PLANNING

Planning is a cognitive process for decision - -

making based on facts and information.

Purpose: To help achieve goals or targets by using
available time and resources.

Plan is a living document which can be changed
based on prevailing circumstances.
Characteristics of a plan:
1. Involve the future
2. Involve action
3. Have an organizational identification of action

Types of plan:
1. Strategic plans
2. Operating plans
3. Continuous / rolling plans
Models of planning:
1. Basic model / basic strategic planning
- Carried out by top-level management, who identifies the ff:
1. Purpose / mission statement
2. Goals (to be accomplished)
3. Specific approaches and strategies
4. Specific action plans
5. Consistent monitoring and updating of plans
2. Issue based / goal based planning / goal based strategic planning
- it consist of the following activities:
1. External / internal assessment
2. Strategic analysis
3. Designing major strategies or programs
4. Designing and updating the organizations vision, mission and values
5. Establishment of action plans based on objectives
6. Documentation of issues, goals, strategies, and programs
7. Development of the yearly operating plan document
8. Development and implementation of the budget plan for 1 year
allocation
9. The conduct of the organizations year-one operations
10. Monitoring / reviewing / evaluating and update the strategic plan
document
3. Alignment Model
4. Scenario Planning
5. Organic or Self-organizing Planning
6. Functional Planning
7. Cross sectional Planning
8. Operational Planning
Budgeting a systematic financial translation of a plan.
- the allocation of scarce resources
- a tool for planning, monitoring, and controlling.

Nursing budget allocates resources for nursing program
and activities.

Hospital budget a plan for future activities.
Four components:
1. Revenue budget
2. Expense budget
3. Capital budget
4. Cash budget

Types of Budgeting:
1. Centralized budget
2. Decentralized budget