Professional Documents
Culture Documents
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2009/2010
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2009/2010
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(
.
4
-1
- 2
3
4
5
:
.
-1
- 2
3 ) 555
(4017
4
5
:
:
:
:
:
:
-1
-2
-3
:
:
:
:
.
7
Q
.C
I
) |(
I=dQ\dt
A
: I
:Q
: t
.
.
-:
sin wave
volt
9
V=J/C=dW/dt
-:
:v:
:Q
:
-1 L
-2 A
- 3 ) (
-4 T
-:
G
G=1/R
10
I=V/R
V=IR
R=V/I
-1
-2 Curent
I= V/R
-3
)( V= I*R
-4
-5
.
11
Power
.
Watt P
)Power=Energy/time (P=E/t
: P
: E
: t
Watt=Joule/Second
12
13
Fixed Resistor
Potentiometer
Variable Resistor
LDR
NTC
PTC
Non-Polarized
Capacitor
Polarized Capacitor
Variable Capacitor
Fixed Coil
Variable Coil
Transformer With
Magnetic Core
Relay
Relay
Diode
Zener Diode
LED
Varactor
) (
SCR
15
Triac
)NPN (Transistor
PNP
)P-type (UJT
N-type
)N-Channel (FET
P-Channel
(
Photo Transistor
NPN
16
17
18
Resistors
.
)( )
.(Carbon Resistor
).(Wire Resistor
)(OHM
).(WATT
) (R ) (I
.
R
V1 R
V1 .
19
) (:
) (OHM
)( )(
.
R:
:
-1 :
-2 ToIerrance :
-3 Sattability
20
-4 :
.
:
L L
A ) 1
1.(
21
1 . 2 . 3 .- 4 .
: ):( Resistor R
22
: (LDR) :
..
)(CDS
..
)( .. 2M
)(100
23
: )(Thermistor
..
..
:
)(PTC
)(NTC
:
- 1 :
.
:
. Rt=R1+R2+R3
: .
.
:
24
-2 :
.
: . (Rt)=(1/R1)+(1/R2)+(1/R3)/1
: .
: .
25
:
)AVO
(METER
) (OHM
) (
.
)
(
26
.
. ).(OHM - .
: -1 .
2- .
27
3 . - 4 .
: -1 .
.
-2 .
.
).(AVO METER
28
29
Capacitors
: .
: , Dielectric
.
.....
.... .
.
-:
-
Capactors :
:
) (C = Q
V
C= Q
V
:
= MF ) ( F
1
30
F
M =-
) ( MF
:
:
- ) : ( a
.
) : (d
.
) ( - : E
.
)( . E
: 9
, .
:
.
) ,
( .
- :
31
-1 : .
-2 :
:
-1 Tuning
-2 Power Supply
Smoothing
32
. Rectifire
-3 Coupling bypass
-4 .
-5
:
-1 .
-2 ) -1 -2.(
-3
) , XL =( 1 / 2fC =
) ( .
-4 .
-5 ) ( :
: .
, .
:-
:-
33
.
:-
-- -- -- --
.
:-
:-
10
.
:-
:-
:-
00
34
AC . DC
AC
RF .
35
:
, . Q
. Q=C*V
.
.
. , ,
.
36
,
.
) ( ) (T
T=R*C .
) (
) ( .
:
, ,
, 50 25
75
.
: ....
.
....
37
,
, .
.
.
, ,
, .
:
.
..... ....
, .
... .
, 40
..... ...
. .
6.28 .
38
, ......
2 .
: . = \ -:
-1 .
-2 .
-3 .
: 9 , .
: .
- :
39
-1 : .
-2 : .
- :
-1 Tuning
.
-2 Power Supply
Smoothing . Rectifire
-3 Coupling . bypass
- 4 .
- 5
40
41
)(
.
.
42
:
.
.
.
:
) ( ) (.
.
.
:
)(SPST
) (
.
43
)(SPDT
) (
.
)(DPST
.
)(DPDT
.
. .
)(
.
.
44
4 Contacts Power Relay
28 VDC
240 VAC/5A
Socket is available
45
SONGLE RELAY
2Contacts 5A 250VAC / 30VDC
SONGLE RELAY
1Contacts 10A 250VAC / 30VDC
SONGLE RELAY
1Contacts 30A 250VAC / 30VDC
DC 12V
1
30VD
1.0A
C
125VA
0.5A
C
80VD
0.3A
C
46
OMRON G5V-1
.
, ,
.
:
5
.
.
,
. .
47
125
.
.
.
)c (comon
)NO(normly open
)NC(Normaly Closed
Drive Voltage
Number of Contacts
Contact Capacity
PST
PDT
PST
48
PDT
49
50
: , .
: ) (
.
: DC AC = XL
2fL
= " .
" "
: Tuning Coils
.
:Antenna Coils ) (
.
: Choke Coils
Filter Rectification
: :
51
:
former
:
.
:
.
:
.
.
:
.
52
:
" " .
: .
:
)( )
( .
1H = 1000mH = 106 H
= 2 . := 3.14
-1 .
-2 .
-3 .
.
-1 .
-2 .
-3 .
: Coils Types
: :
53
-1 :
)
( .
-2 :
.
10 .
.
.
.
54
: 3-
.
: :
: low Frequency Coils 1-
20
55
. 20 .
: 2-
. 465 A M
.
: High 3-
Frequency Coils
2
.
.
.
56
:
.
57
58
Transformers
: 3 :
-1 : Core
-2 : Primary
-3 : Secondry
Core
, -:
:
-1 AC
-2 DC
-3
-4
7 ,
10 ....
:
59
-1 ) ( .
-2
.
: Turns Ratio
,
V1 , N1
)( V2, N2 , )( .
: Turns Ratio
-1 : 1 : 1
.
-2 : Step-up
<
.
60
-3 : Step-Down
>
.
:
:
,
Power .
.
) (Mutual Inductance
.
)(Mutual Inductance
) (inductor
.
.
61
) (AC .
.
)Mutual
(Inductance
50 60 .
50 60 .
50 60 .
) (DC
.
.
62
(induced
)voltage
.
.
.
) (Mutual Inductance
.
) (AC ) .(DC
.
.
:
.
:
:
63
.
.
:
12 220 :
= 220
= 12
) (AC
) .(DC
)(DC
64
65
66
67
SEMICONDUCTOR&DIODE
:
) (
.
4
.
.
) (.
: N
5
N
)( .
: P
3
P
) .(Holes
:
P N
N P
) (
) ( Depletion Area
. Barrier Voltage
.
68
:
P
N
.
)( :
N P
.
69
.. p-type n-type
..
.. Diode semiconductor
.. p-type n-type
forward
.. biased ..
.. ..
. reverse biased
70
0.6 .. Si
0,3 ..
..
..
1 0 .
71
..
..
.. ) (AC
) (DC ..
..
..
rectification
..
.. " " Block
..
72
" Bridge "
..
73
74
* -:
" "
* -:
-1 :
(a -:PNP P
N .PNP
(b -:NPN N
P .NPN
-2 )( JFET
75
-1 . Emitter
-2 . Collector
-3 . Base
-1 -:Emitter
)
PNP NPN
( Forward
.
-2 -: Collector
) (Reverse .
-3 -: Base
) ( Forward ) (Reverse .
76
* :
* IC -: Vce
: I
* Vce ) (0 - 0.2 Vce
) IC ( IB
: II
* Vce
IB IB .
: III
* Vce
.
77
* -:
-1 :
" "
Vo ( Vo = ( -Ic Rc Vo Vin )
. Vce = ( Vcc Ic RL
Vi Ic,Ib
RL
Vo + Vo = - ( Ic + IL ) RL Vo
) (Vo = IL RL Vo,Ic 180
Vo Ve . RL
-2 :
)) 1
.
)) 2
.
* -:
-1 " Common Base
-2 " Common Emitter
" CB
" CB
78
-3 " " Common Collector
-1
CC
-: CB
* :
-1
-2
-3
-4
-5
-6
) & >. (1
) 100 . (50
Ro ) 1 _ . (0.5
). Av (450
) . Ap (450
.
-2 -: CE
* :
-1 .
-2 " "
-3 " "
-4 " "
79
-5 " " 12000
= RL ) ( Ap
RI
-3 -: CC
* :
-1 .
-2 .
-3 .
RI
-4 RL .
>> RL
-5 Ap .
* -:
80
) (
.
* :
) (
)(JFET
-1
Junction Field Effect Transistor
)(MOSFET
-2
Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor
: )(JFET
: ) (
) (Ngip ) (N,P
-1
-2
:
P
)(
) Gate (G "" )Source (S
"" )Drain (D
81
FET
B____ G
E_____ S
C______D
* -:
VDS D S
VDS
) (D,S I D
VDS VGG ) PN (S,D
82
)
(
I D VGG
. I D
* :
-1 rd : VDS
ID
-2 gm: I D
VGS
VDS
-3 m :
VGS
* -:
:
-1
.
ID VDS VGS
VGS
Voltage Vp Pinch off
.
FET
-2 :
83
I D VGS VDS ID
VGS VGS OFF I D I DSS
. VGS = 0
* -:
rd )( rd
.
E MOSFT -2 P,N : Enhancement
) (n
)( ). (I D
* -:
-1 Ri ) ( .
-2 .
-3 .
84
-4 ) (Noise .
-5 .
* -:
-1
.
-2 ) ( .
85
86
: 555
.
:
) (1 .
-1
) (2 555
-2
) (6
: VLT=VCC/3
VUT=2VCC/3
-3 ) (3 OUT
V 1.7
.
-4) (4 Reset
.
-5) (5
.
-6) (6 .
-7) (7 .
-8) (8 VCC
+ 4.5 + 18 .
: 555
87
555 :
- .
- . S-R
- NPN T1 .
-
- PNP
)( . .
- .
88
555 :
. .-1
:
-2
.
" "H
Ra Rb :
)(Comp2
))
) . (V2=2VCC/3
COMP1 ) (V1= VCC/3 ). "H" (COMP1
) "L" (Comp2 R-S "Q="H
" \L"= Q TR .
)
(X .
((COMP1 " "l ) (Comp2
" "H " =L" Q " \H"=Q
TR
Rb . TR :
89
X
)) COMP1
VX<VCC/3 )) COMP2
VX>VCC/3 1
)) COMP2 " "H )) COMP1
" "L Out " "H
.
90
) )TH )) TL ) (F.
). "H" (TH
-
- ) ".L"(TL
- :
): (F
91
C )(Ra+ 2rb
- 555 :
92
- 555
93
: )(IC 4017
:
Johnson Counter ) D
J-k (D \Q
J Q k
RC
RD RESET
. LOW
) ( )(Q
") "H J0 ' Q3 " "H K0.
Q3""L J0 " "H K0 " "L
"Set "H Q1-Q3
" "L 1000
Q1" "L" "H 1100
Q0 " "H Q3 " "H
Q3 " "L Q3
Q0 " "L
) ( Q3 " "L 8,7,6
" "H 9 .
94
Bit 5
95
PCB
600dpi
.
.
.
)
(
96
600
97
98
99
. .
.
.
.
.
.
100
IC555
IC 4017
) (
) (9 , 6 , 5 , 1
, ) (10,11
, ) (12
IC 555
.
101
102
- 1 -:
:
) 220( ) 12 (
:
) 220/12( .
-1
-2
) (
) (
-3
.
-2 :
:
.
:
103
:( (IC 4017 - .
- . 1MF
- . 22K
-3 :
:
) (
.
:
IC 555 -
- . M 1.5
- . MF 10
- 100K .
-4 :
:
IC 4017 ) --( .
:
- 470 .
- ) - -( .
- .
:
) (1 30 .
(7
) (2
)
)(8
104
) (3
1
) (4
) (5
) (6
) (9
)(10
)(11
)(12
:
: )(
) (1
.
) (2
)
( .
) (3
3
.
) (4
.
) (5
.
) (6
1 .
105
:
:
IC 4017
. IC
-1 IC 555 .
-2
.
Power
.
:
-1
-2
.
-3 ) ( .
-4
. IC
-5
.
106
-6 .
-7 .
-8
.
-9
.
-10
.
555IC Astabl
R
Clock
IC 4017
Stage Johnson decoder conter
Q0 : Q9 Positive logic
Q0:Q9 High
low
Q5 : Q9
Q5 : Q9
Q4 : Q9
107
-1
.
-2 IC 4017
IC
IC Tester .
-3
.
-4
IC 4017
.
108
-1
)
( .
:
-2
(1
.
(2
.
(3
.
(4
) --
.....(
.
(5
.
109
+
)
(%10
4 00
4 00
1
27.3
4.3
43
9
2 00
2 00
1
1
2
IC4017
IC555
0 30
0 10
3
470
0 10
0 10
22k 1
0 10
0 10
100k 1
1 50
1 50
1
2M
0 50
0 50
1F 1
0 50
0 50
0.1F 1
0 50
0 50
10F 1
6 00
1 00
6
2 00
1 00
2
1 50
1 50
1
2 00
2 00
1
5 00
5 00
1
2 00
2 00
1
12 00
4 00
3
3 00
3
+
=
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
00
9
00
00
64
40
6
40
70
.
.
(1
(2
(3
(4
-1 ) (
/
-2 ) (
-3 ) (BCP
/
-4 ) (
-5 :
.
/www.mohandsen.com
www.qariya.com .
/www.hazemsakeek.com
.
www.kutub.info/libr
.
ary
112