Faragelintii UNOSOM

Bishii Janayo 1991 dowladii Siyad Bare ayaa xukunka laga tuuray ka dibna waxaa qarxay dagaal
sokeeye oo salka ku hayo qaab beeleed oo iskooxaysi ah taasoo sababtay inay sii badato
dhibaatadii oo ku sii darsantay dalagii beeraha sii yaraaday iyo cuna yaroo soo korodhay.
1992 beesha caalamka ayaa is ku dayday inay soo gaarsiiyaan xoogaha mucaawino ah ayadoo ay
qaadeen olole caalami iyo qaramada midoobay ayaa amar ku bixisay in si deg deg ah mucaawino
dhinaca circa ah la gaarsiyo meelihii dhibaatada badnayd ka jirtay. Si kasta ha ahaatee, wax dowlad
ama nadaam kala dambayn ah ma jirin iyo kooxo gaangiistaro ama mooryaan aha ayaa bilowday
inay dhacaan, boobaan ama ay la wareegaan mucaawanadi yarayd ee loo waday magaalooyinkii ay
sida aadka ah dhibaatada ugu jirtay waxayna gaartay ilaa heer aad u xun oo keentay in wax la
qaybin waayo ama dadkii macluusha haysay inay ugu sii darto xabad iyo xasuuq.
Bishii Julay 1991 waxaa soo galay dalka shaqaalihii ugu horeeyay ee qaramada midoobay oo qayb
ka ah howlgalkii qaramada midoobey ee Somaliya UNOSOM (United Nations Operations in
Somalia). In kastoo howshooda ahayd inay hubiyaan ama lasocdaan xabad joojintii u dhaxaysay
labadii garab ay kala hogaamin jireen Caydiid iyo Cali Mahdi kuwaasoo is ku dagaalayay maamulka
Magaalad Muqdisho caasimada dalka somaliya.
Bishii October 1991 dowlada Australia ayaa goaansatay inay inay u soo dirto dalka Somaliya (Thirty
Person Movement Control Unit (MCU) Qaybta la socodka dhaqdhaqaaqa ee 30 ka qof taaso laga
soo dhexsaaray 3 da howlood ee kala ah is abaabulka, daabulida iyo is ku xirka Missionka
qaramada Midoway ee Somalia. Qaybtan waxaa hogaaminaayay Major General Greg Jackson
taasoo bilowday inay imaadaan caadamadeeda dhamaadka October.
UNOSOM mabdaahaan waxay ahayd koox kormeere aan haysan wax dhaqaale ah si loo abuuro
jawi degnaasho oo dalka yeesho ama ugu yaraan la ilaaliyo cunna qaybinta. inta badan hayadadha
garkaagarka alaabaha ay qaybiyaan waxay ahaayeen kuwa aan la aboodin in loo qeybiyo dadka
tabaalaysan is kaba dhaafee maraakiibta cunada siday ayaaba ku soo xiran waayay dekada
mogadishu taasoo sababtay inay ka sii darto macaluushii xiligaasi jirtay oona sabab u ahayd cuna
yaraan xiligaasi aad u jirtay taasoo keentay inay dhintaa dad ku dhow 300,000 qof.
Bishii November dowladii maraykanka ayaa ku dhowaaqday inay hogaamin doonto ciidan ku
wajahan somaliya taaso u fududeen doono haydahaha gargaarka inay qaybiyaan mucaawinada
baniaadanimo. Golaha amaanka ayaa u bixiyay ciidanka inay ku howlgalaan magaca (United
Nations Task Force-Somalia(UNITAF), howshooda ayaa waxa ay ahayd inay isticmaalaan dhamaan
waxii suuragal ah si loo fuliyo howshooda loo soo egmaday. Meesha ugu saraysa UNITAF waxay ka
koobnayeen 37,000 shaqaale, 21,000 waxay ahaayeen Ameerikan inta kaloo hartay waxay
ahaayeen labaatan wadan oo kale. Ciidamadii ugu horeeyey ee Ameerikaan ah waxay imaadeen
Mogadishu 9 kii disember.
Dowlada Australia ayaa ku soo biirisay UNITAF hal betelyan oo ciidanka lugta ah waxayna
tiradooda gaaraysay 990 shaqaale kuwaasoo lagu saleeyay 1 RAR waxaana hogaaminaayay
Lieutenant Colonel David Hurley. Waxayna ka koobnaayeen 1RAR shaqaalo hubaysan kuwaaso
wata hubka caanka ku tahay dowlada Australia sida B Squadron, 3rd/4th Cavalry Regiment;
waxayna ka kala socdeen kooxo kala duwan oo isugu jira rayid, mileri sirdoon, kuwa signalada
tilmaama, kuwa korontada iyo qayb caawiye ah iyo kuwa kala duwan oo ay ka yimaadeen dhamaan
qaybaha kala duwan ee ciidamadad dalka Australia u gaar ka ah. Waxaa kaloo jiray ciidamo ka
socda xaruunta wayn, xiriirka bulshada and kuwa caawiya shaqaalaha gudaha jooga.
Colonel William Mellor waa madaxa ciidamada Australiaa waxay xaruuntiisa ahayd magaalada
Mogadishu wuxuuna masuul ka ahaa badbaadada ciidamada Australia iyo inuu si toos ah ula
shaqeeyo ciidamada Ameerikaanka madaxdooda.
Ciidamadii Australianka ahaa waxay xaruuntooda ahayd Magaalada Baydhabo qaybteeda
gargaarka, galbeedka mogadishu. Ciidadamada Australianka waxay masuuliyadooda ahayd afar
1. Nabadaynta degaanka Baydhabo
2. Sii wadida nabada magaalada iyo banaankeeda
3. Ilaalinta kolonyada gaadiidka ee mucaawinada sida
4. Caawinta dadka tabaalaysan si siman oo cadaalad ah
Waxaa ciidamada Australianka sameeyeen inay arooriyaan xogta mooriyaanta iyo kuwa dadka
dhaca ayadoo u maraya dadka gudaha si ay hubka ugu dhigto waxaan jiray guulooyin laga gaaray
ayadoo la isticmaalyo xogtaasi.
maraakiibtana waxay kaalin muhiim ah ka qaateen soo gelintaanka, soo rarida qalabkii ciidamada,
baabuurtooda iyo qaar ka mid ah ciidadama soo galaayay Somalia. Qaar ka mid ah waxayba
ahaayeen xaruun tababar sida markabka lagu magacaabo HMAS Jervis Bay and mid ka culus loo
yaqaano HMAS Tobruk. Inkastoo Tabruk goobta uu u joogay si uu u caawiyo caadamada Logistik
ahaan kuwa Australianka iyo kuwa UNITAF ka kaasoo inta badan ka soo kictimi jirtay dayaarada
qumaatiga u kaca ayadoo ay ka soo daabulaayeen shaqaalo inta u dhaxaysa markabka iyo xeebta.
Waxaa kaloo loo isticmaalayay Tabruk inay ku soo nastaan ciidamada.
Cidamadii xooga badnaa ee UNITAF ta waxay suurageliyeen ina uu gargaarku gaaro dadkii loogu
talagalay oo aad u dhibaataysay macluushi iyo dhibaatadii taasoo keentay inay yaraadaan
dhaibtaadii keentay abaarta.
04 May 1993 UNITAF ayaa waxaa lagu badalay UNOSOMII oo aad u balaaran taasoo dib loogu
dhisaamyu dowlada Somalia. Halkii Batelnyan ee ciidamada 1 RAR ka ayaa lgu wareejiyay
UNOSOMII ilaa laga gaarayo 13 May markii ka soo baxeen Baidoa ayna ku laabteen Australia
todobaadkii xigay.
Ugu dambayntii waxaa sii xumaatay xalaada ka dib markii ciidamada maraykna ku fashillmen inay
abooda ka tuuraan Hogaamiye Kooxedkii Caydiid taasoo sababtay inuu dhaco dagaalkii u
dhaxeeyay Cidamada maraynka taasoo keentay inay is kaga baxaan intii u dambaysa cidama
Australianka aakhirkii Novermber 1995. Ayadoo askarigii ugu dambeeyay ee UN ah oo Somalia ka
baxa waxay ku beegnayd bishii March 1995.

References
Breen, Bob, A little bit of hope : Australian Force-Somalia, (St Leonards, N.S.W.: Allen & Unwin,
1998)
Horner, David Murray, The Australian centenary history of defence. Vol. 4, The making of the
Australian defence, (Melbourne: Oxford University Press, 2001)
Kuring, Ian; Australian Army History Unit, Red Coats to Cams : a history of Australian Infantry
1788 to 2001, (Loftus N.S.W.: Australian Military History Publications in association with the
Australian Army History Unit, 2004)
Londey, Peter, Other people's wars: a history of Australian peacekeeping, (2003)
Parry, Bill (Winston Oliver), We were there in the R.A.R. / Bill Parry. We were there in the Royal
Australian Regiment, (Mango Hill, Qld.: Winston Oliver Parry, 2005)
Ramage, Gary; Breen, Bob, Through Aussie eyes, (Canberra: Dept. of Defence, 1994)