
2

d2T

d2T

v
[ ]2 (4
2 k
dx

v
[ ]2 (3
k
dz
2

5 v . q .

) A P (.

cv dT
(1
k dx

d2T
2

dx

cv dT qP

(3
k dx kA

1 T cv T
(r )
(2
r r r
k x

1 T
(r ) (4
r r r

dT
2

dx

6 B . A .

(1

d2C A

d2C A

K
C A (2
2
D
dy

dy2

K
C A (3
D

d2C A
2

dy

K
C B (4
D

d2 C B
2

dy

A
B

34

34

7 . T

q C .

1 1 2

(1
r r r 2 2

1 2h
(2
r r k

2
2

r 2

T , h

) (

1 1 2 2T 2h

(3
r 2 r r r 2 2 z2 k

1 1 2 2h

(4
r 2 r r r 2 2 k

) (

T , h
z
r

) (

d 2
(r N A ) (2
dr

d 1
( N A ) (4
dr r

d
(rN A ) (3
dr

9 C A . De Sa c
s

8 r N A

1 d
(N A ) (1
r dr

0 C

2 dC A kSa n 1

C A (1
r dr
De

2 dC A kSa n 1

C A (3
r dr
De

d2C A
2

d2C A

2 dC A kSa n

C A (2
2
r dr
De
dr

dr

d2C A
2

A
Pr oducts

d2C A

2 dC A kSa n

C A (4
2
r dr
De
dr

dr

10 R z .

g
(1

d2Vz
2

d2Vz

d dVz
g
(r
)
r (3
dr
dr

(2
2

dz

dz

d dVz
g
(r
)
r (4
dr
dr

11

d2 T

h
dT
(T T ) , T() Tw ,
|x L ( 1
k
dx

h
dT
(T T ) , T() Tw ,
| x L (2
kL
dx

dx2

h
(T T ) , T() Tw , T(L) T (3
k

h
(T T ) , T() Tw , T(L) T (4
kL

dx
d2 T

L
2
z

d2 T
2

dx

L W B

d2 T
dx2
k

A . A CAS .
12 R B
A ) A D K(.

d 2 dC A
K
(r
) C A (1
dr
dr
D

K
C A (3
D

(r 2C A )

d2
2

dr

K
(rCA ) (2
D

(rCA )

d2
2

dr
1 d dC A
K
(r
) C A (4
r dr
dr
D

1 T
1 2T 2T
(r )

13
r r r
r 2 2 z2

(1
(2
(3
(4

)(

dT
2h

14 (T Tw )
dx VRCp

35

)(

)(

)(

Cp h R Tw .

(1
(3

(2
(4

15 . T T

.
2h

t
T T
e RC (1
T T

t
T T
e RC (2
T T

3h

t
T T
e RC (3
T T

3h

t
T T
e 4RC (4
T T