13 - 117 - Report - 12 Apr 2014

Soil Type
Young's Modulus, E,'
Poisson's Ratio, v,''~)
Use 10Mpa
for Fill
Loose sand
Table of Contents
Table 9 - Typical Ranges of Values of Young's Modulus and Poisson's Ratio

for Various Soils Considered as Homogeneous Elastic Materials
Medium dense sand

Use 30Mpa
for CDV
Dense sand
Soft clay
Stiff clay
Notes :
Table 10 - Typical Ranges of Values of Constant of Horizontal

Subgrade Reaction of Sand for Pile Analysis
Relative Density
Medium Dense
Dense
4 - 10
10 - 30
30 - 50
nh (dry sand) (MN/m3)
2.2
6.6
17.6
nh (submerged sand) (MN/m3)
1.3
4.4
10.7
SPT 'N' Value
Note :
Values of nh are based on Terzaghi (1955).
Table of Contents
Loose
Table of Contents
(1) Table based on Elson (1984).

(2) It is preferable, but may not be convenient or possible, to idealise
sands and soft clays as elastic materials with modulus proportional to
depth (i.e. Gibson materials), rather than homogeneous materials as
assumed in this Table.
(3) Values of Young's modulus E, and Poisson's ratio v, corresponding to
'undrained' loading for clays are given in brackets.
(4) It should be noted that elastic theory cannot account for the effect of
dilatancy upon shear, which may affect the apparent Poisson's Ratio of
the soil beyond the initial elastic range.
Table of Contents
Firm clay
10
20
30
LO
65
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.5
0.5
0.4
0.L
0.3
0.3
>
>
>
>
0.2
>
7-
>
0.1
0.1
Logarithmic spiral
Failure surface
Logarithmic spiral
1
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
I
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.5
0.4
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.1
0
10
20
30
40
0.1
45
Angle of Shearing Resistance, d (degrees]
Legend :
6 =2
3
Note :
Figure based on NAVFAC (1982b) and Caquot & Kerisel (1948).

Figure 18 - Active Earth Pressure Coefficients for Different Wall
Configurations and Retained Slope Angles
10
20
30
LO
L5
Angle of Shearing Resistance, 0 (degrees)
Note :
Figure based on NAVFAC (1982b) and Caquot & Kerisel (1948).

'Figure 19 - Passive Earth Pressure Coefficients for a Vertical Wall
Retaining Sloping Ground
Version 4.1
Section 5-5
Kickout Stability Checking
By :
Job No.:
Chkd :
Date:
18-04-14
For Pipe Pile Wall
Embedment Depth Calculation

Design Statement
Surcharge q
h1
Design Water Table

3'
H
Soil 1
h2
Excavation Level
1'
h4
4'
7'
h5
5'
Soil
h3
8'
9'
Soil
h6
2'
10
Water
Soil
2'
Surcharge
1'
6'
Soil
Wate
nd
1. All calcultaion of pipe pile comply with Geoguide 1 2 Edition"Guide To Retaining Wall Design, 1993".
2. Grade 275 MPa of steel is used for all types of soldier piles, sheetpiles and channel piles.
3. "PLAXIS"is used for structural analysis.(B.D. Ref. No.
G0133 )
Soil 2
Version 4.1
Section 5-5
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4. Soil properties:
Soil Type
cf' = c'/m
c'
f' = tan-1(tan' /m)
'
'
'
-1
f' = tan (tan' / 1.20)
cf' = c' / 1.20

o
(kPa)
(kPa)
()
(Degree)
(kN/m3)
(kN/m3)
Soil 1
CDV
4.00
3.33
35.00
30.26
20.00
20.00
Soil 2
C/HDV
8.00
6.67
35.00
30.26
20.00
20.00
Material Parameters
Partial Material Factor, m
Unit weight (soil)

Unit weight (water) w
1.00
1.00
c' & '
1.20
52.50
5. Water level is assumed at

6. A surcharge of
mPD
GEOGuide 1, Table 7
of the retaining height.
100.00 kPa is applied on the ground at the back of pipe pile wall.
Loading
Partial load factor, f
Surcharge
1.50
qf = surcharge x f
GEOGuide 1, Table 6
= 100.00 x 1.50
7. Retained slope angle,
150.00 kPa
(Surcharge)
, angle of slope in front of pipe pile wall,
8. Assume embedment depth of pipe pile
6.60
m.
Wall Dimension
Retained ground level =
52.50
mPD
Final excavation level =
49.00
mPD
Top level of soil 2 in front of the wall
44.00
Top level of soil 2 at the back of the wall

Maximum Retaining Height, H
Total length of soldier pile wall, L
=
3.50
mPD
44.00
10.10
Dewatering Level below Final Excavation Level
h1 =
h5 =
h3 =
0.00
5.00
h2 =
h6 =
0.00
1.60
mPD
49.00
mPD
10.10
h4 =
0.00
Version 4.1
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Date:
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For Pipe Pile Wall
Determination of Ka and Kp
= angle of wall friction
1/2 ' (Active)
= angle of wall friction = - 1/2 ' (Passive)

Ka is obtained form Geoguide 1 2nd Edition, "Guide To Retaining Wall Design", Figure 18.
Kp is obtained form Geoguide 1 2nd , "Guide To Retaining Wall Design", Figure 19.
Material
active passive Rd Kp(-1)
Ka
Kah
Kph
'sat
(kN/m3)
Type
CDV
15.13 -15.13
0.27
6.90
0.26
6.66
10.19
C/HDV
15.13 -15.13
0.27
6.90
0.26
6.66
10.19
Active Stress Acting on the Wall

1' = qf x Kah1
2' = qf x Kah2
39.53
kPa
39.53
kPa
3' = Kah1 x '1 x h1

4' = Kah1 x ['1 x h1 + '1sat x h2] - 2 x c'1f x Kah11/2
-3.42
kPa
-3.42
kPa
5' = Kah2 x ['1 x h1 + '1sat x h2] - 2 x c'2f x Kah2

6' = Kah2 x ['1 x h1 + '1sat x h2 + '2sat x h3] - 2 x c'2f x Kah21/2
-6.84
kPa
20.28
kPa
1' = 9.81 x [h2 + h3]
99.08
kPa
0.00
kPa
356.57
kPa
9' = Kph2 x ['1 x h4 + '1sat x h5] + 2 x c'2f x Kph2

1/2
10 = Kph2 x ['1 x h4 + '1sat x h5 + '2sat x h6] + 2 x c'2f x Kph2
373.78
kPa
482.37
kPa
2' = 9.81 x [h5 + h6]
64.75
kPa
1/2
Passive Stress Acting on the Wall

7' = Kph1 x '1 x h4 + 2 x c'1f x Kph11/2
8' = Kph1 x ['1 x h4 + '1sat x h5] + 2 x c'1f x Kph11/2
1/2
Version 4.1
Section 5-5
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Date:
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For Pipe Pile Wall
Surcharge q
P3
0.00
Design Water Table
3.50
P1
Soil 1
P4
Excavation Level
0.00
P5
P9
0.00
P10
5.00
Soil
P11
P2
P1
Soil
P8
P6
10.10
Soil 2
P7
P1
P1
1.60
Water
Soil
Surcharge
Soil
Wate
Active Force Per Unit Length Of Wall

P1 = 1 ' x
P2 = 2 ' x
0.00
0.00
kPa
10.10
P3 = 1/2 x 3' x 0.00
P4 = 3 ' x
0.00
399.25
kPa
0.00
kPa
0.00
kPa
P5 = 1/2 x [4' - 3'] x 0.00

P6 = 5 ' x
10.10
0.00
kPa
-69.13
kPa
136.97
kPa
500.36
kPa
P9 = 1/2 x 7' x 0.00

P10 = 7' x 5.00
0.00
kPa
0.00
kPa
P11 = 1/2 x [8' - 7'] x 5.00

P12 = 9' x 1.60
891.43
kPa
598.04
kPa
86.88
kPa
213.66
kPa
P7 = 1/2 x [6' - 5'] x 10.10

P8 = 1/2 x 1' x [
0.00
+
0.00
10.10
Passive Force Per Unit Length Of Wall
P13 = 1/2 x [10' - 9'] x 1.60

P14 = 1/2 x 2' x [
5.00
+
1.60
Version 4.1
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For Pipe Pile Wall
Taking moment about A,

Overturning Forces
Region
Force
Moment Arm
Moment
(kN/m)
(m)
(kNm/m)
P1
0.00
(0.00 + 0.00)/2 + 10.1
10.10
0.00
P2
399.25
P3
0.00
10.1/2
1/3 x 0.00 + 0.00 + 10.1
5.05
2016.24
10.10
0.00
P4
0.00
0.00/2 + 10.1
10.10
0.00
P5
0.00
1/3 x 0.00 + 10.1
10.10
0.00
P6
-69.13
10.1/2
5.05
-349.12
P7
136.97
1/3 x 10.1
3.37
461.13
P8
500.36
1/3 x (0.00 + 10.1)
3.37
1684.54
MO =
## ##
3812.79
Resisting Forces
Region
Force
Moment Arm
Moment
(kN/m)
(m)
(kNm/m)
P9
0.00
1/3 x 0 + 5 + 1.60
6.60
0.00
10
P10 =
0.00
5/2 + 1.60
4.10
0.00
11
P11 =
891.43
1/3 x 5 + 1.60
3.27
2912.00
12
P12 =
598.04
1.60/2
0.80
478.43
13
P13 =
86.88
1/3 x 1.60
0.53
46.33
14
P14 =
213.66
1/3 x (5 + 1.60)
2.20
470.06
MR
MR / Mo
= 3,906.82 / 3,812.79 =
1.02
>
3906.82
1.00
O.K.
Since the simplified pressure distribution is adopted, the depth of embedment should be increased by 20%.
The embedment depth of wall
Toe level =
41.00
mPD
= 6.60 x 120%
8.00
PLAXIS V8
-15.00
-10.00
-5.00
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
60.00
AA
A
A
BB
A
B
A B BB
B B
55.00
50.00
A
45.00
40.00
35.00
30.00
Deformed Mesh
Extreme total displacement 38.77*10 -3 m
(displacements at true scale)
PLAXIS
Finite Element Code for Soil and Rock Analyses

Version 8.2.4.133
Project description
Section 5-5 (Layout)

Project name
13-117G_r4
Step
Date
396
18/04/14
User name
30.00
35.00
40.00
REPORT
18.04.2014
User:
Title:
13-117-G
PLAXIS 8.x Professional version
Table of Contents
1. General Information
Table [1]
Units
Type
Unit
Length
Force
kN
Time
Table [2]
Model dimensions
min.
max.
0.000
23.860
30.000
56.000
Table [3]
Model
Model
Plane strain
Element
15-Noded
2. Geometry
Fig. 1 Plot of geometry model with significant nodes
Table [4]
Table of significant nodes
Node no.
x-coord.
y-coord.
Node no.
x-coord.
y-coord.
3093
0.000
30.000
265
10.060
52.200
4708
5.500
30.000
631
9.040
51.450
5870
9.040
30.000
741
5.500
49.000
6224
10.060
30.000
802
0.000
49.000
6546
10.940
30.000
1725
13.500
51.500
7122
13.500
30.000
1739
13.820
51.500
7426
15.070
30.000
365
13.820
56.000
7700
17.970
30.000
1256
18.320
56.000
7986
19.980
30.000
1236
17.000
56.000
Node no.
x-coord.
y-coord.
Node no.
x-coord.
y-coord.
8012
22.990
30.000
9.040
56.000
8050
23.860
30.000
4698
9.040
41.000
2444
23.860
56.000
139
11.040
56.000
2440
22.990
56.000
12
9.040
54.500
1896
19.980
56.000
457
13.500
54.500
1249
17.970
56.000
17
9.040
53.500
408
15.070
56.000
1041
13.500
53.500
349
13.500
56.000
1455
0.000
44.000
1150
13.500
52.500
6454
23.860
44.000
336
10.940
52.500
2464
9.040
44.000
Fig. 2 Plot of geometry model with cluster numbers
Table [5]
Table of clusters
Cluster no.
Nodes
3093, 4708, 5870, 6224, 6546, 7122, 7426, 7700, 7986, 8012, 8050, 4698, 1455, 6454, 2464.
631, 741, 802, 1455, 2464.
2444, 2440, 1896, 1150, 336, 265, 631, 1725, 1739, 1256, 6454, 2464.
Cluster no.
Nodes
1150, 336, 265, 631, 17, 1041.
12, 457, 17, 1041.
349, 4, 139, 12, 457.
349, 1150, 1725, 1739, 365, 457, 1041.
1249, 408, 1739, 365, 1256, 1236.
3. Structures
Fig. 3 Plot of geometry model with structures
Table [6]
Beams
Plate no.
Data set
Length
Nodes
[m]
1
Table [7]
Pipe Pile
15.000
4698, 2464, 631, 17, 12, 4.
Interfaces
Interface
Data set
Nodes
no.
1
CDV
1150, 336, 336, 265, 265, 1256, 1739, 1725, 1150, 1739,
1725.
Interface
Data set
Nodes
no.
2
H/CDV
4698, 2464, 2464, 4698.
CDV
2464, 631.
CDV
631, 2464.
No Fine Concrete
17, 631.
No Fine Concrete
12, 17.
No Fine Concrete
4, 12.
4. Material data
Fig. 4 Plot of geometry with material data sets
Table [8]
Soil data sets parameters
Linear Elastic
Existing Concrete Wall
existing No fine
concrete
Type
Drained
Drained
unsat
[kN/m]
24.00
20.00
sat
[kN/m]
24.00
20.00
kx
[m/s]
0.000
0.000
ky
[m/s]
0.000
0.000
einit
[-]
0.500
0.500
ck
[-]
1E15
1E15
10
existing No fine
Linear Elastic
concrete
2
Eref
[kN/m ]
13000000.00
186835.00
[-]
0.200
0.200
Gref
[kN/m ]
5416666.667
77847.917
14444444.444
207594.444
Eoed
[kN/ m ]
Eincr
[kN/ m /m]
0.00
0.00
yref
[m]
0.000
0.000
Rinter
[-]
0.670
0.670
Neutral
Neutral
No Fine Concrete
CDV
H/CDV
Drained
Drained
Drained
Interface
permeability
Mohr-Coulomb
Type
unsat
[kN/m]
20.00
20.00
20.00
sat
[kN/m]
20.00
20.00
20.00
kx
[m/s]
0.000
0.000
0.000
ky
[m/s]
0.000
0.000
0.000
einit
[-]
0.500
0.500
0.500
ck
[-]
1E15
1E15
1E15
Eref
[kN/m ]
186835.000
32000.000
50000.000
[-]
0.200
0.300
0.300
Gref
[kN/m ]
77847.917
12307.692
19230.769
207594.444
43076.923
67307.692
Eoed
[kN/m ]
cref
[kN/m ]
10.00
4.00
8.00
[]
40.00
35.00
35.00
[]
0.00
0.00
0.00
Einc
[kN/ m /m]
0.00
0.00
0.00
yref
[m]
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.00
0.00
0.00
cincrement
[kN/ m /m]
Tstr.
[kN/m ]
0.00
0.00
0.00
Rinter.
[-]
0.67
0.67
0.67
Neutral
Neutral
Neutral
Interface
permeability
Table [9]
Beam data sets parameters
11
No.
Identification
EA
EI
Mp
Np
[kN/m]
[kNm?m]
[kN/m/m]
[-]
[kNm/m]
[kN/m]
Pipe Pile
1.104E7
1.412E5
6.70
0.20
1E15
1E15
Soldier Pile
1.221E7
90290.00
7.88
0.20
1E15
1E15
Job No.:
By :
Section 5-5
Chkd :
Date :
18-04-14
Design Summary
Existing Ground Level
Retaining Height
Embedded Depth
Formation Level
=
=
=
=
52.50
3.50
8.00
49.00
mPD
m
m
mPD
Proposed Toe Level
41.00
mPD
Wall Properties
Wall Type
-
E
kPa
EI
kNm2
EA
kN
Pipe Pile (with concrete)
2.05E+08
1.10E+07
1.41E+05
Strut Properties
Strut
No.
S1
S2
Strut Size
-
Level
mPD
E
kPa
A
cm2
S
m
L
m
EA
kN
Stiffness
kN/m/m
Pre-Load
kN/m
Excavation Sequence
Phase 0
Phase 1
Phase 2
Phase 3
Phase 4
Phase 5
Phase 6
Phase 7
Initial phase
Total Multiplier
Activate Surcharge
Install Pipe Pile
Backfilling to +53.5mPD
Building Load
Design Summary - Contents_v2_5 Apr 2014
Job No.:
By :
Section 5-5
Chkd :
Date :
18-04-14
SUMMARY OF "PLAXIS" OUTPUT

Phase
No.
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
MAX
Pipe Pile Wall

Deflection Moment
mm
kNm /m
8.97
28.76
15.42
45.75
26.86
76.81
37.39
113.00
37.39
113.00
Shear
kN /m
13.17
17.14
23.86
38.25
38.25
Design Summary - Contents_v2_5 Apr 2014
Strut
No.
-
Pre-Load
kN /m
-
Max Strut Force

S1
S2
kN /m
0.00
kN /m
0.00
PLAXIS 8.0
-2.00
0.00
2.00
4.00
6.00
8.00
10.00
12.00
14.00
16.00
18.00
20.00
22.00
24.00
[kNm/m]
56.00
480.000
400.000
54.00
360.000
52.00
320.000
280.000
50.00
240.000
48.00
200.000
160.000
46.00
120.000
44.00
80.000
40.000
42.00
0.000
Envelope of Bending moments

Extreme bending moment 113.01 kNm/m
PLAXIS

Version 8.2.4.133
Project description
13-117-G (Bending Moment)

Project name
13-117G_r4
Step
Date
396
18/04/14
User name
PLAXIS 8.0
-4.00
-2.00
0.00
2.00
4.00
6.00
8.00
10.00
12.00
14.00
16.00
18.00
20.00
22.00
24.00
[kN/m]
180.000
56.00
140.000
54.00
120.000
52.00
100.000
50.00
80.000
48.00
60.000
46.00
40.000
44.00
20.000
42.00
0.000
Envelope of Shear forces

Extreme in plane shear force 38.25 kN/m
PLAXIS

Version 8.2.4.133
Project description
13-117-G (Shear Force)

Project name
13-117G_r4
Step
Date
396
18/04/14
User name
PLAXIS 8.0
-6.00
-4.00
-2.00
0.00
2.00
4.00
6.00
8.00
10.00
12.00
14.00
16.00
18.00
20.00
[kN/m]
56.00
480.000
400.000
54.00
360.000
52.00
320.000
280.000
50.00
240.000
48.00
200.000
160.000
46.00
120.000
44.00
80.000
40.000
42.00
0.000
Envelope of Axial forces

Extreme axial force -111.80 kN/m
PLAXIS

Version 8.2.4.133
Project description
13-117-G (Axial Force)

Project name
13-117G_r4
Step
Date
396
18/04/14
User name
PLAXIS V8
-15.00
-10.00
-5.00
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
60.00
BB
AA
B
A
B BB
B B
55.00
50.00
A
45.00
40.00
35.00
30.00
Deformed Mesh
PLAXIS

Version 8.2.4.133
Project description
13-117-G (Phase 2)
Project name
13-117G_r4
Step
Date
43
18/04/14
User name
30.00
35.00
40.00
PLAXIS V8
-15.00
-10.00
-5.00
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
60.00
BB
AA
B
A
B BB
B B
55.00
50.00
A
45.00
40.00
35.00
30.00
Deformed Mesh
PLAXIS

Version 8.2.4.133
Project description
13-117-G (Phase 3)
Project name
13-117G_r4
Step
Date
50
18/04/14
User name
30.00
35.00
40.00
PLAXIS V8
-15.00
-10.00
-5.00
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
60.00
BB
AA
B
A
B BB
B B
55.00
50.00
A
45.00
40.00
35.00
30.00
Deformed Mesh
PLAXIS

Version 8.2.4.133
Project description
13-117-G (Phase 4)
Project name
13-117G_r4
Step
Date
80
18/04/14
User name
30.00
35.00
40.00
PLAXIS V8
-15.00
-10.00
-5.00
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
60.00
BB
AA
B
A
B BB
B B
55.00
50.00
A
45.00
40.00
35.00
30.00
Deformed Mesh
PLAXIS

Version 8.2.4.133
Project description
13-117-G (Phase 5)
Project name
13-117G_r4
Step
Date
116
18/04/14
User name
30.00
35.00
40.00
PLAXIS V8
-15.00
-10.00
-5.00
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
60.00
BB
A
AA
B
A
B BB
B B
55.00
50.00
A
45.00
40.00
35.00
30.00
Deformed Mesh
PLAXIS

Version 8.2.4.133
Project description
13-117-G (Phase 6)
Project name
13-117G_r4
Step
Date
202
18/04/14
User name
30.00
35.00
40.00
PLAXIS V8
-15.00
-10.00
-5.00
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
60.00
AA
A
A
BB
A
B
A B BB
B B
55.00
50.00
A
45.00
40.00
35.00
30.00
Deformed Mesh
PLAXIS

Version 8.2.4.133
Project description
13-117-G (Phase 7)
Project name
13-117G_r4
Step
Date
396
18/04/14
User name
30.00
35.00
40.00
PLAXIS - Finite Element Code for Soil and Rock Analyses

Project description
: 13-117-G
PLAXIS 8.x
User name
Project name
: 13-117G_r4
Output
: Soil and Interfaces Info - Mohr-Coulomb
ID
Name
Type
Date : 18/4/2014
Step : 285
unsat
sat
k
x
[kN/m 3]
[kN/m 3]
[m/s]
k
y
Page : 1
E
ref
c
ref
[m/s]
[-]
[kN/m 2]
[kN/m 2]
[ ]
[ ]
No Fine Concrete
Drained
20.0
20.0
0.0000
0.0000
0.20
1.8684E5
10.0
40.0
0.0
CDV
Drained
20.0
20.0
0.0000
0.0000
0.30
32000.0
4.0
35.0
0.0
H/CDV
Drained
20.0
20.0
0.0000
0.0000
0.30
50000.0
8.0
35.0
0.0

Project description
: 13-117-G
PLAXIS 8.x
User name
Project name
: 13-117G_r4
Date : 18/4/2014
Output
: Soil and Interfaces Info - Mohr-Coulomb
Step : 285
E
incr
c
incr
y
ref
T-Strength
[kN/m 3]
[kN/m 3]
[m]
[kN/m 2]
[-]
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.67
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.67
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.67
ID
inter
Page : 2

Project description
: 13-117-G
PLAXIS 8.x
User name
Project name
: 13-117G_r4
Output
: Soil and Interfaces Info - Linear Elastic
ID
Name
Date : 18/4/2014
Type
Step : 285
Page : 1
unsat
sat
k
x
k
y
E
ref
E
incr
y
ref
[kN/m 3]
[kN/m 3]
[m/s]
[m/s]
[-]
[kN/m 2]
[kN/m 3]
[m]
[-]
inter
Drained
24.0
24.0
0.0000
0.0000
0.20
1.3E7
0.0
0.0
0.67
existing No fine concrete
Drained
20.0
20.0
0.0000
0.0000
0.20
1.8684E5
0.0
0.0
0.67

Project description
: 13-117-G
PLAXIS 8.x
User name
Project name
: 13-117G_r4
Output
: Material data sets - Plates
ID
Name
Type
Date : 18/4/2014
Step : 285
M
EA
EI
[kN/m]
[kNm 2/m]
[kN/m 2]
[-]
[kNm/m]
[kN/m]
Pipe Pile
Elastic
1.104E7
1.412E5
6.7
0.20
1E15
1E15
Soldier Pile
Elastic
1.221E7
90290.0
7.9
0.20
1E15
1E15
Page : 1
REPORT
18.04.2014
User:
Title:
13-117-G
Table of Contents
1. Results for phase ............................................................................................................................ 3
2. Results for phase 1 ...................................................................................................................... 7
3. Results for phase 2 .................................................................................................................... 11
1. Results for phase
Fig. 1 Horizontal displacements in beam (plate no: 1)

Extreme value 0.00 m (phase: 0)
Fig. 2 Axial forces in beam (plate no: 1)

Extreme value 0.00 kN/m (phase: 0)
Fig. 3 Shear forces in beam (plate no: 1)

Fig. 4 Bending moments in beam (plate no: 1)

Extreme value 0.00 kNm/m (phase: 0)
2. Results for phase 1

Extreme value -8.68*10-3 m (phase: 1)



10

11
12

13


14

15
16

Extreme value -50.66 kN/m (phase: 3)
17


18

19
20

21


22

23
24

25


26

27
28

29


30

31
32

33


34
#N/A
Job No.:
By:
Section 5-5
Chkd:
Date:
18-04-14
Structural Steel Design - Pipe Pile Wall

(Structural steel design based on "Code of Practice for the Structural Use of Steel 2011"
with reference to "The Design and Construction of Sheet-Piled Cofferdams by B P Williams and D Waite")
Dx
Plan
t
Y
D x
H-Section
Circular Hollow Section
1. Section Properties
Try Section :
406.4 x 10 x 97.8 CHS
with :
203 x 203 x 86 UC
with :
Concrete Infill / Grouting
Maximum pipe pile spacing
0.65
406.4 mm
Grade 43
Hot Rolled
and
Size OK
Circular Hollow Section

Depth of Section
Plastic Modulus (X-Axis)
Sx
1572000 mm3
Plastic Modulus (Y-Axis)
Sy
1572000 mm3
Thickness
Second Moment of Area (X-Axis)
Ix
= 244800000 mm
Area of Section
Ag
12500 mm2
Second Moment of Area (Y-Axis)
Iy
= 244800000 mm4
Mass per Length
97.80 kg/m
Elastic Modulus (X-Axis)
Zx
1205000 mm3
Design Strength
py
Zy
1205000 mm
Depth of Section
222.3 mm
Plastic Modulus (X-Axis)
Sx
979000 mm3
Width of Section
208.8 mm
10 mm
4
275 N/mm2
H-Section
Plastic Modulus (Y-Axis)
Sy
456000 mm3
Area of Section
Ag
11000 mm2
Mass per Length
86.00
Net Area of Section
Ac
106264 mm2
260.00
1.104E+07
kN/m
EIx/m = (205000 x 1000) x ((244800000 + 94600000) / 10^12) / 0.65 + (22200 x 1000) x (999654572 / 10^12) / 0.65 =
1.412E+05
kNm2/m
6.698
kN/m/m
Ix
Second Moment of Area (Y-Axis)
Iy
Zx
851000 mm3
Zy
299000 mm3
Elastic Modulus of steel
Di
94600000 mm
31200000 mm
205000.00
kg/m
MPa
Concrete Infill / Grouting

Internal Diameter
386.4 mm
4
Ix
= 999654572 mm
Mass per Length
Elastic Modulus of concrete / grout
MPa
22200.00
kg/m
PLAXIS Input Values

EA/m = (205000 x 1000) x ((12500 + 11000) / 10^6) / 0.65 + (22200 x 1000) x (106264 / 10^6) / 0.65
w/m = (97.8 + 86 + 260) x 9.81 / 1000 / 0.65
Pipe Pile (Sec 5), Pipe Pile Design (12 Apr 2014)
#N/A
Job No.:
By:
Section 5-5
Chkd:
Date:
18-04-14
2. Ultimate Design Load

From "Plaxis" results,
Maximum bending moment, Mx
115.00
Maximum bending moment, My
0.00
kNm/m
kNm/m
Maximum shear force, V
40.00
kN/m
Maximum axial force, Fc
115.00
kN/m
Load Factor
1.4
Design Bending Moment (Major Axis)
Mx
104.7
kNm per pile
Design Shear Force
36.4
kN per pile
Design Bending Moment (Minor Axis)
My
0.0
kNm per pile
Axial Force
Fc
104.7
kN per pile
3. Section Classification
(Table 7.2)
CLASS
e = [275 / py]1/2
= 1.0
D/t = 40.6
Class of Section
50 e2
<
(Compact)
(Table 7.2, CHS under compression due to

bending)
Compact Section
4. Shear Buckling Resistance
(Clause 8.4.6)
d/t =
40.6
<
70e
70.0
Not Required to Check for Shear Buckling
Therefore,
5. Check Shear Capacity
(Clause 8.2.1)
7500 mm2
Shear Area
Av
Shear Capacity
Vc
= pyAv/(3)^0.5
1191 kN
36.4 kN
<
Vc =
0.6Vc =
714 kN
>
Design Shear Force

Since,
(Eqn. 8.1)
1191 kN
Check Shear OK
Low Shear
6. Check Moment Capacity (for plastic or compact sections)

Mcx = Lesser of
Major Axis
p y Sx
Mcx
p y Sx
432 kNm
398 kNm
(Clause 8.2.2)
and
>
1.2pyZx
1.2pyZx =
398 kNm
Mx =
104.7 kNm
Major Moment Capacity OK
8. Cross-section Capacity Check

Fc
Agpy
Mx
Mcx
My
Mcy
(Clause 8.9.1)
104.7
3437.5
=
0.03
0.29
<
104.7
397.7
+
0.26
0.0
397.7
0.00
Pipe Pile (Sec 5), Pipe Pile Design (12 Apr 2014)
Cross-section Capacity OK
#N/A
Job No.:
By:
Chkd:
Lagging Wall Design
Date:
18-04-14
RC Lagging Design - Pipe Pile Wall

(RC design based on "Code of Practice for Structural Use of Concrete 2004")
1. Ultimate Design Load

Height of groundwater
hw
3.50
Diameter of pipe pile
406.40
Maximum pipe pile spacing
0.65
Design Hydrostatic Pressure
pw
= 3.5 x 9.81
34.3
kPa
Design Soil Pressure
ps
= 2.33 x 19 + 1.17 x (19-9.81)
55.1
kPa
= 1.4 x 89.4
125.1
kPa
Load Factor
Factored Hydrostatic Pressure
From Section 5 (= 52.5m -49m)
mm
Retained Height
hs
3.50
m
hs (i)
hs (ii)
1.4
hw
soil pressure water pressure
s x hs (i) + s - wx hs (ii)
Design Moment
= 125.1 x 0.65^2 / 8
6.6
kNm/m
Design Shear
= 125.1 x 0.65 / 2
40.7
kN/m
Minimum width
243.60
mm
Thickness of slab
406.4
mm
Concrete grade
fcu
30
N/mm2
Cover
c1
45
mm
Cover (Side)
c2
45
mm
Diameter of steel bar
16
mm
Steel bar spacing
100
w x hw
2. Section Properties
Provide Tension Reinforcement
Total No. of steel bar
mm c/c
2 nos
402 mm2
As prov =
Area of tension reinforcement
(Provide A252 Steel Wire Mesh)

2
Yield strength of reinforcement
fy
Effective depth of tension steel
= h - c1 - 0.5
2
= M / (bd fcu)
460
N/mm
353.4 mm
3. Check Moment Resistance

(Eqn 6.7)
6.6 x 10^6
243.6 x 353.4^2 x 30
=
<
K' =
0.156
Not Required
Therefore, compression reinforcement is

Level arm
0.0072
= d (0.5+ (0.25 - K / 0.9)
z
z
350.5 mm
335.73 mm
(Eqn 6.10)
>
0.95d =
335.73 mm
Required Tension Reinforcement

Area of tension reinforcement
As req = M / (0.87 fy z)
(Eqn 6.12)
6.6 x 10^6
0.87 x 460 x 335.73

=
49.1 mm2
(0.79/m) * (100As/bd)1/3 * (400/d)1/4 * (fcu/25)1/3
<
402.1 mm2
As prov =
O.K.
4. Check Shear Resistance

Design Concrete Shear Strength
vc
Design Shear Stress
0.537 N/mm2
m =
1.25
100As/bd =
0.467
<
O.K.
(400/d)1/4 =
(fcu/25)1/3 =
1.031
>
0.67
O.K.
where
1.063
= V / (b d)
(Eqn 6.35)
= 40.7 / (243.6 x 353.4)

=
v
Therefore, shear reinforcement is
<
0.473 N/mm2
1.0
vc
<
=
0.8fcu =
4.38 or
0.537 N/mm
Not Required
RC Lagging, Pipe Pile Design (12 Apr 2014)
7.0 N/mm2
O.K.

13 - 117 - Report - 12 Apr 2014

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Soil Type

Young's Modulus, E,'

Poisson's Ratio, v,''~)

Table 9 - Typical Ranges of Values of Young's Modulus and Poisson's Ratio

Medium dense sand

Table 10 - Typical Ranges of Values of Constant of Horizontal

nh (dry sand) (MN/m3)

nh (submerged sand) (MN/m3)

SPT 'N' Value

Values of nh are based on Terzaghi (1955).

(1) Table based on Elson (1984).

Angle of Shearing Resistance, d (degrees]

Figure based on NAVFAC (1982b) and Caquot & Kerisel (1948).

Angle of Shearing Resistance, 0 (degrees)

Figure based on NAVFAC (1982b) and Caquot & Kerisel (1948).

Kickout Stability Checking

For Pipe Pile Wall

Embedment Depth Calculation

Design Water Table

Kickout Stability Checking

For Pipe Pile Wall

f' = tan-1(tan' /m)

f' = tan (tan' / 1.20)

cf' = c' / 1.20

Partial Material Factor, m

Unit weight (soil)

c' & '

5. Water level is assumed at

Partial load factor, f

7. Retained slope angle,

, angle of slope in front of pipe pile wall,

8. Assume embedment depth of pipe pile

Final excavation level =

Top level of soil 2 in front of the wall

Top level of soil 2 at the back of the wall

Total length of soldier pile wall, L

Dewatering Level below Final Excavation Level

Kickout Stability Checking

For Pipe Pile Wall

= angle of wall friction

1/2 ' (Active)

= angle of wall friction = - 1/2 ' (Passive)

active passive Rd Kp(-1)

Active Stress Acting on the Wall

3' = Kah1 x '1 x h1

5' = Kah2 x ['1 x h1 + '1sat x h2] - 2 x c'2f x Kah2

1' = 9.81 x [h2 + h3]

9' = Kph2 x ['1 x h4 + '1sat x h5] + 2 x c'2f x Kph2

2' = 9.81 x [h5 + h6]

Passive Stress Acting on the Wall

Kickout Stability Checking

For Pipe Pile Wall

Design Water Table

Active Force Per Unit Length Of Wall

P5 = 1/2 x [4' - 3'] x 0.00

P9 = 1/2 x 7' x 0.00

P11 = 1/2 x [8' - 7'] x 5.00

P7 = 1/2 x [6' - 5'] x 10.10

Passive Force Per Unit Length Of Wall

P13 = 1/2 x [10' - 9'] x 1.60

Kickout Stability Checking

For Pipe Pile Wall

Taking moment about A,