I did 5 sit ups yesterday and the amount of sit ups I can do increased by five today. How many did I do today? Yesterday = 5; Today = 5+5=10 (yesterday's amount increased by 5, or with 5 added to it) more than "+" add The number of today's situps is 5 more than yesterday's. How many did I do today? Yesterday = 5; Today = 5+5=10 (Today was 5 more than how many I did yesterday, or yesterday with 5 added to it) combined "+" add Gina had 3 dollars and I had 2 dollars. How much money do we have combined? 3+2 = 5 (Gina's 3 dollars combined with my 2 dollars, or added to it) together "+" add Gina had 3 dollars and I had 2 dollars. How much money do we have together? 3+2 = 5 (Gina's 3 dollars together with my 2 dollars, or added to it) total of "+" add I have 5 cookies. When I buy more, I have a total of 8 cookies. How many did I buy? Total = 5 + cookies bought; so 8=5+B (bought cookies) B=3. I bought 3 cookies. (Total means the amounts are added together, so the 5 is added to what I bought) sum "+" add The sum of my pencils (p) and erasers (e) is 10 Equation is p+e = 10 (Sum means the two amounts (pencils and erasers) are added together to get that number (the sum)don't forget is means "equals") added to "+" add Fred added the $10 he earned to the $15 he had saved. How much does he have? 10+15= 25 (10 is added to 15 to get a total of 25) decreased by "-" subtract I started with 20 cookies. After the kids left the cookies had decreased by 15. How many do I have left? 20-15=5 (started with 20 and subtract 15 because the cookies decreased by that much, which gives you a total of 5) consecutive x and (x+1) add 1 Two numbers are consecutive when they are right in a row, so you can represent them with "x" and "x+1". Examples of consecutive integers are 2 and 3, -5 and -6, 100 and 101. minus "-" subtract 12 cookies minus the 3 cookies I ate is how many cookies? 12-3=x; 9 cookies (Subtract 3 from the 12 cookies, leaving 9 cookies as the total.) less "-" subtract John has 2 less cards than Harry. Harry has 10 cards. How many cards does John have? Harry = 10; John = 10-2=8 (Take Harry's cards, 10, and find what 2 less is by subtracting) fewer than "-" subtract John has 2 cards fewer than Harry. Harry has 10 cards. How many cards does John have? Harry = 10; John = 10-2=8 (Take Harry's cards, 10, and find what 2 fewer than is by subtracting) difference "-" subtract What is the difference between the $20 I started with and the $12 I have left? x=20- 12 (Take the first number and subtract the second number to find the difference between them, in this example the difference between 20 and 12 is 8) of * multiply How many is 4 bags of 20 candy bars? 4*20=x; 80 candy bars (You multiply the number of groups (4) by the amount in each group (20) to get a total) times * multiply I brushed my teeth 3 times for 5 days. How many times did I brush my teeth? 3*5=x; 15 times (there are 5 groups of 3, so you multiple the number of groups by the amount in each group to get a total). multiplied by * multiply John's paycheck is the number of hours he worked multiplied by $8. How much does he make for working 20 hours? 20*8=x; $160 pay ( product * multiply The product of the length and the width is the area. The length is 4 feet. The width is 2 more feet than the length. What is the area? A=LW; A=4(4+2); A=24 units squared (product means you multiply the length (L) by the width (W, which is 2 more than L, or L+2)...don't forget "is" means an equal sign) is "=" equals What is two added to 3? x=2+3; 5=2+3 (if you see "is" put an equal sign, then solve the problem) are "=" equals What are two and three together? x=2+3; 5 (if you see "are" put an equal sign, then solve the problem) was "=" equals I bought a drink for $1, candy for $2, and a poster for $5. How much was it all together? X=1+2+5; $8 all together (if you see "was" you may be able put an equal sign *sometimes was is just part of a sentence, not in the equation*) will be "=" equals Fred started with $20 in his bank and added $4 today. How much will be in the bank all together? X=20+8; $28 all together (if you see "will be" put an equal sign and solve the problem) plus "+" add The length of a rectangle plus it's width is 25. L+W=25 Another example: I have my $5 plus my mom's $10 for dinner tonight. How much do I have to spend? 5+10=total; $15 to spend (the two amounts are added together to get a total) area of a rectangle formula A=LW perimeter formula P=2L+2W for rectangles/squares, P=(add the lengths of all of the sides) for any shape. circumference formula C=3.14D area of a circle formula A=3.14r^2 twice multiply Twice means you multiply by 2. The length is twice the width means L=2W. (Be carefule herethis means the length is two times as long as the width, but you show that in math by putting the 2 with the W because you would have to have two of them to be the same as one length.