I -Ñ-Ø√-úø’
Sridhar: Hi Neeraj, just how busy are you?
busy
-F®Ω-ñ ¸, †’´¤y busy
Ø√?/ áçûª
ÖØ√o´¤?
(Ééπ\úø just = ÅÆæ©’. conversation ™
ûÁ©’-í∫’™ '´’J— -™«í¬ just ¢√úø’-ûª’ç-ö«®Ω’.)
Tarun: Not at all. What's the matter?
-Å-üËç -™‰-ü¿’. àçöÀ N≠æߪ’ç?
Sridhar: I am in a hurry to get home. Can you
drive me home on your bike?
bike
ÉçöÀéÀ ûªy®Ωí¬ ¢Á∞«xL. F O’ü¿ †-†’o -
Éç-öÀéÀ -BÆæ’Èé-∞¡-û√-¢√?
Tarun: Drive you home? O no. You can take
my bike if you want. I am tired of driv-
ing for the day.
EEoç-öÀéÀ BÆæ’Èé-∞¡}-úø-´÷? Ø√´©x -é¬ü¿’. Å©-
Æœ-§Ú-ߪ÷†’. 鬢√-©ç-õ‰ Ø√ bike BÆæ’éÓ-.
-Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù 62
You can talk now
Sridhar: How long can I have it?
áçûª-ÊÆ-°æ¤ç--éÓ†’?
Tarun: Will three hours do?
´‚úø’ í∫çô©ÊÆ°æ¤ î√™«?
(will do =î√©’. An income of Rs
10000/- a day will do for me. I don't
want more. ®ÓVèπ◊ °æC-¢Ë© ®Ω÷§ƒ-ߪ’©
Çü∆ߪ’ç î√©’ Ø√èπ◊. Åçûª-éπçõ‰ ´ü¿’l)
Sridhar: O that's fine. Thank you.
Tarun: You can keep the bike till 5 o'clock. Go
by the other road. The traffic along this
road at this hour can be heavy. Driving
in such traffic can be dangerous.
鬢√-©çõ‰ 5 í∫çô© ü∆é¬ -ÖçéÓ. Ç ®Ó-úø’f
í∫’ç-ú≈ ¢Á-∞¡Ÿ}. Ñ road ´ü¿’l. Ñ time ™
Ñ road ™ traffic ®ΩDl áèπ◊\-´í¬
ÖçúÌa. Driving Ñ Ææ´’-ߪ’ç™ éÌçîÁç
v°æ´÷-ü¿-éπ-®Ω¢Ë’ Ŵa.
°j Ææ綵«-≠æ-ù™ can ûÓ Ö†o verbs îª÷úøçúÕ.
1) Can you drive me home?
ÉçöÀéÀ BÆæ’Èé-∞¡}-í∫-©¢√?
2) You can take my bike – Ø√ bike BÆæ’Èé-∞¡Ÿ}.
3) How long can I have it?
áçûª-ÊÆ-°æ¤ç--éÓ-´’ç-ö«´¤?
4) You can keep the bike till 5'o clock.
5) The traffic at this hour can be heavy.
6) Driving in such traffic can be dangerous.
can can
í∫’Jç* ´’†ç Éçûª´®Ωèπ◊ ûÁ©’-Ææ’-èπ◊-†oN:
ability (≤ƒ´’-®√n uEo) ûÁ-©’°æ¤-ûª’ç-ü¿E éπü∆. Åçõ‰–
'í∫©— – Öçúø-í∫-©í∫-úøç, îËߪ’-í∫-©í∫-úøç ™«çöÀ Å®√n-©ûÓ.
Ñ Ææ綵«-≠æ-ù™ can èπ◊ -Ö†o ´’J-éÌEo Å®√n©’,
Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-í¬©’ îª÷ü∆lç:
1. Can you drive me home? Ééπ\úø can drive,
ability é¬ü¿’ í∫ü∆! Ééπ\úø Tarun †’ request
îËߪ’ú≈-EéÀ Sudheer can ¢√úø’-ûª’-Ø√oúø’ éπü∆
(ÉçöÀéÀ BÆæ’Èé-∞Ï}-ü∆?ÅØË Å®ΩnçûÓ). Åçõ‰ can †’
request (Nïc°œh) îËߪ’-ú≈-EéÀ ¢√úø-´îª’a, question
form ™.
1) é¬Ææh -F pen -É≤ƒh-¢√?
Can you give me your pen? / Can I have
your pen?
2) O’ûÓ È®çúø’ EN’-≥ƒ©’ ´÷ö«x-úø-´î√a?
Can I speak to you/ see you for a few min-
utes?
3) Can you lend me some money?
é¬Ææh Å°œp-≤ƒh®√?
-Ééπ\-úø can †’ question form ™ requests èπ◊ -
Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-Tç-*-†-ô’x -ûÁ-©’-≤Úhç-C éπ-ü∆! Åçõ‰ can †’
question form ™ ´·êuçí¬ you ûÓ, I/ we ûÓ
requests èπ◊ ¢√úø-´îª’a.
2. How long can I have it?
bike
áçûªÊÆ°æ¤ -؈’ F Öç-éÓ-´îª’a?
í∫’®Ω’-¢√®Ωç 27 -ÅéÓd-•®Ω’ 2005
í¬ Ééπ\-úø can -†’ question form ™, permission
Åúø-í∫-ú≈-EéÀ (ņ’-´’-A- §Òç-ü¿-ú≈-EéÀ) ¢√úø’-ûª’Ø√oç.
a) ´’-S} á°æ¤púø’ éπ©-´-´’ç-ö«®Ω’ N’´’tLo?
When can I see you again?
(asking for permission)
b) ØËEéπ ¢Á∞¡xØ√?
Can I go now? (asking for permission)
c) Can I use your pen?
pen
O’ (permission)
¢√úø’-éÓØ√?
3. Question form ™permission Åúø-í∫-ú≈-EéÀ
can
¢√úÕ-†õ‰x, †’ statement form permission
™
É´y-ú≈-EéÀ ¢√úøû√ç.
a) You can keep the bike till 5'o clock. Answer:
b) Question form ™ I/ we ûÓ permission Åúø-í∫-
†’´¤y bike †’ Å®·-Cç-öÀ-ü∆é¬ Öç-éÓ-´îª’a. Kareem: Can I see you/ speak to you for a few
ú≈-EéÀ ¢√úøû√ç. minutes?
(giving permission) c) Statement form ™ request, permission É´y-
kasyap: What about?
b) You can take my bike. ú≈-EéÀ ¢√úøû√ç.
d) Statement form ™ possibility éÀ (≤ƒüµ¿u¢Ë’ Å´¤- Kareem: It's a bit important.
Ø√ bike BÆæ’éÓ´-a/ -BÆæ’éÓ.
kasyap: You can talk now. I am at leisure.
(giving permission) ûª’ç-ü¿-†’-èπ◊†o -N-≠æ-ߪ÷-EéÀ) ¢√úøû√ç.
Kareem: There are a few vacancies for typists
c) †’Nyéπ ¢Á-∞Ô}a. - Practise the following aloud in English:
jobs in your friend's company. I've
You can go now. (giving permission) Kareem: ؈’ O’ûÓ é¬ÊÆ°æ¤ (a few minutes) ´÷ö«x-
d) †’´¤y ´çü¿-®Ω÷-§ƒ-ߪ’-©-éπçõ‰ áèπ◊\´ ê®Ω’a °ôd-ú≈-
EéÀ -O-™‰x-ü¿’.
úø-´î√a? (see/ speak ¢√úøçúÕ)
Kasyap: üËE N≠æߪ’ç?
(have) applied for one of them. Can
you help me to get the job? My father
told me to talk to you.
Kasyap: Who is your father?
Kareem: Syed Mustafa.
kasyap: O, I know him well. Your father knows
my friend too. Your father can talk to
him.
Kareem: You can influence him better.
Kasyap: Can you come here tomorrow?
you cannot spend more than Rs. 100/-. Kareem:
é¬Ææh ´·êu-¢Á’i† Kareem: Certainly- when shall I come?
(you can spend = you have permission to N≠æߪ’ç. Kasyap: (At) this time tomorrow.
spend upto Rs. 100/-) Kasyap: É°æ¤púø’ ´÷ö«x- Vocabulary/ Expressions
4. Ææ’Dµ®˝: úøçúÕ. ؈’ BJ- (prn=pronunciation)
a) Driving in such traffic can be dangerous. í¬_ØË ÖØ√o†’. tnap = é¬ÊÆ°æ¤ Evü¿/ Evü¿-§Ú-´-úøç; ´·êuçí¬ ´’üµ∆u£æ«o
É™«çöÀ traffic ™ drive îËߪ’-úøç v°æ´÷-ü¿-éπ®Ωç Kareem: O’ friend com- ¶µï†ç ûª®√yûª (After lunch, he usually
鬴a/ í¬ Öçô’çC. pany ™ typist has a nap)
Ééπ\úø can, possibility (≤ƒüµ¿u-¢Ë’¢Á÷ ņ’-èπ◊-ØË- jobs ë«Sí¬ M. SURESAN tCut it out = Ééπ Ç°æ¤. Åü¿çû√ éπöÀd-°ô’d
ü∆-E-E) ûÁ©’°æ¤ûª’çC éπü∆. ÅC can èπ◊ ÉçéÓ ÖØ√o®·. ؈’ (á´-È®jØ√ ņ-´-Ææ®Ω N≠æ-ߪ÷-©-ûÓ NÆœ-TÊÆh
Ö°æ-ßÁ÷í∫ç. èπÿú≈ apply î˨»†’. ´÷ Ø√†o-í¬®Ω’ O’ûÓ cut it out, come to the point Åçö«ç)
b) <éπöx ¢Á∞ Ô}ü¿’l. §ƒ´·-©’ç-ö«®·. tClass áíÌ_-ôdúøç = bunk;
Don't go out in the dark. There can be
´÷ö«x -úø-´’-Ø√o®Ω’. Ø√é¬ job ´îËaç-ü¿’èπ◊ O’®Ω’ tï•’s †öÀç*, class, °æE áíÌ_-ôdúøç = malinger
snakes. (possibility)
≤ƒßª ’ - ° æ-úø-û√®√? (prn: ´’Lçí∫; 'Lç— ØÌéÀ\ °æ©’-èπ◊û√ç),
Kasyap: O’ Ø√†o-í¬-È®-´®Ω’?
c) Ç v°æߪ÷ùç î√™« Å©-Ææ-ô éπ-L-Tç-îª-´-a. •úÕ üÌçí∫ = malingerer.
Kareem: Syed Mustafa. tÇö/ Jé~¬/ ö«éÃq ™«çöÀN îËÆæ’éÓ-´úøç (-áéπ\-úøç,
(Å´-鬨¡ç ÖçC)
The journey can be very tiresome/ tiring. Kasyap: Ø√é¬-ߪ’† ¶«í¬ûÁ©’Ææ’. Ø√ friend O’ Ø√†o- -¢Á-∞¡}-úøç) = take an auto/ rickshaw/ taxi, etc.
d) He can give you trouble. Be careful. í¬-JéÀ èπÿú≈ ûÁ©’Ææ’. Çߪ’ØË ´÷ö«x-úø-´îª’a You take bus no.7 to go to the station.
ñ«ví∫ûªh. ¢√úø’ Fèπ◊ trouble É≤ƒh-úË¢Á÷/ É´y-í∫-©úø’ éπü∆. (7 number bus
´ áéπ\çúÕ)
(possibility / ability). Kareem: O’®Ω-®·ûË áèπ◊\´ influence îËߪ’-í∫-©-®ΩE. t´·JéÀ •ôd©’ = soiled clothes
ÉO can èπ◊ -Ö†o Éûª®Ω uses. Ææçví∫-£æ«çí¬ 'can' †’– Kasyap: Í®°æ¤ †’Ny-éπ\-úÕéÀ ®√í∫-©¢√? His clothes are soiled.
ÅûªE •ôd©’ ´·J-éπ-ߪ÷u®·–
a) Question form ™ ´·êuçí¬, I/ we ûÓ Kareem: ûª°æp-èπ◊çú≈. ͮ°-°æ¤púø’ ®√†’? trags = The beggar is in rags
°‘L-éπ©’.
REQUESTS èπ◊ ¢√úøû√ç. Kasyap: ≤ƒßª’çvûªç Ñ õ„jçèπ◊ ®√. Ç ´·≠œd-¢√úø’ *J-T† í∫’úøf™x ÖØ√oúø’.
v°æ¨¡o: O’®Ω’ Spoken English QJ{-éπ™ ' ¢√é¬u-©†’ Practice -ï-¢√-•’: 1) What about you? ÅØËC ü∆ü∆°æ¤ How about you? ûÓ Ææ´÷-†¢Ë’.
îËߪ’çúÕ—— ÅE noun form ¢√úø’-ûª’-Ø√o®Ω’. °ü¿l ûËú≈ ™‰ü¿’. àC ¢√ú≈L ÅØËC á°æ¤p-úÁjØ√ Ææçü¿-®√s¥Eo •öÀd O’Íé
Å™«é¬èπ◊çú≈ ' practise îËߪ’çúÕ— ÅE verb form - ûÁ©’-Ææ’hçC.
Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-Tç-îªúøç ÆæÈ®j-†-C éπü∆! 2) I haven't money ÅE ≤ƒ´÷-†uçí¬ Å†ç. I haven't any money
ÅEí¬F, I haven't the money ÅE-í¬E Åçö«ç. I have no money
-ï-¢√-•’: Practice, Practise èπ◊ -ÖçúË ûËú≈ advice èπ◊,
– §Úûª’© XE-¢√Ææ’, ¢Ëí¬-ߪ’´’tÊ°ô, ûª÷.íÓ.->™«x
éÀ éπÈ®-é˙dí¬ Ææ´÷-†-¢Á’i-†C I haven't any money.
advise èπ◊ -ÖçúË ûËú≈ äéπõ‰. Practice Ŷµ«uÆæç; I haven't the money éÀ Å®Ωnç, ü∆EéÀ (àüÓ °∂晫--Ø√-ü∆-EéÀ) 鬴-©-Æ œ†
practise- Ŷµºu-Æ œç-îª-úøç. úø•’s Ø√ ü¿í∫_®Ω ™‰ü¿’ ÅE.
a) I have the practice - Ø√èπ◊ Ŷµ«u-Ææç/- 'Are you buying a car?/ Why don't you buy a car?'
Å-©-¢√ô’ ÖçC. Practice makes us 'I'd like to, but I haven't the money/ but I don't have the
perfect - Ŷµ«uÆæç ´©x °æJ-°æ‹-®Ωgûª ´Ææ’hçC. money.' (the money = car
v°æ¨¡o: May èπ◊ •ü¿’©’ can ¢√úø’-ûª’-Ø√o®Ω’. May I help you éÀ •ü¿’-©’í¬ can I
éÌØËç-ü¿’èπ◊ úø•’s)
b) We practise the game everyday - ¢Ë’ç ®ÓW Çô†’
Ŷµºu-Æœ≤ƒhç (Çúøû√ç). Åçü¿’-éπE Ééπ\úø practise Ŷµ«uÆæç îËߪ’çúÕ help you ÅE ®√Ææ’h-Ø√o®Ω’. Can ÅØËC Natural ability éÀ Ææç•ç-Cµç-*-ç-
ÅØË Å®Ωnç ®√¢√-©çõ‰ practice îËߪ’çúÕ ÅØ√L éπü∆. may •ü¿’©’ can áçü¿’èπ◊ use îËߪ÷L? can E Natural ability
v°æ¨¡o: 1) Seventh class English Reader (Mother tongue) page No 52
ü¿®·-ûË
™ é¬èπ◊çú≈ Éçé¬ áEo Nüµ∆-©’í¬ use îËߪ’-´îª’a.
'Trees' Poem When evening changes into night, and when
-ï-¢√-•’: Can, natural ability E ûÁL-ߪ’-ñ‰-Ææ’hçC, correct í¬ 'í∫©— ÅØË Å®ΩnçûÓ.
™ – °œ.-í∫-ù‰-¨¸, é¬éÀ-Ø√-úø
a moon floats on the sky. They hum a drowsy lullaby. the Ééπ\úø
moon a moon
Öç-ú≈-L éπ-ü∆.áçü¿’èπ◊ ¢√-ú≈®Ó ûÁL-ߪ’-ñ‰-ߪ’-í∫-©®Ω’. He can do it, Åçõ‰ ¢√úø’ ÅC îËߪ’-í∫-©úø’. Å®·ûË can èπ◊ -Ö-†o
2) Are you studying in Seventh Class? DEéÀ ï¢√-¶„-™« -îÁ°æp-´-a? ´’J-éÌEo Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-í¬-©™ offer äéπöÀ. Åçõ‰ ÉçéÌ-éπ®Ω’ Åúø-èπ◊\çú≈ ´’†ç
¢√∞¡xèπ◊ àüÁjØ√ É´y--úøç/-îË-ߪ’-úøç. ü∆EéÀ can question form ™
-ï-¢√-•’: 1) 'a moon' Ñ line ™ Åa ûª°æ¤p (printer's error). The moon
–í∫’-v®Ωç -¨¡çéπ®˝, Íé-¨¡-´°æ-ôoç
¢√úøû√ç, may ™«í¬.
ÅØË îªü¿’-´¤-éÓ-¢√L. May I help you? = O’èπ◊ Ø√ ≤ƒßª’ç 鬢√-™«?/- ØË-ØË-´’Ø√o O’èπ◊
2) Yes, I am. ≤ƒßª’-°æ-úø-í∫-©-Ø√? – ÉC offer. Å®·ûË ÉC éÌçîÁç formal - Åçõ‰ Åçûª
v°æ¨¡o: How about you? What about you Ñ È®çúÕçöÀ Å®Ωnç äéπõ‰ Å®·ûË Ñ °æJ-îªßª’ç ™‰E ¢√∞¡xèπ◊ ´’† offer.
Can I help you? D†®Ωnç èπÿú≈ O’èπ◊/ -Fèπ◊ Ø√ ≤ƒßª’ç 鬢√-™«?/
È®çúø÷ Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-Tç-îª-úøç™ ûËú≈ àN’öÀ? ´’†ç Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-Tç-î√-©-†’-èπ◊-†o-°æ¤púø’
Ñ È®çúÕç-öÀ™ àüÁjØ√ ¢√úø-´î√a? ü¿ßª’-îËÆœ ûÁ©’-°æ-í∫-©®Ω’. I haven't -O’-èπ◊/ -Fèπ◊ ØËØË Nüµ¿çí¬ Å®·Ø√ ≤ƒßª’ç îËߪ’-í∫-©Ø√? ÅE informal
money / I have no money Å®Ωnç äéπ-õ‰Ø√, é¬-†-ôx®·-ûË ¢√öÀE ᙫ í¬, Åçõ‰ ´’†èπ◊ ¶«í¬ °æJ-îªßª’ç Ö†o ¢√∞¡xèπ◊ îËÊÆ offer. May I help
Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-Tç-î√L? ûÁ©’-°æ-í∫-©®Ω’. you? - formal offer. Can I help you? - less formal/ informal
– ´çQ, £j«ü¿-®√-¶«ü˛ offer.