60

1 (a) Since P = (4, 2),

OP =

4
2

.
(b) Since Q = (6, 3),

OQ = 6

i + 3

j.
Hence,

QO =

OQ = 6

i 3

j.
2

r = 2

p 3

r = 2(3

a + 2

b) 3(3

b)

r = 6

a + 4

b 9

a + 3

r = 3

a + 7

b
But it is given that

r = h

a + (h + k)

b.
By comparison,
h = 3 and h + k = 7
3 + k = 7
k = 10
3
1
2
12p
6q
A B
C D
E
6q
(a)

BD =

BA +

AD
= 12

p + 6

q
(b)

EC =

EB +

BC

=
1
3

DB +

BC
=
1
3
(

BD) +

BC
=
1
3
(12

p 6

q) + 6

q
= 4

p 2

q + 6

q
= 4

p + 4

q
4 (a)

AB =

OB

OA
= 3

i + 17

j (2

i + 5

j )
= 5

i + 12

j
(b)

AB = 5
2
+ 12
2
= 169 = 13
Unit vector in the direction of

AB


=
1

AB
(

AB)
=
1
13
(5

i + 12

j )
=
5
13

i +
12
13

j
5

AB + 2

BC = 11

i 13

j

(

OB

OA) + 2(

OC

OB) = 11

i 13

j

5
3

1
7

+ 2

m
p

5
3

11
13

6
4

+ 2

m 5
p 3

11
13

6 + 2m 10
4 + 2p 6

11
13

2m 4
2p 10

11
13

Equating the x-components:

2m 4 = 11
m = 7
1
2
Equating the y-components:
2p 10 = 13
p = 1
1
2

Form 5: Chapter 15 (Vectors)
SPM Practice
Fully Worked Solutions
Paper 1
61
6 (a)

OQ =

9
12

(b)

OQ =

9
2
+ (12)
2

= 15
Hence, the unit vector in the direction of

OQ =
1
15

9
12

3
5

4
5

.
7

BM =

BA +

AM
=

CO

+
1
2

AO
= (4

i 2

j ) +
1
2
(2

i 6

j )
= 4

i 2

i 3

j
= 3

i 5

j
8 (a) A(6, 3)

OA =

6
3

B(0, 5)

OB =

0
5

AB =

OB

OA
=

0
5

6
3

6
8

(b)

AB = (6)
2
+ (8)
2
= 100
= 10
Unit vector in the direction of

AB


=
1

AB
(

AB)
=
1
10

6
8

3
5

4
5

.
9 (a) Since the points X, Y and Z are collinear,

XY = k

YZ
2

a + 4

b = k(3

a + m

b)
2

a + 4

b = 3k

a + km

b
Equating the coeffcients of

a,
3k = 2
k =
2
3
Equating the coeffcients of

b,
km = 4

2
3
m = 4
m = 6
(b)

XY =
2
3

YZ

XY


=
2
3

YZ

XY

YZ

=

2
3
XY : YZ = 2 : 3
10 OS = 4SQ

OS
SQ
= 4
OS : SQ = 4 : 1

OS =
4
5

OQ
=
4
5
(10

a + 5

b)
= 8

a + 4

b
11 (a) 3

s = 3

5
4

7
3

8
15

(b) 3

s = 8
2
+ 15
2
= 289
= 17
Hence, the unit vector in the direction
of 3

s
=
1
17

8
15

8
17
15
17

.
k =
2
3
O
Q
S
4

1
62
(a)

QR =

QP +

PR
= 4

b + 6

a
(b)

PT =

PQ +

QT
=

PQ

+
7
10

QR
= 4

b

+
7
10
(4

b + 6

a)
= 4

b


14
5

b +
21
5

a
=
6
5

b +
21
5

a

12 ( p + 4)

u = (q 3)

v
If

u is not parallel to

v, then the coeffcients of

u and

v are both zero.

p + 4 = 0 q 3 = 0
p = 4 q = 3
13
Q
P
R
T
4b
6a
3
7
63
1
4a 4p
A R
P
B
O
Q
(a) (i)

AP =

AO +

OP

AP = 4

a + 4

p
(ii)

OQ =

OA +

AQ

OQ =

OA +
1
4

AB
Given

AQ

=
1
4

AB

OQ =

OA +
1
4

(

AO +

OB)

OQ =

OA +
1
4

(

AO + 3

OP)
Given that

OP

=
1
3

OB,

OB

= 3

OP.

OQ = 4

a

+
1
4
[4

a + 3(4

p)]

OQ = 4

a + 3

OQ = 3

a

+ 3

p
(b) (i)

AR = h

AP = h(4

a + 4

p)

AR = 4h

a + 4h

p
(ii)

RQ = k

OQ = k(3

a + 3

p)

RQ = 3k

a + 3k

p
(c)

AQ =

AR +

RQ

a + 3

p = 4h

a + 4h

p + 3k

a +3k

a + 3

p = (4h + 3k)

a + (4h + 3k)

p
From (a)(ii),

AQ

=

a + 3

p
Paper 2
Equating the coeffcients of

a and

b
respectively, we have:
4h + 3k = 1 1
+ 4h + 3k = 3 2
6k = 2
k =
1
3

From 1 : 4h + 3

1
3

= 1
4h = 2
h =
1
2
2 (a)
Given that OB =
3
8
OC, thus OC =
8
3
OB.
Therefore,

OC

=
8
3

OB

=
8
3
(3

b) = 8

b.
This gives

BC

= 8

b 3

b = 5

b.
A
B
C
D
E
O
5b
8a 5b
6a
3b
(i)

AC =

AO +

OC


= 6

a + 8

b
(ii)

BD =

BC +

CD


= 5

b + (8

a 5

b)


= 8

a
(b) If the points A, E and C are collinear, then

AC = k

AE
6

a + 8

b = k(

AO +

OB +

BE)
6

a + 8

b = k(6

a + 3

b + h

BD)
6

a + 8

b = k[6

a + 3

b + h(8

a)]
6

a + 8

b = 6k

a + 3k

b + 8hk

a
6

a + 8

b = (6k + 8hk)

a + 3k

b
64
Equating the coeffcients of

b:
3k = 8
k =
8
3
Equating the coeffcients of

a:
6 = 6k + 8hk
6 = 6

8
3

+ 8h

8
3

18 = 48 + 64h
30 = 64h
h =
15
32
(c)
|

OC
|
= |8

b| = 8|

b| = 8(2) = 16

|

OA
|
= |6

a| = 6|

a| = 6(2) = 12

|

AC
|
=

|

OC
|
2
+
|

OA
|
2
= 16
2
+ 12
2
= 20
3
12v
S
X
T
R
Q
P
4u
(a)

PR =

PQ +

QR
= 4

u +
3
2

PS
= 4

u +
3
2
(12

v)
= 4

u + 18

v
Given that

PS

=
2
3

QR,
thus

QR

=
3
2

PS.
(b) (i)

TX = m

PQ
= m(4

u)
= 4m

u
(ii) P, X and R are collinear.

PX = k

PR

PT +

TX = k(4

u + 18

v)

3
4

PS + 4m

u = 4k

u + 18k

v
Given

From (b) (i)

3
4

(12

v) + 4m

u = 4k

u + 18k

v
9

v + 4m

u = 4k

u + 18k

v
Equating the coeffcients of

v,
9 = 18k
k =
1
2
Equating the coeffcients of

u,
4m = 4k
4m = 4

1
2

m =
1
2
4
O B
A
X
4a
1
4
3b
C
Y
(a) (i)

OX =

OA +

AX
= 4

a +
1
5

AB
= 4

a +
1
5
(

AO +

OB)
= 4

a +
1
5
(4

a + 3

b)
= 4

a
4
5

a +
3
5

b
=
16
5

a +
3
5

b
65
(ii)

BY =

BO +

OY
= 3

b + 2

OX
= 3

b + 2

16
5

a +
3
5

= 3

b +
32
5

a +
6
5

b
=
32
5

a
9
5

b
(b)

BC = k

BY

BO +

OC = k

BY

BO + h

OA = k

BY
3

b + h(4

a) = k

32
5

a
9
5

b + 4h

a =
32
5
k

a
9
5

k

b
Comparing the coeffcients of

b,

9
5
k = 3
k = 3
5
9
k =
5
3
Comparing the coeffcients of

a,
4h =
32
5
k
4h =
32
5

5
3
h =
32
5

5
3

1
4
h =
8
3
(c)
A
B
O
3 b = 3(4) = 12
4 a = 4(2) = 8
Using the Pythagoras theorem,

|

AB
|
=
8
2
+ 12
2
=

208
= 14.42 units
5 N
R
4b
2b
3a
K
L
T
M
(a) (i) Given

KR =
1
3

KN, then

KN = 3

KR

KN = 3(2

b)

KN = 6

NL =

NK +

KL
= 6

b + 3

a
(ii)

KT =

KL +

LT
=

KL +
1
3

LN
= 3

a +
1
3
(6

b 3

a)
= 3

a + 2

a
= 2

a + 2

b
(b) (i)

NM =

NK +

KM
=

NK +
1
q

KT
= 6

b +
1
q
(2

a + 2

b)
= 6

b +
2
q

a +
2
q

b
=

2
q
6

b +
2
q

a
66
(ii) But it is given that

NM = 3p

a 2

b.
By comparison,
2
q

6 = 2
2
q
= 4
q =
1
2
and
3p =

2
q

p =
2
3q
p =

2
3

1
2

p =
4
3
6 (a) (i)

BC =

BA +

AC
= 2i

3j

6i

+ 6j

= 4i

+ 3j

(ii)
|

BC
|
= (4)
2
+ 3
2
= 5
Unit vector in the direction of

BC

=
1
5

4i

+ 3j

=
4
5

i +
3
5
j

(b)

AD = k

BC
pi

12j

= k

4i

+ 3j

pi

12j

= 4ki

+ 3kj

3k = 12
k = 4
p = 4k
= 4(4)
= 16