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, 1998. C. 264265. ( . . 2176, .
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Zielinski Th. Hermes und die Hermetik (Archiv fr Religionswissenschaft 8 (1905), pp. 321-372; 9 (1906), pp. 25-60) .
-
- (, 25, 1978): Mah, Jean-Pierre Le Discours Parfait d'aprs l'Asclpius latin: utilisation des sources et cohrence rdactionnelle / Colloque international sur les textes de Nag Hammadi, and Bernard Barc.
Colloque international sur les textes de Nag Hammadi: Quebec, 22-25 aot 1978.
Bibliotheque copte de Nag Hammadi, 1. Quebec: Presses de l'Universite Laval, 1981.
Pp. 408-412. . ,
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statt des jngeren metaphysischen den lteren religisen Begriff bewahrt. <>
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WAYS
OF HERMES
INTERNATIONAL
SYMPOSIUM
All-Russia State Library
for Foreign Literature,
February, 14, 2008.

CONTENTS
Ekaterina Genieva (Director General, All-Russia State Library for Foreign Literature, Moscow)
Welcoming Address at the Opening of the Symposium..................................... 4
Timen A. Kouvenaar (Counsellor on Culture, Science and Education, the Embassy of the Kingdom of the Netherlands in Russia)
Welcoming Address............................................................................................ 6
Ester Oosterwijk-Ritman (Director and Librarian, Bibliotheca Philosophica
Hermetica, the Netherlands)
Ways of Hermes Ways of Russia ................................................................... 7
Joost R. Ritman (Founder of Bibliotheca Philosophica Hermetica, the Netherlands)
The Compendium of Hermes Trismegistus: Who Is God, What Is God? .... 14
Roelof van den Broek (Emeritus Professor of the History of Christianity, member of the Royal Academy of Arts and Sciences, the Netherlands)
Hermetism and Christian Thought: Past and Present....................................... 28
Nikolay Shaburov (Professor, Director, Center for Theological Studies, Russian
State Humanitarian University, Moscow)
The Way of Hermes to Russia: On Historiography of Hermetism .................. 39
Alexey Moma (Translator, Moscow)
Shall We See the Russian Edition of the Nag-Hammadi Library? .................. 48
Eugene Rashkovsky (Professor; Director, Research Centre for Religious and Russian Emigre Literature, All-Russia State Library for Foreign Literature, Moscow)
Doors of Eternity: Faith and Science in Gavriil Derzhavins
Poetical Heritage .............................................................................................. 58
Igor Evlampiev (Professor, Saint-Petersburg State University, Russia)
Interaction of Hermetism and Gnosticism in Russian Culture......................... 78
Alexander Rychkov (Senior Researcher, Research Centre for Religious
and Russian Emigre Literature, All-Russia State Library
for Foreign Literature, Moscow)
Alexandrian Myphologem in the Works of Russian Young Symbolists ............. 108
Attachment: Marks by Alexander Blok in The History of the Ancient Philosophy by Wilhelm Windelbandt.
Introduction, commentaries and notes by Alexander Rychkov.................... 169

201

Ekaterina Genieva
Director General, All-Russia State Library for Foreign Literature.

WELCOMING ADDRESS AT THE

OPENING OF THE SYMPOSIUM.
Today, on February 14, 2008, we are opening in cooperation with
our long-time dear and reliable partners from Bibliotheca Philosophica
Hermetica in the city of Amsterdam (the Netherlands) an extremely important program named Ways of Hermes. Those of you who are immersed in this quite difficult theme can understand that preparing the Symposium itself as well as subsequent organization of exhibition and
publication of its catalogue (both were courteously brought to us by our
Holland friends), and the discussion that will follow today all this takes
more than just one day.
While presenting our new program Ways of Hermes I warmly welcome a famous scientist Roelof van den Broek, who has compiled the dictionary Gnosis and Hermetic philosophy, and the Western Esoterism
and united the international team of some 180 specialists from all corners
of the world towards this end. We are happy to have his dictionary in
our collection I it has been presented to our Library by Mr. Yoost Ritman
and by Ms. Ester Oostervijk-Ritman, member of the International Advisory Board of the Library for Foreign Literature. So now this edition is
accessible to the Russian reading audience as well.
Probably, the scrutiny of spiritual sources hidden in the very figure of
Hermes Trismegistus and all things connected with it in different cultures
and various directions of thought, comprehension and revealing things
which may be of use to each of us personally and in a wider context
in building up the united spiritual European and worlds space (if, of
course, we shall be able to build it), is the likely reason why we, in the
Library for Foreign Literature, give todays event such importance.

202

Thymen A. Kouwenaar,
Counselor for Cultural Affairs, Science and Education
the Royal Netherlands Embassy.

WELCOMING ADDRESS
I would like to welcome this meeting, this cultural space in the name
of the Netherlands Ambassador. We are glad to be able to make this modest contribution to the history of the world culture from Amsterdam of all
places. I am aware that this is not the first event in the Library signifying cooperation between Holland and Russia, cooperation in this direction has gone on for many years. First memorable exhibitions of Hermetic
literature was held here immediately after the breakup of the USSR, when
the interest in some spiritual aspects of the worlds culture, the aspects
suppressed and hidden for a long time, manifested itself. After the fall
of Constantinople relations between the worlds of East and West were realized through Italy and Venice. I have had a pleasure to see those places.
The West was lucky in that this reach ancient heritage, cultivated and preserved in the East, afterwards got to the West via the Byzantine Empire. Then
retro-influences set in on Constantinople and, to a less degree, on Russia.
I express the gratitude of Ambassador of the Kingdom of Netherlands
and my personal gratitude for the pleasure of seeing todays exhibition
and attending to such important symposium.

203

Ester Oostervijk-Ritman,
Director and Librarian of Bibliotheca Philosophica Hermetica,
Netherlands.

WAYS OF HERMES
WAYS OF RUSSIA
In 1991 Bibliotheca Philosophica Hermetica presented to the Rudomino Library approximately 300 modern (i.e. issued after 1800) books on Hermetica,
Alchemy and related fields. The books were gratefully received by the Rudomino
Library as a basis for Hermetic collections of the Religious literature department
(reorganized into Research Center for Religious and migr Literature, All-Russia State Library for Foreign Literature). At present this Centre has acquired the
status of the only place in the Russian Federation, where all spectrum of Hermetic
philosophers is presented; this Center also has become a place for inter-religious
studies.
In April, 2006, both our Libraries signed, at the Department of Education, Culture and Science in Hague (the Netherlands), an agreement on cooperation with a
purpose to provide a cultural exchange and scholarly contacts in the field of our
common cultural history. By making a component of our cultural tradition (denied until the recent times) that of Christian-Hermetic Gnosis more accessible, both our libraries hope to contribute to the strengthening of inter-religious
tolerance and individual intellectual freedom, which are also present in the heart of
Christian-Hermetic Gnosis.
Additionally, humanitarian disciplines set themselves an important task to
make clear the following Four Questions: Who we are? Where have we come
from and how have we become what we are? What is our place in this world?
Where do we go? For that reason, in terms of the active role which humanitarian disciplines can play, each one of us should initiate revolution, the inner revolution which may change our world and to bring changes in it. This revolution
is the one that, according to Hermes, starts with Gnosis, the cognizance of God.

Joost R. Ritman
Founder of Bibliotheca Philosophica Hermetica,
the Netherlands.

THE COMPENDIUM OF HERMES TRISMEGISTUS: WHO IS GOD, WHAT IS GOD?

From the origin of homo sapiens and up to the present the search for God has
always been a basic question for human mind. Now such search is even more ac-

204

tual than it was 40.000 years ago. Human civilization undergoing its present
humanitarian revolution needs a global transformation of human consciousness.
In particular, man must understand why he is called microcosm. Wisdom of Hermes Trismegistus will best help him in this matter because it allows to trace the
origins of all world religions in it. In addition to our study of the world of the
infinitive small particles, i.e. the world of atoms, neutrons and protons, we must
also take a look at the tiny Particle of God, the root of primary matter and primary
energy. We must take a look at this mysterious Creator, at the God, Who is everywhere and of Whom Hermes says God is the endless sphere, the center of which
is everywhere but circumference is nowhere.

Roelof van den Broek

Emeritus Professor of the Christian History,
Member of the Royal Academy of Arts and Sciences,
the Netherlands.

HERMETISM
AND CHRISTIAN
THOUGHT: PAST AND PRESENT
From the very epoch of Primitive Christianity the Hermetical idea of Divine Plentitude generating and embracing the Universe and the Human Race
has been feeding and supporting Christian thought. In the present situation of
crucial ecological as well as socio-cultural problems the importance of interrelations between Hermetic tradition and Christian theology seems to be
especially obvious.

Nikolay Shaburov
Professor, Centre for Religious studies, Director. Russian State
University for Humanities, Moscow.

THE WAY OF HERMES TO RUSSIA:

ABOUT HISTORIOGRAPHY
OF HERMETISM
This report presents an essay on the scientific understanding of Hermetic
phenomenon. The author gives special attention to the Hermetic studies in Russia, its place in Russian culture and in Russian historiographic and philosophic
tradition.

205

Alexey Moma
Translator, Moscow.

SHALL WE SEE
THE RUSSIAN EDITION
OF THE NAG-HAMMADI LIBRARY?
Firstly, the author of this article briefly outlines the history of the European and American researches and translations of the Coptic Gnostic Nag-Hammadi Library, found quite by chance in the Egyptian desert shortly after the
end of the World War II. Secondly, the article contains discussion concerning the
old and quite serious problems with the Russian translation and future publication of complete texts of this Library in Russia in an academic edition or even
in a scientific-popular one. All Russian scientists and translators who have worked
on the texts and published a number of tractates in Russian since 1979 are also
gratefully mentioned.

Eugeny Rashkovsky
Professor, Director of Research Centre for Religious
and Russian migr Literature, All-Russia State Library
for Foreign Literature.

DOORS OF ETERNITY:
FAITH AND SCIENCE
IN GAVRIIL DERZHAVINS
POETICAL HERITAGE.
Hermeneutics is Hermes unique daughter responsible for interpretation
and understanding of the texts meaningful structures as well as for responses
of our dure (the term of Bergson) to these structures. So this kind of hermeneutical approach is used for interpretation of poetical heritage of the great Russian
poet Gavriil Derzhavin, in particular of his ode The God (1784).
The article deals with Derzhavins twofold approach to the idea of Divine
Glory characterized by a paradoxically complementary way of combining
Biblical mysticism and some advanced ideas of post-Cartesian philosophy
and science.
This holographic hermeneutical approach discloses some half-hidden mystical as well as hermetical overtones in the whole culture of The Age of Illumination.

206

Igor Evlampiev
Professor of Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg.

THE INFLUENCE
OF GNOSTIC TRADITION
ON RUSSIAN PHILOSOPHY
OF THE XIXth AND XXth CENTURIES.
Development of European philosophy during two thousands years was determined by the struggle of two traditions: Christian Platonic and Gnostic mystical. The birth of non-classical philosophy in the middle of the XIXth century
was connected namely with predominance of Gnostic mystical tradition. The
Gnostic teaching of human being in Russian philosophy was especially brightly
presented in the works of Fyodor Dostoevsky, Vladimir Soloviev and Nikolay
Berdyaev. The image of Jesus Christ totally reconsidered in the spirit of Gnosticism is in the centre of Fyodor Dostoevskys world-view (see Legend of the
Grand Inquisitor in his novel Brothers Karamazov). Dostoevsky completely
denies the idea of sacrifice and redemption of humankinds sins in his understanding of Christ. According to him, Jesus Christ is a man who unveiled his
Gods authenticity and eo ipso showed example for all human beings.

Alexander Rychkov
Senior Researcher, Centre for Religious
and Russian migr Literature,
All-Russia State Library for Foreign Literature, Moscow.

ALEXANDRIAN MYPHOLOGEM
IN THE WORKS OF RUSSIAN
YOUNG SYMBOLISTS.
This article introduces and substsntiates the term Alexandrian myphologem as a conscious adoption by young symbolists of mypho-poetics of Alexandrian Gnosis of the first centuries (including Gnostic Sophiological mypho-poetics) for description of the modern times the base of structural identity of these
two periods of crisis in human consciousness. The feeling of the true meeting
of these epochs distinguishes Russian cultural Silver Ages Renaissance (the
beginning of the twentieth century) from its European predecessors. The article also includes an overview of primary Gnostic sources and an extensive bibliography.

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ATTACHMENT

MARKS BY ALEXANDER BLOK

IN THE HISTORY
OF THE ANCIENT PHILOSOPHY
BY WILHELM WINDELBANDT.
Introduction, commentaries and notes by Alexander Rychkov.
The work undertaken by the author proves that various numerous marks by
Alexander Blok in some of his favourite books allows to liken the texts fragments
underlined by the poet to copy-books with synopses by other creators of the Silver Age, those synopses being now scrupulously studied for understanding the
origins of creativeness of the writers. While reading Windelbandt, Blok underlined the most important, in his view, fragments in this book, and his choice of
fragments allows us to identify the sphere of the poets Gnostic and Hermetic
interests in the beginning of the twentieth century and also to understand the
sources of the Silver Ages Alexandrian myphologem, first mentioned in Bloks
article Vyacheslav Ivanovs Creativeness (1905).
Bloks marks and notes are made public here for the first time ever; the author also offers his experience of their interpretation. Facsimiles of the marks are
also given.

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